技术领域technical field
本发明涉及无线网络，特别涉及用于无线网络中组移动站的切换的方法和设备。The present invention relates to wireless networks, and in particular to methods and devices for handover of group mobile stations in wireless networks.
背景技术Background technique
目前，在无线网络特别是基于蜂窝的移动网络中，如果移动站MS(Mobile Station)从一个小区移动到邻近的小区，则该移动站将执行一系列的步骤，以便将正在进行的呼叫或者数据传送从当前服务的接入站转换到邻近的目标接入站，这就是所谓的切换(handover/handoff)。通常，切换由当前服务的基站SBS(Serving Base Station)管理，并且需要移动站和当前服务的/目标接入站之间进行复杂的信令交换，这引起了控制信令开销(overhead)以及业务传送的延时问题。当在切换过程期间执行网络重入的相关操作时，例如重认证、重授权、测距等，业务传输可能被中断。如果网络中存在频繁的切换，则情况会更加糟糕。不幸的是，随着无线技术的发展，至少有下列几种因素将可能使切换出现的更加频繁。At present, in a wireless network, especially a cellular-based mobile network, if a mobile station MS (Mobile Station) moves from a cell to an adjacent cell, the mobile station will perform a series of steps in order to transfer the ongoing call or data The transmission is switched from the currently serving access station to the neighboring target access station, which is called handover/handoff. Usually, handover is managed by the currently serving base station SBS (Serving Base Station), and requires complex signaling exchanges between the mobile station and the currently serving/target access station, which causes control signaling overhead and traffic Transmission delay problem. When performing operations related to network re-entry during the handover process, such as re-authentication, re-authorization, ranging, etc., service transmission may be interrupted. The situation is even worse if there are frequent handoffs in the network. Unfortunately, with the development of wireless technology, at least the following factors will make handovers more frequent.
首先，未来的无线电技术的频率将变得更高，例如3.5GHz，高频信号的高传播损耗特性将使小区半径大大减小而基站的数量增加，结果是移动站不得不在高速移动过程中执行频繁的切换来穿越多个较小的小区。此外，在未来的移动网络中，将有可能设置中继站来增强网络吞吐量(throughput)并扩展覆盖范围。然而，中继站的覆盖范围要比基站小得多，这使得发生在中继站间或中继站与基站间的切换更加频繁。First of all, the frequency of future radio technology will become higher, such as 3.5GHz, the high propagation loss characteristics of high frequency signals will greatly reduce the cell radius and increase the number of base stations, the result is that the mobile station has to perform Frequent handovers to traverse multiple smaller cells. In addition, in future mobile networks, it will be possible to set up relay stations to enhance network throughput and extend coverage. However, the coverage area of the relay station is much smaller than that of the base station, which makes the handover between the relay stations or between the relay station and the base station more frequent.
第二，越来越多的人习惯于在交通工具中使用移动业务，例如火车或者公共汽车。当交通工具在移动过程中穿越蜂窝网络中两个邻近的小区时，载于交通工具的移动站不得不执行从源接入站到目标接入站的切换。如果存在许多载于交通工具的移动站，则执行所有移动站的切换将对网络性能产生很大的影响。而且，由于交通工具的速率越来越快(IMT-Advanced已经要求未来的无线电技术支持高达350千米/小时的高速移动)，因而可能在非常短的周期内生成多个移动站的大量切换信令，这对接入站和回程(backhaul)网络将是很大的负担。这要求接入站拥有更强大的并发处理能力。Second, more and more people are accustomed to using mobile services in vehicles, such as trains or buses. When a vehicle traverses two adjacent cells in a cellular network during its movement, a mobile station on board the vehicle has to perform a handover from a source access station to a target access station. If there are many mobile stations onboard the vehicle, performing a handover of all mobile stations will have a large impact on network performance. Moreover, due to the increasing speed of vehicles (IMT-Advanced already requires future radio technology to support high-speed movement up to 350 km/h), a large number of handover signals of multiple mobile stations may be generated in a very short period. This will be a great burden on the access station and the backhaul (backhaul) network. This requires the access station to have stronger concurrent processing capabilities.
然而，在现有的无线技术中，目前还没有对组移动问题的专用的解决方案。传统的移动解决方案是分离地并独立地处理每个移动站的切换，不管他们是否具有相同的移动轨迹。图1示出传统的解决方案的处理过程。MS1、MS2......MSn是具有相同的移动特征的组移动站，例如，MS1、MS2......MSn在相同的交通工具上。组移动站中的每个移动站都独立地执行切换过程。首先，他们监测邻近的BS的DL(Down Link，下行链路)信号，即图1中的扫描信号，用于小区选择。如果满足在MS1中预先定义的阈值，则MS1发送切换请求消息到当前服务的基站，触发MS1的切换。推荐的/优选的目标基站TBS(Target Base Station)列表也将包含在该消息中。基于收到的切换请求，SBS开始与推荐列表中的潜在TBS协商，并为MS1选择一个优选的TBS。一旦确定TBS，SBS向MS1发送切换响应，标识所确定的TBS的信息包含在切换响应消息中。基于接收到的响应消息，MS1向SBS发送切换指示，进而断开与SBS的连接，并发起与TBS之间的测距过程(包括测距请求和测距响应步骤)。随后，MS1便进入网络重入阶段，其中，测距、重认证、重授权等操作将在这个阶段被执行。对于该移动组中的其他移动站的切换，也将以相似的方式执行。对于所有移动站来说，信令开销和切换的持续时间，特别是服务中断的时间均是大致相同的。因此，这不是解决组移动问题的最佳解决方案。However, there is currently no dedicated solution to the group mobility problem in existing wireless technologies. Traditional mobility solutions handle the handover of each mobile station separately and independently, regardless of whether they have the same movement trajectory or not. Fig. 1 shows the processing procedure of the conventional solution. MS1, MS2...MSn are group mobile stations with the same mobility characteristics, eg MS1, MS2...MSn are on the same vehicle. Each mobile station in the group of mobile stations independently performs the handover procedure. First, they monitor the DL (Down Link, downlink) signal of an adjacent BS, that is, the scanning signal in FIG. 1 , for cell selection. If the predefined threshold in MS1 is satisfied, MS1 sends a handover request message to the currently serving base station, triggering the handover of MS1. The recommended/preferred target base station TBS (Target Base Station) list will also be included in the message. Based on the handover request received, the SBS starts negotiating with potential TBSs in the recommendation list and selects a preferred TBS for MS1. Once the TBS is determined, the SBS sends a Handover Response to MS1, and the information identifying the determined TBS is included in the Handover Response message. Based on the received response message, MS1 sends a handover instruction to the SBS, disconnects the connection with the SBS, and initiates a ranging process with the TBS (including ranging request and ranging response steps). Subsequently, MS1 enters the network re-entry phase, in which operations such as ranging, re-authentication, and re-authorization will be performed in this phase. Handovers for other mobile stations in the mobile group will also be performed in a similar manner. The signaling overhead and the duration of the handover, especially the time of service interruption, are approximately the same for all mobile stations. Therefore, this is not the best solution to the problem of group movement.
此外，在IEEE802.16j多跳中继任务组中，诺基亚和一些其他公司提出了组切换思想。该解决方案要求每个交通工具配置MRS(Mobile RelayStation，移动中继站)，如图2所示。由于后向(backward)兼容性的限制，MRS对于移动站是透明的，MRS作为代理来处理切换。如图2所示，MRS执行与现有技术中MS的切换类似的过程，监测邻近的BS的DL信号并向SBS发送移动站的切换请求(MOB MSHO-REQ)，类似地，SBS确定TBS之后向MRS发送切换响应，随后，MRS发送切换指示并开始测距和其他网络重入所必需的操作。在网络重入过程中，TBS将为MS1、MS2等从属于MRS的移动站的各个连接分配新的连接指示符CID(Connection Identification)，并将此新CID与原CID之间的对应关系发送给MRS。MRS将为所属移动站的每个连接创建新的CID与原CID的映射关系。这样，MRS与TBS之间将通过以新的CID标识的连接传输组数据，而MRS与组移动站MS间仍旧使用以原CID标识的连接进行数据传输，从而使移动站MS在MRS的切换过程中也可能与MRS保持连接。此方法的最大优点是省略了组移动站CID更新的过程，但若想保证组移动站在MRS移动过程中始终不介入切换过程，则需要为MRS分配独立的频谱资源用于组内移动站的接入，以确保MRS在移动过程中不与其他基站或中继站产生干扰，这在实际网络中是很难实现的。另外，该解决方案的一个较大的缺陷是仅适用于具有移动中继站MRS的网络。In addition, in the IEEE802.16j multi-hop relay task group, Nokia and some other companies proposed the group switching idea. This solution requires each vehicle to be equipped with an MRS (Mobile Relay Station, mobile relay station), as shown in FIG. 2 . Due to the limitation of backward compatibility, MRS is transparent to the mobile station, and MRS handles the handover as a proxy. As shown in Figure 2, the MRS performs a process similar to MS handover in the prior art, monitors the DL signal of the adjacent BS and sends the handover request (MOB MSHO-REQ) of the mobile station to the SBS, similarly, after the SBS determines the TBS A handover response is sent to the MRS, which then sends a handover indication and starts ranging and other operations necessary for network re-entry. During the network reentry process, TBS will allocate new connection indicator CID (Connection Identification) for each connection of MS1, MS2 and other mobile stations subordinate to MRS, and send the corresponding relationship between this new CID and the original CID to MRS. The MRS will create a mapping relationship between the new CID and the original CID for each connection of the mobile station it belongs to. In this way, the group data will be transmitted between the MRS and the TBS through the connection identified by the new CID, while the connection between the MRS and the group mobile station MS still uses the connection identified by the original CID for data transmission, so that the mobile station MS can be transferred during the handover process of the MRS. It is also possible to maintain a connection with the MRS. The biggest advantage of this method is that the process of updating the CID of the mobile stations in the group is omitted. However, if you want to ensure that the mobile stations in the group do not intervene in the handover process during the MRS movement, you need to allocate independent spectrum resources for the MRS for the mobile stations in the group. Access to ensure that the MRS does not interfere with other base stations or relay stations during movement, which is difficult to achieve in actual networks. In addition, a major drawback of this solution is that it is only applicable to networks with mobile relay stations MRS.
此外，摩托罗拉公司也提出了一种组切换的方法。该方法需要基站或者接入站发送组标识到所有附属于该组的移动站。换句话说，组切换对于MS来说不是透明的。因此，对于组切换和原有的每个移动站的独立的切换，MS必须分别遵循两个不同的切换过程。这增加了协议和系统的复杂性，不是一个高效的用于无线网络移动性的解决方案。In addition, Motorola has also proposed a group switching method. This method requires the base station or access station to send the group identification to all mobile stations attached to the group. In other words, group switching is not transparent to the MS. Therefore, for the group handover and the original independent handover of each mobile station, the MS must follow two different handover procedures respectively. This increases the complexity of the protocol and the system, and is not an efficient solution for wireless network mobility.
由上述可见，在移动环境中，特别是对于高速交通工具中的组移动站环境，如何减少切换开销并加速切换过程是一个亟待解决的问题。It can be seen from the above that in a mobile environment, especially for a group of mobile stations in a high-speed vehicle, how to reduce the handover overhead and speed up the handover process is an urgent problem to be solved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在提供用于无线网络中组切换的方法和设备，用于解决上述问题，实现至少在一定程度上减少切换开销，并加速切换过程。The present invention aims to provide a method and device for group handover in a wireless network, which are used to solve the above problems, realize at least a certain degree of reduction of handover overhead, and speed up the handover process.
本发明提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的方法，包括步骤：The present invention provides a method for group handover of a wireless network, comprising steps:
A.将至少两个移动站组成移动组；A. Forming at least two mobile stations into a mobile group;
B.当首次接收到来自所述移动组的移动站的切换请求时，在该移动站的切换准备阶段，当前服务的接入站开始将该移动组的所有移动站的相关信息以批量模式发送给目标接入站；B. When receiving a handover request from a mobile station in the mobile group for the first time, in the handover preparation phase of the mobile station, the currently serving access station starts sending relevant information of all mobile stations in the mobile group in batch mode to the target access station;
接收到目标接入站的响应后，当前服务的接入站向最先发送切换请求的移动站发送切换响应，该移动站执行切换操作；After receiving the response from the target access station, the currently serving access station sends a handover response to the mobile station that first sent the handover request, and the mobile station performs a handover operation;
当所述移动组的其他移动站进行切换时，当前服务的接入站不再重复发送所述切换准备阶段已经发送的信息。When other mobile stations in the mobile group perform handover, the currently serving access station will not repeat the information sent in the handover preparation stage.
优选地，根据移动站的移动轨迹和/或移动特征确定所述移动组。Preferably, the movement group is determined according to movement trajectories and/or movement characteristics of the mobile stations.
优选地，当前服务的接入站在所述批量模式中，将最先发送切换请求的移动站的相关信息与移动组内其他移动站的相关信息分开处理。Preferably, in the batch mode, the currently serving access station processes the relevant information of the mobile station that first sends the handover request and the relevant information of other mobile stations in the mobile group separately.
所述相关信息为移动站在切换准备阶段所需要的信息和/或移动站在切换过程中所需要的信息。The relevant information is the information required by the mobile station at the handover preparation stage and/or the information required by the mobile station during the handover process.
优选地，目标接入站根据当前服务接入站以批量模式发送的信息，为移动组内的移动站预先确定与切换相关的信息。Preferably, the target access station predetermines handover-related information for the mobile stations in the mobile group according to the information sent by the current serving access station in batch mode.
优选地，所述移动组的其他移动站进行切换时，不执行测距过程，重用最先发送切换请求的移动站的测距信息。Preferably, when other mobile stations in the mobile group perform handover, the ranging process is not performed, and the ranging information of the mobile station that first sends the handover request is reused.
本发明还提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的装置，该装置包括：The present invention also provides a device for group handover in a wireless network, the device comprising:
接收模块，被配置用来接收移动组信息；a receiving module configured to receive mobile group information;
判断模块，被配置用来判断切换请求是否是来自所述移动组的移动站的首次切换请求；A judging module configured to judge whether the handover request is the first handover request from a mobile station of the mobile group;
组切换控制模块，被配置用来控制组切换，根据判断模块的判断，如果切换请求为来自所述移动组的移动站的首次切换请求，则在该移动站的切换准备阶段，开始将该移动组的所有移动站的相关信息以批量模式发送给目标接入站；如果不是，则在该移动站的切换过程中，不再重复发送所述切换准备阶段已经发送的信息。The group handover control module is configured to control the group handover. According to the judgment of the judging module, if the handover request is the first handover request from a mobile station in the mobile group, start the handover request of the mobile station in the handover preparation stage of the mobile station The relevant information of all mobile stations in the group is sent to the target access station in batch mode; if not, during the handover process of the mobile station, the information already sent in the handover preparation stage will not be repeatedly sent.
本发明还提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的装置，该装置包括：The present invention also provides a device for group handover in a wireless network, the device comprising:
移动组确定模块，被配置用来将移动站组成移动组；a mobile group determination module configured to form mobile stations into a mobile group;
判断模块，被配置用来判断切换请求是否是来自所述移动组的移动站的首次切换请求；A judging module configured to judge whether the handover request is the first handover request from a mobile station of the mobile group;
组切换控制模块，被配置用来控制组切换，根据判断模块的判断，如果切换请求为来自所述移动组的移动站的首次切换请求，则在该移动站的切换准备阶段，开始将该移动组的所有移动站的相关信息以批量模式发送给目标接入站；如果不是，则在该移动站的切换过程中，不再重复发送所述切换准备阶段已经发送的信息。The group handover control module is configured to control the group handover. According to the judgment of the judging module, if the handover request is the first handover request from a mobile station in the mobile group, start the handover request of the mobile station in the handover preparation stage of the mobile station The relevant information of all mobile stations in the group is sent to the target access station in batch mode; if not, during the handover process of the mobile station, the information already sent in the handover preparation stage will not be repeatedly sent.
本发明还提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的设备，用于将移动站组成移动组或用于接收移动组的信息；用于判断接收到的切换请求是否是来自所述移动组的移动站的首次切换请求；用于如果切换请求为来自所述移动组的移动站的首次切换请求，则在该移动站的切换准备阶段，开始将该移动组的所有移动站的相关信息以批量模式发送给目标接入站；用于如果不是，则在该移动站的切换过程中，不再重复发送所述切换准备阶段已经发送的信息。The present invention also provides a device for group switching in a wireless network, which is used for forming a mobile station into a mobile group or for receiving information of a mobile group; and for judging whether the received switching request is from the mobile group The first handover request of the mobile station; if the handover request is the first handover request from the mobile station of the mobile group, then in the handover preparation stage of the mobile station, start the relevant information of all the mobile stations of the mobile group in batches The mode is sent to the target access station; if it is not, then in the handover process of the mobile station, the information already sent in the handover preparation stage will not be repeatedly sent.
本发明还提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的装置，该装置包括：The present invention also provides a device for group handover in a wireless network, the device comprising:
接收模块，被配置用来接收以批量模式发送的移动组的所有移动站的相关信息；A receiving module configured to receive relevant information of all mobile stations of the mobile group sent in batch mode;
组切换信息确定模块，被配置用来根据接收模块接收的信息，提前为移动站确定切换相关的信息。The group handover information determining module is configured to determine handover-related information for the mobile station in advance according to the information received by the receiving module.
本发明还提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的设备，用于接收以批量模式发送的移动组的所有移动站的相关信息；用于根据接收模块接收的信息，提前为移动站确定切换相关的信息。The present invention also provides a device for group handover in a wireless network, which is used for receiving relevant information of all mobile stations in a mobile group sent in batch mode; and for determining handover for mobile stations in advance according to the information received by the receiving module Related information.
本发明还提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的设备，该设备包括：The present invention also provides a device for group handover in a wireless network, which includes:
接收装置，用于接收来自移动站和其他接入设备的与切换相关的信息；receiving means for receiving handover-related information from the mobile station and other access devices;
发送装置，用于向所述移动站和其他接入设备发送与切换相关的信息；sending means for sending handover-related information to the mobile station and other access devices;
其特征在于，还包括如权利要求7、8或10所述的组切换装置。It is characterized in that it also includes the group switching device as claimed in claim 7, 8 or 10.
本发明还提供了一种用于无线网络的组切换的计算机程序，包括指令以执行上述方法、装置以及设备。The present invention also provides a computer program for group handover in a wireless network, including instructions to execute the above method, device and equipment.
本发明还提供了一种存储介质，其上存储用于执行上述方法、装置以及设备的指令。The present invention also provides a storage medium on which instructions for executing the above method, device and equipment are stored.
本发明还提供了计算机系统，其上包括处理器，用于执行上述计算机程序。The present invention also provides a computer system including a processor for executing the above computer program.
根据本发明的方案，由于当前服务的接入站将移动组中所有移动站相关信息以批量模式传送到目标接入站，而不是像传统的切换方法那样为每个移动站分别传送，因而可以显著地减少当前服务接入站和目标接入站之间的信令开销。并且，当自目标接入站也以批量模式向当前服务的接入站传送响应消息时，信令开销将被进一步减小。此外，当前服务的接入站仅对邻近的潜在目标接入站进行一次协商，就可以为移动组内的所有移动站选择目标接入站，从而极大地缩短了组切换所花费的时间。According to the solution of the present invention, since the currently serving access station transmits the relevant information of all mobile stations in the mobile group to the target access station in batch mode, instead of transmitting separately for each mobile station as in the traditional handover method, it can The signaling overhead between the current serving access station and the target access station is significantly reduced. And, when the response message is also transmitted from the target access station to the currently serving access station in batch mode, the signaling overhead will be further reduced. In addition, the currently serving access station can select a target access station for all mobile stations in the mobile group by negotiating with adjacent potential target access stations only once, thereby greatly reducing the time spent on group switching.
对于移动组中的移动站来说，除了第一个发起组切换的移动站，由于与切换相关的信息，如更新的连接信息、重认证等，已经在其切换之前被传送给目标接入站，因此切换持续时间(中断时间)被显著地减少。例如以IEEE802.16e为例，从SBS传送移动站相关信息到得到TBS的相应消息通常需要20ms。此外，当其重用该移动组中第一个发起组切换的移动站的测距(ranging)信息，省略测距步骤时，切换持续的时间，尤其是业务中断的时间，被进一步减少。例如，在IEEE 802.16e网络中，切换时测距过程可能需要40-85ms。For the mobile stations in the mobile group, except the first mobile station that initiates group handover, since handover-related information, such as updated connection information, re-authentication, etc., has been transmitted to the target access station before its handover , so the switching duration (interruption time) is significantly reduced. For example, taking IEEE802.16e as an example, it usually takes 20 ms from the transmission of relevant information of the mobile station by the SBS to the corresponding message of the TBS. In addition, when it reuses the ranging information of the first mobile station initiating group handover in the mobile group and omits the ranging step, the handover duration, especially the service interruption time, is further reduced. For example, in an IEEE 802.16e network, the ranging process may take 40-85ms during handover.
综上所述，与现有的切换方法相比，本发明的方案可以显著地减少组切换过程中信号的开销并加速切换过程，从而显著地减少了业务中断时间，提高了无线业务的服务质量。而且，与诺基亚的方案相比，本发明不需要设置其他额外的网元设备，这不仅节省了成本，更主要的是实现了与现有网络环境的良好的兼容，可以应用于具有中继站的无线网络，而不是仅限于具有MRS的多跳中继网络。同时，对于移动站来说是透明的，因而不需要任何移动站的额外的支持功能。To sum up, compared with the existing handover method, the solution of the present invention can significantly reduce the signal overhead in the group handover process and accelerate the handover process, thereby significantly reducing service interruption time and improving the service quality of wireless services . Moreover, compared with Nokia's solution, the present invention does not need to set other additional network element devices, which not only saves costs, but more importantly, achieves good compatibility with existing network environments, and can be applied to wireless networks with relay stations. network, rather than being limited to multi-hop relay networks with MRS. At the same time, it is transparent to the mobile station, and thus does not require any additional supporting functions of the mobile station.
通过下文的详细描述和附图，本发明的有益效果、特征、优点等将得到更好的体现。The beneficial effects, features, advantages, etc. of the present invention will be better reflected through the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
本发明中，除非明确说明，组切换或组移动是指一组具有相似移动轨迹或特征的移动站的切换问题。除非明确说明，组移动站指一组具有相似的移动轨迹和移动特征的移动站，例如，在同一交通工具中的移动站。除非明确说明，组切换指该组中所有移动站的切换过程。In the present invention, unless explicitly stated, group handover or group mobility refers to the handover problem of a group of mobile stations with similar movement trajectories or characteristics. Unless expressly stated, a group of mobile stations refers to a group of mobile stations that have similar movement trajectories and movement characteristics, for example, mobile stations in the same vehicle. Unless explicitly stated, group handover refers to the handover procedure of all mobile stations in the group.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1示出了IEEE 802.16e中MS的切换过程；Fig. 1 shows the handover process of MS in IEEE 802.16e;
图2示出了具有附属MS的MRS的切换过程；Figure 2 shows the handover process of an MRS with an attached MS;
图3概略地示出了一个根据本发明的IEEE 802.16中组切换过程的实例；Fig. 3 schematically shows an example of group switching process in IEEE 802.16 according to the present invention;
图4概略地示出了一个设置在SBS/SRS中的根据本发明的装置实例；Fig. 4 schematically shows an example of an apparatus according to the present invention arranged in a SBS/SRS;
图5概略地示出了一个设置在TBS/TRS中的根据本发明的装置实例。Figure 5 schematically shows an example of an arrangement according to the invention arranged in a TBS/TRS.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提供了新的切换解决方案，从而为组移动站减少了信令开销并加速了切换过程。本发明的主要思想是，由基站或网络中的其他网络设备/装置确定移动组。当该移动组中的MS执行切换操作时，SBS将该组移动站的切换作为整体来处理。优选地，SBS对该移动组内的第一个MS按照传统的切换过程执行切换操作，对于该移动组内的其他MS则执行“简化”的切换操作。这里，“简化”是指对于其他MS来说，由于上述的整体组切换处理，使得MS发起切换后执行的操作相对于传统的切换过程被简化。The present invention provides a new handover solution, thereby reducing signaling overhead and speeding up the handover process for group mobile stations. The main idea of the invention is that the mobility group is determined by the base station or other network equipment/devices in the network. When the MSs in the mobile group perform a handover operation, the SBS handles the handover of the group of mobile stations as a whole. Preferably, the SBS performs a handover operation for the first MS in the mobile group according to a traditional handover procedure, and performs "simplified" handover operations for other MSs in the mobile group. Here, "simplification" means that for other MSs, due to the above-mentioned overall group handover process, the operations performed after the MS initiates the handover are simplified compared with the traditional handover process.
具体地，移动组可以由基站或者网路中相关设备根据MS之前的信息来确定，例如移动轨迹、上行链路发送功率、在小区中的逗留时间、在过去一段时间内经过的小区等。优选地，基站或相关设备也可以根据移动组所处的具体环境进行灵活的移动组的设置。例如，可以将处于一列较长的火车上的多个MS划分为属于几个移动组。基站或相关的设备将周期性地或基于更新事件驱动，来监测移动组的状态。通过确定移动组，使得从基站角度，其将组切换作为一个整体来处理，而不是一个个地单独处理。组切换由基站来管理和协调，并且对于该组的MS来说是透明的。切换过程从MS角度只是简化而没有本质的变化。下文中，将确定的移动组内的MS称为组移动站。Specifically, the mobile group can be determined by the base station or related equipment in the network according to the previous information of the MS, such as the moving trajectory, uplink transmission power, time spent in the cell, and cells passed by in the past period of time. Preferably, the base station or related equipment can also perform flexible setting of the mobile group according to the specific environment where the mobile group is located. For example, multiple MSs on a long train can be divided into belonging to several mobility groups. The base station or related equipment will monitor the status of the mobile group periodically or based on update event drive. By determining the mobile group, from the perspective of the base station, it handles the group handover as a whole instead of individually processing each one. Group handover is managed and coordinated by the base station and is transparent to the MSs of the group. From the perspective of MS, the switching process is only simplified without essential changes. Hereinafter, the MSs within the determined mobile group are referred to as group mobile stations.
根据本发明的方案，组切换被分为两个主要的步骤：第一步是对移动组中的第一个移动站进行的符合传统的单移动台切换标准的切换；第二步是移动组中其他组MS的切换。According to the solution of the present invention, the group handover is divided into two main steps: the first step is the handover of the first mobile station in the mobile group in accordance with the traditional single mobile station handover standard; the second step is the handover of the mobile group Switching of MSs in other groups.
在第一步中，一旦SBS获得发送自移动组的一个MS的切换请求，组切换将被触发。或者SBS基于某些原因，例如临时的业务过载、链路拥塞，或所在移动网络只支持网络控制的切换方式等，向移动组内第一个满足切换条件的MS发送切换指令，则组切换也可以被触发。这里，由于移动组中的各MS都具有相似的移动轨迹、移动特征等，因而TBS是相同的。SBS开始发送移动组中所有MS的相关信息到邻近的TBS，并与TBS交换相关的信息。优选地，也可以开始组内所有移动站的切换准备过程序要传送的信息，以及一些与网络重入有关的一些操作，例如重认证、重授权、重注册等等。对于用于移动组的组MS的切换准备的信息交换，可以以批量模式将其打包到单个或若干个分组流中，而不是像传统的解决方案中对每个移动站逐个的处理。In the first step, group handover will be triggered once the SBS gets a handover request sent from one MS of the mobile group. Or the SBS sends a handover instruction to the first MS in the mobile group that meets the handover conditions due to some reasons, such as temporary service overload, link congestion, or the mobile network where it is located only supports the handover mode controlled by the network, and the group handover will also occur. can be triggered. Here, since each MS in the mobility group has similar movement trajectories, movement characteristics, etc., the TBSs are the same. SBS starts to send relevant information of all MSs in the mobile group to adjacent TBSs, and exchanges relevant information with TBSs. Preferably, information to be transmitted during the handover preparation procedure of all mobile stations in the group can also be started, as well as some operations related to network re-entry, such as re-authentication, re-authorization, re-registration and so on. Information exchange for handover preparation of group MSs of a mobile group can be packed into a single or several packet streams in batch mode, instead of being processed one by one for each mobile station as in traditional solutions.
在第二步中，移动组中的所有其他的MS，都将遵循与传统模式相似的过程来触发并完成从SBS到TBS的切换。不同之处在于：切换准备过程中，一些步骤不必再执行，因为在上述第一步骤已经执行完毕，例如重授权、重注册等；优选地，对于移动组，除了第一个触发组切换的MS，当组内其他的MS执行切换时，测距过程可以被省略。这是因为组内所有移动终端都有相同的移动轨迹和类似的位置，他们与任一基站的距离均基本相同，因而触发切换的第一个移动站的测距信息可以被重用于其他组MS。In the second step, all other MSs in the mobile group will trigger and complete the handover from SBS to TBS following the process similar to the traditional mode. The difference is: in the handover preparation process, some steps do not need to be executed, because the first step above has been executed, such as re-authorization, re-registration, etc.; preferably, for the mobile group, except for the first MS that triggers group handover , when other MSs in the group perform handover, the ranging process can be omitted. This is because all mobile terminals in the group have the same moving trajectory and similar positions, and their distance from any base station is basically the same, so the ranging information of the first mobile station that triggers handover can be reused for other group MSs .
图3示出IEEE802.16网络中的组切换过程。其中，MS的当前服务的接入站和目标接入站既可以是基站BS，也可以是中继站RS(RelayStation)。MS1、MS2......MSn是在同一交通工具中的移动组。优选地，他们同时以相同的轨迹从SBS或者SRS向邻近的TBS或者TRS移动。从组MS角度，切换过程像平常一样被执行。他们检测邻近的BS的DL信号，用于小区选择。对于移动组中的一个MS来说，如果满足预先定义的切换阈值，例如MS1满足，则MS1将发送切换请求消息MOB MSHO-REQ到SBS/SRS，以发起单独的切换。推荐的/优选的TBS/TRS列表也将包括在该消息中。收到MOB MSHO-REQ，SBS/SRS搜寻推荐列表中的潜在的TBS/TRS，并为MS1选择一个优选的TBS/TRS。该选中的TBS/TRS也将被视为组内其他MS的TBS/TRS。然后，MS1的相关信息，例如MAC地址、所有候选的目标TBS/TRS、基本能力以及密钥信息，如TEK信息，将被包括在切换预处理请求消息HO pre-notification中，并被发送到TBS/TRS，用于进入控制。同时，组内其他MS的相关信息也将被传送到TBS/TRS。SBS/SRS一得到来自TBS/TRS的切换预处理响应消息，就发送切换响应消息给MS1。这些组MS的相关信息将被以批量模式处理，用以开销的减少，而不是像通常逐个处理MS的切换的方式那样使用多个流逐个处理。优选地，SBS/SRS可以基于多种策略对组移动站的信息进行批量模式处理。例如在一个单独的分组流中传送，或者根据具体的网络环境分别在若干个分组流中传送。优选地，SBS/SRS将第一个MS的相关信息和组内其他MS的相关信息分开处理，将MS单独传送给TBS/TRS，优选地首先对其进行传送，将组内其他MS的相关信息以批量模式处理，将其装在一个/若干个分组流中传送给TBS/TRS，这部分信息的传送不必一定在MS1的切换准备阶段完成，可以根据具体的网络环境而持续进行。从而，SBS/SRS不必等待TBS/TRS对所有信息的响应，只要TBS/TRS对第一个MS的信息发出切换准备响应，SBS/SRS便向MS发送切换响应消息，这将进一步提高切换的效率，避免MS1切换可能出现的额外延时。接收到切换响应消息后，MS1发送切换指示给SBS。随后，开始用于MS1的测距和网络重入步骤。安全密钥、CID以及一些其他信息将在这个阶段被更新。此后，MS1便完成了从SBS/SRS到TBS/TRS的切换。Fig. 3 shows the group switching process in IEEE802.16 network. Wherein, the currently serving access station and the target access station of the MS may be either a base station BS or a relay station RS (RelayStation). MS1, MS2...MSn are mobile groups in the same vehicle. Preferably, they move from the SBS or SRS to the adjacent TBS or TRS at the same time with the same trajectory. From the group MS perspective, the handover procedure is performed as usual. They detect DL signals of neighboring BSs for cell selection. For one MS in the mobility group, if the predefined handover threshold is met, eg MS1, MS1 will send a handover request message MOB MSHO-REQ to the SBS/SRS to initiate a separate handover. A list of recommended/preferred TBS/TRS will also be included in the message. Upon receipt of the MOB MSHO-REQ, the SBS/SRS searches for potential TBS/TRS in the recommendation list and selects a preferred TBS/TRS for MS1. The selected TBS/TRS will also be regarded as the TBS/TRS of other MSs in the group. Then, relevant information of MS1, such as MAC address, all candidate target TBS/TRS, basic capabilities and key information, such as TEK information, will be included in the handover pre-processing request message HO pre-notification and sent to TBS /TRS for access control. At the same time, relevant information of other MSs in the group will also be sent to TBS/TRS. Once the SBS/SRS gets the handover preprocessing response message from the TBS/TRS, it sends the handover response message to MS1. The relevant information of these groups of MSs will be processed in a batch mode to reduce overhead, instead of using multiple streams to process one by one as in the usual way of processing MS handovers one by one. Preferably, the SBS/SRS can process the information of the group of mobile stations in batch mode based on various strategies. For example, it is transmitted in a single packet stream, or is transmitted in several packet streams according to the specific network environment. Preferably, the SBS/SRS separately processes the relevant information of the first MS and the relevant information of other MSs in the group, and transmits the MS to the TBS/TRS separately, preferably first, and then transmits the relevant information of other MSs in the group It is processed in batch mode and sent to TBS/TRS in one/several packet streams. The transmission of this part of information does not necessarily have to be completed in the handover preparation stage of MS1, and can be continued according to the specific network environment. Therefore, SBS/SRS does not have to wait for TBS/TRS to respond to all information, as long as TBS/TRS sends a handover preparation response to the information of the first MS, SBS/SRS will send a handover response message to MS, which will further improve the efficiency of handover , to avoid additional delays that may occur in MS1 switching. After receiving the handover response message, MS1 sends a handover instruction to the SBS. Then, the ranging and network re-entry steps for MS1 begin. The security key, CID, and some other information will be updated at this stage. Thereafter, MS1 completes the handover from SBS/SRS to TBS/TRS.
优选地，在MS1的网络在进入阶段，TBS/TRS可以根据由上述切换准备过程获得的数据，开始为组内所有MS更新信息，例如各MS的新的CID，用以为此后组内其他MS发起的切换提前做好准备。从而，当移动组内的其他MS发起切换请求后，TBS可以在网络重入阶段直接将预先确定的CID信息发送给MS，而不是临时确定，这将进一步减少延时和业务中断时间。Preferably, when MS1's network is in the entry phase, TBS/TRS can start to update information for all MSs in the group based on the data obtained from the handover preparation process above, such as the new CID of each MS, to initiate a new CID for other MSs in the group. Prepare for the switch in advance. Therefore, when other MSs in the mobile group initiate a handover request, TBS can directly send the predetermined CID information to the MS during the network re-entry phase instead of temporarily determining it, which will further reduce delay and service interruption time.
优选地，在MS1执行切换的过程中，SBS/SRS、TBS/TRS以及他们之间进行的MS的信息交互或处理，均以优先交互/处理MS1的相关信息为原则，在保证MS1像传统的切换方式那样正常、及时地切换的前提下，为移动组内的其他MS的切换提前做好信息交互和准备。Preferably, during the handover process of MS1, the SBS/SRS, TBS/TRS, and the MS information exchange or processing between them are all based on the principle of prioritizing the exchange/processing of MS1 related information, ensuring that MS1 is like a traditional Under the premise of normal and timely handover as in the handover mode, information exchange and preparations are made in advance for the handover of other MSs in the mobility group.
优选地，TBS/TRS向SBS/SRS发送的切换准备响应也被以批量模式传送。Preferably, the Handover Preparation Response sent by TBS/TRS to SBS/SRS is also transmitted in batch mode.
优选地，除了第一个发起组切换的MS，即该实例中的MS1，当组内的MS发起切换请求时，优选的接入站列表或者链路质量报告可以不必包含在切换请求消息中。Preferably, except for the first MS that initiates group handover, that is, MS1 in this example, when MSs in the group initiate a handover request, the preferred access station list or link quality report may not be included in the handover request message.
其他组MS将自己发起从SBS/SRS到TBSTRS的切换，并遵循相似的切换步骤。与传统的切换过程不同的是，由于用于组内所有移动终端的相关信息，或者切换准备过程所需要的信息已经被预先执行，因此移动组内其他MS执行切换时不需要执行切换准备阶段的操作。从而，一旦SBS/SRS接收到来自组内其他MS的切换请求MOB MSHO-REQ消息，SBS/SRS便发送回切换响应MOB BSHO-RSP消息，而不需要等待来自TBS/TRS的响应消息。优选地，由于整组移动站往往位置比较接近并且具有距离基站大致相同的距离，因此通过共享相同的测距信息，除了触发组切换的第一个组MS，所有组内其他MS的测距步骤也可以被省略。从而，对于组内其他MS来说，延迟和业务中断时间被进一步减少。优选地，对于网络重入阶段，组内其他MS的重认证、重授权、重注册等信息已经在其开始切换操作之前，被SBS/SRS传送到TBS/TRS。因此，MS、TBS/TRS之间只需要交互与MS自身密切相关的、在切换之前无法由SBS/SRS预先传送的信息，例如，更新的CID、安全关联标识符SAID(SecurityAssociation Identifier)、切换优化选项、该MS支持的切换类型(例如是网络控制的、MS控制的或MS辅助网络控制的)等。优选地，更新的CID由TBS/TRS预先为执行切换操作的MS确定，从而进一步缩短了切换持续时间。Other groups of MSs will themselves initiate handover from SBS/SRS to TBSTRS and follow similar handover steps. Different from the traditional handover process, since the relevant information for all mobile terminals in the group, or the information required for the handover preparation process has been executed in advance, other MSs in the mobile group do not need to perform the handover preparation stage when performing handover operate. Therefore, once the SBS/SRS receives the handover request MOB MSHO-REQ message from other MSs in the group, the SBS/SRS sends back the handover response MOB BSHO-RSP message without waiting for the response message from the TBS/TRS. Preferably, since the whole group of mobile stations are often located relatively close and have approximately the same distance from the base station, by sharing the same ranging information, the ranging steps of all other MSs in the group except the first group MS that triggers group handover Can also be omitted. Thus, for other MSs in the group, the delay and service interruption time are further reduced. Preferably, for the network re-entry phase, information such as re-authentication, re-authorization, and re-registration of other MSs in the group has been transmitted by the SBS/SRS to the TBS/TRS before it starts the handover operation. Therefore, MS and TBS/TRS only need to exchange information that is closely related to MS itself and cannot be pre-transmitted by SBS/SRS before handover, such as updated CID, Security Association Identifier (SAID), handover optimization options, the type of handover supported by the MS (for example, network-controlled, MS-controlled or MS-assisted network-controlled), etc. Preferably, the updated CID is pre-determined by the TBS/TRS for the MS performing the handover operation, thereby further shortening the handover duration.
作为举例，上文描述了移动组中的MS依次执行切换的实例。然而，本领域技术人员应该理解，在实际应用中，移动组中MS所执行的切换不必是完全依次进行的，也就是说，MS不必等前一MS执行整个切换操作之后，才发起自身的切换。从而，优选地，SBS/SRS可以根据应用情况，如组内MS数量的大小，决定如何对移动组中MS的信息以批量模式处理，以尽量提高TBS/TRS的处理效率。As an example, the above describes an instance where MSs in a mobility group perform handover sequentially. However, those skilled in the art should understand that, in practical applications, the handover performed by the MSs in the mobile group does not have to be completely sequential, that is, the MS does not have to wait for the previous MS to perform the entire handover operation before initiating its own handover . Therefore, preferably, the SBS/SRS can decide how to process the information of the MSs in the mobile group in batch mode according to the application situation, such as the number of MSs in the group, so as to improve the processing efficiency of the TBS/TRS as much as possible.
作为举例，上文具体描述了在IEEE 802.16网络中，执行组切换的过程。然而，本领域技术人员应该理解，SBS/SRS与TBS/TRS之间的在组内第一个MS发起切换时，切换准备阶段所传送的移动组内所有MS的信息不限于上述实例。随着具体应用的网络环境的不同，在切换准备阶段所需要传送的MS相关信息也将不同，根据本发明的思想，在第一个MS的切换准备阶段传送移动组所有MS的哪些信息可以根据需要而灵活设定，只要是根据切换的进程可以预先在SBS/SRS和TBS/TRS两者之间传送的相关的信息，都可以设置在接入站接收到在本发明的移动组中第一个MS发出的切换请求后开始传送。As an example, the process of performing group handover in an IEEE 802.16 network is specifically described above. However, those skilled in the art should understand that when the first MS in the group initiates handover between SBS/SRS and TBS/TRS, the information of all MSs in the mobile group transmitted during the handover preparation stage is not limited to the above example. As the network environment of the specific application is different, the MS-related information that needs to be transmitted in the handover preparation phase will also be different. According to the concept of the present invention, which information of all MSs in the mobile group is transmitted in the handover preparation phase of the first MS can be based on It needs to be flexibly set, as long as it is the relevant information that can be transmitted between SBS/SRS and TBS/TRS in advance according to the handover process, it can be set when the access station receives the first information in the mobile group of the present invention. The transmission starts after the handover request sent by the MS.
作为举例，上文描述了对于移动组内除了第一个触发组切换的MS的其他MS，TBS/TRS根据第一个MS的切换准备阶段传送的信息，预先为其他MS确定CID。本领域技术人员应该理解，此处仅仅为了便于说明，而不应当被理解为对本发明的限制。随着网络应用环境的不同，根据本发明的思想，TBS/TRS可以根据在第一个MS的切换准备阶段传送的信息，也可以结合TBS/TRS的其他与MS将要执行的切换相关的信息，提前为MS确定所有在MS执行切换之前能够预先确定的信息。As an example, it is described above that for other MSs in the mobile group except the first MS that triggers group handover, the TBS/TRS determines CIDs for other MSs in advance according to the information transmitted by the first MS in the handover preparation stage. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the description herein is only for convenience of description, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. As the network application environment is different, according to the idea of the present invention, TBS/TRS can be based on the information transmitted in the handover preparation stage of the first MS, and can also be combined with other information related to the handover that the MS will perform in combination with TBS/TRS, All information that can be predetermined before the MS performs handover is determined for the MS in advance.
图4示出了根据本发明的设置在SBS/SRS中的装置。如图4所示，该装置可以包括移动组确定模块，用于将移动站MS组成移动组；判断模块，用于判断切换请求是否来自移动组的第一个发起组切换的MS；组切换控制模块，用于对组切换进行管理，如果切换请求是移动组的第一个切换请求，则在该MS的切换准备阶段，开始将移动组的所有MS的相关信息以批量模式发送给TBS/TRS。如果不是，则表明该切换请求来自移动组内其他MS，则在切换过程中，对于之前已经发送给TBS/TRS的信息，就不需要重复发送了，例如上述实例中移动组中其他MS的相关信息、重认证、重授权、重注册信息等。Fig. 4 shows an arrangement according to the present invention arranged in a SBS/SRS. As shown in Figure 4, the device may include a mobile group determination module for forming mobile stations MS into a mobile group; a judging module for judging whether the handover request comes from the first MS that initiates group handover in the mobile group; group handover control Module, used to manage the group handover, if the handover request is the first handover request of the mobile group, then in the handover preparation phase of the MS, start sending the relevant information of all MSs in the mobile group to TBS/TRS in batch mode . If not, it indicates that the handover request comes from other MSs in the mobile group. During the handover process, the information that has been sent to TBS/TRS before does not need to be sent repeatedly, such as the relevant information of other MSs in the mobile group in the above example. , re-authentication, re-authorization, re-registration information, etc.
可选的，该装置也可以包括接收模块以替代移动组确定模块，用于接收移动组信息。相应地，确定移动组的工作由网络中的其他设备来完成，例如单独的用于确定移动组的服务器，或者其他具有冗余资源的接入站等。Optionally, the device may also include a receiving module to replace the mobile group determining module, for receiving mobile group information. Correspondingly, the work of determining the mobility group is completed by other devices in the network, such as a separate server for determining the mobility group, or other access stations with redundant resources.
可选的，当该装置设置在现有的无线网络中的接入站中时，接入站除了具有普通的接入站所具有的用于接收与切换相关的信息的接收装置、用于发送与切换相关的信息的发送装置外，还包括了如图4所示实现网络中的组切换的装置。Optionally, when the device is set in an access station in an existing wireless network, the access station has a receiving device for receiving handover-related information and a sending device for sending In addition to the device for sending information related to handover, a device for realizing group handover in the network is also included as shown in FIG. 4 .
图5示出了根据本发明的设置在TBS/TRS中的装置。如图5所示，该装置可以包括接收模块，用于接收以批量模式发送的移动组的所有MS的相关信息；组切换信息确定模块，用于根据接收的信息，提前为MS确定切换相关的信息。Fig. 5 shows an arrangement according to the present invention arranged in a TBS/TRS. As shown in Figure 5, the device may include a receiving module, configured to receive information related to all MSs in the mobile group sent in batch mode; a group handover information determining module, configured to determine handover-related information for the MS in advance according to the received information information.
可选的，当该装置设置在现有的无线网络中的接入站中时，接入站除了具有普通的接入站所具有的用于接收与切换相关的信息的接收装置、用于发送与切换相关的信息的发送装置外，还包括了如图5所示实现网络中的组切换的装置。Optionally, when the device is set in an access station in an existing wireless network, the access station has a receiving device for receiving handover-related information and a sending device for sending In addition to the device for sending information related to handover, a device for realizing group handover in the network is also included as shown in FIG. 5 .
虽然上文中主要以基站BS或中继站RS为例，但是本发明中为移动组提供服务的网络设备可以是基站、中继站以及无线网络中可以为移动站提供接入的任何网络设备、装置、节点。尽管上文中主要以移动站MS为例，但是本领域技术人员应当理解，其不应当作为对本发明的限制。例如在不同的技术标准中，对移动站的名称也可能不同，如3GPP中移动站则被称为用户设备UE。本发明中的移动站可以是在具有提供接入业务的网络设备的无线网络中移动并使用无线网络中的某些业务的任何类型的终端，如手机、PDA等。Although the base station BS or the relay station RS are mainly used as examples above, the network equipment providing services for the mobile group in the present invention can be base stations, relay stations, and any network equipment, devices, and nodes that can provide access for mobile stations in the wireless network. Although the mobile station MS is mainly used as an example above, those skilled in the art should understand that it should not be used as a limitation to the present invention. For example, in different technical standards, the name of the mobile station may also be different. For example, in 3GPP, the mobile station is called user equipment UE. The mobile station in the present invention can be any type of terminal that moves in a wireless network with network equipment providing access services and uses certain services in the wireless network, such as mobile phones, PDAs, etc.
本发明的方法可以由软件实施、也可以由硬件模块、装置、设备来实施，或者上述的组合，例如ASIC。并且上述软件、模块、装置、设备可位于同一物理节点或设备，也可以位于分离的物理节点或设备。The method of the present invention can be implemented by software, or by hardware modules, devices, equipment, or a combination of the above, such as ASIC. In addition, the above-mentioned software, modules, devices, and devices may be located on the same physical node or device, or may be located on separate physical nodes or devices.
上述实例以及附图仅仅用于说明本发明的思想，不应当被理解为对本发明的限制，例如方法流程不必完全与本发明的流程严格地一一对应，也可以对上述装置/模块的具体结构进行进一步的拆分、合并。本领域技术人员能够理解，除了上述实例，任何基于本发明的思想的实施方案均可落入本发明的保护范围之内。The above examples and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the idea of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For example, the method flow does not have to be strictly one-to-one corresponding to the flow of the present invention, and the specific structure of the above-mentioned device/module can also be Carry out further splitting and merging. Those skilled in the art can understand that, in addition to the above examples, any implementation based on the idea of the present invention can fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| PCT/CN2008/072199WO2010022560A1 (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Method and apparatus for group handover in wireless network |
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| CN200880130195.4AActiveCN102084691B (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Method and device for group switching in wireless network |
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