Background technology
Mainly the cause harm root of various vegetables of root-knot nematode shows as lateral root and fibrous root more normally increases, and forms the spherical or conical white root nodule that differs in size on the fibrous root of young root, and what have is the beads shape.Short and small, slow, the leaf color anomaly of killed strain overground part growth, the result is few, yields poorly, even causes plant dead ahead of time.The nematode of the known vegetables of causing harm mainly contains high nut tie lines worm, peanut root-knot nematode, northern root-knot nematode and Meloidogyne incognita at present.The nematode host range is extensive, and 30 various vegetables such as melon, the solanberry class of often causing harm, beans and radish, calabash radish, lettuce, Chinese cabbage can also be propagated some fungies and bacterial disease.
Avermectin is that the Biocidal miticide that receives much concern now also is a nematocide efficiently, and stem eelworm, root-knot nematode, pratylenchus etc. are all had good control efficiency, is recommended to use as the pesticide species of high-efficiency low-toxicity by the national Ministry of Agriculture.Avermectin is the new antibiotic class insecticides, miticides and nematicide agent of extracting through microbial fermentation, have efficient, wide spectrum, the term of validity long, be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, easily degraded, noresidue, characteristics such as safe in utilization, be more satisfactory biopesticide in the current pest integrated control.Can be decomposed by microbial metabolism in soil by photodissociation in environment, can not be entered in the plant corpus by the root system of plant absorption, be quite safe to environment therefore.
Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paecilomyces lilacinus are effective bacterial parasites of Meloidogyne incognita and white Cyst nematode ovum, to the ovum parasitic rate of Meloidogyne incognita up to 60%～70%.All having control to imitate to multiple nematode, is the most promising biological prevention and control agent of control root-knot nematode.This fungi preparation with this bacterium commercialization, is sold with BIOCON in Philippine Ya Zhou technique center.At home, Hua Yuanfeng farming (Beijing) bio tech ltd is released the bottled preparation of 100g/ bottle with 10,000,000,000/gram spore preparation alive, goes on the market.The physiological function of Paecilomyces lilacinus secondary metabolites: root system of plant is executed bacterium can not only obviously suppress nematode infection, and can promote the growth of plant nutrition organ, and the sprouting to seed simultaneously also has facilitation with growth; Can produce the rich chitin enzyme, chitinase has degradation to chitin, and it can promote the hatching of line eggs, improves the parasitic rate of paecilomycerol to nematode; Can promote the dissolving of difficultly-soluble phosphates, laboratory research confirms: the solubilizing effect of paecilomycerol reaches 30%, and other nematode antagonism bacterium reaches 20%～40%.Similar research shows that also Paecilomyces varioti can also promote the decomposition of many chemical polymerization things (as agricultural chemicals, leather-making waste water etc.), and this proof Paecilomyces lilacinus has certain environmental protection effect.
Owing to long-term, single use or pesticide abuse, insect has produced pesticide resistance to insecticide, even develops into cross tolerance and multiresistance, makes many pesticide species lose effectiveness in the agricultural production.And the development cycle of novel pesticide is long, does not often give material assistance to again, and this is that agricultural is protected the major obstacles of producing.The progress of pesticide research shows: overcome and delay the pesticide resistance of insect, prolong the service life of old pesticide species, carry out agriculture chemical compounding and use, be an effective measure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of agriculture root-knot nematode that is used to prevent, root-knot nematode is had the nematicidal composition that contains Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus of better prevention effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of nematicidal composition that contains Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus, its characteristics are that said composition contains Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus; Make the nematicidal composition of 100g, the content of its each composition is:
Avermectin: 0.1g～5g;
Paecilomyces lilacinus: 1～1,000,000,000 spore/g alive;
Stabilizing agent: 1g～10g;
Solvent: 1g～90g;
Auxiliary agent: 10g～90g;
Wherein, auxiliary agent is any one or any two kinds combination among concavo-convex rod, kaolin, sepiolite, fine particle calcium carbonate, the diatomite, and makes granule or suspending agent or wetting powder;
Stabilizing agent is any one or any two kinds combination among castor oil, soybean oil, epoxidized soybean oil, propane diols, methyl oleate, ethylene glycol, dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT), the butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA);
Solvent is any one among dimethylbenzene, trimethylbenzene, the dimethyl formamide.
The present invention is equipped with the nematicidal composition that suitable adjuvant is made by adopting Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus, and this composition has following technique effect:
(1) can not only obviously suppress nematode infection, can promote the growth of plant nutrition organ, the sprouting to seed simultaneously also has facilitation with growth; And can also produce the rich chitin enzyme, improve the parasitic rate of paecilomycerol to nematode; Other nematode antagonism bacterium is reached 20%～40%.
(2) this product has not only solved Avermectin, Paecilomyces lilacinus and has combined the problem that influences drug effect with soil, has played slow releasing function, prolongs the drug effect term of validity, pass through the combination of two kinds of materials simultaneously, control to nematode has played synergistic effect, reduces consumption, strengthens control efficiency, quickened to prevent and treat efficient, saved the control cost, and be difficult for making agricultural chemicals by atmosphere, sunlight and rainwater destroy and run off, effectively control prevents and treats the change of ecotope to phreatic pollution.
(3) the present invention compared with prior art, it is few to have an equipment investment, technology is easy to control, constant product quality can be produced continuously, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production, yield is higher than 99%.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with implementing:
Embodiment
A kind of nematicidal composition that contains Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus of the present invention, said composition contains Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus; As making the nematicidal composition of 100g, the content of its each composition is:
Avermectin: 0.1g～5g;
Paecilomyces lilacinus: 1～1,000,000,000 spore/g alive;
Stabilizing agent: 1g～10g;
Solvent: 1g～90g;
Auxiliary agent: 10g～90g;
Wherein, auxiliary agent is any one or any two kinds combination among concavo-convex rod, kaolin, sepiolite, fine particle calcium carbonate, the diatomite, and makes granule or suspending agent or wetting powder;
Stabilizing agent is any one or any two kinds combination among castor oil, soybean oil, epoxidized soybean oil, propane diols, methyl oleate, ethylene glycol, dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT), the butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA);
Solvent is any one among dimethylbenzene, trimethylbenzene, the dimethyl formamide.
Following mask body case is set forth the present invention:
Take by weighing quantitative Avermectin, with dimethyl formamide (DMF) 2% dissolving, methyl oleate 2%, castor oil 1% adds a certain amount of Paecilomyces lilacinus zymotic fluid, evenly mixes; Take by weighing about 85% (carrier process in advance screens, and is fit to be used for doing granule) of kaolin support; The even sprinkling of above-mentioned mixed liquor to carrier, is made needed granule.
1) research of synergistic effect is the pesticide resistance that overcomes and delay insect, prolongs the service life of old pesticide species, and we carry out agriculture chemical compounding with Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus, and research is to the synergistic effect of Meloidogyne incognita.
The tomato root of picking artificial infection Meloidogyne incognita is smashed with tissue mashing machine. and cross 200 orders, 325 orders, 500 order nematode standard screens successively, the worm's ovum with on aseptic water washing 500 mesh sieves is mixed with ovum suspension (100 ovum mL-1).Other puts the part ovum hatches in sterile water, gets the larva alive (2 instar larvae) that hatched in the 2nd day and supplies test.Fresh Paecilomyces lilacinus zymotic fluid is mixed with certain density mother liquor, press (6: 1,4: 1,2: 1,1: 1 and 1: 2) proportioning with Avermectin then, test is to nematode larval or ovum suspension (100 nematode/mL, or 100 ovum/mL, in relative moisture 80%～90%, cultivating under 24～26 ℃ of conditions of temperature, is contrast with the clear water, and each is handled 3 times and repeats) virulence.Its co-toxicity coefficient is respectively 136.30,183.99,204.49,137.31,120.82 according to the order of sequence.Show as synergistic effect according to CTC 〉=120, from above result as can be known, Paecilomyces lilacinus and abamectin compounded all has obvious synergistic effect to nematode, and wherein the proportioning of Paecilomyces lilacinus and Avermectin thinks that synergistic effect in 2: 1 o'clock is the most obvious.According to result of the test, the medication custom in conjunction with producing actual and peasant with Paecilomyces lilacinus+Avermectin=500,000,000/gram+0.5%, is mixed with Paecilomyces lilacinus Avermectin formulation.
2) case: land for growing field crops granular formulation for killing nematode preparation method
The invention provides the case of a kind of granular formulation for killing nematode that contains Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus combination and preparation method thereof: each component and mass percent thereof are Avermectin 0.5% in the granule, the zymotic fluid that contains 5,000,000,000 Paecilomyces lilacinus spore alive accounts for 10%, cosolvent 2%, binding agent 1%, stabilizing agent 2%, all the other are carrier.Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus granular formulation for killing nematode are produced by following steps: (1) is dissolved in Avermectin in the homogenizer that solvent and cosolvent are housed; (2) mixed and homogenize after joining binding agent and stabilizing agent, Paecilomyces lilacinus zymotic fluid in the homogenizer that above-mentioned solution is housed, obtained Avermectin and Paecilomyces lilacinus admixing medical solutions that outward appearance has certain viscosity, homogeneous; (3) the Avermectin admixing medical solutions that makes transfer to can be quantitative high-level container in; (4) carrier quantitation that will make granule is rendered in the agitator, and (5) start agitator, opens the bleeder valve of high-level container, quantitatively adds Avermectin and the Paecilomyces lilacinus admixing medical solutions that mixes, and adds until soup; (6) the inspection absorption method is made the effect of granule, and every technical indicator of check product.The present invention compared with prior art, it is few to have an equipment investment, technology is easy to control, constant product quality can be produced continuously, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production, yield is higher than 99%.Avermectin that this method is produced and Paecilomyces lilacinus granule have not only solved Avermectin, Paecilomyces lilacinus and have combined the problem that influences drug effect with soil, played slow releasing function, prolong the drug effect term of validity, pass through the combination of two kinds of materials simultaneously, control to nematode has played synergistic effect, reduce consumption, strengthen control efficiency, quickened to prevent and treat efficient, saved the control cost, and be difficult for making agricultural chemicals by atmosphere, sunlight and rainwater destroy and run off, effectively control prevents and treats the change of ecotope to phreatic pollution.
More promisingly be, Paecilomyces lilacinus can not only obviously suppress nematode infection, and can promote the growth of plant nutrition organ, and the sprouting to seed simultaneously also has facilitation with growth; Can produce the rich chitin enzyme, improve the parasitic rate of paecilomycerol nematode; Other nematode antagonism bacterium is reached 20%～40%; According to documents and materials, lichee stinkbug silk worm, scotinophora lurida that Paecilomyces lilacinus can parasitic Semiptera; The leafhopper of Homoptera, brown planthopper; The termite of Isoptera; Sweet potato weevil of coleoptera and lepidopterous cluster caterpillar, moths attracted by lamplight etc.; To phytopathogen, very high antagonism usefulness is all arranged as corn southern leaf blight, wheat scab, cucumber anthracnose, cotton wilt and water rice bakanae disease; Similar research shows that also Paecilomyces varioti can also promote the decomposition of many chemical polymerization things (as agricultural chemicals, leather-making waste water etc.), has certain environmental protection effect.
Adopt product of the present invention, make cucumber root-knot nematode field control effectiveness test, every processing triplicate, the repetition in every sub-district is adopted district's group arrangement at random, sub-district area 20m2The preplanting treatment dispenser is shallow to be mixed in broadcasting, sowing immediately.Respectively at 20 days, 40 days investigation root-knot nematode quantity behind the medicine.Adopt the diagonal sampling method, every some sampling 3 strains, the record standard of investigation disease index and the harm of incidence of disease root-knot nematode, what that give birth to according to root knot the state of an illness is divided into Pyatyi:
0 grade of no root knot;
1 grade of root knot accounts for 1%～25% of full root system;
2 grades of root knots account for 26%～50% of full root system;
3 grades of root knots account for 51%～75% of full root system;
4 grades of root knots account for 76%～100% of full root system.
Be calculated as follows the disease index of tomato root-knot eelworm:
Result of the test sees Table 2
Table 2 medicament is to the control efficiency of cucumber root-knot nematode
Field experiment result shows: the relative happy lot of this product is many, and the cucumber root-knot nematode is had better control efficiency.