CN102539774A - Handheld type multi-parameter on-site fast biochemical detector - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及生物传感器检测技术领域，是一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，可做人体血液生化指标检测，能够测量包括血糖、血乳酸、血酮体等多种参数。The invention relates to the technical field of biosensor detection, and is a hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector, which can detect human blood biochemical indicators and can measure various parameters including blood sugar, blood lactic acid, blood ketones and the like.
背景技术Background technique
医学临床上经常要对病人的血液生化指标进行检测，检测方法通常有比色法和电化学检测法。其中比色法所花费时间长，程序烦琐，并且设备一般都比较大，不宜于便携。利用带有酶的生物传感器可以方便的实现血液中生化指标的检测，这种检测方法响应时间短，特异性高，能够实现血液中各种生化指标的现场快速检测。最常见的应用就是现在市面上各种手持式的血糖仪。In clinical medicine, it is often necessary to detect the blood biochemical indicators of patients, and the detection methods usually include colorimetric and electrochemical detection methods. Among them, colorimetry takes a long time, the procedure is cumbersome, and the equipment is generally relatively large, which is not suitable for portability. The detection of biochemical indicators in blood can be easily realized by using the biosensor with enzyme. This detection method has short response time and high specificity, and can realize rapid on-site detection of various biochemical indicators in blood. The most common application is various handheld blood glucose meters on the market.
目前基于生物传感器的单参数检测仪具有操作简单，仪表便携的特点。但是相应的设备只能测试一种生化参数，不能满足多参数测量的要求。At present, the single-parameter detector based on biosensor has the characteristics of simple operation and portable instrument. However, the corresponding equipment can only test one biochemical parameter, which cannot meet the requirements of multi-parameter measurement.
基于生物传感器的多参数生化检测仪，是通过使用者的操作实现了多参数的依次测量，具有使用复杂的特点，并且不能同时测量多个参数。即便是具有了便携的特性，也需要相对专业的人员进行严格的操作才能实现多个参数的测量，稍有不慎可能会导致接入的生物传感器与测试电路不匹配从而导致测量无效。The multi-parameter biochemical detector based on the biosensor realizes the sequential measurement of multiple parameters through the operation of the user, has the characteristics of complicated use, and cannot measure multiple parameters at the same time. Even with the portable feature, relatively professional personnel are required to carry out strict operations to achieve the measurement of multiple parameters. A little carelessness may cause the connected biosensor to not match the test circuit, resulting in invalid measurement.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决现有便携式生化检测仪表存在的问题，公开一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，从检测试条到便携式仪表提出了一套完整的解决方案，通过在试条上制作三个工作电极，和一个参比电极，构成了一个多工作电极的生物传感器，能够同时检测血液中血糖、血乳酸、血酮体的含量。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the existing portable biochemical detection instrument, disclose a hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detection instrument, and propose a complete set of solutions from the detection test strip to the portable instrument. Three working electrodes and one reference electrode are made on the surface to form a multi-working electrode biosensor, which can simultaneously detect the contents of blood glucose, blood lactic acid, and blood ketone bodies.
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术解决方案是：For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，其设有多个独立检测的通道，包括多通道检测电路、工作电压生成电路、电源电路、蓝牙模块、显示模块、单片机；其中，A hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector, which is provided with multiple independent detection channels, including a multi-channel detection circuit, an operating voltage generation circuit, a power supply circuit, a Bluetooth module, a display module, and a single-chip microcomputer; wherein,
多通道检测电路：包括运算放大器OP1-OP6、电阻R1-R3，及独立的三路检测通道；OP2、OP4、OP6构成电流至电压的转换电路，转换增益由电阻R1、R2、R3分别控制，根据各个检测通道对应的工作电极输出的电流大小，选择固定的转换电阻；OP1、OP3、OP5构成电压跟随器，将三路信号与后端电路分别隔离，再分别接入模拟-数字转换器(简称ADC)的三个独立输入端；单片机(简称MCU)根据ADC的三路信号分别进行运算处理，使三路信号完全独立；Multi-channel detection circuit: including operational amplifiers OP1-OP6, resistors R1-R3, and independent three-way detection channels; OP2, OP4, and OP6 constitute a current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and the conversion gain is controlled by resistors R1, R2, and R3 respectively. According to the output current of the working electrode corresponding to each detection channel, a fixed conversion resistor is selected; OP1, OP3, and OP5 form a voltage follower, which isolates the three-way signal from the back-end circuit, and then connects it to the analog-to-digital converter ( ADC for short) three independent input terminals; the single-chip microcomputer (MCU for short) performs calculation and processing according to the three-way signals of the ADC, so that the three-way signals are completely independent;
单片机分别与工作电压生成电路、电源电路、蓝牙模块、显示模块电连接；The single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the working voltage generating circuit, the power supply circuit, the bluetooth module and the display module respectively;
使用与其配套的检测试条，自动、快速的测量血液的血糖、血乳酸、血酮体；测量结果通过蓝牙模块进行无线数据通讯，同时带有万年历、存储和报警功能。Use the matching test strips to automatically and quickly measure blood glucose, blood lactic acid, and blood ketones; the measurement results are communicated wirelessly through the Bluetooth module, and it also has perpetual calendar, storage, and alarm functions.
所述的手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，其所述工作电压生成电路，包括一个8位的数字-模拟转换器(简称DAC)和一级电压跟随器OP7，8位的DAC能够输出28＝256级电压，通过一级电压跟随器将DAC输出电压与后端电路隔离，再接入OP2、OP4、OP6，最后利用运算放大器输入端的“虚短”特性，将电压分别施加于三个工作电极；Described hand-held multi-parameter on-the-spot rapid biochemical detector, its described operating voltage generating circuit, comprises an 8-bit digital-to-analog converter (abbreviated as DAC) and a primary voltage follower OP7, and the 8-bit DAC can output 28 = 256-level voltage, the DAC output voltage is isolated from the back-end circuit through a first-level voltage follower, and then connected to OP2, OP4, OP6, and finally the voltage is applied to the three working electrode;
工作电极上的电压与参比电极上的电压的差形成了试条所需的工作电压，8位DAC的数字输入由MCU控制。The difference between the voltage on the working electrode and the voltage on the reference electrode forms the working voltage required by the test strip, and the digital input of the 8-bit DAC is controlled by the MCU.
所述的手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，其所述配套的检测试条，包括基底、至少四条导电通道、保护层；其中，In the handheld multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector, the matching test strip includes a substrate, at least four conductive channels, and a protective layer; wherein,
基底由聚碳酸酯(PC)制成；导电通道固接于基底表面，在导电通道上涂覆修饰层，制成至少三个工作电极和一参比电极；保护层包括双面胶片和聚酯薄膜，双面胶片粘贴在基底上，再覆以内侧修饰有亲水胶的聚酯薄膜，形成一个能快速吸入血液样本的腔体。The substrate is made of polycarbonate (PC); the conductive channel is fixed on the surface of the substrate, and the modified layer is coated on the conductive channel to make at least three working electrodes and a reference electrode; the protective layer includes double-sided film and polyester The double-sided film is pasted on the substrate, and then covered with a polyester film modified with a hydrophilic glue on the inside to form a cavity that can quickly absorb blood samples.
所述的手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，其所述工作电极，修饰有葡萄糖氧化酶层或修饰有乳酸氧化酶层；参比电极，修饰有纳米铂黑层。In the handheld multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector, the working electrode is modified with a glucose oxidase layer or a lactate oxidase layer; the reference electrode is modified with a nano-platinum black layer.
所述的手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，其所述无线蓝牙模块，将测量结果无线发送至电脑或手机，经过电脑转发至互联网或经手机转发至GSM网络，以实现远程测试结果分析和监测。In the handheld multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector, the wireless bluetooth module wirelessly sends the measurement results to a computer or a mobile phone, and forwards them to the Internet through the computer or to the GSM network through the mobile phone, so as to realize the analysis and analysis of the remote test results. monitor.
本发明具有以下优点和特点：The present invention has following advantages and characteristics:
1、自动识别试条。在被测量者滴加血液后，能够自动识别图1和图4所示的7种试条，可以实现：血糖、血乳酸、血酮体三参数的同时检测；其中任意两参数的同时检测；其中任意一个参数的检测。适用于多种检测场合。1. Automatic identification of test strips. After the person being measured drops blood, it can automatically identify the 7 test strips shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, and can realize: simultaneous detection of three parameters: blood sugar, blood lactic acid, and blood ketone body; simultaneous detection of any two parameters; The detection of any one of these parameters. It is suitable for various detection occasions.
2、多参数同时测量。一个试条加一滴血即可实现血糖、血乳酸、血酮体三个参数的同时测量，减少了被测试者的痛苦，降低了试条等耗材的浪费。同时多参数的集成测量可以有效的降低测试的成本。2. Simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters. One test strip plus one drop of blood can realize simultaneous measurement of three parameters of blood glucose, blood lactic acid, and blood ketone body, which reduces the pain of the testee and reduces the waste of consumables such as test strips. The integrated measurement of multiple parameters at the same time can effectively reduce the cost of testing.
3、自动、快速测量。本检测仪能够自动感应被测量者血液的滴加，并自动进行测量。血糖需要10秒能输出测量结果、血乳酸需要30秒能输出结果、血酮体需要90秒能输出结果。多参数测量时，测量结果依次输出。3. Automatic and fast measurement. The detector can automatically sense the dripping of the blood of the person being measured, and automatically measure. It takes 10 seconds to output the measurement results for blood glucose, 30 seconds for blood lactic acid, and 90 seconds for blood ketones. During multi-parameter measurement, the measurement results are output sequentially.
4、测量结果自动无线发送。能够将测量结果无线发送至手机和电脑，数据转发至GSM网络或者互联网，可以实现远程监控。4. The measurement results are automatically sent wirelessly. It can wirelessly send the measurement results to mobile phones and computers, and forward the data to the GSM network or the Internet, enabling remote monitoring.
5、本检测仪采用三节AAA型(7#)电池供电。经过低功耗设计，可以使得工作时间大于150小时，便于携带使用。5. The detector is powered by three AAA type (7#) batteries. After low power consumption design, it can make the working time more than 150 hours, easy to carry and use.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为与本发明配套使用的检测试条结构示意图，为三参数检测试条，其中：Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the detection test strip used in conjunction with the present invention, which is a three-parameter detection test strip, wherein:
图1a为绝缘基底1；Figure 1a is an insulating substrate 1;
图1b为布线示意图；Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of wiring;
图1c为保护层7；Figure 1c is a protective layer 7;
图1d为整体结构图；Figure 1d is the overall structure diagram;
图2为本发明的一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪的电路框图；Fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector of the present invention;
图3为本发明中检测仪与检测试条的接口示意图；Fig. 3 is the interface schematic diagram of detector and test strip in the present invention;
图4为本发明的三种两参数检测试条和三种单参数检测试条示意图；其中：Fig. 4 is three kinds of two parameter detection test strips of the present invention and three kinds of single parameter detection test strip schematic diagrams; Wherein:
图4a为血糖、血乳酸的检测试条示意图；Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a test strip for detecting blood glucose and blood lactic acid;
图4b为血糖、血酮体的检测试条示意图；Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of a test strip for detecting blood glucose and blood ketones;
图4c为血乳酸、血酮体的检测试条示意图；Figure 4c is a schematic diagram of a test strip for detecting blood lactic acid and blood ketones;
图4d为血糖的检测试条示意图；Figure 4d is a schematic diagram of a test strip for detecting blood sugar;
图4e为血乳酸的检测试条示意图；Figure 4e is a schematic diagram of a test strip for detecting blood lactic acid;
图4f为血酮体的检测试条示意图；Figure 4f is a schematic diagram of a test strip for detecting blood ketone bodies;
图5本发明检测仪的程序流程图；The program flowchart of Fig. 5 detector of the present invention;
图6本发明的一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪的使用示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the use of a hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector of the present invention.
附图标号说明：1为绝缘基底，2为参比电极，3为血糖检测工作电极、4为血乳酸检测工作电极、5为血酮体检测工作电极、6为导电通道、7为保护层。Description of reference numerals: 1 is an insulating substrate, 2 is a reference electrode, 3 is a working electrode for blood glucose detection, 4 is a working electrode for blood lactic acid detection, 5 is a working electrode for blood ketone body detection, 6 is a conductive channel, and 7 is a protective layer.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
本发明的一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，使用与其配套的检测试条。通过在试条上制作三个工作电极，和一个参比电极，构成了一个多工作电极的生物传感器，可以实现同时测量血糖、血乳酸、血酮体。本发明的试条结构，如图1所示。A hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector of the present invention uses a matching detection test strip. By fabricating three working electrodes and one reference electrode on the test strip, a multi-working electrode biosensor is formed, which can simultaneously measure blood glucose, blood lactic acid, and blood ketone bodies. The test strip structure of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1 .
图1中的试条，由基底1、血糖检测工作电极3、血乳酸检测工作电极4、血酮体检测工作电极5、参比电极2、导电通道6、保护层7组成。所述基底1由聚碳酸酯(PC)制成；导电通道6由金溅射在基底1上而成；血糖检测工作电极3是在相应的导电通道上修饰葡萄糖氧化酶制成，血乳酸检测工作电极4是在相应的导电通道上修饰乳酸氧化酶制成，血酮体检测工作电极5是在相应的导电通道上修饰乳酸氧化酶制成；参比电极2通过在导电通道上修饰纳米铂黑而制成；保护层7由双面胶粘贴在基底1上，其上再粘贴一层聚酯薄膜，在聚酯薄膜的内侧修饰上亲水胶，这样就形成了一个能快速吸入血液样本的腔体。The test strip in FIG. 1 consists of a substrate 1 , a blood glucose
本发明的一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，针对图1所示的检测试条，设计了三个独立检测的通道。三个通道在同一个系统中可以共享同资源，所以成本没有太多的提高。通过低功耗的设计，可以减少由于三个通道的引入所增加的功耗。A handheld multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector of the present invention is designed with three independent detection channels for the detection test strip shown in FIG. 1 . The three channels can share the same resources in the same system, so the cost does not increase much. Through the design of low power consumption, the power consumption increased due to the introduction of three channels can be reduced.
本发明的一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪，针对图1所示的检测试条，设计了一个专用的接口与其进行连接。接口的位置位于检测仪的上部，其结构如图3所示。将图1所示检测试条的导电通道与图3所示的接口对齐，试条朝上插入接口中。接口通过金属构件将导电通道与电路连接，金属构件的数目与导电通道的数目相同，使得检测试条上产生的电信号能够传递到检测仪的电路上。A hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector of the present invention is designed with a dedicated interface for connection with the test strip shown in FIG. 1 . The position of the interface is located on the upper part of the detector, and its structure is shown in Figure 3. Align the conductive channel of the test strip shown in Figure 1 with the interface shown in Figure 3, and insert the test strip into the interface facing up. The interface connects the conductive channel with the circuit through the metal member, and the number of the metal member is the same as the number of the conductive channel, so that the electric signal generated on the test strip can be transmitted to the circuit of the tester.
本发明的一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪的电路框图如图2所示：包括多通道检测电路、工作电压生成电路、电源电路、蓝牙模块、显示模块、单片机。The circuit block diagram of a hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector of the present invention is shown in Figure 2: it includes a multi-channel detection circuit, an operating voltage generation circuit, a power supply circuit, a Bluetooth module, a display module, and a single-chip microcomputer.
多通道检测电路：由运算放大器OP1-OP6和高精度电阻R1-R3辅以一些辅助元器件构成。其中包含了硬件上独立的三路检测通道，OP2、OP4、OP6构成了电流至电压的转换电路，转换增益由高精度电阻R1、R2、R3分别控制。因此可以根据各个检测通道对应的工作电极输出的电流大小，可以选择固定的转换电阻。OP1、OP3、OP5构成了电压跟随器，将三路信号与后端电路分别隔离，再分别接入模拟-数字转换器(简称ADC)的三个独立输入端。单片机(简称MCU)中根据ADC的三路信号分别进行运算处理。从而实现了三路信号的完全独立处理。Multi-channel detection circuit: It is composed of operational amplifiers OP1-OP6 and high-precision resistors R1-R3 supplemented by some auxiliary components. It includes three independent detection channels on the hardware. OP2, OP4, and OP6 constitute a current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and the conversion gain is controlled by high-precision resistors R1, R2, and R3, respectively. Therefore, a fixed conversion resistance can be selected according to the magnitude of the current output by the working electrode corresponding to each detection channel. OP1, OP3, and OP5 constitute a voltage follower, which isolates the three signals from the back-end circuit, and then connects them to three independent input terminals of an analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated as ADC). In the single-chip microcomputer (abbreviated as MCU), the calculation and processing are respectively performed according to the three signals of the ADC. Thus, the completely independent processing of the three signals is realized.
工作电压发生电路：由一个8位的数字-模拟转换器(简称DAC)和一级电压跟随器组成。8位的DAC能够输出28＝256级电压，通过一级电压跟随器将DAC输出电压与后端电路隔离，再接入OP2、OP4、OP6，最后利用运算放大器输入端的“虚短”特性，将电压分别施加于三个工作电极。工作电极上的电压与参比电极上的电压的差形成了试条所需的工作电压。8位DAC的数字输入由MCU控制，这样就实现了可控的256级电压输出。这样比较传统的多级电阻分压实现可控电压输出，尺寸更小、功耗更低、成本也更低。具体实现的时候，选用带有DAC的单片机，这样系统的尺寸更小，功耗更低。Working voltage generation circuit: It consists of an 8-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC for short) and a first-stage voltage follower. The 8-bit DAC can output 28=256 levels of voltage. The DAC output voltage is isolated from the back-end circuit through a first-level voltage follower, and then connected to OP2, OP4, and OP6. Finally, the "virtual short" characteristic of the input terminal of the operational amplifier is used to convert the The voltage is applied to the three working electrodes respectively. The difference between the voltage on the working electrode and the voltage on the reference electrode forms the desired operating voltage for the test strip. The digital input of the 8-bit DAC is controlled by the MCU, thus realizing a controllable 256-level voltage output. In this way, compared with the traditional multi-level resistor voltage divider to achieve controllable voltage output, the size is smaller, the power consumption is lower, and the cost is lower. When implementing it, choose a single-chip microcomputer with a DAC, so that the size of the system is smaller and the power consumption is lower.
电源电路：由相对独立的数字电源和模拟电源构成。分立的电源设计可以有效降低数字电路对试条信号的影响。Power supply circuit: It is composed of relatively independent digital power supply and analog power supply. The discrete power supply design can effectively reduce the influence of digital circuits on test strip signals.
蓝牙模块：通过UART接口与单片机相连接，是一个相对独立的模块。单片机将测试结果通过蓝牙模块无线的发送至电脑或者手机，可以实现数据的无线上传和下载。再通过电脑转发至互联网或者经过手机转发至GSM网络，可以实现远程测试结果分析和监测。Bluetooth module: It is a relatively independent module connected with the microcontroller through the UART interface. The single-chip microcomputer sends the test results to the computer or mobile phone wirelessly through the Bluetooth module, which can realize wireless upload and download of data. Then forward it to the Internet through a computer or forward it to a GSM network through a mobile phone, which can realize remote test result analysis and monitoring.
本发明的一种手持式多参数现场快速生化检测仪的显示模块是由大屏幕的液晶显示和驱动芯片构成。液晶显示区域为41×25(mm2)。由于仪表是多参数测量，涉及到各种显示界面，因此选用128×64的点阵屏幕。通过单片机控制点阵的显示内容，灵活的实现各种显示界面。通过将三参数检测试条接入到本检测仪并且滴加被测试者的血液就能自动在显示屏上显示测试结果。The display module of the hand-held multi-parameter on-site rapid biochemical detector of the present invention is composed of a large-screen liquid crystal display and a driving chip. The liquid crystal display area is 41×25 (mm2). Since the instrument is multi-parameter measurement and involves various display interfaces, a 128×64 dot matrix screen is selected. The display content of the dot matrix is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer, and various display interfaces are flexibly realized. The test result can be automatically displayed on the display screen by connecting the three-parameter test strip to the tester and adding the blood of the testee.
在制作试条时可以制作如图4所示的各种试条。由于本发明检测仪对于三个通道的信号的检测是独立进行的，某一个或者某两个通道的缺失不会影响已有通道的测量。因此，本发明配合图4所示的各种试条可以实现血糖、血乳酸、血酮体中任意两个参数的同时测量或者任意一个参数的测量。Various test strips as shown in Figure 4 can be produced when making test strips. Since the detector of the present invention detects the signals of the three channels independently, the absence of one or two channels will not affect the measurement of existing channels. Therefore, the present invention can realize the simultaneous measurement of any two parameters of blood glucose, blood lactic acid, and blood ketone bodies or the measurement of any one parameter by cooperating with various test strips shown in FIG. 4 .
本发明检测仪在不使用时处于关机状态。在关机状态按下电源按键检测仪开机。一段时间不使用之后或者在开机状态按下电源按键，则本发明检测仪进入关机状态。关机状态功耗非常低。The detector of the present invention is in a shutdown state when not in use. In the off state, press the power button to turn on the detector. After a period of non-use or pressing the power button in the power-on state, the detector of the present invention enters the power-off state. The power consumption in the off state is very low.
单片机选用自带ADC和DAC的MSP430F1611，这样可以进一步减少系统的尺寸和降低系统的功耗。本发明检测仪在开机状态的工作流程图如图5所示。在主控芯片单片机内嵌一个实时操作系统uCOS，可以实现多个任务的同时执行。检测仪开机后首先进行初始化，之后不断的读取各路ADC通道的信号。The single-chip microcomputer selects MSP430F1611 with its own ADC and DAC, which can further reduce the size of the system and reduce the power consumption of the system. The working flow diagram of the detector in the power-on state of the present invention is shown in FIG. 5 . A real-time operating system uCOS is embedded in the MCU of the main control chip, which can realize the simultaneous execution of multiple tasks. After the detector is turned on, it is initialized first, and then continuously reads the signals of each ADC channel.
插入检测试条，并滴加被测试者的血液。对应不同的检测试条，在某一个或某几个通道有电流信号产生，随后进入相应的检测任务。由于内嵌实时操作系统，因此可以实现多个通道的信号同时检测，检测完成之后的结果显示在液晶显示模块上。检测仪的整体外型，如图6所示。Insert the test strip and add the blood of the person being tested. Corresponding to different detection test strips, a current signal is generated in one or several channels, and then enters the corresponding detection task. Due to the embedded real-time operating system, simultaneous detection of signals of multiple channels can be realized, and the detection results are displayed on the liquid crystal display module. The overall appearance of the detector is shown in Figure 6.
检测完成之后对测量结果进行本地存储和无线发送。无线数据可以发送给电脑也可以发送给手机，通过下一步的数据转发，可以实现远程测量结果的监控。After the detection is completed, the measurement results are stored locally and sent wirelessly. The wireless data can be sent to the computer or to the mobile phone. Through the next step of data forwarding, the monitoring of remote measurement results can be realized.
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