CN102062713B - Device for testing high-temperature load-carrying properties of aluminum and aluminum alloy electric power apparatuses of power transmission line - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，包括控制计算机、高温箱、电液伺服拉力试验机、载荷保持控制系统和试样专用夹具，所述的高温箱受控于温度控制器，并设置在拉力试验机的上夹头和下夹头之间；所述的专用夹具包括上拉杆和下拉杆，所述的上拉杆上端设有与拉力试验机上夹头连接的支承座，上拉杆的下端穿入所述的高温箱，端部设有一个试样连接件，所述的下拉杆的下端与拉力试验机的下夹头连接，上端穿入所述的高温箱，顶部设有试样连接头。本发明能满足在高温下对试样进行长时间加载测试，模拟电力器材的实际运行环境，获得电力器材在高温承载条件下的强度损失率，为耐高温电力器材提供相关的试验数据和设计依据。

The invention discloses a device for testing the high-temperature load-carrying performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines, which includes a control computer, a high-temperature box, an electro-hydraulic servo tensile testing machine, a load maintenance control system and a special fixture for samples. It is controlled by a temperature controller, and is arranged between the upper chuck and the lower chuck of the tensile testing machine; the special fixture includes an upper pull rod and a lower rod, and the upper end of the upper pull rod is provided with a connection with the upper chuck of the tensile testing machine. The lower end of the upper pull rod penetrates into the high temperature box, and a sample connector is provided at the end, the lower end of the lower pull rod is connected with the lower chuck of the tensile testing machine, and the upper end penetrates into the high temperature chamber. Box with a sample connector on the top. The invention can meet the requirements of long-term loading test on samples at high temperature, simulate the actual operating environment of electric equipment, obtain the strength loss rate of electric equipment under high temperature load conditions, and provide relevant test data and design basis for high temperature resistant electric equipment .

Description

Translated fromChinese

输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置High-temperature load-bearing performance test device for aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment of transmission lines

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及测试技术领域，尤其涉及电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，具体地说是一种输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置。The invention relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to a device for testing the high-temperature load-bearing performance of electric equipment, in particular to a device for testing the high-temperature load-bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines.

背景技术Background technique

目前相关国家标准中对铝及铝合金电力器材的破坏强度测试是在常温下进行的，但随着输送容量的不断提高，导线及与其配套的电力器材的运行温度也在不断提升。在铝及铝合金器材的设计标准中，其强度按照最高使用温度为70℃时校核，而当器材与耐热导线相配套时，其运行温度可达200℃，接近了铝及铝合金的再结晶温度（软化温度）。而金属材料长期在高温下运行时，其强度一般会随着温度的升高而不断降低。At present, the destructive strength test of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment in the relevant national standards is carried out at room temperature, but with the continuous increase of transmission capacity, the operating temperature of the wire and its supporting power equipment is also increasing. In the design standards of aluminum and aluminum alloy equipment, its strength is checked according to the maximum operating temperature of 70°C, and when the equipment is matched with heat-resistant wires, its operating temperature can reach 200°C, which is close to that of aluminum and aluminum alloy. Recrystallization temperature (softening temperature). When metal materials are operated at high temperature for a long time, their strength will generally decrease with the increase of temperature.

现有的国内外对输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材的强度测试试验机都为在常温下进行，无高温加热装置，虽然部分试验机有载荷保持功能，但其载荷保持时间都比较短，无法长时间（400小时以上）地保持较高的载荷。因此现有的试验装置无法真实反映电力器材在实际运行状态下的破坏强度。Existing testing machines for strength testing of transmission line aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment at home and abroad are all carried out at room temperature without high-temperature heating devices. Although some testing machines have a load holding function, their load holding time is relatively short and cannot Maintain a high load for a long time (over 400 hours). Therefore, the existing test devices cannot truly reflect the destructive strength of electrical equipment under actual operating conditions.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的是现有技术存在的上述问题，旨在提供一种改进型的铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能装置，即能在常温下对试样进行短时间加载测试，同时也能满足在高温下对试样进行长时间加载测试。The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and aims to provide an improved high-temperature load-bearing performance device for aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment, which can carry out short-time loading tests on samples at room temperature, and can also Meet the long-term loading test on the sample at high temperature.

为解决上述问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，包括控制计算机、高温箱、电液伺服拉力试验机、载荷保持控制系统和试样专用夹具，其特征在于所述的高温箱受控于温度控制器，并设置在拉力试验机的上夹头和下夹头之间；所述的专用夹具包括上拉杆和下拉杆，所述的上拉杆上端设有与拉力试验机上夹头连接的支承座，上拉杆的下端穿入所述的高温箱，端部设有一个试样连接件，所述的下拉杆的下端与拉力试验机的下夹头连接，上端穿入所述的高温箱，顶部设有一个试样连接头；In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: the high-temperature load-bearing performance test device for aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment of transmission lines, including a control computer, a high-temperature box, an electro-hydraulic servo tensile testing machine, a load holding control system and a special fixture for samples, It is characterized in that the high-temperature box is controlled by a temperature controller and is arranged between the upper chuck and the lower chuck of the tensile testing machine; the special clamp includes an upper pull rod and a lower rod, and the upper end of the upper pull rod There is a supporting seat connected with the upper chuck of the tensile testing machine, the lower end of the upper pull rod penetrates into the high-temperature box, and a sample connector is provided at the end, and the lower end of the lower pull rod is connected with the lower chuck of the tensile testing machine. connection, the upper end penetrates into the high-temperature box, and a sample connector is provided on the top;

所述支承座通过两侧的楔面与试验机上夹头的楔面贴合；所述的上拉杆通过一个调心球与所述的支承座的内侧球面槽可调配合，支承座上开设有供上拉杆穿越的中心孔和球面槽，在所述球面槽放置所述的调心球，调心球的下表面为与支承座球面槽相等曲率的球面，使调心球和支承座的球面槽贴合，将上拉杆穿过调心球和支承座，在上拉杆上端旋入螺母，螺母的一个端面与调心球上表面贴合。The support seat fits the wedge surface of the chuck on the testing machine through the wedge surfaces on both sides; the upper pull rod can be adjusted and matched with the inner spherical groove of the support seat through a self-aligning ball, and the support seat is equipped with The central hole and spherical groove for the upper rod to pass through, place the self-aligning ball in the spherical groove, the lower surface of the self-aligning ball is a spherical surface with the same curvature as the spherical groove of the support seat, so that the spherical surface of the self-aligning ball and the support seat Fit the groove, pass the upper tie rod through the self-aligning ball and the support seat, screw the nut on the upper end of the upper tie rod, and one end surface of the nut fits on the upper surface of the self-aligning ball.

本发明的装置，在“机械负载+恒定高温+长时间”这三个条件下测试，模拟电力器材的实际运行环境，获得电力器材在高温承载条件下的强度损失率（与常温下强度进行对比），为耐高温电力器材提供相关的试验数据和设计依据。The device of the present invention is tested under the three conditions of "mechanical load + constant high temperature + long time", simulates the actual operating environment of electric equipment, and obtains the strength loss rate of electric equipment under high temperature load conditions (compared with the strength at normal temperature ), providing relevant test data and design basis for high temperature resistant power equipment.

本发明装置可以将被测试样加载到12~600kN之间的任一载荷，加温到室温~200℃之间的任一温度，并稳定地保持载荷在400小时以上，在载荷保持阶段结束后可继续加载直至试样破坏，获得被测电力器材在一定温度、一定载荷和一定保持时间后的破坏强度。The device of the present invention can load the tested sample to any load between 12 and 600kN, heat it to any temperature between room temperature and 200°C, and keep the load stably for more than 400 hours. It can continue to load until the sample is destroyed, and obtain the failure strength of the electric equipment under test after a certain temperature, a certain load and a certain holding time.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的上拉杆和试样连接件之间可脱卸连接。所述的下拉杆和试样连接头之间可脱卸连接。根据不同类型的试样，可以方便地更换试样连接件和试样连接头。As a further improvement of the present invention, the connection between the pull-up rod and the sample connecting piece is detachable. There is a detachable connection between the lower rod and the sample connection head. According to different types of samples, the sample connectors and sample connectors can be easily replaced.

作为本发明的再进一步改进，所述的上拉杆通过一个调心球与所述的支承座的内侧球面槽可调配合。上述调心球和支承座之间的球面配合结构能够将一对试验力自动调整成同轴，以减少试验力不同轴对试验结果带来的影响。As a further improvement of the present invention, the pull-up rod can be adjusted to cooperate with the inner spherical groove of the support seat through a self-aligning ball. The spherical fit structure between the above-mentioned self-aligning ball and the support seat can automatically adjust a pair of test forces to be coaxial, so as to reduce the influence of different test forces on the test results.

作为本发明的更进一步改进，所述的载荷保持控制系统与一个液压油冷却系统相连。由于试验机在工作时，其压强传递介质（液压油）需在高压下不断流动，而且受到电机、齿轮泵等工作时散发热量的影响，液压油在长时间循环工作时（长时间载荷保持状态），其温度会不断升高。为此，本发明引入了液压油冷却系统。将载荷保持控制系统的油缸侧面一端靠近底部的位置和油缸侧面另一端顶部位置开两个孔，前者连接冷却系统的进油口，后者连接冷却系统的出油口。液压油不断地通过冷却系统进行热交换达到降温目的，使本发明装置在长时间工作时保证油温的稳定，进一步提高了测试系统的可靠性。As a further improvement of the present invention, the load maintenance control system is connected with a hydraulic oil cooling system. Because the pressure transmission medium (hydraulic oil) of the testing machine needs to flow continuously under high pressure when the testing machine is working, and is affected by the heat emitted by the motor, gear pump, etc. ), its temperature will continue to rise. For this reason, the present invention has introduced hydraulic oil cooling system. Two holes are opened on the side of the oil cylinder of the load holding control system near the bottom and at the top of the other end of the oil cylinder. The former is connected to the oil inlet of the cooling system, and the latter is connected to the oil outlet of the cooling system. The hydraulic oil continuously conducts heat exchange through the cooling system to achieve the purpose of cooling, so that the device of the present invention can ensure the stability of the oil temperature when it works for a long time, and further improves the reliability of the test system.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明装置整体结构的示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.

图2是本发明装置在工作时各系统之间的相互关系框图。Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the interrelationship between various systems of the device of the present invention when it is working.

图3是载荷保持系统构架框图。Figure 3 is a block diagram of the load holding system.

图4是高温箱2的安装示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of thehigh temperature box 2 .

图5是试验机、高温箱和专用夹具的装配示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the testing machine, high temperature box and special fixtures.

图6是专用夹具的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the special fixture.

图7是上拉杆组件的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the pull-up rod assembly.

图8是上拉杆组件的装配示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the pull-up rod assembly.

图9是下拉杆的结构示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull-down rod.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

参照图1，本发明的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，包括控制计算机4、高温箱2、电液伺服拉力试验机1、载荷保持控制系统7、液压油冷却系统8和电力器材破坏载荷测试专用夹具3，所述的高温箱2设置在拉力试验机1的上夹头9和下夹头10之间。Referring to Fig. 1, the high-temperature load-carrying performance test device of transmission line aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment of the present invention includes a control computer 4, a high-temperature box 2, an electro-hydraulic servo tensile testing machine 1, a loadmaintenance control system 7, a hydraulicoil cooling system 8 and Aspecial jig 3 for destructive load testing of electrical equipment, thehigh temperature box 2 is arranged between theupper chuck 9 and thelower chuck 10 of the tensile testing machine 1 .

参照图2，在高温箱内设有一个固定的温度传感器和10个可活动的温度传感器。所述的10个可活动的温度传感器用于测量空间范围内和试样不同部位的温度值，用以判断被测试样的各个部分是否已经达到设定温度。所述的温度传感器感应的信号通过温度采集器输出给控制计算机进行计算和处理。所述的固定温度传感器用来感应箱内温度，并将信号输出给温度控制器，由温度控制器控制高温箱的箱内温度在一定的范围内。温度控制器采用可编程控制，可以分段设置升温速率和温度保持时间，即可实现温度的梯度升高和循环。Referring to Figure 2, there is a fixed temperature sensor and 10 movable temperature sensors in the high temperature box. The 10 movable temperature sensors are used to measure the temperature values of different parts of the sample in the space and to judge whether each part of the sample to be tested has reached the set temperature. The signal sensed by the temperature sensor is output to the control computer through the temperature collector for calculation and processing. The fixed temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature inside the box, and outputs the signal to the temperature controller, and the temperature controller controls the temperature inside the high-temperature box within a certain range. The temperature controller adopts programmable control, which can set the heating rate and temperature holding time in sections, so as to realize the gradient increase and cycle of temperature.

完成测试所需的载荷由电液伺服拉力试验机提供。为了保证试验机能够在长时间、高载荷条件下的稳定工作，本发明引入了液压油冷却系统8。所述的液压油冷却系统8和载荷保持控制系统7的油路联通，而载荷保持控制系统7与电液伺服拉力试验机1油路联通，这样，液压油不断地通过冷却系统进行热交换达到降温目的。The load required to complete the test is provided by an electro-hydraulic servo tensile testing machine. In order to ensure that the testing machine can work stably under long-term and high-load conditions, the present invention introduces a hydraulicoil cooling system 8 . The hydraulicoil cooling system 8 is connected to the oil circuit of the loadholding control system 7, and the loadholding control system 7 is connected to the oil circuit of the electro-hydraulic servo tensile testing machine 1. In this way, the hydraulic oil is continuously exchanged through the cooling system to achieve Cooling purpose.

参照图3，电力器材的高温承载性能测试过程中需要对试样施加一恒定载荷，并保持这一载荷将超过400小时，上述条件由载荷保持系统提供。本发明中的载荷保持系统由位移传感器、拉力传感器和计算机控制载荷动态补偿系统组成。由位移传感器测量试样的形状变化，由拉力传感器感知试样的载荷波动，将这两者的变化同时输入计算机中的载荷动态补偿系统，由计算机控制系统输出补偿信号至电液伺服阀，通过电液伺服阀控制压力油缸的进油量大小，从而实现载荷的实时动态补偿和稳定。Referring to Figure 3, during the high temperature bearing performance test of electrical equipment, a constant load needs to be applied to the sample, and the load will be maintained for more than 400 hours. The above conditions are provided by the load holding system. The load maintaining system in the present invention is composed of a displacement sensor, a tension sensor and a computer-controlled load dynamic compensation system. The shape change of the sample is measured by the displacement sensor, the load fluctuation of the sample is sensed by the tension sensor, and the changes of the two are simultaneously input into the load dynamic compensation system in the computer, and the computer control system outputs the compensation signal to the electro-hydraulic servo valve, through The electro-hydraulic servo valve controls the oil intake of the pressure cylinder, so as to realize real-time dynamic compensation and stability of the load.

参照图4，高温箱2架设在可调节高度的支架上，并在支架上可进行前后移动，使箱体可以适应不同形状的试样和夹具。所述的支架包括垂直导轨18和横向悬臂17，所述高温箱2设置在所述的横向悬臂17的支板16上，横向悬臂17上还设有限位块15。所述的垂直导轨18固定在地面上，横向悬臂17可以沿垂直导轨18上下移动，在调整到位后由固定件19锁定。所述的高温箱2顶部和底部开设有供专用夹具3穿越的通孔14。Referring to Fig. 4, thehigh temperature box 2 is erected on a height-adjustable bracket, and can move back and forth on the bracket, so that the box body can adapt to samples and fixtures of different shapes. The support includes avertical guide rail 18 and atransverse cantilever 17 , thehigh temperature box 2 is arranged on thesupport plate 16 of thetransverse cantilever 17 , and alimit block 15 is also provided on thetransverse cantilever 17 . Thevertical guide rail 18 is fixed on the ground, and thetransverse cantilever 17 can move up and down along thevertical guide rail 18, and is locked by thefixing member 19 after being adjusted in place. The top and bottom of thehigh temperature box 2 are provided with throughholes 14 through which thespecial fixture 3 passes.

参照图5和图6，所述的专用夹具3包括上拉杆12和下拉杆13。所述的上拉杆12上端设有支承座11，与拉力试验机的上夹头9连接。上拉杆12的下端穿入高温箱2，端部设有一个连接件22，用于连接试样26。所述的下拉杆13的下端与拉力试验机的下夹头10连接，上端穿入高温箱2，顶部设有一个连接头24，用于固定试样26。Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , thespecial clamp 3 includes anupper pull rod 12 and alower pull rod 13 . The upper end of theupper pull rod 12 is provided with abearing seat 11, which is connected with theupper chuck 9 of the tensile testing machine. The lower end of the pull-up rod 12 penetrates into the high-temperature box 2 , and a connectingpiece 22 is provided at the end for connecting thesample 26 . The lower end of the pull-down rod 13 is connected to thelower chuck 10 of the tensile testing machine, the upper end penetrates into the high-temperature box 2, and a connector 24 is provided on the top for fixing thesample 26.

参照图7、图8，本发明的上拉杆12上端设有支承座11，所述支承座11通过两侧的楔面与试验机上夹头9的楔面贴合，支承座11上开设有供上拉杆12穿越的中心孔和球面槽23，在所述球面槽23放置一个调心球21，调心球21的下表面也为与支承座球面槽23相等曲率的球面，使调心球21和支承座的球面槽23贴合。参照图8，上拉杆组件的装配过程如下：将上拉杆12穿过调心球21和支承座11，在上拉杆12上端旋入螺母20，螺母20的一个端面与调心球21上表面贴合。Referring to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the upper end of the pull-up rod 12 of the present invention is provided with asupport seat 11, and thesupport seat 11 fits the wedge surface of theclamp 9 on the testing machine through the wedge surfaces on both sides, and thesupport seat 11 is provided with a The center hole and thespherical groove 23 that theupper tie rod 12 passes through, and a self-aligningball 21 is placed in thespherical groove 23, and the lower surface of the self-aligningball 21 is also a spherical surface with the same curvature as thespherical groove 23 of the bearing seat, so that the self-aligningball 21 Fit with thespherical groove 23 of the bearing seat. Referring to Figure 8, the assembly process of the upper tie rod assembly is as follows: theupper tie rod 12 passes through the self-aligningball 21 and thesupport seat 11, and thenut 20 is screwed into the upper end of theupper tie rod 12, and one end surface of thenut 20 is attached to the upper surface of the self-aligningball 21. combine.

试验时，要求试验机加载在试样上的一对拉力方向相反、大小相等，在上拉杆12下端受到偏离竖直向下的力时，上拉杆12将通过调心球21与支撑面之间的滑动，使上夹头9施加载荷的方向能随着下夹头10做微小的偏离而自动调整。可见，上述调心球21和支承座11之间的球面配合结构能够将一对试验力自动调整成同轴，以减少试验力不同轴对试验结果带来的影响。During the test, it is required that the direction of the pair of tensile forces loaded by the testing machine on the sample is opposite and equal in size. When the lower end of theupper tie rod 12 is subjected to a force that deviates from the vertical downward, theupper tie rod 12 will pass between the self-aligningball 21 and the supporting surface. The sliding of theupper chuck 9 can automatically adjust the load direction along with the slight deviation of thelower chuck 10. It can be seen that the spherical fit structure between the above-mentioned self-aligningball 21 and thesupport seat 11 can automatically adjust a pair of test forces to be coaxial, so as to reduce the influence of the test force on the test results.

本发明所述的调心球21是一个相对广义的概念，可以是全球体或半球体，也可以是任何比率的球面，只要在底部具有部分球面，能够与支承座11形成转动配合即可。在本实施例中采用的是半球面结构。最好，所述的调心球21的上表面为平面，以便与螺母更好地配合。The self-aligningball 21 described in the present invention is a relatively broad concept, which can be a sphere or a hemisphere, or a sphere with any ratio, as long as it has a partial sphere at the bottom and can form a rotational fit with thesupport seat 11 . In this embodiment, a hemispherical structure is adopted. Preferably, the upper surface of the self-aligningball 21 is a plane, so as to better cooperate with the nut.

另一个更为简单的实施方式，所述的调心球21通过焊接或螺纹连接直接与所述的上拉杆12固定，或者两者一体化成形，也能够实现自动调整同轴的功能。而且，可以省掉一个固定螺母，且装配也更为简单。In another simpler embodiment, the self-aligningball 21 is directly fixed to theupper tie rod 12 through welding or threaded connection, or the two are integrally formed, which can also realize the function of automatically adjusting the coaxiality. Moreover, a fixing nut can be omitted, and the assembly is also simpler.

参照图7，所述的上拉杆12下端通过螺纹与连接件22连接。所述的连接件22的形状根据不同的试样结构进行设计。在本实施例中，试样26为悬垂线夹，连接件22为方形框体状夹具。Referring to FIG. 7 , the lower end of the pull-uprod 12 is connected to the connectingpiece 22 through threads. The shape of theconnector 22 is designed according to different sample structures. In this embodiment, thesample 26 is a suspension clamp, and the connectingpiece 22 is a square frame-shaped clamp.

将框体22与悬垂线夹26接触部分的框体表面轮廓机加工成与悬垂线夹底部内表面紧密贴合，使施加在悬垂线夹内表面的为均布载荷而非集中应力，与悬垂线夹26的实际工作情况相吻合。同时将原先与悬垂线夹配套的U型挂板替换成下拉杆，大大简化了在装夹时的装配过程。且原先通过U型挂板连接下拉杆时，U型挂板只能经受单次测试，无法重复使用，采用一体式下拉杆时，将下拉杆上端设计成具有足够的受力支承面，可反复使用而不变形，同时将下拉杆下端设计成圆柱形，可将其直接夹持在试验机的下夹头10上。The frame body surface profile of the contact part of theframe body 22 and thesuspension clamp 26 is machined to closely fit the inner surface of the bottom of the suspension clamp, so that the load applied to the inner surface of the suspension clamp is a uniform load rather than a concentrated stress, which is consistent with the suspension The actual working conditions of thewire clamp 26 match. At the same time, the U-shaped hanging plate originally matched with the suspension clamp is replaced with a pull-down rod, which greatly simplifies the assembly process during clamping. In addition, when connecting the pull-down rod through a U-shaped hanging plate, the U-shaped hanging plate can only withstand a single test and cannot be reused. When using an integrated pull-down rod, the upper end of the pull-down rod is designed to have sufficient force bearing surface, which can be repeated It is used without deformation, and at the same time, the lower end of the pull-down rod is designed into a cylindrical shape, which can be directly clamped on thelower chuck 10 of the testing machine.

操作实例：Operation example:

将本发明的装置用于测试铸造铝合金悬垂线夹电力器材的一种，用于在铁塔上悬挂导线的高温承载性能时，首先将悬垂线夹的其他附件拆下，只将本体进行测试。按照图6所示进行装配和连接，将上拉杆12与框体22通过螺纹连接，将悬垂线夹26内表面与框体22下部贴合，将下拉杆13通过螺栓25与悬垂线夹的两个挂耳27相连。上拉杆12的下半部、框体22、悬垂线夹26和下拉杆13的上半部全部纳入高温箱2内，上下拉杆通过高温箱的上下两个面上直径为Φ50mm的通孔与试验机1的上下夹头9、10连接。待装夹完毕后，将高温箱上下通孔与拉杆之间的间隙用石棉封堵，并且关闭高温箱的门。The device of the present invention is used to test a kind of power equipment of cast aluminum alloy suspension wire clamp. When it is used to suspend the high temperature bearing performance of the wire on the iron tower, first remove other accessories of the suspension wire clamp, and only the main body is tested. Assembled and connected as shown in Figure 6, theupper pull rod 12 and theframe body 22 are connected by threads, the inner surface of thesuspension wire clamp 26 is attached to the lower part of theframe body 22, and thelower rod 13 is passed through the twobolts 25 and the suspension wire clamp. A hangingear 27 is connected. The lower half of theupper pull rod 12, theframe body 22, thesuspension wire clamp 26 and the upper half of thelower rod 13 are all put into thehigh temperature box 2, and the upper and lower pull rods pass through the through holes with a diameter of Φ50mm on the upper and lower surfaces of the high temperature box and test The upper andlower chucks 9,10 of machine 1 are connected. After the clamping is completed, the gap between the upper and lower through holes of the high temperature box and the pull rod is sealed with asbestos, and the door of the high temperature box is closed.

分别启动计算机和试验控制程序，高温箱温度控制系统和高温箱内的10路温度传感器，试验机电源和伺服开关。在高温箱控制系统面板上设定试验所需保持温度为200℃和保持时间为101小时。在试验控制程序中编写试样加载程序，如可设定试验机首先采用10mm/min的夹头分离速度，在载荷达到5kN时，以2mm/min位移速度加载，并在载荷达到50kN时停止加载，使载荷一直保持在50kN并持续100小时，在100小时后，继续加载直至试样破坏，程序将自动记录试样关于“位移-载荷”和“时间-载荷”的曲线，得到悬垂线夹在200℃高温下，持续承受50kN载荷100小时后，其破坏强度的值。通过对悬垂线夹在常温下和高温承载后的破坏强度对比，得到悬垂线夹在高温承载试验后的强度损失率，预测铸造铝合金悬垂线夹在与耐高温导线配套后的安全使用寿命。Start the computer and the test control program, the temperature control system of the high temperature box and the 10-way temperature sensor in the high temperature box, the power supply of the testing machine and the servo switch. On the control system panel of the high-temperature box, set the required holding temperature for the test as 200° C. and the holding time as 101 hours. Write the sample loading program in the test control program. For example, it can be set that the testing machine first adopts the chuck separation speed of 10mm/min, when the load reaches 5kN, loads at the displacement speed of 2mm/min, and stops loading when the load reaches 50kN , keep the load at 50kN for 100 hours, after 100 hours, continue to load until the sample is broken, the program will automatically record the curves of the sample about "displacement-load" and "time-load", and get the Under the high temperature of 200 ℃, the value of the breaking strength after continuously bearing the load of 50kN for 100 hours. By comparing the failure strength of the suspension wire clamp at normal temperature and high temperature load, the strength loss rate of the suspension wire clamp after the high temperature load test is obtained, and the safe service life of the cast aluminum alloy suspension wire clamp after matching with the high temperature resistant wire is predicted.

参照图9，本发明的另一种实施方式。所述的上拉杆12下端的试样连接件22为倒U形结构，所述的下拉杆13上端的连接头24为U形结构。这种结构夹具，用于测试连接金具类电力器材，如U型挂环和联板。图9中的试样26为U型挂环，倒U形连接件22和U形连接头24的开口方向垂直。上拉杆的倒U形连接件22通过螺栓28与U型挂环的挂耳相连，下拉杆的U形连接头24通过螺栓25与U型挂环的环体相连。Referring to Fig. 9, another embodiment of the present invention. Thesample connector 22 at the lower end of the pull-uprod 12 is an inverted U-shaped structure, and the connecting head 24 at the upper end of the pull-downrod 13 is a U-shaped structure. This structural fixture is used for testing electrical equipment connected with fittings, such as U-shaped hanging rings and connecting plates. Thesample 26 in FIG. 9 is a U-shaped hanging ring, and the opening directions of the invertedU-shaped connector 22 and the U-shaped connector 24 are vertical. The invertedU-shaped connector 22 of the upper pull rod is connected to the hanging ear of the U-shaped hanging ring through abolt 28, and the U-shaped connector 24 of the lower rod is connected to the ring body of the U-shaped hanging ring through abolt 25.

图10中的试样26为联板，倒U形连接件22和U形连接头24的开口方向一致。上拉杆的倒U形连接件22通过螺栓28与联板的一端相连，下拉杆的U形连接头24通过螺栓25与联板的的另一端相连。由于上拉杆12可转动，因此，更换试样时无须更换夹具，只要调整上下拉杆之间的角度就行了。Thesample 26 in FIG. 10 is a connecting plate, and the opening directions of the invertedU-shaped connector 22 and the U-shaped connector 24 are consistent. The invertedU-shaped connector 22 of the upper tie rod is connected with one end of the connecting plate through abolt 28 , and the U-shaped connecting head 24 of the lower rod is connected with the other end of the connecting plate through abolt 25 . Because theupper pull rod 12 is rotatable, there is no need to change the fixture when changing the sample, just adjust the angle between the upper and lower pull rods.

上拉杆12和试样连接件22采用可脱卸连接，可较为方便地更换夹具。如将测试悬垂线夹用的框体夹具旋下，装上用于测试联板的U形夹具即可。The pull-uprod 12 and thesample connector 22 are connected in a detachable manner, so that the fixture can be replaced more conveniently. For example, unscrew the frame fixture used for testing the suspension clamp, and install the U-shaped fixture for testing the connecting plate.

应该理解到的是：上述实施例只是对本发明的说明，而不是对本发明的限制，任何不超出本发明实质精神范围内的发明创造，均落入本发明的保护范围之内。It should be understood that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of the present invention, rather than limitations of the present invention, and any inventions that do not exceed the spirit of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

Translated fromChinese

1.输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，包括控制计算机（4）、高温箱（2）、电液伺服拉力试验机（1）、载荷保持控制系统（7）和试样专用夹具（3），其特征在于所述的高温箱（2）受控于温度控制器，并设置在拉力试验机（1）的上夹头（9）和下夹头（10）之间；所述的专用夹具（3）包括上拉杆（12）和下拉杆（13），所述的上拉杆（12）上端设有与拉力试验机上夹头（9）连接的支承座（11），上拉杆（12）的下端穿入所述的高温箱（2），下端部设有一个第一试样连接件（22），所述的下拉杆（13）的下端与拉力试验机的下夹头（10）连接，上端穿入所述的高温箱（2），顶部设有一个试样连接头（24）；所述支承座（11）通过两侧的楔面与试验机上夹头（9）的楔面贴合；所述的上拉杆（12）通过一个调心球（21）与所述的支承座（11）的内侧球面槽（23）可调配合，支承座（11）上开设有供上拉杆（12）穿越的中心孔和球面槽（23），在所述球面槽（23）放置所述的调心球（21），调心球（21）的下表面为与支承座球面槽（23）相等曲率的球面，使调心球（21）和支承座的球面槽（23）贴合，将上拉杆（12）穿过调心球（21）和支承座（11），在上拉杆（12）上端旋入螺母（20），螺母（20）的一个端面与调心球（21）上表面贴合。1. High-temperature load-bearing performance test device for aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment of transmission lines, including control computer (4), high-temperature box (2), electro-hydraulic servo tensile testing machine (1), load holding control system (7) and special samples The fixture (3) is characterized in that the high temperature box (2) is controlled by a temperature controller and is set between the upper chuck (9) and the lower chuck (10) of the tensile testing machine (1); The above special fixture (3) includes an upper pull rod (12) and a lower rod (13), the upper end of the upper pull rod (12) is provided with a support seat (11) connected with the upper chuck (9) of the tensile testing machine, and the upper pull rod The lower end of (12) penetrates into the high temperature box (2), and the lower end is provided with a first sample connector (22), and the lower end of the lower rod (13) is connected with the lower chuck ( 10) connection, the upper end penetrates into the high-temperature box (2), and a sample connector (24) is provided on the top; the supporting base (11) connects with the upper chuck (9) of the testing machine through the wedge surfaces on both sides. The wedge surface fits; the upper pull rod (12) can be adjusted and matched with the inner spherical groove (23) of the support seat (11) through a self-aligning ball (21), and the support seat (11) is provided with a The center hole and the spherical groove (23) that the upper tie rod (12) passes through, the self-aligning ball (21) is placed in the spherical groove (23), and the lower surface of the self-aligning ball (21) is the spherical groove of the bearing seat (23) Spherical surface with equal curvature, make the self-aligning ball (21) and the spherical groove (23) of the supporting seat fit together, pass the pull-up rod (12) through the self-aligning ball (21) and the supporting seat (11), The upper end of the pull rod (12) is screwed into the nut (20), and one end surface of the nut (20) is attached to the upper surface of the self-aligning ball (21).2.如权利要求1所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于所述的上拉杆（12）和试样连接件（22）之间可脱卸连接。2. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper tie rod (12) and the sample connector (22) are detachably connected.3.如权利要求1所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于所述的下拉杆（13）和试样连接头（24）之间可脱卸连接。3. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the pull-down rod (13) and the sample connector (24) is detachable.4.如权利要求1所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于所述的调心球为全球体或半球体。4. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the self-aligning sphere is a spherical body or a hemisphere.5.如权利要求1所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于与所述的上拉杆（12）连接的试样连接件（22）为方形框体状结构。5. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample connector (22) connected to the upper tie rod (12) is a square frame structure .6.如权利要求1所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于与所述的上拉杆（12）连接的试样连接件（22）为倒U形结构，与所述的下拉杆（13）连接的试样连接头（24）为U形结构。6. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample connector (22) connected to the upper pull rod (12) is an inverted U-shaped structure, The sample connector (24) connected to the pull-down rod (13) is a U-shaped structure.7.如权利要求1-6任何一项所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于还设有液压油冷却系统（8），所述的液压油冷却系统（8）与所述的载荷保持控制系统（7）的油路联通。7. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that it is also equipped with a hydraulic oil cooling system (8), and the hydraulic oil cooling system ( 8) Connect with the oil circuit of the load holding control system (7).8.如权利要求7所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于所述的高温箱（2）内设有一组可活动的温度传感器，所述的温度传感器通过温度采集器与控制计算机相连。8. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a group of movable temperature sensors are arranged in the high-temperature box (2), and the temperature sensors pass through The temperature collector is connected with the control computer.9.如权利要求8所述的输电线路铝及铝合金电力器材高温承载性能测试装置，其特征在于所述的高温箱（2）架设在一个可调节高度的支架上，并在支架上可进行前后移动。9. The device for testing the high-temperature bearing performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy power equipment for transmission lines as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the high-temperature box (2) is erected on a height-adjustable bracket, and can be carried out on the bracket. Move back and forth.

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