CN102397598A - Compact axial-flow magnetic-levitation artificial heart pump - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供一种紧凑型轴流式磁悬浮人工心脏泵，尤指依靠两个永磁轴承和一个径向磁力轴承混合悬浮，径向磁力轴承与永磁电机共用定、转子的人工心脏泵，其结构是由定子组件，转子组件、前导叶轮和后导叶轮组成，其中：由第一永磁体（9）和右永磁环（14）、第二永磁铁（19）和左永磁环（18）分别组成锥形或轴向永磁轴承，实现转子轴向悬浮支承；电机定子（6）上分别缠绕转矩线圈（5）和悬浮线圈（7），并采用一定的解耦控制算法，使电机定子既产生转矩力，又产生径向悬浮支承力。本发明利用永磁力和电磁力支承转子，有血液破坏小、发热少、结构紧凑、易移植等优点，适于心脏功能衰竭、心脏病患者等，可用于短期或长期心室辅助。

The invention provides a compact axial-flow magnetic levitation artificial heart pump, especially an artificial heart pump that relies on two permanent magnetic bearings and a radial magnetic bearing for mixed suspension, and the radial magnetic bearing and the permanent magnet motor share the stator and rotor. The structure is composed of a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, a leading impeller and a rear impeller, wherein: the first permanent magnet (9) and the right permanent magnet ring (14), the second permanent magnet (19) and the left permanent magnet ring (18 ) form conical or axial permanent magnetic bearings respectively to realize axial suspension support of the rotor; the motor stator (6) is wound with torque coil (5) and suspension coil (7) respectively, and a certain decoupling control algorithm is adopted to make The motor stator not only produces torque force, but also produces radial suspension support force. The invention uses permanent magnetic force and electromagnetic force to support the rotor, has the advantages of less blood damage, less heat generation, compact structure, easy transplantation, etc., is suitable for heart failure, heart disease patients, etc., and can be used for short-term or long-term ventricular assistance.

Description

Compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump

Technical field

The present invention relates to the artificial heart field, particularly relate to a kind of blood pump that taper Permanent-magnet bearing or axial permanent magnetic bearing, magnetic bearing and bearing-free motor is applied to the artificial heart field.

Background technology

Ventricular assist device is the important means that the heart patient earns a bare living.Along with the updating and develop of material, manufacturing process, control and electronic technology, type of drive such as pneumatic, electronic, electric hydraulic pressure have successively appearred in the artificial heart pump, and the blood that is produced is also more near the physiology heart.At present, the artificial heart pump is divided into the type of beating and the non-type of beating from principle.The type pump of beating is suitable for the human physilogical characteristic, because flap valve, elastic diaphragm and bigger vascular capacitance are arranged, its volume is big, and is not implantable, is suitable for the short term therapy of heart transplantation patient transition; The non-type pump volume of beating is little, helps reducing thrombosis, be convenient to carry for a long time, and be current artificial heart pump's main R&D direction therefore.The non-type of beating is divided into centrifugal and axial-flow type again, although the centrifugal pump flow is big, does not need valve, produces nonpulsatile flow through the impeller rotation, and its volume and quality are bigger; And axial-flow pump promotes the blade high speed rotating through motor-driven, thereby produces the blood flow motive force, and the general volume of axial-flow pump is little, and light weight can implant for a long time, and operation wound is little, complication is less relatively.

Application number is in 200710039971.7 the patent documentation " magnetic suspension manual heart pump "; The blood pump rotor adopts two radial magnetic bearing supportings; Axially adopt permanent magnetism supporting and an individual motor to drive the rotor rotation, its axial dimension is longer, and power consumption is big relatively.Application number is in 201110128669.5 the patent documentation " a kind of magnetic suspension manual heart pump "; The blood pump rotor adopts two radial permanent magnet bearing supportings, axially is provided with an axial magnetic bearing at least, adopts individual motor to drive the rotor rotation simultaneously; Size is bigger; Rotor assembly is not an overall structure, has the dead angle, flow field, is prone to form thrombosis.In addition, traditional artificial heart pump's supporting system generally adopts rolling (like ceramic bearing) or sliding bearing, and these bearing common ground are to have friction, all need lubricate and seal, and destroy hemocyte, is prone to produce thrombosis.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump is provided, to overcome the defective that prior art exists.

The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: by stator module, rotor assembly be provided with the housing that blood imports and exports and form.Wherein: stator module is contained in the inner chamber of housing; This stator module comprises seal sleeve; Be contained in first permanent magnet, second permanent magnet and the motor stator between these two permanent magnets on the seal sleeve outer wall, be wound with torque coil and suspended coil on the motor stator; Guide vane wheel and rear guide vane wheel before on the inwall of the two ends of seal sleeve, being equipped with.Rotor assembly is positioned at seal sleeve; It comprises bolster and preceding top guide that is contained in these bolster two ends and back top guide; Impeller before being contained on top guide and the back top guide; And being contained in the right permanent-magnetic clamp on the impeller inwall, left permanent-magnetic clamp and the rotor permanent magnet between these two permanent-magnetic clamps, the axial location of two permanent-magnetic clamps and described two permanent magnets are consistent.

Described rotor assembly can adopt two taper Permanent-magnet bearings and a radial magnetic bearing to suspend and support, and motor stator and the shared stator of radial magnetic bearing stator, but is different excitation coils; Perhaps adopt two axial permanent magnetic bearings and a radial magnetic bearing to suspend and support, and motor stator and the shared stator of radial magnetic bearing stator, but be different excitation coils.

Described two taper Permanent-magnet bearings, each taper Permanent-magnet bearing can be made up of permanent magnet in the stator module and a permanent-magnetic clamp in the corresponding rotor assembly.

Described two axial permanent magnetic bearings, each axial permanent magnetic bearing can be made up of permanent magnet in the stator module and a permanent-magnetic clamp in the corresponding rotor assembly.

Described permanent magnet is a rectangle, fan-shaped or annular, and the permanent magnet quantity of a Permanent-magnet bearing might not equate with the permanent-magnetic clamp quantity in the corresponding rotor assembly.

Described radial magnetic bearing can be made up of rotor permanent magnet, bolster, motor stator and suspended coil jointly.

When described first permanent magnet, second permanent magnet adopt respectively be installed on before on the blade of guide vane wheel and rear guide vane wheel the time, require corresponding right permanent-magnetic clamp, left permanent-magnetic clamp to be contained in respectively before on the inwall of top guide and back top guide.

The present invention is applied to the artificial heart field with Permanent-magnet bearing, magnetic bearing and bearing-free motor, and it avoids the metal covering direct friction through replacing ball with magnetic force, therefore compared with prior art has following main advantage:

(1) owing to adopt permanent magnetism and electromagnetism mix suspending bearing, so bearing need not to lubricate, do not have mechanical wearing and tearing, heating is few, and the running of bearing more steadily, reliably, long service life.

(2) the supporting rotor assembly because the employing bearing-free motor drives and suspends, so compact conformation, axial dimension is short, is easy to implant.Owing to there is not mechanical friction,, can reduce noise simultaneously so need not lubricated and do not need to seal.

(3) directly from the gap of magnetic suspension bearing, flow through owing to blood, thereby avoid blood to receive the extruding and the shearing of ball; Less because of the shearing force that blood receives, erythrocyte is destroyed little, the haemolysis chance is reduced.

(4) because rotor assembly adopts overall structure, dead angle, no flow field is difficult for forming thrombosis.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the installation diagram of a kind of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump (taper Permanent-magnet bearing).

Fig. 2 is the installation diagram of a kind of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump (axial permanent magnetic bearing).

Fig. 3 is a kind of unitary rotor assembly entity sketch map of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump.

Fig. 4 is a kind of stressed sketch map of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump.

Fig. 5 is that a kind of axial permanent magnetic bearing permanent magnet of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump is arranged and the magnetizing direction sketch map.

The taper Permanent-magnet bearing permanent magnet of a kind of compact axial-flow type of Fig. 6 magnetic suspension manual heart pump is arranged and the magnetizing direction sketch map.

Fig. 7 is a kind of radial magnetic bearing and electric machine structure sketch map of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump.

Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a kind of bearing-free motor suspension magnetic and rotating excitation field sketch map of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump.

Among the figure: 1. blood enters the mouth; 2. housing; 3. sealing ring; 4. seal sleeve; 5. torque coil; 6. motor stator; 7. suspended coil; 8. end cap; 9. first permanent magnet; 10. top guide after; 11. blood outlet; 12. wiring outlet; 13. rear guide vane wheel; 14. right permanent-magnetic clamp; 15. bolster; 16. impeller; 17. rotor permanent magnet; 18. left permanent-magnetic clamp; 19. second permanent magnet; 20. preceding guide vane wheel; 21. preceding top guide.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further, but is not limited to following said content.

The invention provides a kind of compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump; Its structure is as shown in Figure 1; This axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump is by stator module, rotor assembly and be provided with the housing that blood imports and exports and form; Wherein: stator module compriseshousing 2,sealing ring 3,seal sleeve 4, motor stator 6 and end cap 8, andtwines torque coil 5 and suspendedcoil 7 on the motor stator 6 respectively.Rotor assembly is made up of precedingtop guide 21, left permanent-magnetic clamp 18,bolster 15, rotorpermanent magnet 17,impeller 16, right permanent-magnetic clamp 14 and backtop guide 10 from left to right successively.

Present embodiment adopts stator module to be loaded in the inner chamber ofhousing 2, is connected with end cap 8, and is sealed by sealingring 3 and 4 pairs of motor stators 6 of seal sleeve,torque coil 5 and suspendedcoil 7, thereby form enclosed cavity.Guide vane wheel 20 and rearguide vane wheel 13 before on the inwall of the two ends ofseal sleeve 4, being equipped with, preceding guide vane wheel also links to each other withhousing 2; The inner chamber of the inwall ofseal sleeve 4 andhousing 2 is formed blood inlet 1, and the rear guide vane wheel is connected on the inwall of end cap 8, and the inner chamber of the inwall of end cap 8 and end cap 8 is formedblood outlet 11.

Rotor assembly adopts two taper Permanent-magnet bearings and the long radial magnetic bearing of axial dimension to suspend and supports, and motor stator and the shared stator of radial magnetic bearing stator, but is different excitation coils, and is as shown in Figure 1; Perhaps also can adopt two axial permanent magnetic bearings and the long radial magnetic bearing of axial dimension to suspend and support, and motor stator and the shared stator of radial magnetic bearing stator, but be different excitation coils, as shown in Figure 2.Each taper Permanent-magnet bearing is to be made up of permanent magnet in the stator module and a permanent-magnetic clamp in the corresponding rotor assembly, and permanent magnet is not limited to rectangle, fan-shaped or annular.Each axial permanent magnetic bearing is to be made up of permanent magnet in the stator module and a permanent-magnetic clamp in the corresponding rotor assembly, and permanent magnet is not limited to rectangle, fan-shaped or annular.Described radial magnetic bearing is made up of rotorpermanent magnet 17,bolster 15, motor stator 6 and suspendedcoil 7 jointly.

Rotor assembly assembling back is a monolithic construction, and its entity is as shown in Figure 3, and rotor assembly is positioned inseal sleeve 4, precedingguide vane wheel 20 and the rearguide vane wheel 13, does not have the machinery contact.The suspension stressing conditions of rotor assembly is as shown in Figure 4:F_EmBe the electromagnetic force of radial magnetic bearing,F_PmBe the permanent magnetism power of Permanent-magnet bearing generation,F_xWithF_zBe respectivelyF_PmxThe axle withzThe component of axle provides at thisXozPlanar force analysis,YozThe plane stressing conditions withXozThe plane is identical.When receiving a perturbed force, rotor assembly is moved to the left a left sideF_zIncrease the right sideF_zReduce, it makes a concerted effort to force rotor assembly to get back to the equilbrium position.With moving right a left sideF_zReduce the right sideF_zIncrease, it makes a concerted effort to force rotor assembly to be moved to the left, and gets back to the equilbrium position.When adopting the axial permanent magnetic bearing,F_xLess.

Guide vane wheel 20 plays supercharging with rearguide vane wheel 13, suppresses effects such as backflow and water conservancy diversion before said.

Top guide 21 and backtop guide 10 before present embodiment rotor assembly is connected bybolster 15, and mountedimpeller 16 onpro-top guide 21 and theback top guide 10, and require to comprise at least on the impeller blade more than 1.Two permanent-magnetic clamps (right permanent-magnetic clamp 14, left permanent-magnetic clamp 18) are installed respectively onimpeller 16 inwalls; The axial location of two permanent-magnetic clamps and two permanent magnets (firstpermanent magnet 9, second permanent magnet 19) are consistent; As shown in Figure 2, the quantity of said permanent-magnetic clamp and permanent magnet is not limited to 1.Utilize firstpermanent magnet 9 and right permanent-magnetic clamp 14, secondpermanent magnet 19 and left permanent-magnetic clamp 18 to form two axial permanent magnetic bearings (Fig. 2, Fig. 5) respectively, thereby restrict rotor move axially.The layout and the magnetizing direction of axial permanent magnetic bearing permanent magnet are as shown in Figure 5; The permanent magnet magnetization direction can adopt radially or axial magnetized, and arrow points is the N utmost point, but requires rotor identical with the stator direction of magnetization; Like the rotor periphery is the S utmost point, and then the stator periphery also is the S utmost point.

Before firstpermanent magnet 9, secondpermanent magnet 19 adopt and are installed on the blade ofguide vane wheel 20 and rearguide vane wheel 13 time; Require corresponding right permanent-magnetic clamp 14, left permanent-magnetic clamp 18 to be contained in respectively on the inwall of precedingtop guide 21 and backtop guide 10; As shown in Figure 1, the quantity of said permanent-magnetic clamp and permanent magnet is not limited to 1.At this moment; Utilize firstpermanent magnet 9 and right permanent-magnetic clamp 14, secondpermanent magnet 19 and left permanent-magnetic clamp 18 to form two taper Permanent-magnet bearings (Fig. 1, Fig. 6) respectively; Thereby realize rotor assembly is carried out the axial suspension supporting and restrict rotor moves axially, simultaneously to aiding support radially.The layout and the magnetizing direction of taper Permanent-magnet bearing permanent magnet are as shown in Figure 6, and the permanent magnet magnetization direction adopts diametrical magnetization, the arrow points N utmost point.Like the rotor periphery is the N utmost point, and then the rotor inner headed face requires to be the S utmost point, and this moment, stator was just in time opposite with the rotor direction of magnetization.Also can adopt the rotor cylindrical is the S utmost point, and circle is the N utmost point in the rotor.

The present embodiment rotor assembly is by the bearing-free motor driven in rotation, and the rotating speed ofimpeller 16 is regulated according to required flow of blood and pressure.The motor practical implementation is following: produce motor gas-gap magnetic field by constant rotorpermanent magnet 17; Ontorque coil 5, load simultaneously certain frequency (50Hz for example; This frequency is determined by rotating speed) electric current; And adopt rotor field-oriented control that the torque force of motor and radial suspension force are carried out decoupling zero control, thereby realize the stable suspersion of motor rotation and radial magnetic bearing.

Rotorpermanent magnet 17 is contained in (near the centre position) on the impeller inwall; Rotorpermanent magnet 17 is made up of the fan-shaped permanent magnet of 4 certain-lengths (like 18mm), 90 degree; And require the magnetic pole of these 4 permanent magnet peripheries to arrange, like Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9 by NSNS.Rotorpermanent magnet 17,bolster 15, motor stator 6 and the suspendedcoil 7 common radial magnetic bearings of forming, like Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, thus the restrict rotor radial motion.Because whole rotor assembly is shorter, the radial magnetic bearing axial dimension is bigger, and therefore a radial magnetic bearing can satisfy the radial suspension supporting fully.

The field pole logarithm that suspendedcoil 7 on motor stator 6 andtorque coil 5 produce subtract each other equal ± 1, certain decoupling zero control algolithm capable of using makes motor stator can produce the torque force of rotation, can produce the radial support suspending power again.Said decoupling zero control algolithm is meant through corresponding Rotating Transition of Coordinate, through 2/3 conversion, finally obtains the control electric current oftorque coil 5 and the control electric current of suspendedcoil 7 again.Its suspension magnetic and rotating excitation field are as shown in Figure 9: suppose that rotor assembly receives a perturbed force (radial force) to left movement; Give left and right sides suspendedcoil 7 galvanizations, subtract each other at left magnetic pole in the electromagnetic field of its generation and permanent magnet bias magnetic field, in right magnetic pole addition; The electromagnetic force that therefore right magnetic pole produces is greater than the left side; It is made a concerted effort to the right, so rotor will move right, and gets back to the equilbrium position.When in like manner moving right, it is just in time opposite that institute adds electric current.

Gapped between saidseal sleeve 4 and theimpeller 16, this gap can not be too big, otherwise the suspension supporting force can be too little, as to get monolateral air gap be 0.3mm, but be not limited to this value.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, be provided withwiring outlet 12 at right-hand member place near this housing, it is used for drawing of line related and control line, and requires to do certain encapsulation process.

Above-mentioned compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump, it all adopts medical material (like rustless steel or titanium alloy) to process with the part that blood contacts with human body, and surface coverage biological coating (like heparinization).

Compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump provided by the invention; Its work process is: utilize motor-drivenimpeller 16 rotations of being made up oftorque coil 5, motor stator 6 and rotorpermanent magnet 17; Thereby produce the blood flow motive force, make blood produce thrust; This moment, blood flowed into magnetic suspension manual heart pump by blood inlet 1, and blood menses liquid outlet vertically 2 under the thrust of impeller is flowed out in the pump, thereby realizes blood-pumping function.Rotor assembly is by two tapers or axial permanent magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing suspension supporting that axial dimension is long; The Permanent-magnet bearing restrict rotor moves axially; The radial magnetic bearing restrict rotor moves radially (because rotor assembly is shorter; And radial magnetic bearing has certain length, and therefore a radial magnetic bearing can realize that fully overall diameter is to the supporting that suspends), thus the 5DOF of realizing rotor assembly suspends entirely.

Above-mentioned compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump provided by the invention; It utilizes permanent magnetism power and electromagnetic force supporting rotor; Have that Blood damage is little, heating less, compact conformation, be prone to advantage such as transplantings, be suitable for cardiac failure, cardiac etc., can be used for short-term or long-term ventricle is assisted.

Claims (7)

1. compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump; It is characterized in that by stator module, rotor assembly and be provided with the housing that blood imports and exports forming; Wherein: stator module is contained in the inner chamber of housing (2); This stator module comprises seal sleeve (4); Be contained in first permanent magnet (9), second permanent magnet (19) and the motor stator (6) between these two permanent magnets on seal sleeve (4) outer wall, be wound with torque coil (5) and suspended coil (7) on the motor stator (6); Preceding guide vane wheel (20) and rear guide vane wheel (13) is housed on the two ends inwall of seal sleeve (4); Rotor assembly is positioned at seal sleeve (4); Preceding top guide (21) and back top guide (10) that it comprises bolster (15) and is contained in these bolster two ends; Be contained in the impeller (16) on preceding top guide (21) and the back top guide (10); And being contained in the right permanent-magnetic clamp (14) on the impeller inwall, left permanent-magnetic clamp (18) and the rotor permanent magnet (17) between these two permanent-magnetic clamps, the axial location of two permanent-magnetic clamps and described two permanent magnets are consistent.

2. compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: rotor assembly adopts two taper Permanent-magnet bearings and a radial magnetic bearing to suspend and supports; And motor stator and the shared stator of radial magnetic bearing stator, but be different excitation coils; Perhaps adopt two axial permanent magnetic bearings and a radial magnetic bearing to suspend and support, and motor stator and the shared stator of radial magnetic bearing stator, but be different excitation coils.

3. compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump according to claim 2 is characterized in that described two taper Permanent-magnet bearings, and each taper Permanent-magnet bearing is to be made up of permanent magnet in the stator module and a permanent-magnetic clamp in the corresponding rotor assembly.

4. compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump according to claim 2 is characterized in that described two axial permanent magnetic bearings, and each axial permanent magnetic bearing is to be made up of permanent magnet in the stator module and a permanent-magnetic clamp in the corresponding rotor assembly.

5. according to claim 3 or 4 described compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pumps, it is characterized in that described permanent magnet is a rectangle, fan-shaped or annular.

6. compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump according to claim 2 is characterized in that described radial magnetic bearing is made up of rotor permanent magnet (17), bolster (15), motor stator (6) and suspended coil (7) jointly.

7. compact axial-flow type magnetic suspension manual heart pump according to claim 1; It is characterized in that when first permanent magnet (9), second permanent magnet (19) adopt on the blade that is installed on preceding guide vane wheel (20) and rear guide vane wheel (13) respectively, requiring corresponding right permanent-magnetic clamp (14), left permanent-magnetic clamp (18) to be contained in respectively on the inwall of preceding top guide (21) and back top guide (10).

Images