CN102493766B - Borehole track control method and borehole track control system - Google Patents
Borehole track control method and borehole track control systemDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for controlling scrolling and system thereof, especially relate to a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method and system thereof.
Background technology
Rotary steerable drilling technology is the trend of drilling technology development, has represented the advanced level of current directed-drilling technique.Rotary steerable drilling is to carry out borehole track control in the situation that of drill string continuous rotation, has following technical advantage: well is smooth, and drill string frictional resistance is little, can improve wellbore quality and increase displacement and extend ability; Well is clean, reduces down hole problem; A set of drilling tool is realized multiple borehole track control function, improves drillng operation efficiency.Therefore, rotary steerable drilling technology is widely used in extended reach well, complicated horizontal well and geologic steering drilling.
Rotary steerable drilling system is made up of ground monitoring system, both-way communication system, underground survey control system three parts.Ground monitoring system monitors Underwell guide tool working condition, real-time tracking well track, and the departure degree of analysis drilled wellbore trajectories and designed path, adjusts borehole track to be bored, and produces new borehole track control instruction; Underground survey control system realizes the functions such as downhole drill parameter measurement (survey data such as instrument attitude parameter and MWD/LWD), information communication, steering tool control; Underground survey information is uploaded to ground by both-way communication system, directly pass to supervisory control comuter by communication cable or data line, ground monitoring system carries out well track trace analysis, then passes down control instruction to down-hole controlling organization, realizes the real-time monitoring to well track.
Because drilled wellbore trajectories and design borehole track can exist deviation, geologic objective also may change, and therefore, in real brill process, can carry out borehole track adjusted design.When deviation exceeds allowed band or adjusts after borehole track design, the breath (instruction and data) of all must delivering a letter is down controlled the execution of rotary steering mechanism.Due to the interference of various noises, easily there is transmission and decoding error in communication.For the breath that guarantees down to deliver a letter is correctly received and decodes, the information conventionally down-hole being received the decode passes back to ground receiving element again.When back information with under deliver a letter breath when consistent, could determine that down-hole has correctly received the decode down the breath of delivering a letter; When back information and under deliver a letter breath when inconsistent, the breath of must again delivering a letter down.At present, the rate of information throughput of rotary steerable drilling system is also very low, therefore, passes down continually, will have a strong impact on the operating efficiency of rotary steerable drilling system.Under the breath of delivering a letter affect again less borehole track control effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the existing technical problem of prior art; A kind of borehole track design parameters and measurement control point data of prestoring in steering tool are provided, in the time that brill reaches measurement control point, send the signal that is simply easy to identification to Underwell guide tool, parameter measurement is carried out in down-hole, trace analysis calculates and directly generates steering tool control instruction and controls parameter, under reducing, pass information content, improve system reliability, meet better the requirement that downhole intelligent guiding is controlled, improve a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method and the system thereof of rotary steerable drilling system operating efficiency.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of Wellbore trajectory control method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, bores preparation process: carry out drilling tool preparation by shaping-orientation drilling assembly and drill column structure, scene is measured into well drilling tool under steering tool, be pressed into well order drilling tool is numbered and records drilling tool parameter;
Step 2, arranges guiding initialization parameter, and NDS is tested, and whether checking system work is normal, and after test guidance system is normal, way-type drilling unit starts lower brill;
Step 3 gets under drilling tool at the end, is rotated guiding creeps into work by the initialization parameter arranging in step 2; Work, is monitored borehole track simultaneously, and adjusts in real time Track desigh according to the data of monitoring;
Step 4, finishes steerable drilling operation, trips out steering tool.
A kind of new borehole track method for supervising of proposition of the invention, front borehole track design object parameter, pattern number, track node parameter, initial depth and the measurement control point degree of depth of prestoring in steering tool memory and in ground monitoring computer of lower brill, monitoring objective and deviation etc.In the time that ground monitoring brill reaches the measurement control point degree of depth, send the job instruction that is easy to identification to down-hole, down-hole is by the indicated depth data of regular reading command, according to designing a model and track node parameter of the depth data reading, employing, automatically calculate the Track desigh data of corresponding well depth, and measure drilled wellbore trajectories parameter and upload underground survey parameter, orbit monitoring analysis is carried out on down-hole and ground simultaneously.If deviation is less than control target, directly generate control instruction according to the down-hole depth data that prestores, control the action of rotary steerable tool executing agency, ground monitoring system carries out necessary supervision to steering tool.If deviation is greater than control target, can directly carries out orbit adjusting design by down-hole by design constraint, and revise the track node parameter prestoring; Also can carry out orbit adjusting design by ground monitoring system, pass down Track desigh key parameter storage.Only have in the time that geologic objective changes, just must pass down target data or orbit adjusting design key parameter.
At above-mentioned a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method, in described step 2, the concrete steps that guiding initialization parameter is set are as follows:
Step 2.1, arranges borehole track design data: in steering tool, store Well-path Planning Models and designed path node data, comprise well depth, hole angle and azimuth;
Step 2.2, arranges and measures control point: in ground monitoring system and steering tool, press well depth sequential storage simultaneously and measure control point depth data;
Step 2.3, arranges other guiding parameter: steering tool is set and initially controls parameter, steering tool and MWD/LWD survey mark position, deviational survey method for computing data, allow track control deviation and adjust hole curvature.
At above-mentioned a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method, in described step 3, the concrete steps of well being carried out to orbit monitoring are as follows:
Step 3.1, reaches while measuring the control point degree of depth when ground system monitors to bore, and sends and measures control instruction to down-hole, and well bore parameter measurement is carried out in down-hole;
Step 3.2, uploads to ground system by underground survey result parameter, and follow the tracks of and variance analysis drilled wellbore trajectories according to known depth data simultaneously on down-hole and ground;
Step 3.3, calculates steering tool control parameter according to variance analysis result and designed path node data;
Step 3.4, steering tool leads and creeps into by the control parameter calculating, and uploads steering tool operating attitude to ground monitoring system simultaneously;
Step 3.5, under guidance system normal operation, when continuation orientation drill enters next measurement control point, returns to step 3.1;
Step 3.6, if guidance system is not by the action of expection attitude, carries out the comprehensive analysis of system and decision-making, determines lower step operation.
At above-mentioned a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method, in described step 3, the concrete operation step of adjusting in real time Track desigh according to the data of monitoring is as follows:
Step 4.1, in the time that deviation exceeds allowed band, borehole track adjusted design is carried out by adjusted design qualifications automatically in down-hole, and design major parameter is uploaded to ground system is determined:
Step 4.11, chooses and adjusts some position.Choose a bit in former designed path the near distance spot front, spacing is Δ L;
Step 4.12, calculates and adjusts some parameter.Be that Δ L calculates adjustment point hole deviation, orientation and a coordinate according to spacing;
Step 4.13, carries out orbit adjusting design: take accurate adjustment to former designed path as example, carry out orbit adjusting design by tapered plane method model;
According to allowing steering tool deflecting ability K, choose K1≤ K, K2=f (K1);
If K2≤ K, goes to step 4.14; Otherwise, adjust Δ L length, go to step 4.12;
Step 4.14, uploads adjust design parameters: upload orbit adjusting design result data Δ L, K1, K2;
Step 4.15, preserves design result data: down-hole receives ground system to be determined after information, preserves adjusted design result.
Step 4.2, in the time that geologic objective changes, adopts following two kinds of adjusted design modes:
Step 4.21, orbit adjusting design is carried out on ground, and under pass design result parameter;
Step 4.22, underground passes new target data, and adjusted design is carried out in down-hole, and passback design result is confirmed;
Step 4.3, monitors by borehole track adjusted design, and returns to the borehole track monitoring work of carrying out.
At above-mentioned a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method, in described step 3.1, send to measure below control instruction selection execution to down-hole and select steps A or select step B:
Select steps A: simple pointer job instruction: ground and down-hole are by measuring control point depth order storage well depth data, when ground monitoring reaches each measurement control point well depth to brill, send well depth arriving signal to down-hole, down-hole receives after instruction, program is carried out deviational survey operation in accordance with regulations, record deviational survey parameter and corresponding depth measurement data, carry out orbit monitoring analysis and guiding control operation.
Select step B: two pointer job instructions: instruction 1, measure and control basic point pointer, for sending instructions; Instruction 2, measures and controls pass point pointer, and it is optional instruction take the basic point of instruction 1 current indication as starting point.Ground and down-hole are pressed and are measured control point depth order storage well depth data, and basic point is indicated.Measure while controlling basic point well depth when ground monitors to bore to reach, send instruction 1 to down-hole; Measure while controlling pass point well depth when ground monitors to bore to reach, need to determine whether to send to down-hole instruction 2 depending on borehole track control.Down-hole receives after instruction, and program is carried out deviational survey operation in accordance with regulations, records the indicated corresponding depth measurement data of deviational survey parameter and instruction, carries out orbit monitoring analysis and guiding control operation.
At above-mentioned a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method, the concrete operation method of step 3.2 is as follows:
Step 3.21, calculates shaft bottom hole deviation and orientation.Calculate shaft bottom hole angle and azimuth according to the well bore parameter of rotary steerable tool and MWD/LWD two measuring points, rotary steerable tool survey mark from bottom hole spacing and steering tool running parameter;
Step 3.22, deviational survey data are calculated: by deviational survey method for computing data is set, the deviational survey data including the hole deviation parameter calculating in step 3.21 are carried out to drilled wellbore trajectories calculating;
Step 3.23, trajector deviation is analyzed: by scan method is set, designed path is carried out to scanning analysis, obtain the minimum range point on designed path, calculate offset distance, grid deviation, hole deviation and azimuth deviation, vector deviation and the hole curvature deviation data of actual path and designed path.
A system that uses Wellbore trajectory control method, is characterized in that, comprising:
One ground monitoring system: send the work of control instruction control steering tool for real-time collecting underground survey data and according to survey data;
One information is uploaded communication module: for real-time Transmission steering tool and MWD/LWD survey data to ground monitoring system;
One information passes down communication module: the control instruction of sending for real-time Transmission ground monitoring system is to steering tool;
One MWD/LWD steering tool: also these data are uploaded to communication module by information is transferred to ground monitoring system for real-time control measurement downhole data;
One rotary steerable tool: creep into borehole track for guiding.
Therefore, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: borehole track design parameters and measurement control point data prestore in steering tool, in the time that brill reaches measurement control point, send the signal that is simply easy to identification to Underwell guide tool, parameter measurement is carried out in down-hole, trace analysis calculates and directly generates steering tool control instruction and controls parameter, under reducing, passes information content, improves system reliability, meet better the requirement that downhole intelligent guiding is controlled, improve the operating efficiency of rotary steerable drilling system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is workflow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is for design borehole track and measure control point schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
Under given drilling geology target conditions, carry out borehole track design according to rotary steerable tool deflecting ability and drilling technology requirement etc.; In conjunction with bottomhole assembly BHA and drilling parameter, BHA is carried out to mechanical analysis, determine the relation of rotary steerable tool control parameter (thrust or bent angle, tool-face) and bit side force or build angle rate under ideal conditions, the initial value using analysis result or empirical value as rotary steerable tool control parameter; When steering tool creeps into after certain drilling depth, then by the real result of boring, rotary steerable tool control parameter is adjusted, reached the object of automatic control borehole track.
Being rotated guiding take the three-dimensional horizontal well of a bite controls as example, these well design object data: starting point vertical depth 1046.97m, northern coordinate-134.15m, eastern coordinate 2656.86m, terminating point vertical depth 1045.00m, northern coordinate-877.16m, eastern coordinate 2786.80m, horizontal segment length 754.29m, 90.15 ° of hole angles, 170.08 °, azimuth.
Adopt tapered plane designed arc-shaped appearance method, the dark KOP=140.00m of kickoff point (KOP), hole curvature is respectively: K1=3 °/30m, K2=5 °/30m, design segment data is in table 1.
The three-dimensional horizontal well design segment data of table 1
In the present embodiment, rotary steerable drilling system job step is as follows:
(1) under steering tool, bore and prepare
Carry out drilling tool preparation by shaping-orientation drilling assembly and drill column structure.Scene is measured into well drilling tool, is pressed into well order drilling tool is numbered and records drilling tool parameter.
(2) guiding basic data is set
1. borehole track design data is set.In steering tool, store Well-path Planning Models and designed path node data (well depth, hole angle and azimuth).
2. arrange and measure control point.In ground monitoring system and steering tool, press well depth sequential storage simultaneously and measure control point depth data.
Design segment data according to table 1, a kind of measurement control point degree of depth plan of establishment as shown in Figure 3.The first arc section is two-dimentional borehole track, track section node can be set and bore single well depth point for measuring control point; The second arc section is three-dimensional borehole track, and track section node being set and having bored single well depth is large measurement control point, and single is supplemented at 1 is closely spaced measurement control point; To steady lower curved section, can bore column well depth is large measurement control point, middle take single spacing as little measurement control point.
3. other guiding parameter is set.Steering tool is set initially to be controlled parameter, steering tool and MWD/LWD survey mark position, deviational survey method for computing data, allow track control deviation and adjusts hole curvature etc.
(3) system testing and lower brill
Before boring under steering tool, NDS is tested, whether checking system work is normal.Under the drilling tool capable of being combined of the test normal rear of guidance system, bore.
(4) starting guiding creeps into
Under drilling tool, get at the end, be rotated guiding by the initialization parameter arranging and creep into work.
(5) borehole track monitoring
1. reach while measuring the control point degree of depth when ground system monitors to bore, send and measure control instruction to down-hole, well bore parameter measurement is carried out in down-hole.
Measure determining of control point and require as principle to meet track Control Engineering, generally include borehole track design node and bored the single degree of depth for measuring control point.Single as measuring when control point to have bored, when making up a joint, circulation carries out deviational survey whenever suspending, bore as real the foundation that track following and variance analysis are calculated using the static hole deviation parameter that records.Can eliminate like this impact of underground vibrating on measurement result, both can obtain survey data accurately, save again the static measurement time, also can meet the requirement to borehole track control in engineering.
Take two pointer job instructions as example, change well section at direction of deflection, take Track desigh node with has bored single for measurement control basic point; In order to implement meticulousr borehole track control strategy, between changing well section greatly, be single, design hole deviation and orientation can increase measurement control pass point one or two.For long steady tilted section, take column as large measurement control basic point, single in column is little measurement control pass point, according to working control needs, sends instruction and carries out borehole track monitoring, can reduce so lower teletype command.
2. underground survey result parameter is uploaded to ground system, follow the tracks of and variance analysis drilled wellbore trajectories according to known depth data simultaneously on down-hole and ground.
(1) calculate shaft bottom hole deviation and orientation.Calculate shaft bottom hole angle and azimuth according to the well bore parameter of rotary steerable tool and MWD/LWD two measuring points, rotary steerable tool survey mark from bottom hole spacing and steering tool running parameter etc.;
(2) deviational survey data are calculated.By deviational survey method for computing data is set, the deviational survey data the hole deviation parameter calculating are carried out to drilled wellbore trajectories calculating in (1).
(3) trajector deviation analysis.By scan method is set, designed path is carried out to scanning analysis, obtain the minimum range point on designed path, the data such as offset distance, grid deviation, hole deviation and azimuth deviation, vector deviation and the hole curvature deviation of calculating actual path and designed path.
3. calculate steering tool control parameter according to variance analysis result and designed path node data.
4. steering tool leads and creeps into by the control parameter calculating, and uploads steering tool operating attitude to ground monitoring system simultaneously.
5. under guidance system normal operation, when continuation orientation drill enters next measurement control point, return step 1.
If 6. guidance system, not by the action of expection attitude, carries out the comprehensive analysis of system and decision-making, determine lower step operation.
(6) orbit adjusting design
1. in the time that deviation exceeds allowed band, borehole track adjusted design is carried out by adjusted design qualifications automatically in down-hole, and design major parameter is uploaded to ground system is determined.
(1) choose and adjust some position.Choose a bit in former designed path the near distance spot front, spacing is Δ L.
(2) calculate and adjust some parameter.Be that Δ L calculates adjustment point hole deviation, orientation and a coordinate according to spacing.
(3) carry out orbit adjusting design.Take accurate adjustment to former designed path as example, carry out orbit adjusting design by tapered plane method model.
According to allowing steering tool deflecting ability K, choose K1≤ K, K2=f (K1).
If K2≤ K, goes to step (4); Otherwise, adjust Δ L length, go to step (2).
(4) upload adjust design parameters.Upload orbit adjusting design result data Δ L, K1, K2.
(5) preserve design result data.Down-hole receives ground system to be determined after information, preserves adjusted design result.
2. in the time that geologic objective changes, can adopt following two kinds of adjusted design modes.
(1) orbit adjusting design is carried out on ground, and under pass design result parameter.
(2) underground passes new target data, and adjusted design is carried out in down-hole, and passback design result is confirmed.
3. monitor by borehole track adjusted design, go to step (five) 1.
(7) finish steerable drilling operation
In the time that brill reaches re-set target and maybe needs to pull out of hole more the situations such as bit change, finish guiding and creep into, carry out the subsequent jobs such as circulation of drilling fluid and trip-out.
In the present embodiment, the system of the Wellbore trajectory control method of use, comprising:
One ground monitoring system: send the work of control instruction control steering tool for real-time collecting underground survey data and according to survey data;
One information is uploaded communication module: for real-time Transmission steering tool and MWD/LWD survey data to ground monitoring system;
One information passes down communication module: the control instruction of sending for real-time Transmission ground monitoring system is to steering tool;
One MWD/LWD steering tool: also these data are uploaded to communication module by information is transferred to ground monitoring system for real-time control measurement downhole data;
One rotary steerable tool: creep into borehole track for guiding.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a Wellbore trajectory control method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, bores preparation process: carry out drilling tool preparation by composite design drilling tool and drill column structure, scene is measured into well drilling tool under steering tool, be pressed into well order drilling tool is numbered and records drilling tool parameter;
Step 2, arranges guiding initialization parameter, and NDS is tested, and whether checking system work is normal, and after test NDS is normal, way-type drilling unit starts lower brill;
Step 3, gets into behind shaft bottom under drilling tool, is rotated guiding creeps into work by the initialization parameter arranging in step 2; Work, is monitored borehole track simultaneously, and adjusts in real time Track desigh according to the data of monitoring;
Step 4, finishes steerable drilling operation, trips out steering tool;
In step 2, the concrete steps that guiding initialization parameter is set are as follows:
Step 2.1, arranges borehole track design data: in steering tool, store Well-path Planning Models and designed path node data, comprise well depth, hole angle and azimuth;
Step 2.2, arranges and measures control point: in ground monitoring system and steering tool, press well depth sequential storage simultaneously and measure control point depth data;
Step 2.3, arranges other guiding parameter: steering tool is set and initially controls parameter, steering tool and MWD/LWD survey mark position, deviational survey method for computing data, allow track control deviation and adjust hole curvature.
2. a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 3, the concrete steps of well being carried out to orbit monitoring are as follows:
Step 3.1, reaches while measuring the control point degree of depth when ground system monitors to bore, and sends and measures control instruction to down-hole, and well bore parameter measurement is carried out in down-hole;
Step 3.2, uploads to ground system by underground survey result parameter, and follow the tracks of and variance analysis drilled wellbore trajectories according to known depth data simultaneously on down-hole and ground;
Step 3.3, calculates steering tool control parameter according to variance analysis result and designed path node data;
Step 3.4, steering tool leads and creeps into by the control parameter calculating, and uploads steering tool operating attitude to ground monitoring system simultaneously;
Step 3.5, under guidance system normal operation, when continuation orientation drill enters next measurement control point, returns to step 3.1;
Step 3.6, if guidance system is not by the action of expection attitude, carries out the comprehensive analysis of system and decision-making, determines lower step operation.
3. a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 3.1, sends to measure below control instruction selection execution select steps A or select step B to down-hole:
Select steps A: simple pointer job instruction: ground and down-hole are by measuring control point depth order storage well depth data, when ground monitoring reaches each measurement control point well depth to brill, send well depth arriving signal to down-hole, down-hole receives after instruction, program is carried out deviational survey operation in accordance with regulations, record deviational survey parameter and corresponding depth measurement data, carry out orbit monitoring analysis and guiding control operation;
Select step B: two pointer job instructions: instruction 1, measure and control basic point pointer, for sending instructions; Instruction 2, measures and controls pass point pointer, take the basic point of instruction 1 current indication as starting point, for optional instruction, ground and down-hole are pressed and are measured control point depth order storage well depth data, and basic point is indicated, measure while controlling basic point well depth when ground monitors to bore to reach, send instruction 1 to down-hole; When monitoring to bore to reach, ground measures while controlling pass point well depth, need to determine whether to send to down-hole instruction 2 depending on borehole track control, down-hole receives after instruction, program is carried out deviational survey operation in accordance with regulations, record the indicated corresponding depth measurement data of deviational survey parameter and instruction, carry out orbit monitoring analysis and guiding control operation.
4. a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the concrete operation method of step 3.2 is as follows:
Step 3.21, calculates shaft bottom hole deviation and orientation: calculate shaft bottom hole angle and azimuth according to the well bore parameter of rotary steerable tool and MWD/LWD two measuring points, rotary steerable tool survey mark from bottom hole spacing and rotary steerable tool running parameter;
Step 3.22, deviational survey data are calculated: by deviational survey method for computing data is set, the deviational survey data including the hole deviation parameter calculating in step 3.21 are carried out to drilled wellbore trajectories calculating; Step 3.23, trajector deviation is analyzed: by scan method is set, designed path is carried out to scanning analysis, obtain the minimum range point on designed path, calculate offset distance, grid deviation, hole deviation and azimuth deviation, vector deviation and the hole curvature deviation data of actual path and designed path.
5. right to use requires a system for a kind of Wellbore trajectory control method described in 1, it is characterized in that, comprising:
One ground monitoring system: send the work of control instruction control rotary steerable tool for real-time collecting underground survey data and according to survey data;
One information is uploaded communication module: for real-time Transmission rotary steerable tool and MWD/LWD survey data to ground monitoring system;
One information passes down communication module: the control instruction of sending for real-time Transmission ground monitoring system is to rotary steerable tool;
One MWD/LWD steering tool: also these data are uploaded to communication module by information is transferred to ground monitoring system for real-time control measurement downhole data;
One rotary steerable tool: creep into borehole track for guiding.
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