CN102499738B - A passive navigation joint type puncture needle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a passive homing type articulated puncture needle, which comprises a head section and needle sections. A wedged tip is formed at the front end of the head section, the needle sections are coaxially mounted at the back of the head section, the head section and the needle sections are made of stainless steel materials, the head section and the needle sections coaxially mounted at the back of the head section are connected by a flexible articulation, and the needle sections are also connected coaxially by flexible articulations. The flexible articulations are coils made of cobalt-chromium alloy by laser melting, two ends of each flexible articulation made of cobalt-chromium alloy are coaxially fixedly mounted with the needle sections and the head section in a jointing manner, the head section and the needle section can be bent, but flexibility of the head section and the needle sections is smaller than that of the flexible articulations. The passive homing type articulated puncture needle is capable of realizing accurately homing and controlling puncture path and position of the puncture needle when the puncture needle is used for non-straight puncture in the human body to reach the focus where the other types of puncture needles are hard to reach, so that the applicable range of minimally invasive surgery is expanded, Iatrogenic injury is reduced and patients are benefited.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种被动导航式关节型穿刺针A passive navigation joint type puncture needle

技术领域technical field

本发明属于医疗器械领域，涉及穿刺针，尤其是一种被动导航式关节型穿刺针。The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment and relates to a puncture needle, in particular to a passive navigation joint type puncture needle.

背景技术Background technique

在临床上，针对不同的微创外科手术使用不同的穿刺针，如骨髓活检穿刺针、腰椎穿刺针、INTERV穿刺活检针、Chiba针、肾穿刺针、肝脏活体组织穿刺针、八光经皮穿刺针、硬膜外穿刺针、深静脉穿刺针、血肿粉碎穿刺针、Stimuplex穿刺针、腹腔引流穿刺针、胆道引流穿刺针、INRAD囊肿抽吸针、胸腔穿刺针、胸骨肠骨穿刺针、脑室穿刺针、膀胱造瘘穿刺针、上颌窦穿刺针、DCHNS穿刺针、超声可见针等等，它们基本上都是直的。实施使用穿刺针的微创外科手术时，为了避免医源性损伤，在针的刺入过程中要避开颅内重要功能区、血管区，避开胸腹内大血管、肠管、胆囊和脾等重要器官和结构，防止损伤周围组织、避开肋骨、椎骨及重要血管、神经的阻挡、尽可能少地穿越肺组织等。然而，当有些病灶被诸如骨头、肠、胰腺、膀胱和血管等体内组织包围时，现有的直针不能经由皮肤穿刺进入病变部位，或者穿刺会造成较大的医源性损伤。Clinically, different puncture needles are used for different minimally invasive surgical operations, such as bone marrow biopsy needles, lumbar puncture needles, INTERV puncture biopsy needles, Chiba needles, kidney puncture needles, liver biopsy needles, and Baguang percutaneous puncture Needle, Epidural Needle, Deep Venous Needle, Hematoma Crush Needle, Stimuplex Needle, Peritoneal Drainage Needle, Biliary Drainage Needle, INRAD Cyst Aspiration Needle, Thoracentesis Needle, Sternoiliac Needle, Ventriculocentesis Needles, cystostomy needles, maxillary sinus needles, DCHNS needles, ultrasound needles, etc., they are basically straight. When performing minimally invasive surgery using a puncture needle, in order to avoid iatrogenic injury, it is necessary to avoid important functional areas and vascular areas in the brain, as well as large intrathoracic and abdominal vessels, intestines, gallbladder, and spleen during needle insertion. and other important organs and structures, prevent damage to surrounding tissues, avoid ribs, vertebrae and important blood vessels, block nerves, and pass through lung tissue as little as possible. However, when some lesions are surrounded by body tissues such as bones, intestines, pancreas, bladder, and blood vessels, the existing straight needles cannot penetrate into the lesion through the skin, or the puncture will cause greater iatrogenic damage.

目前，为绕开骨头、血管、神经丛和重要脏器等到达身体深处，执行切除、注射、刺激或培植等任务，需要可弯曲的穿刺针，并对其进行操纵和导航。该方面的研究在国际上仍处于初级阶段，国内尚属空白。Currently, in order to bypass bones, blood vessels, nerve plexuses, and vital organs to reach deep in the body and perform tasks such as excision, injection, stimulation, or implantation, flexible puncture needles are required, manipulated, and navigated. The research in this area is still in its infancy in the world, and it is still blank in China.

通过检索，发现了如下两篇基本相关的公开专利文献：1、一种磁共振穿刺针(CN101773404A)，包括外针和内针，所述内针嵌入所述外针，上述磁共振穿刺针外套针采用纯钛材料，内针芯采用钛合金材料，削减了穿刺针在磁共振成像下的伪影大小，便于较好的对穿刺针位置进行判断。2、一种磁共振专用静脉穿刺针(CN201643192U)，设有针体，针体的一端呈斜面式尖锐的针头，针体的另一端与针柄相连接，针柄后端设有与输液管相连接的连接管，其特征在于针体的管壁上至少设有两个输液孔，针柄上设有定位板，使用时，医护人员手持针柄将针头刺入患者的静脉，然后通过定位板将针柄用胶布进行定位固定，定位固定效果好，有效地防止了针头的振动，防止了针头被堵塞或损伤血管的现象。Through the search, the following two basically related published patent documents were found: 1. A magnetic resonance puncture needle (CN101773404A), comprising an outer needle and an inner needle, the inner needle is embedded in the outer needle, and the above-mentioned magnetic resonance puncture needle jacket The needle is made of pure titanium, and the inner needle core is made of titanium alloy, which reduces the artifact size of the puncture needle under magnetic resonance imaging and facilitates better judgment of the puncture needle position. 2. A special venipuncture needle for magnetic resonance (CN201643192U), which is provided with a needle body, one end of the needle body is a beveled sharp needle, the other end of the needle body is connected with the needle handle, and the rear end of the needle handle is provided with an infusion tube The connected connecting tube is characterized in that at least two infusion holes are provided on the tube wall of the needle body, and a positioning plate is provided on the needle handle. When in use, the medical staff holds the needle handle and inserts the needle into the patient's vein, The plate fixes the needle handle with adhesive tape, and the positioning and fixing effect is good, which effectively prevents the vibration of the needle and prevents the needle from being blocked or damaging the blood vessel.

上述两篇专利文献，与本专利申请在目的上及技术方案上有较大不同。The above two patent documents are quite different from this patent application in terms of purpose and technical solutions.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处，提供一种被动导航式关节型穿刺针，以实现穿刺针在人体内进行非直通道穿刺时对其穿刺路径和穿刺位置的精确导航和控制。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a passive navigation joint type puncture needle to realize precise navigation and control of the puncture path and puncture position when the puncture needle punctures non-straight passages in the human body .

为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

一种被动导航式关节型穿刺针，包括头节、针节，头节的前端制有楔形的斜尖，针节同轴安装在头节后部，其特征在于：所述头节及针节均由不锈钢材料制作，所述头节与后面同轴安装的针节采用柔性关节连接，针节之间也采用柔性关节同轴连接；所述柔性关节采用由钴铬合金经激光融刻而成的蛇形管，该钴铬合金所制的柔性关节的两端采用嵌装方式与针节及头节同轴固装，头节和针节都可弯曲，但头节及针节的柔性度均小于柔性关节。A passive navigation articulating puncture needle, comprising a head section and a needle section. The front end of the head section is formed with a wedge-shaped oblique tip, and the needle section is coaxially installed at the rear of the head section. It is characterized in that: the head section and the needle section They are all made of stainless steel. The head section and the coaxially installed needle section at the back are connected by flexible joints, and the needle sections are also coaxially connected by flexible joints; the flexible joints are made of cobalt-chromium alloy through laser melting. The two ends of the flexible joint made of cobalt-chromium alloy are fixed coaxially with the needle section and the head section in an embedded way. Both the head section and the needle section can be bent, but the flexibility of the head section and the needle section are smaller than flexible joints.

而且，所述柔性关节的蛇形管采用钴铬合金经激光融刻而成。Moreover, the serpentine tube of the flexible joint is made of cobalt-chromium alloy through laser melting.

而且，所述本穿刺针在三维方向弯曲，每个柔性关节均存在一个最大的可弯曲角度，其最大的弯曲角度为60度。Moreover, the puncture needle is bent in three dimensions, and each flexible joint has a maximum bendable angle, and the maximum bendable angle is 60 degrees.

本发明的优点和积极效果是：Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:

1、本发明可以在影像技术等的引导下精确地刺入人体深处，同时避开体内的重要血管、脏器、骨骼、神经和组织等，使得医生可以实施可挽救千万条生命的微创外科手术，并减少乃至避免医源性损伤。1. The present invention can accurately penetrate deep into the human body under the guidance of imaging technology, while avoiding important blood vessels, organs, bones, nerves and tissues in the body, so that doctors can implement microscopic surgery that can save tens of millions of lives. Invasive surgery, and reduce or even avoid iatrogenic injury.

2、本发明所提出的被动导航式关节型穿刺针，可以实现穿刺针在人体内进行非直通道穿刺时对其穿刺路径和穿刺位置的精确导航和控制，达到其它类型穿刺针难以达到的病灶，以扩大微创外科手术的适用范围，减少医源性损伤，造福患者。2. The passive navigation joint-type puncture needle proposed by the present invention can realize accurate navigation and control of the puncture path and puncture position when the puncture needle punctures non-straight channels in the human body, and can reach lesions that are difficult to reach with other types of puncture needles , to expand the scope of application of minimally invasive surgery, reduce iatrogenic injuries, and benefit patients.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构主视图；Fig. 1 is a structural front view of the present invention;

图2为图1的纵向截面剖视图；Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 1;

图3为本发明的弯曲状态图；Fig. 3 is a bending state diagram of the present invention;

图4为本发明穿刺针在被动导航状态下的偏转过程示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the deflection process of the puncture needle in the passive navigation state of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例，对本发明进一步说明，下述实施例是说明性的，不是限定性的，不能以下述实施例来限定本发明的保护范围。Below in conjunction with the examples, the present invention is further described, the following examples are illustrative, not limiting, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited by the following examples.

一种被动导航式关节型穿刺针，包括头节1、针节3，头节的前端制有楔形的斜尖，可以使得针在穿刺时产生侧向导航力以改变关节型针的方向，针节同轴安装在头节后部。A passive navigation articulating puncture needle, comprising ahead section 1 and aneedle section 3. The front end of the head section is made with a wedge-shaped oblique tip, which can make the needle produce lateral navigation force during puncture to change the direction of the articulating needle. The section is installed coaxially at the rear of the head section.

本发明的创新点在于：The innovation point of the present invention is:

所述头节及针节均由不锈钢材料制作。Both the head section and the needle section are made of stainless steel.

所述头节与后面同轴安装的针节采用柔性关节2连接，针节之间也采用柔性关节同轴连接。The head section is connected with the coaxially installed needle sections at the back byflexible joints 2, and the needle sections are also coaxially connected by flexible joints.

所述柔性关节采用由钴铬合金经激光融刻而成的蛇形管，该钴铬合金柔顺性极佳，在具有优良的径向支撑力的同时筒壁较其它金属材质更薄，且扩张性可靠；该钴铬合金所制的柔性关节的两端采用嵌装方式与针节及头节同轴固装，头节和针节都可以弯曲，但它们的柔性度均小于柔性关节。The flexible joint adopts a serpentine tube made of cobalt-chromium alloy through laser melting. Reliable performance; the two ends of the flexible joint made of cobalt-chromium alloy are coaxially fixed with the needle segment and the head segment in an embedded way. Both the head segment and the head segment can be bent, but their flexibility is less than that of the flexible joint.

本穿刺针可以在三维方向弯曲，在处理复杂的穿刺任务时可以实现曲线的穿刺路径，每个关节均存在一个最大的可弯曲角度，本实施例最大的弯曲角度为60度。The puncture needle can be bent in a three-dimensional direction, and can realize a curved puncture path when dealing with complex puncture tasks. Each joint has a maximum bendable angle, and the maximum bend angle in this embodiment is 60 degrees.

本发明的工作原理是：The working principle of the present invention is:

穿刺针的头节带有斜尖，其不对称性使得被动导航式关节型穿刺针在穿刺过程中受到不对称的组织反作用力F，这个反作用力F使头节发生被动偏转。通过使针绕其轴线旋转可以控制头节的偏转方向，而其它针节随着头节的偏转而偏转，如图4所示，从而实现对穿刺针的导航。由于导航的需要，头节应尽可能短。包括头节在内的各针节由不锈钢材料制造，两个针节之间是关节。关节由柔性材料制成，可以在三维方向弯曲，在处理复杂的穿刺任务时可以实现曲线的穿刺路径，每个关节均存在一个最大的可弯曲角度。The cephalic segment of the puncture needle has an oblique tip, and its asymmetry causes the passive navigation articulating puncture needle to receive an asymmetric tissue reaction force F during the puncture process, and this reaction force F causes the cephalic segment to deflect passively. The deflection direction of the head section can be controlled by rotating the needle around its axis, and the other needle sections deflect along with the deflection of the head section, as shown in Figure 4, thereby realizing the navigation of the puncture needle. Headers should be as short as possible due to navigational requirements. Each needle section including the head section is made of stainless steel, and a joint is formed between two needle sections. The joints are made of flexible materials and can be bent in three-dimensional directions. When dealing with complex puncture tasks, curved puncture paths can be realized. Each joint has a maximum bendable angle.

Claims (2)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种被动导航式关节型穿刺针，包括头节、针节，头节的前端制有楔形的斜尖，针节同轴安装在头节后部，其特征在于：所述头节及针节均由不锈钢材料制作，所述头节与后面同轴安装的针节采用柔性关节连接，针节之间也采用柔性关节同轴连接；所述柔性关节为蛇形管，该柔性关节的两端采用嵌装方式与针节及头节同轴固装，头节和针节都可弯曲，但头节及针节的柔性度均小于柔性关节；1. A passive navigation type articulating puncture needle, comprising a head section and a needle section, the front end of the head section is shaped with a wedge-shaped oblique point, and the needle section is coaxially installed at the head section rear portion, it is characterized in that: the head section and the head section The needle sections are all made of stainless steel, the head section and the coaxially installed needle section at the back are connected by flexible joints, and the needle sections are also coaxially connected by flexible joints; the flexible joint is a serpentine tube, and the flexible joint The two ends are fixed coaxially with the needle section and the head section in an embedded way. Both the head section and the needle section can be bent, but the flexibility of the head section and the needle section is less than that of the flexible joint;所述穿刺针在三维方向弯曲，每个柔性关节均存在一个最大的可弯曲角度，其最大的弯曲角度为60度。The puncture needle is bent in a three-dimensional direction, and each flexible joint has a maximum bendable angle, and the maximum bendable angle is 60 degrees.2.根据权利要求1所述的被动导航式关节型穿刺针，其特征在于：所述柔性关节的蛇形管采用钴铬合金经激光融刻而成。2. The passive navigation articulating puncture needle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the serpentine tube of the flexible joint is made of cobalt-chromium alloy through laser ablation.

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