CN102215068A - Wireless automatic navigation system based on visible light communication - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种自动导览系统，尤其是一种基于可见光通信的自动导览系统，属于多媒体信息传输及播放的技术领域。The invention relates to an automatic navigation system, in particular to an automatic navigation system based on visible light communication, and belongs to the technical field of multimedia information transmission and playback.
背景技术Background technique
无线自动导览系统能为用户方便地提供高质量的个性化资讯和服务，具有很高的实用价值，尤其适合应用于大型场馆、复杂环境或信息密度高的场合。无线自动导览系统涉及计算机、无线通信、定位、多媒体和信息数据库等技术，如何开发优质的服务资源，并把高质量的信息和服务方便、准确地送达用户终端是此类系统开发的关键。在实现导览的过程中首先要对用户进行定位，获得用户所在位置的环境信息。通常这需要在被识别物附近安装一个无线标签，不同被识别物的标签发射不同的识别信息；每个无线标签每隔一定时间即自动向外发射一次信息，用户终端的接收模块始终处于接收状态。当用户携带的终端经过一个被识别物的标签时，就会接收到对应该被识别物的识别编码，终端自动将该编码加载到用户终端程序中，无需任何手工操作。The wireless automatic navigation system can provide users with high-quality personalized information and services conveniently, and has high practical value, especially suitable for large venues, complex environments or occasions with high information density. Wireless automatic navigation system involves technologies such as computer, wireless communication, positioning, multimedia and information database. How to develop high-quality service resources and deliver high-quality information and services to user terminals conveniently and accurately is the key to the development of this type of system. . In the process of realizing the navigation, the user must first be positioned to obtain the environmental information of the user's location. Usually, this requires installing a wireless tag near the object to be identified, and the tags of different objects to be identified emit different identification information; each wireless tag automatically transmits information at regular intervals, and the receiving module of the user terminal is always in the receiving state . When the terminal carried by the user passes the label of an identified object, it will receive the identification code corresponding to the identified object, and the terminal will automatically load the code into the user terminal program without any manual operation.
传统的无线自动导览系统一般结合嵌入式技术与射频标签识别（RFID）、蓝牙（Bluetooth）等无线通信技术，在用户终端建立关于导览场景的文字、图片、语音、视频介绍的信息数据库，提供面向用户的访问服务。但是，传统的无线自动导览系统存在如下缺点：首先，无论采用与电力线结合或者直接使用电池供电的方案，射频标签等都需要额外的电力布线或者电池维护、更换工作，会极大地增加系统电源布局、管理的难度及成本；其次，射频标签的定位主要基于复杂的无线定位算法，在诸如博物馆、展览馆等被识别物密度较高的场合，当前许多定位算法的定位精度尚难以保证；最后，射频标签无法在对电磁干扰有严格限制的场合使用。The traditional wireless automatic guide system generally combines embedded technology with radio frequency tag identification (RFID), Bluetooth (Bluetooth) and other wireless communication technologies to establish an information database of text, pictures, voice, and video introductions about the navigation scene on the user terminal. Provide user-oriented access services. However, the traditional wireless automatic navigation system has the following disadvantages: First, regardless of the combination with the power line or the direct use of battery power, the radio frequency tags require additional power wiring or battery maintenance and replacement, which will greatly increase the system power. The difficulty and cost of layout and management; secondly, the positioning of radio frequency tags is mainly based on complex wireless positioning algorithms. In places with high density of identified objects such as museums and exhibition halls, the positioning accuracy of many current positioning algorithms is still difficult to guarantee; finally , RF tags cannot be used in occasions with strict restrictions on electromagnetic interference.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中存在的不足，提供一种基于可见光通信的无线自动导览系统，其结构紧凑，安装使用方便，适用范围广，定位精度高，抗干扰能力强，安全可靠。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a wireless automatic navigation system based on visible light communication, which has compact structure, convenient installation and use, wide application range, high positioning accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, safe and reliable .
按照本发明提供的技术方案，所述可见光通信的无线自动导览系统，包括可见光发射机及带有光电二极管的移动终端，所述移动终端与可见光发射机以可见光通信方式无线连接；所述可见光发射机向移动终端发射具有身份识别信息的可见光信号，移动终端通过光电二极管接收所述可见光信号；移动终端对所述可见光信号进行识别确认匹配后，输出移动终端内存储与身份识别信息相对应的导览信息。According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the wireless automatic navigation system for visible light communication includes a visible light transmitter and a mobile terminal with a photodiode, and the mobile terminal and the visible light transmitter are wirelessly connected by means of visible light communication; the visible light The transmitter transmits a visible light signal with identification information to the mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal receives the visible light signal through a photodiode; after the mobile terminal identifies and confirms the matching of the visible light signal, it outputs the corresponding identification information stored in the mobile terminal. Tour information.
所述移动终端包括光电接收机，所述光电接收机包括光电二极管；光电接收机的输出端通过解码器与播放器相连，所述解码器对光电接收机接收的可见光信号进行识别后，播放器播放移动终端内存储相应的导览信息。The mobile terminal includes a photoelectric receiver, and the photoelectric receiver includes a photodiode; the output end of the photoelectric receiver is connected to the player through a decoder, and after the decoder identifies the visible light signal received by the photoelectric receiver, the player Corresponding navigation information is stored in the playing mobile terminal.
所述光电接收机包括光电接收电路，所述光电接收电路包括光电二极管，光电接收电路的输出端与自适应放大电路相连，自适应放大电路通过滤波电路与接收数据电路相连，所述接收数据电路将可见光信号转换后输入到解码器内。The photoelectric receiver includes a photoelectric receiving circuit, the photoelectric receiving circuit includes a photodiode, the output end of the photoelectric receiving circuit is connected with an adaptive amplifier circuit, and the adaptive amplifier circuit is connected with a receiving data circuit through a filter circuit, and the receiving data circuit The visible light signal is converted and input to the decoder.
所述可见光发射机通过串口通信或USB通信方式向移动终端发送可见光信号。The visible light transmitter sends visible light signals to the mobile terminal through serial communication or USB communication.
所述可见光发射机通过曼彻斯特码或归零码的编码方式发射可见光信号。The visible light transmitter transmits a visible light signal through Manchester code or return-to-zero code encoding.
所述可见光发射机包括电源管理模块，所述电源管理模块分别与识别信息发生模块、亮度控制模块及LED发射电路的电源端相连；所述识别信息发生模块将具有身份识别信息的可见光信号通过亮度控制模块及LED发射电路向外发送输出。The visible light transmitter includes a power management module, and the power management module is respectively connected to the identification information generation module, the brightness control module and the power supply end of the LED emission circuit; the identification information generation module passes the visible light signal with identification information through the brightness The control module and the LED transmitting circuit send output to the outside.
所述光电二极管采用P-I-N型光电二极管或者雪崩型光电二极管。The photodiode is a P-I-N photodiode or an avalanche photodiode.
所述移动终端输出的导览信息包括安全出口、参观路线、周边展区分布情况、休息服务区、洗手间位置及当前所在位置；移动终端通过文字、表格、图片、语音或视频输出相应的导览信息。The guide information output by the mobile terminal includes safety exits, visiting routes, distribution of surrounding exhibition areas, rest service area, toilet location and current location; the mobile terminal outputs corresponding guide information through text, tables, pictures, voice or video .
所述电源管理模块将220V的交流电转换为12V或16V的直流电。The power management module converts 220V AC power into 12V or 16V DC power.
所述识别信息发生模块包括微处理器，所述微处理器采用单片机、ARM、DSP或FPGA。The identification information generating module includes a microprocessor, and the microprocessor adopts a single-chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP or FPGA.
本发明的优点：可见光发射机内的识别信息发生模块通过亮度控制模块及LED发射电路向外发射具有身份识别信息的可见光信号，移动终端位于相应可见光发射机发出可见光信号的范围内时，移动终端通过光电二极管接收信号，并通过相应解码器进行解码确认，当可见光信号与解码器内的相应相匹配时，移动终端内的导览信息通过播放器输出，达到了无线定位和自动导览的功能，安装使用方便，降低导览定位成本，定位精度高，抗干扰能力强，适用范围广，节能环保，科学合理，安全可靠。Advantages of the present invention: the identification information generating module in the visible light transmitter emits a visible light signal with identity identification information through the brightness control module and the LED transmitting circuit, and when the mobile terminal is located within the range of the visible light signal emitted by the corresponding visible light transmitter, the mobile terminal The signal is received by the photodiode and decoded and confirmed by the corresponding decoder. When the visible light signal matches the corresponding one in the decoder, the guide information in the mobile terminal is output through the player, achieving the functions of wireless positioning and automatic guide. , easy to install and use, reduce the cost of navigation positioning, high positioning accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, wide application range, energy saving and environmental protection, scientific and reasonable, safe and reliable.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明使用状态的结构框图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the use state of the present invention.
图2为本发明可见光发射机与光电接收机的连接结构框图。Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the connection structure between the visible light transmitter and the photoelectric receiver of the present invention.
图3为本发明移动终端的信号处理流程图。Fig. 3 is a flow chart of signal processing of the mobile terminal of the present invention.
图4是耦合识别信息的脉冲宽度调制输出信号示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pulse width modulated output signal coupled with identification information.
图5是光发射机和光接收机调制信号测量结果示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of measurement results of modulation signals of an optical transmitter and an optical receiver.
图6是可见光传输距离和带宽测试结果示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of visible light transmission distance and bandwidth test results.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments.
如图1~图3所示：为了能够实现更方便的无线自动导览，本发明包括可见光发射机，所述可见光发射机无线向外发射具有相应身份识别信息的可见光信号，可见光发射机与移动终端相对应配合。移动终端带有光电二极管，移动终端通过光电二极管接收具有身份识别信息的可见光信号，移动终端对接收的可见光信号进行解码及识别后，输出移动终端内存储相应的导览信息，导览信息包括安全出口、参观路线、周边展区分布情况、休息服务区、洗手间位置及当前所在位置；移动终端通过文字、表格、图片、语音或视频输出相应的导览信息。As shown in Figures 1 to 3: in order to achieve more convenient wireless automatic navigation, the present invention includes a visible light transmitter, which wirelessly transmits a visible light signal with corresponding identification information to the outside, and the visible light transmitter communicates with the mobile Terminals match accordingly. The mobile terminal has a photodiode. The mobile terminal receives the visible light signal with identification information through the photodiode. After the mobile terminal decodes and recognizes the received visible light signal, it outputs the corresponding guide information stored in the mobile terminal. The guide information includes security information. Exit, visiting route, distribution of surrounding exhibition areas, rest service area, toilet location and current location; mobile terminal outputs corresponding guide information through text, form, picture, voice or video.
为了实现上述导览功能，可见光发射机包括电源管理模块，所述电源管理模块的电源输出端分别与识别信息发生模块、亮度控制模块及LED发射电路的电源端相连。其中，电源管理模块利用原有照明系统的电力线，根据不同的LED阵列排列方式以及照明功率，将220V AC转换为相应的12V或16V DC，为可见光发射机内部提供稳定的驱动电源。同时辅以滤波电路以及浪涌抑制器等保护电路，减小电网系统对光发射机的影响，提高LED发射电路的可靠性。电源管理模块利用原有的照明系统的电力线后，不用再相应的导览场所内增加新的电源连接方式，安装使用方便，同时能够降低导览成本。In order to realize the above navigation function, the visible light transmitter includes a power management module, and the power output terminals of the power management module are respectively connected to the power supply terminals of the identification information generating module, the brightness control module and the LED transmitting circuit. Among them, the power management module uses the power line of the original lighting system to convert 220V AC into corresponding 12V or 16V DC according to different LED array arrangements and lighting power, so as to provide a stable driving power for the visible light transmitter. At the same time, it is supplemented with protection circuits such as filter circuits and surge suppressors to reduce the impact of the power grid system on the optical transmitter and improve the reliability of the LED transmission circuit. After the power management module utilizes the power line of the original lighting system, there is no need to add a new power connection method in the corresponding guide place, which is easy to install and use, and can reduce the cost of the guide.
所述识别信息发生模块通过微处理器发送不同被识别物特定的识别信息；微处理器将导览场所内相应的位置设置相应的识别信息，从而移动终端进入该位置后，能够识别相应的信息。微处理器可以是单片机，也可以是DSP（Digital Signal Processor）、ARM （Advanced RISC Machine）、FPGA （Field Programmable Gate Array）等嵌入式运算单元。识别信息发生模块输出的识别信息包括识别码和冗余码，也可以包括其他数据编码。识别码同被识别物具有一一对应的关系，在识别码表和冗余码表中具有唯一性，冗余码为系统提供错误检查的能力。为了避免数据中出现连‘0’的情况，可采用曼彻斯特码或者归零码等编码方式。The identification information generation module sends identification information specific to different identified objects through the microprocessor; the microprocessor sets corresponding identification information at the corresponding position in the navigation site, so that the mobile terminal can identify the corresponding information after entering the position . The microprocessor can be a single-chip microcomputer, or it can be an embedded computing unit such as DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ARM (Advanced RISC Machine), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The identification information output by the identification information generation module includes identification codes and redundant codes, and may also include other data codes. The identification code has a one-to-one correspondence with the object to be identified, and is unique in the identification code table and the redundant code table, and the redundant code provides the system with the ability to check for errors. In order to avoid continuous '0' in the data, encoding methods such as Manchester code or return-to-zero code can be used.
所述亮度控制模块通过接收微处理器耦合识别信息和脉冲宽度调制参数，并输出信号联接至LED发射电路信号输入端，达到同时兼顾调节LED发光亮度和发送识别信息的功能。例如采用周期为1ms的脉冲宽度调制信号作为载波，脉冲宽度调制为空时发送识别信息。三种不同的脉冲宽度调制输出信号值如图4所示：其中（a）显示的脉冲宽度调制输出占空比为80%。也就是说，信号在1个单位周期内的80％时间有输出，另外20%的时间为关闭；图（b）和（c）分别显示50％和20％占空比的脉冲宽度调制输出模拟信号值。脉冲宽度调制信号的周期时间越长，则意味着单位时间内发送的数据包个数越少，但这个周期时间是有限制的，它必须保证有足够长的时间发送数据包，同时应控制LED的闪烁频率在人眼接受范围内。The brightness control module receives the microprocessor coupling identification information and pulse width modulation parameters, and connects the output signal to the signal input terminal of the LED transmitting circuit, so as to simultaneously adjust the LED luminous brightness and send identification information. For example, a pulse width modulation signal with a period of 1 ms is used as a carrier, and identification information is sent when the pulse width modulation is empty. Three different pulse width modulation output signal values are shown in Figure 4: where (a) shows a pulse width modulation output duty cycle of 80%. That is, the signal is on for 80% of the time in 1 unit period, and off for the other 20% of the time; Figures (b) and (c) show PWM output simulations with 50% and 20% duty cycles, respectively signal value. The longer the cycle time of the pulse width modulation signal, it means that the number of data packets sent per unit time is less, but this cycle time is limited, it must ensure that there is enough time to send data packets, and the LED should be controlled at the same time The flicker frequency is within the acceptable range of human eyes.
所述 LED发射电路使用可见光作为载体，将调制信息发射出去，兼顾有照明和广播通信的双重功能。LED是电流驱动器件，其亮度和正向电流成正比，因此一般采用三极管、跨导放大器或者专用的LED（Light Emitting Diode）恒电流驱动芯片等器件实现对LED的驱动功能。以三极管共射极电路为例，将调制信号连接至三极管的基极，LED串联在三极管的射极上，使得流经LED的电流带有调制信号，这样就可以简单的驱动LED发射带有调制信号的可见光。LED光源发出的为非相干光，无法提供稳定的载波，因而目前VLC（Visible Light Communication）链路主要采用光强调制（IM）和直接检测（DD）的方法，通信链路选择直射式数据连接。The LED transmitting circuit uses visible light as a carrier to transmit modulation information, taking into account the dual functions of lighting and broadcasting communication. LED is a current-driven device, and its brightness is proportional to the forward current. Therefore, devices such as triodes, transconductance amplifiers, or dedicated LED (Light Emitting Diode) constant current drive chips are generally used to drive LEDs. Taking the triode common emitter circuit as an example, the modulation signal is connected to the base of the triode, and the LED is connected in series to the emitter of the triode, so that the current flowing through the LED has a modulation signal, so that the LED can be easily driven to emit with modulation signal of visible light. The LED light source emits incoherent light, which cannot provide a stable carrier. Therefore, the current VLC (Visible Light Communication) link mainly adopts the method of light intensity modulation (IM) and direct detection (DD), and the communication link chooses direct data connection. .
可见光发射机通过串口通信或USB（Universal Serial BUS）通信方式将可见光信号无线向外发射，以便移动终端进入相应的发射区域内时能够无线接收。The visible light transmitter transmits the visible light signal wirelessly through serial port communication or USB (Universal Serial BUS) communication, so that the mobile terminal can receive it wirelessly when it enters the corresponding transmission area.
所述移动终端包括光电接收机，所述光电接收机内包括用于接收可见光信号的光电二极管，所述光电接收机接收可见光信号后，通过对可见光信号的初步处理后输入到解码器内，所述解码器对可见光信号内包含的身份信息，也即是识别码和冗余码进行识别对照，当接收的可见光信号内保护的身份信息与解码器内存储相应的识别码对应后，解码器将相应的识别信号输出到播放器，播放器播放移动终端内预先存储的导览信息，游人通过观看播放器内播放出的导览信息实现自动导览。播放器播放导览信息的形式可以通过相应的选择输出，满足不同的输出要求。The mobile terminal includes a photoelectric receiver, and the photoelectric receiver includes a photodiode for receiving visible light signals. After the photoelectric receiver receives the visible light signal, it is input to the decoder after preliminary processing of the visible light signal. The decoder identifies and compares the identity information contained in the visible light signal, that is, the identification code and the redundant code. When the identity information protected in the received visible light signal corresponds to the corresponding identification code stored in the decoder, the decoder will The corresponding identification signal is output to the player, and the player plays the guide information pre-stored in the mobile terminal, and the visitor realizes the automatic guide by watching the guide information played in the player. The form in which the player plays the guide information can be output through corresponding selections to meet different output requirements.
如图2所示：带有光电二极管的光电接收机通过光电二极管接收带有调制信息的可见光并转化为电信号，经过对电信号的放大、滤波、解调等处理之后生成相应的数字信号。光电接收机主要包括光电接收电路、自适应放大电路、滤波电路和接收数据电路。其中，光电接收电路使用P-I-N（P型掺杂－本征－N型掺杂）型光电二极管，也可以使用雪崩型光电二极管，连接跨阻放大器将光信号转为电压信号；自适应放大电路：将跨阻放大器的输出信号进一步放大； 滤波电路：减小电路中的噪声干扰；接收数据电路：将模拟信号转换为数字信号，其输出端联结至解码器的信号输入端。As shown in Figure 2: a photoelectric receiver with a photodiode receives visible light with modulation information through the photodiode and converts it into an electrical signal, and generates a corresponding digital signal after amplifying, filtering, and demodulating the electrical signal. The photoelectric receiver mainly includes a photoelectric receiving circuit, an adaptive amplifier circuit, a filter circuit and a data receiving circuit. Among them, the photoelectric receiving circuit uses P-I-N (P-type doping-intrinsic-N-type doping) photodiodes, or avalanche photodiodes can be used to connect transimpedance amplifiers to convert optical signals into voltage signals; adaptive amplification circuit: Further amplify the output signal of the transimpedance amplifier; Filter circuit: reduce the noise interference in the circuit; Receive data circuit: convert the analog signal into a digital signal, and its output terminal is connected to the signal input terminal of the decoder.
如图3所示：解码器通过相应的解码微处理器对接收到的数字信号进行解码。解码器的解码流程为：首先将接收数据电路发送的数字信号根据编码方式还原成原码，再将原码对比解码器内预设的对比识别码表，比对相应的原码是否在对比识别码表内；如果原码不在对比识别码表内，则直接解码结束，如果原码在对比识别码表内时，再次对冗余码表，判断识别码是否和冗余码相匹配，当与冗余码表内相匹配时，将相应的识别信息输出到播放器内，由播放器输出相应的导览信息；当与冗余码表不匹配时，直接结束解码过程，等待下一次解码的过程。As shown in Figure 3: the decoder decodes the received digital signal through the corresponding decoding microprocessor. The decoding process of the decoder is as follows: firstly, the digital signal sent by the receiving data circuit is restored to the original code according to the encoding method, and then the original code is compared with the preset comparison identification code table in the decoder, and the corresponding original code is compared and identified. code table; if the original code is not in the comparison identification code table, then the direct decoding ends, if the original code is in the comparison identification code table, check the redundant code table again to judge whether the identification code matches the redundant code, when it matches with the redundant code table When the redundant code table matches, the corresponding identification information is output to the player, and the player outputs the corresponding navigation information; when it does not match the redundant code table, the decoding process is directly ended and the next decoding is awaited. process.
播放器为多媒体播放器，播放器内设有侦听通信接口，通过侦听通信接口实时检测解码器发送的解码确认身份识别信息，当侦听通信接口发现有身份识别信息输入后，播放器查找相应的数据库，数据库内存储有相应的导览信息，查找到相应的导览信息后，通过显示屏等输出，实现自动导览。The player is a multimedia player, and the player is equipped with a listening communication interface. Through the listening communication interface, the decoding and confirmation identification information sent by the decoder is detected in real time. When the listening communication interface finds that the identification information is input, the player searches The corresponding database stores corresponding navigation information in the database. After the corresponding navigation information is found, it is output through the display screen to realize automatic navigation.
对用以实现可见光通信的可见光发射机和移动终端进行硬件测试，验证其收发通路是否正常实现。采用谐波频率为1 MHz的正弦波作为可见光发射机的输入信号，测量结果如图5所示，其中通道1（CH1）为发射机输入信号，通道2（CH2）为接收机输出端信号。由图5可以看出，使用可见光为载体的光信号能被正确地调制和接收，可符合系统的设计要求。Carry out hardware tests on the visible light transmitter and mobile terminal used to realize visible light communication, and verify whether the transceiver channel is normally implemented. A sine wave with a harmonic frequency of 1 MHz is used as the input signal of the visible light transmitter. The measurement results are shown in Figure 5, where channel 1 (CH1) is the input signal of the transmitter, and channel 2 (CH2) is the output signal of the receiver. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the optical signal using visible light as the carrier can be correctly modulated and received, which can meet the design requirements of the system.
对不同频率的正弦波信号测试其随距离的衰减特性，验证本系统的有效传输距离和带宽。在发射电路功率一定的情况下（3瓦），改变移动终端与可见光发射机的间距，测量信号输出的幅值，结果如图6所示。可以看出，此小发射功率（3瓦）下有效传输距离大于70厘米，系统带宽约3 MHz，可满足系统的设计要求。在实际应用场景中，可通过灵活改变发射功率和亮度调节部件中的脉冲宽度调制参数以达到调节有效传输距离和照明亮度的双重功能。Test the attenuation characteristics of sine wave signals with different frequencies to verify the effective transmission distance and bandwidth of the system. When the power of the transmitting circuit is constant (3 watts), the distance between the mobile terminal and the visible light transmitter is changed, and the amplitude of the signal output is measured. The results are shown in Figure 6. It can be seen that the effective transmission distance is greater than 70 cm and the system bandwidth is about 3 MHz under this small transmit power (3 watts), which can meet the design requirements of the system. In practical application scenarios, the dual functions of adjusting the effective transmission distance and illumination brightness can be achieved by flexibly changing the transmit power and the pulse width modulation parameters in the brightness adjustment component.
如图1~图3所示：使用时，在需要进行自动导览的场所位置安装可见光发射机，可见光发射机的电源布线利用场所位置的原有布线结构，可见光发射机内的LED发射电路可以作为场所内的照明装置，从而能够降低导览和照明所需要的成本。可见光发射机内的电源管理模块将220V交流电转换为12V或16V的直流电，识别信息发生模块根据所需导览的位置进行相应编码，并将相应的编码信息通过亮度控制模块及LED发射电路向外发射。移动终端内预先设置了相应的解码表及与所述解码表相对应的导览信息，导览信息以文字、图表、视频或音频的形式存储于移动终端内。导览时，相关人员拿持移动终端在场所内，当移动终端在场所内移动到相应位置且位于相应可见光发射机发出的可见光信号范围时，移动终端通过光电二极管接收相应的信号，光电接收机将相应的可见光信号进行相应处理并转换为数字信号，并将数字信号输入到解码器中。由解码器对数字信号进行解码，当解码后得到的相应身份识别信息被确认后，移动终端内的播放器播放预先存储的导览信息，实现为相关人员的无线自动导览。As shown in Figures 1 to 3: When in use, install a visible light transmitter at the location where automatic navigation is required. The power supply wiring of the visible light transmitter uses the original wiring structure of the location, and the LED emission circuit in the visible light transmitter can be As a lighting device in the venue, it is possible to reduce the cost required for guidance and lighting. The power management module in the visible light transmitter converts 220V AC power into 12V or 16V DC power, and the identification information generation module performs corresponding encoding according to the position of the required guide, and sends the corresponding encoded information to the outside through the brightness control module and LED emission circuit. emission. Corresponding decoding tables and navigation information corresponding to the decoding tables are preset in the mobile terminal, and the navigation information is stored in the mobile terminal in the form of text, graphics, video or audio. During the tour, the relevant personnel hold the mobile terminal in the venue. When the mobile terminal moves to the corresponding position in the venue and is within the range of the visible light signal sent by the corresponding visible light transmitter, the mobile terminal receives the corresponding signal through the photodiode, and the photoelectric receiver The corresponding visible light signal is correspondingly processed and converted into a digital signal, and the digital signal is input into the decoder. The digital signal is decoded by the decoder, and when the corresponding identification information obtained after decoding is confirmed, the player in the mobile terminal plays the pre-stored guide information, realizing wireless automatic guide for relevant personnel.
可见光通信（Visible Light Communication，VLC）技术是一种新型的使用可见光作为信息载体的短距离高速无线通信方式。相比于传统照明光源，半导体发光二极管（LED）不仅具有节能、高效、寿命长等优点，而且具有高速点灭的发光响应特性，将大功率、高亮度的LED光源用作无线光通信链路的可行性已得到验证。Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology is a new short-distance high-speed wireless communication method that uses visible light as an information carrier. Compared with traditional lighting sources, semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) not only have the advantages of energy saving, high efficiency, and long life, but also have high-speed light-emitting response characteristics. High-power, high-brightness LED light sources are used as wireless optical communication links The feasibility has been verified.
同传统的、也是目前应用较多的基于射频通信技术的无线自动导览系统相比，基于可见光通信技术的无线自动导览系统具有以下诸多优势：Compared with the traditional wireless automatic guide system based on radio frequency communication technology, which is currently widely used, the wireless automatic guide system based on visible light communication technology has the following advantages:
1、可见光通信可与实际环境中现存的照明电力线相结合，电气布线方便快捷。用于通信的LED光源可以安装在任何需要的地方，既提供照明，又可以很方便地用来实现无线数据传输；因此，系统布局中几乎不增加额外的电力供应线路，通过简便改造既有照明系统即可建立基于可见光通信的无线自动导览系统的发射机，达到了充分利用现有资源、环保低碳的目的。1. Visible light communication can be combined with the existing lighting power lines in the actual environment, and the electrical wiring is convenient and fast. The LED light source used for communication can be installed wherever it is needed, not only providing lighting, but also conveniently used to realize wireless data transmission; therefore, there is almost no additional power supply line in the system layout, and the existing lighting can be easily modified The system can establish the transmitter of the wireless automatic navigation system based on visible light communication, which achieves the purpose of making full use of existing resources, environmental protection and low carbon.
2、可见光通信属于绿色通信技术，其信号光源的辐射光谱位于对人眼、人体均无害的可见光波段，不存在额外电磁辐射，非常安全、绿色环保。2. Visible light communication is a green communication technology. The radiation spectrum of its signal light source is in the visible light band that is harmless to human eyes and human body. There is no additional electromagnetic radiation, and it is very safe and green.
3、LED信号光源发射功率高，对于普通光无线通信，信号光源常使用半导体激光器，为避免伤害人眼、人体，激光器发射功率必须很低，严重限制了系统性能；对于射频通信，射频信号对人体潜在有害，也不能无限制地增加发射功率。而在可见光LED通信系统中，通信光源是与自然光完全相似的非相干可见光，因此一般无需限制发射功率。3. The LED signal light source has high emission power. For ordinary optical wireless communication, the signal light source often uses semiconductor lasers. In order to avoid damage to human eyes and human body, the laser emission power must be very low, which seriously limits the system performance; Potentially harmful to the human body, the transmit power cannot be increased without limit. In the visible light LED communication system, the communication light source is incoherent visible light that is completely similar to natural light, so there is generally no need to limit the transmission power.
4、无需无线电频谱证。受无线电频谱管制，当前频谱资源紧张，可用的无线电频率已经非常有限，而基于LED的可见光通信不存在其它许多无线通信技术中可能涉及的频率分配问题。4. No radio spectrum license required. Due to radio spectrum regulation, the current spectrum resources are tight, and the available radio frequencies are already very limited. However, LED-based visible light communication does not have the frequency allocation problems that may be involved in many other wireless communication technologies.
5、无电磁干扰，可应用于对电磁干扰有严格限制要求的场合。5. No electromagnetic interference, it can be used in occasions with strict requirements on electromagnetic interference.
6、无线定位原理简单，采用可见光通信技术的无线自动导览系统，由于LED所发可见光在发射角上具有各向异性且空间光强呈不均匀分布，通过合理布局可避免相邻的光信号互相干扰，因此光接收机可直接接收发射机广播发送的识别信息，简单有效，无需采用复杂的无线定位算法。6. The principle of wireless positioning is simple. The wireless automatic navigation system adopts visible light communication technology. Since the visible light emitted by LED has anisotropy in the emission angle and the spatial light intensity is unevenly distributed, the adjacent optical signals can be avoided through reasonable layout. Interference with each other, so the optical receiver can directly receive the identification information broadcast by the transmitter, which is simple and effective, and does not need to use complex wireless positioning algorithms.
总之，可兼顾照明和通信两大功能的基于LED光源的可见光通信技术正获得越来越多的关注和应用。In short, the visible light communication technology based on LED light source, which can take into account the two functions of illumination and communication, is gaining more and more attention and application.
本发明通过可见光发射机与移动终端相对应配合，使导览系统具有无线定位功能同时兼有自动导览功能。无线定位功能是利用LED发射带有识别信息的可见光信号作为被识别物的编号，通过终端接收、解码，并对比事先约定的识别信息同被识别物的关系，根据被识别物在场馆中的位置确定终端持有者所处的实际位置；使用户可迅速了解安全出口、参观路线、周边展区分布情况、休息服务区、洗手间位置等场馆环境信息，给用户带来极大的便利，也能使场馆环境的设计更科学合理、更人性化。In the present invention, the visible light transmitter is matched with the mobile terminal, so that the navigation system has the function of wireless positioning and the function of automatic navigation. The wireless positioning function is to use the LED to emit a visible light signal with identification information as the number of the identified object, receive and decode it through the terminal, and compare the relationship between the previously agreed identification information and the identified object, according to the position of the identified object in the venue Determine the actual location of the terminal holder; enable users to quickly understand the venue environment information such as safety exits, visiting routes, distribution of surrounding exhibition areas, rest service areas, and toilet locations, which brings great convenience to users and enables The design of the venue environment is more scientific, reasonable and humanized.
自动导览功能是在实现无线定位之后，便可在终端中自动为用户播放被识别物的详细信息，包括文字、表格、图片、语音或视频等丰富的多媒体导览资讯。例如，大多数的展览馆、博物馆等室内场馆，限于场地大小和环境要求等因素，往往难以对陈列展物进行全面的介绍。通过本自动导览方案，将所有需要介绍或呈现的信息资料事先存储在移动终端里，在导览过程中根据终端对不同物体的可见光信号解码的结果，触发对应的多媒体资料，实现自动导览的功能，从而为用户提供个性化甚至交互式的多媒体信息服务，包括参观路线、相关多媒体信息的个性化选择等。The automatic guide function is to automatically play the detailed information of the identified object in the terminal after wireless positioning is realized, including rich multimedia guide information such as text, tables, pictures, voice or video. For example, most indoor venues such as exhibition halls and museums are limited by factors such as site size and environmental requirements, and it is often difficult to give a comprehensive introduction to the exhibits. Through this automatic navigation solution, all the information materials that need to be introduced or presented are stored in the mobile terminal in advance, and according to the results of the terminal decoding the visible light signals of different objects during the navigation process, the corresponding multimedia materials are triggered to realize automatic navigation functions, so as to provide users with personalized and even interactive multimedia information services, including tour routes, personalized selection of relevant multimedia information, etc.
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