CN102148475A - Photonic-filtering-based optoelectronic oscillator - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChineseDescription
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光电混合技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器。The invention relates to the field of photoelectric hybrid technology, in particular to a photoelectric oscillator based on photon filtering.
背景技术Background technique
高质量微波信号在光纤、微波、卫星通信，雷达系统，精密仪器仪表以及高精度测量方面均有重要应用。目前广泛应用的高质量微波源大都依赖于高Q值微波储能器件(如介质谐振腔振荡器)或声表面波器件(如石英晶体振荡器)。这两类器件在几MHz至几GHz频段工作时有良好的表现。但是在X频段乃至更高频率工作时，由于需要经过多次倍频，这些器件所产生的微波信号质量随着频率的增加而急剧恶化。光电振荡器(Optoelectronic Oscillator，以下简称OEO)的出现有效解决了这一问题。它是由光源、光调制器、光纤、光电探测器、滤波器、放大器等组成的光电混合正反馈环路。其中光纤作为时间延迟和储能单元，与其它元件一起组成高Q值低损耗环路，从而产生高纯度、低相位噪声的微波信号。OEO的一个显著特点是，它所产生的微波信号相位噪声与振荡器工作频率无关。因此与传统微波振荡器相比，OEO更具潜在优势。High-quality microwave signals have important applications in optical fiber, microwave, satellite communications, radar systems, precision instruments and meters, and high-precision measurement. Most of the high-quality microwave sources widely used at present rely on high-Q microwave energy storage devices (such as dielectric resonator oscillators) or surface acoustic wave devices (such as quartz crystal oscillators). These two types of devices perform well when working in the frequency band of several MHz to several GHz. However, when operating in the X-band or even higher frequencies, the quality of the microwave signals generated by these devices deteriorates sharply as the frequency increases due to the need for multiple frequency multiplications. The emergence of the Optoelectronic Oscillator (hereinafter referred to as OEO) has effectively solved this problem. It is a photoelectric hybrid positive feedback loop composed of light source, optical modulator, optical fiber, photodetector, filter, amplifier, etc. Among them, the optical fiber is used as a time delay and energy storage unit, and forms a high-Q low-loss loop together with other components, thereby generating microwave signals with high purity and low phase noise. A notable feature of OEO is that the phase noise of the microwave signal it produces has nothing to do with the operating frequency of the oscillator. Therefore, compared with traditional microwave oscillators, OEO has potential advantages.
在OEO中，光纤长度决定了系统Q值。如果不考虑激光器的相对强度噪声和放大器噪声，OEO输出微波的相位噪声随着光纤延时的增加而呈二次方下降趋势。选择长光纤是提高OEO输出微波信号质量的主要途径。但是随着光纤长度的增加，OEO腔内纵模间距可能减小到几十kHz量级，要选择出单一振荡频率需要相当窄的电滤波器，这在高频段是难以实现的。为了实现高质量单模输出，研究人员提出了双环路及多环路的OEO结构。在多环路结构下，OEO起振模式由所有环路共同支持的模式决定，系统模间距变宽，采用带宽相对较大的带通滤波器仍可实现边模抑制比较高的单模输出。目前采用多环路的商用高质量OEO在10GHz工作时，其微波相位噪声在频偏10kHz处可以达到-163dBc/Hz。除多环路结构外，通过注入锁定的方式也可以实现较高的边模抑制比。In OEO, the fiber length determines the system Q value. If the relative intensity noise and amplifier noise of the laser are not considered, the phase noise of the microwave output from the OEO decreases quadratically with the increase of the fiber delay. Selecting long optical fiber is the main way to improve the quality of OEO output microwave signal. However, as the length of the fiber increases, the longitudinal mode spacing in the OEO cavity may decrease to the order of tens of kHz. To select a single oscillation frequency requires a rather narrow electrical filter, which is difficult to achieve in the high frequency band. In order to achieve high-quality single-mode output, the researchers proposed dual-loop and multi-loop OEO structures. Under the multi-loop structure, the OEO start-up mode is determined by the mode supported by all the loops, the system mode spacing becomes wider, and the single-mode output with relatively high side mode suppression can still be achieved by using a band-pass filter with a relatively large bandwidth. At present, when the commercial high-quality OEO with multiple loops works at 10GHz, its microwave phase noise can reach -163dBc/Hz at a frequency deviation of 10kHz. In addition to the multi-loop structure, a higher side-mode suppression ratio can also be achieved by means of injection locking.
但是以上讨论的OEO都属于中心频率固定的类型，只能在某一频点附近工作，限制了其应用范围。为实现输出频率的可调谐性，则需要选择可调谐窄带滤波器以及宽带放大器。目前比较成功的方法是采用钇铁石榴石(YIG)型可调谐滤波器的结构。已报道的结果实现了6-12GHz连续可调的微波输出。其最高工作频率以及调谐范围受限于YIG滤波器的性能。但是YIG滤波器在高频段带宽依然较大(～40MHz@30-40GHz)，插入损耗也相对较大，需要采用多环结构并提供足够的电增益，成本较高。此外，最近也有基于可调谐光源(TLS)以及法布里珀罗腔半导体激光器(FP-LD)的可调谐OEO方案。该方案利用OEO中调制器产生的调制边带与FP-LD纵模拍频产生窄带微波信号从而替代微波滤波器，可调谐特性则通过改变注入激光波长或改变FP-LD的工作温度来实现。为保证稳定运行，FP-LD需要采用温控措施。该方案的不足在于：1.如果采用可调谐激光器控制振荡频率，会大幅度提高系统成本，且不利于系统集成；2.由于系统中FP-LD需要工作在非激射状态，其各纵模强度容易发生变化，存在不稳定性因素，为保证系统可靠运行，需要对FP-LD做精确温度控制。However, the OEOs discussed above all belong to the type with a fixed center frequency and can only work near a certain frequency point, which limits its application range. In order to realize the tunability of the output frequency, it is necessary to select a tunable narrowband filter and a wideband amplifier. The more successful method at present is to adopt the structure of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) type tunable filter. The reported results achieve a continuously tunable microwave output from 6-12 GHz. Its maximum operating frequency and tuning range are limited by the performance of the YIG filter. However, the YIG filter still has a large bandwidth in the high frequency band (~40MHz@30-40GHz), and the insertion loss is relatively large. It needs to adopt a multi-loop structure and provide sufficient electrical gain, and the cost is relatively high. In addition, recently there are tunable OEO schemes based on tunable light source (TLS) and Fabry-Perot cavity semiconductor laser (FP-LD). This scheme uses the modulation sideband generated by the modulator in OEO and the longitudinal mode beat frequency of FP-LD to generate a narrowband microwave signal to replace the microwave filter. The tunable feature is realized by changing the wavelength of the injected laser or changing the operating temperature of the FP-LD. In order to ensure stable operation, FP-LD needs to adopt temperature control measures. The shortcomings of this solution are: 1. If a tunable laser is used to control the oscillation frequency, the system cost will be greatly increased, and it is not conducive to system integration; 2. Since the FP-LD in the system needs to work in a non-laser state, its longitudinal mode The strength is easy to change, and there are unstable factors. In order to ensure the reliable operation of the system, precise temperature control of FP-LD is required.
因此，目前需要本领域技术人员迫切解决的一个技术问题就是：如何能够创新地提出一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器，以解决现有技术中存在的不足，有效满足OEO的宽带可调谐，工作稳定，结构紧凑的特点。Therefore, a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art is: how to innovatively propose an optoelectronic oscillator based on photon filtering to solve the shortcomings in the existing technology and effectively meet OEO's broadband tunable, work Stable, compact structure features.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器，用以保证光电振荡器的宽带可调谐，工作稳定以及结构紧密。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photoelectric oscillator based on photon filtering to ensure that the broadband of the photoelectric oscillator can be tuned, the operation is stable and the structure is compact.
为了解决上述问题，本发明公开了一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器，所述振荡器包括：In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a photoelectric oscillator based on photon filtering, the oscillator includes:
电光调制器，用于将入射的激光调制为携带光电振荡器系统时钟的光信号，调制频率为光电振荡器的振荡频率；The electro-optic modulator is used to modulate the incident laser light into an optical signal carrying the system clock of the optoelectronic oscillator, and the modulation frequency is the oscillation frequency of the optoelectronic oscillator;
光耦合器，用于将电光调制器调制后的光信号中符合预设功率值的部分耦合入后继环行器；An optical coupler, used to couple the part of the optical signal modulated by the electro-optic modulator that meets the preset power value into the subsequent circulator;
光环行器，用于接收光耦合器所耦合的光信号，并将接收的光信号传递给放大反馈半导体激光器，同时保证光信号的单行传输；The optical circulator is used to receive the optical signal coupled by the optical coupler, and transmit the received optical signal to the amplified feedback semiconductor laser, while ensuring the single-line transmission of the optical signal;
放大反馈半导体激光器，用于对光环行器传递的光信号进行滤波和放大，同时通过调整放大反馈半导体激光器调相区的注入电流来调整振荡器的振荡频率；The amplified feedback semiconductor laser is used to filter and amplify the optical signal transmitted by the optical circulator, and at the same time adjust the oscillation frequency of the oscillator by adjusting the injection current in the phase modulation area of the amplified feedback semiconductor laser;
光电探测器，用于将放大反馈半导体激光器处理的光信号转化成电信号，并将转化后的电信号传输给微波放大器；The photodetector is used to convert the optical signal processed by the amplified feedback semiconductor laser into an electrical signal, and transmit the converted electrical signal to the microwave amplifier;
微波放大器，用于放大光电探测器转化后的电信号，使光电振荡器系统增益大于振荡阈值；The microwave amplifier is used to amplify the electrical signal converted by the photodetector, so that the gain of the photoelectric oscillator system is greater than the oscillation threshold;
微波功分器，用于接收微波放大器所放大的电信号，并按照预设需求选取一部分微波能量传输给微波移相器；A microwave power divider is used to receive the electrical signal amplified by the microwave amplifier, and select a part of the microwave energy to transmit to the microwave phase shifter according to the preset requirements;
微波移相器，用于调节微波放大器放大后电信号和进入电光调制器中光信号的相对相位，以便达到最优输出。The microwave phase shifter is used to adjust the relative phase of the electrical signal amplified by the microwave amplifier and the optical signal entering the electro-optic modulator, so as to achieve the optimal output.
优选的，所述振荡器还包括：Preferably, the oscillator also includes:
外接激光器，用于为光电振荡器系统提供入射的激光。An external laser is used to provide incident laser light for the photoelectric oscillator system.
优选的，所述振荡器的入射激光由放大反馈半导体激光器提供。Preferably, the incident laser light of the oscillator is provided by an amplified feedback semiconductor laser.
优选的，所述放大反馈半导体激光器是一种集成了DFB激光器区、调相区以及放大区的三段式自脉动半导体激光器件。Preferably, the amplified feedback semiconductor laser is a three-stage self-pulsating semiconductor laser device integrating a DFB laser region, a phase modulation region and an amplifying region.
优选的，所述调相区和放大区共同组成反馈区，与DFB激光器一起组成复合腔提供双模激光输出。Preferably, the phase modulation area and the amplification area together form a feedback area, and form a composite cavity together with the DFB laser to provide dual-mode laser output.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明提供一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器，采用放大反馈半导体激光器(Amplified Feedback Laser，简称AFL)作为光域滤波器来代替传统电域滤波器。利用AFL纵模间拍频出的微波信号作为调制器的驱动源对注入AFL的激光进行调制，形成自反馈振荡系统，实现高质量微波及光时钟输出的功能。The invention provides an optoelectronic oscillator based on photon filtering, which uses an amplified feedback semiconductor laser (Amplified Feedback Laser, AFL for short) as an optical domain filter to replace the traditional electrical domain filter. The microwave signal from the beat frequency between the longitudinal modes of AFL is used as the driving source of the modulator to modulate the laser injected into the AFL to form a self-feedback oscillation system and realize the function of high-quality microwave and optical clock output.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例所述的一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器的结构图；Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an optoelectronic oscillator based on photon filtering described in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例所述的以AFL作为光子滤波器的外注入式光电振荡器的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an external injection optoelectronic oscillator using an AFL as a photon filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例所述的基于AFL光子滤波的自注入式光电振荡器示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a self-injection photoelectric oscillator based on AFL photon filtering according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例：Example:
参照图1，示出了本发明的一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器的结构图，所述振荡器包括：电光调制器(Mod)101，光耦合器(OC)102，光环行器(Circ)103，放大反馈半导体激光器(AFL)104，光电探测器(PD)105，微波放大器(EA)106，微波功分器(EC)107以及微波移相器(Phase Shifter)108，其中：With reference to Fig. 1, have shown a kind of structural diagram of the optoelectronic oscillator based on photon filter of the present invention, described oscillator comprises: electro-optical modulator (Mod) 101, optical coupler (OC) 102, optical circulator (Circ ) 103, amplified feedback semiconductor laser (AFL) 104, photodetector (PD) 105, microwave amplifier (EA) 106, microwave power divider (EC) 107 and microwave phase shifter (Phase Shifter) 108, wherein:
电光调制器101，用于将入射的激光调制为携带光电振荡器系统时钟的光信号，调制频率为光电振荡器的振荡频率；The electro-optic modulator 101 is used to modulate the incident laser light into an optical signal carrying the system clock of the optoelectronic oscillator, and the modulation frequency is the oscillation frequency of the optoelectronic oscillator;
光耦合器102，用于将电光调制器调制后的光信号中符合预设功率值的部分耦合入后继环行器；An optical coupler 102, configured to couple the part of the optical signal modulated by the electro-optic modulator that meets the preset power value into the subsequent circulator;
光环行器103，用于接收光耦合器所耦合的光信号，并将接收的光信号传递给放大反馈半导体激光器，同时保证光信号的单行传输；The optical circulator 103 is used to receive the optical signal coupled by the optical coupler, and transmit the received optical signal to the amplified feedback semiconductor laser, while ensuring the single-line transmission of the optical signal;
放大反馈半导体激光器104，用于对光环行器传递的光信号进行滤波和放大，同时通过调整放大反馈半导体激光器调相区的注入电流来调整振荡器的振荡频率；The amplified feedback semiconductor laser 104 is used to filter and amplify the optical signal transmitted by the optical circulator, and at the same time adjust the oscillation frequency of the oscillator by adjusting the injection current in the phase modulation area of the amplified feedback semiconductor laser;
光电探测器105，用于将放大反馈半导体激光器处理的光信号转化成电信号，并将转化后的电信号传输给微波放大器；The photodetector 105 is used to convert the optical signal processed by the amplified feedback semiconductor laser into an electrical signal, and transmit the converted electrical signal to the microwave amplifier;
微波放大器106，用于放大光电探测器转化后的电信号，使光电振荡器系统增益大于振荡阈值；The microwave amplifier 106 is used to amplify the electrical signal converted by the photodetector, so that the gain of the photoelectric oscillator system is greater than the oscillation threshold;
微波功分器107，用于接收微波放大器所放大的电信号，并按照预设需求选取一部分微波能量传输给微波移相器；The microwave power divider 107 is used to receive the electrical signal amplified by the microwave amplifier, and select a part of the microwave energy to transmit to the microwave phase shifter according to the preset requirements;
微波移相器108，用于调节微波放大器放大后电信号和进入电光调制其中光信号的相对相位，以便达到最优输出。The microwave phase shifter 108 is used to adjust the relative phase of the electrical signal amplified by the microwave amplifier and the optical signal entering the electro-optical modulation, so as to achieve the optimal output.
优选的，所述振荡器还包括：Preferably, the oscillator also includes:
外接激光器，用于为光电振荡器系统提供入射的激光。An external laser is used to provide incident laser light for the photoelectric oscillator system.
优选的，所述振荡器的入射激光由放大反馈半导体激光器提供。Preferably, the incident laser light of the oscillator is provided by an amplified feedback semiconductor laser.
参见图2，示出了以AFL作为光子滤波器的外注入式光电振荡器的结构示意图，其中：Referring to Fig. 2, it shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an external injection optoelectronic oscillator using AFL as a photon filter, wherein:
Optical Signal是入射激光，既可以是连续光，也可以是带有时钟信息的信号光，它的作用是为系统提供初始能量。入射光首先进入电光调制器Mod。Optical Signal is incident laser light, which can be either continuous light or signal light with clock information, and its function is to provide initial energy for the system. The incident light first enters the electro-optic modulator Mod.
Mod为电光调制器，它利用来自微波功分器EC的电时钟对入射的光信号(Optical signal)进行调制，调制频率为OEO系统振荡频率。经Mod调制后，光信号中携带了系统时钟。Mod is an electro-optic modulator, which uses the electrical clock from the microwave power divider EC to modulate the incident optical signal (Optical signal), and the modulation frequency is the OEO system oscillation frequency. After being modulated by Mod, the optical signal carries the system clock.
OC为光耦合器，来自Mod的大部分光被耦合入后继环行器(Circ)中，另有一小部分光被导出到振荡器外，可以提供光时钟输出。OC is an optical coupler. Most of the light from the Mod is coupled into the subsequent circulator (Circ), and a small part of the light is exported out of the oscillator to provide an optical clock output.
Circ为光环行器，它保证了光信号的单向传输。来自OC的入射光信号经Circ的1端口入射后由2端口输入到放大反馈半导体激光器AFL中，并在AFL完成光子滤波后，由3端口输出。Circ is an optical circulator, which ensures the unidirectional transmission of optical signals. The incident optical signal from OC is input into the amplified feedback semiconductor laser AFL through
AFL为放大反馈半导体激光器，它的作用是光子滤波。滤波器的中心频率由AFL的模间拍频决定。通过调整AFL调相区的注入电流，可以实现中心频率的大范围调整。滤波器带宽由AFL纵模稳定性以及注入信号决定，通过控制放大区反馈强度，可以提高纵模稳定性。AFL is an amplified feedback semiconductor laser, and its function is photon filtering. The center frequency of the filter is determined by the intermodal beat frequency of the AFL. By adjusting the injection current of the phase modulation area of the AFL, a large range of adjustment of the center frequency can be realized. The filter bandwidth is determined by the AFL longitudinal mode stability and the injected signal, and the longitudinal mode stability can be improved by controlling the feedback strength of the amplification region.
PD为光电探测器，其作用是把经AFL滤波以后的光信号转化成电信号，供后继电放大器放大。PD is a photodetector, and its function is to convert the optical signal filtered by AFL into an electrical signal, which is amplified by the subsequent relay amplifier.
EA为微波放大器，其作用是放大PD探测出的电信号，使系统增益超过振荡阈值。EA is a microwave amplifier, its function is to amplify the electrical signal detected by PD, so that the system gain exceeds the oscillation threshold.
EC为微波功分器，大部分微波能量进入微波移相器Phase Shifter，另有一部分微波以电时钟方式输出。EC is a microwave power divider, most of the microwave energy enters the microwave phase shifter Phase Shifter, and another part of the microwave is output in the form of an electric clock.
Phase Shifter为微波移相器，其作用是调节EA后电信号和进入Mod中光信号的相对相位，以便达到最优输出。Phase Shifter is a microwave phase shifter, its role is to adjust the relative phase of the electrical signal after EA and the optical signal entering the Mod, so as to achieve the optimal output.
当电信号经过Phase shifter后，注入Mod调制端口，对光信号进行调制。经过以上流程，振荡器内的光电混合环路完成一个循环，形成正反馈环路。当注入信号为直流光时，主要通过调节AFL的调相区以及放大区电流来控制拍频信号频率，此拍频信号经放大后驱动调制器对直流光调制后注入AFL，形成正反馈，最终建立以AFL固有拍频为中心频率的振荡。如果注入信号为脉冲信号，调节AFL使其拍频信号接近注入脉冲信号的某一频率分量，使AFL被该频率分量注入锁定，可以建立起与信号的频率分量同步的光电振荡。利用此功能不仅可以实现基频时钟提取，还可以实现谐波时钟提取。After the electrical signal passes through the Phase shifter, it is injected into the Mod modulation port to modulate the optical signal. After the above process, the photoelectric hybrid loop in the oscillator completes a cycle, forming a positive feedback loop. When the injected signal is DC light, the frequency of the beat frequency signal is mainly controlled by adjusting the phase modulation area and the current of the amplification area of the AFL. After the beat frequency signal is amplified, the modulator drives the modulator to modulate the DC light and then injects it into the AFL to form a positive feedback. Establish an oscillation centered on the natural beat frequency of the AFL. If the injected signal is a pulse signal, adjust the AFL so that the beat frequency signal is close to a certain frequency component of the injected pulse signal, so that the AFL is injected and locked by the frequency component, and a photoelectric oscillation synchronous with the frequency component of the signal can be established. Utilizing this function can not only realize fundamental frequency clock extraction, but also realize harmonic clock extraction.
参见图3，示出了基于AFL光子滤波的自注入式光电振荡器示意图。其中各部件与方案1中的部件功能类似。主要的不同点在于，自注入式光电振荡器不再需要外界光源来维持振荡。由于AFL本身就是一个激光光源，因此可以用AFL代替传统OEO中的直流光源。也就是说AFL同时起到了光源和光子滤波器的双重作用。在实现该结构时Referring to FIG. 3 , a schematic diagram of a self-injection photoelectric oscillator based on AFL photon filtering is shown. The functions of each component are similar to those in
在振荡建立的初始阶段，AFL作为光源，放在调制器Mod之前，由AFL发出的带有拍频信号的激光被PD探测，并经EA放大后驱动Mod对光信号进行调制，驱动频率与AFL信号同频，调节移相器可以使调制信号与AFL的拍频信号同步。In the initial stage of oscillation establishment, AFL is used as a light source and placed in front of the modulator Mod. The laser with beat frequency signal emitted by the AFL is detected by the PD, and after being amplified by the EA, the Mod is driven to modulate the optical signal. The driving frequency is the same as that of the AFL The signals are of the same frequency, and the phase shifter can be adjusted to synchronize the modulation signal with the beat frequency signal of the AFL.
OC2的另一个端口输出的激光进入环路2中，经由Circ的1端口注入到AFL中，由于注入之前的激光已经由Mod调制，含有较纯的频率分量，注入AFL后，AFL进入更稳定的工作状态，等效滤波带宽也随之变窄，有利于提高系统输出频谱纯度The laser output from the other port of OC2 enters the
OC1为可选元件，可以在OC1处注入需要其它待处理的脉冲信号，此时注入AFL的信号同时含有了外界信号和自注入信号，通过控制外注入信号强度，不仅可以实现基频和谐波同步、时钟提取，还可以实现分数阶频率同步及时钟提取功能。OC1 is an optional component. It can inject other pulse signals that need to be processed at OC1. At this time, the signal injected into AFL contains both external signals and self-injected signals. By controlling the intensity of externally injected signals, not only the fundamental frequency and harmonics can be achieved Synchronization, clock extraction, and fractional frequency synchronization and clock extraction functions can also be realized.
优选的，所述放大反馈半导体激光器是一种集成了DFB激光器区、调相区以及放大区的三段式自脉动半导体激光器件。Preferably, the amplified feedback semiconductor laser is a three-stage self-pulsating semiconductor laser device integrating a DFB laser region, a phase modulation region and an amplifying region.
优选的，所述调相区和放大区共同组成反馈区，与DFB激光器一起组成复合腔提供双模激光输出。Preferably, the phase modulation area and the amplification area together form a feedback area, and form a composite cavity together with the DFB laser to provide dual-mode laser output.
本实施例所述的一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器，采用放大反馈半导体激光器(Amplified Feedback Laser，简称AFL)作为光域滤波器来代替传统电域滤波器。利用AFL纵模间拍频出的微波信号作为调制器的驱动源对注入AFL的激光进行调制，形成自反馈振荡系统，实现高质量微波及光时钟输出的功能。An optoelectronic oscillator based on photon filtering described in this embodiment uses an amplified feedback semiconductor laser (Amplified Feedback Laser, AFL for short) as an optical domain filter to replace the traditional electrical domain filter. The microwave signal from the beat frequency between the longitudinal modes of AFL is used as the driving source of the modulator to modulate the laser injected into the AFL to form a self-feedback oscillation system and realize the function of high-quality microwave and optical clock output.
AFL是一种集成了DFB激光器区、调相区以及放大区的三段式自脉动半导体激光器件。调相区和放大区组成反馈区，调相区用来控制模式间距，放大区用来控制反馈强度。通过调节相区和放大器区的注入电流，可以控制AFL的输出脉冲频率。将AFL作为光子滤波器具有以下优点：AFL is a three-segment self-pulsating semiconductor laser device that integrates DFB laser region, phase modulation region and amplification region. The phase modulation area and the amplification area form the feedback area, the phase modulation area is used to control the mode spacing, and the amplification area is used to control the feedback intensity. The output pulse frequency of the AFL can be controlled by adjusting the injection current of the phase region and the amplifier region. Using the AFL as a photonic filter has the following advantages:
a)工作频带高、可调谐范围宽、通带宽度窄a) High working frequency band, wide tunable range and narrow passband width
AFL所能输出的微波频率由其谐振腔内起振的光波模式间距决定，容易实现高频工作。目前AFL输出微波频率已覆盖7-50GHz范围。并拥有1-20GHz的可调节范围，自由运转时，输出微波3dB带宽在3-8MHz。在有信号注入时，AFL可以被锁定在外部信号时钟频率或者其谐波频率上，输出微波带宽更可窄至kHz量级。将AFL作为有源窄带滤波器，可以实现高质量微波输出。从通带宽度、调谐范围以及工作频段上，AFL相对电滤波器都有很大优势，适合做高质量可调谐光子滤波器。The microwave frequency that the AFL can output is determined by the distance between the light wave modes oscillating in its resonant cavity, and it is easy to realize high-frequency operation. At present, the output microwave frequency of AFL has covered the range of 7-50GHz. And it has an adjustable range of 1-20GHz. When it is free running, the output microwave 3dB bandwidth is 3-8MHz. When a signal is injected, the AFL can be locked on the external signal clock frequency or its harmonic frequency, and the output microwave bandwidth can be narrowed to the order of kHz. Using AFL as an active narrowband filter can achieve high-quality microwave output. In terms of passband width, tuning range and working frequency band, AFL has great advantages over electric filters, and is suitable for high-quality tunable photonic filters.
b)无插入损耗，工作阈值低b) No insertion loss, low working threshold
由于AFL本身就是具有储能功能的主动放大器件，利用AFL作为滤波器不仅可以避免窄带电滤波器所带来的损耗问题，还可以提供额外增益，从而降低系统对电放大器增益的要求，也可以降低对入射激光功率的要求。Since the AFL itself is an active amplifier with energy storage function, using the AFL as a filter can not only avoid the loss problem caused by the narrow-band electric filter, but also provide additional gain, thereby reducing the system’s requirements for the gain of the electric amplifier, and can also Reduce the requirement for incident laser power.
c)模式特性好，工作更稳定c) Mode characteristics are good, the work is more stable
作为光子滤波器的AFL工作在激射状态，比工作在非激射状态的FP-LD具有更稳定输出。同时，因AFL的Q值很高，无需在系统中再加入长光纤，从而避免了OEO中多模振荡以及模式跳变问题。The AFL as a photon filter works in the lasing state, and has a more stable output than the FP-LD working in the non-lasing state. At the same time, because the Q value of AFL is very high, there is no need to add long optical fibers to the system, thus avoiding the problems of multi-mode oscillation and mode hopping in OEO.
d)无需外部光源，结构更紧凑，成本更低廉d) No external light source is required, the structure is more compact and the cost is lower
由于AFL本身也是性能良好的激光器，可以采用自注入方式(详见本专利实施方法)，无需外部光源即可实现振荡。另一方面受益于AFL的模式特性，OEO不用再采用多环方案来抑制边摸，整个系统结构更紧凑，成本更低廉。Since the AFL itself is also a laser with good performance, it can adopt a self-injection method (see the implementation method of this patent for details), and realize oscillation without an external light source. On the other hand, benefiting from the mode characteristics of AFL, OEO no longer needs to use a multi-ring solution to suppress side touches, and the entire system structure is more compact and the cost is lower.
用AFL替代电滤波器作为OEO的选频元件可以实现工作在高频段，且具有大调谐范围的新型光电振荡器，进一步拓展OEO的工作范围和应用领域。Using AFL to replace the electric filter as the frequency selection element of OEO can realize a new type of optoelectronic oscillator that works in the high frequency band and has a large tuning range, further expanding the working range and application field of OEO.
以上对本发明所提供的一种基于光子滤波的光电振荡器进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The photoelectric oscillator based on photon filtering provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention. method and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as Limitations on the Invention.
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