CN102006630B - Multichannel cooperative data transmission method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
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Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及无线通信技术，尤其涉及多信道协作数据传输方法及系统。 The present invention relates to wireless communication technology, in particular to a multi-channel cooperative data transmission method and system. the
背景技术Background technique
无线通信技术是近些年来通信领域内发展最快、应用最广的通信技术。在无线通信中，由于信道衰落和路径损耗，接收到的信号质量会比有线信道中的有较大下降。为此，目前已经提出了各种抗干扰、抗噪声的无线通信技术。多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)就是其中一种利用空间分集来极大地提高信号质量的方法。协作通信技术运用了MIMO的思想，通过分布在不同节点上的天线形成虚拟天线阵列(VAA)以达到MIMO分集的效果。与非协作系统相比，采用协作通信能获得明显的性能增益。在无线网络中，媒质接入控制(MAC)方法或者接入传输方法解决了每个移动用户或节点如何公平、快速、安全地接入使用信道，高效地共享有限的无线带宽资源的问题。MAC方法的好坏直接影响到网络吞吐量、时延等性能指标的优劣。利用协作分集在物理层提供的优势，采用协作的MAC方法可以更加合理地安排用户共享信道，提高网络性能。 Wireless communication technology is the fastest growing and most widely used communication technology in the field of communication in recent years. In wireless communication, due to channel fading and path loss, the received signal quality will be greatly degraded compared to that in wired channels. For this reason, various anti-interference and anti-noise wireless communication technologies have been proposed at present. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) is one of the methods that uses space diversity to greatly improve signal quality. Cooperative communication technology uses the idea of MIMO to form a virtual antenna array (VAA) through antennas distributed on different nodes to achieve the effect of MIMO diversity. Compared with non-cooperative systems, the use of cooperative communication can obtain obvious performance gains. In a wireless network, the medium access control (MAC) method or access transmission method solves the problem of how each mobile user or node accesses a channel fairly, quickly and safely, and efficiently shares limited wireless bandwidth resources. The quality of the MAC method directly affects the quality of network throughput, delay and other performance indicators. Utilizing the advantages provided by cooperative diversity at the physical layer, the cooperative MAC method can arrange users to share channels more reasonably and improve network performance. the
按照使用信道的个数可以将协作MAC方法或传输方法分为单信道传输和多信道传输两种方式。目前，单信道协作MAC方法大多采用指定或者竞争的方式从多个候选协作节点中选择出一个协作节点。常用的一种单信道协作MAC方法(CoopMAC方法)采用指定方式，由发方在发送数据分组之前从自己维护的协作表中指定一个满足协作条件的节点为协作节点，并向其发送CRTS(Cooperative Request-to-Send)分组，被指定的协作节点若判定自己可以提供协作、提高传输性能，则发送HTS(helper-to-Send) 分组确认。这一由发方根据历史记录选择协作的方法，不会增加协作节点竞争方式中由多个协作节点竞争所产生的冲突。不过，协作表中的历史信息可能不能体现信道状态的时变性，不能反映协作节点当前的数据传输速率，当此传输速率降低时，协作所带来的性能改善会大大降低，甚至不如收发双方直接发送数据分组的直传方式。 According to the number of channels used, the cooperative MAC method or transmission method can be divided into two modes: single-channel transmission and multi-channel transmission. At present, most of the single-channel cooperative MAC methods select a cooperative node from multiple candidate cooperative nodes in a designated or competitive manner. A commonly used single-channel cooperative MAC method (CoopMAC method) adopts a designated method. Before sending data packets, the sender designates a node that meets the cooperative conditions as a cooperative node from the cooperative table maintained by itself, and sends a CRTS (Cooperative MAC method) to it. Request-to-Send) group, if the designated cooperative node determines that it can provide cooperation and improve transmission performance, it will send an HTS (helper-to-Send) group confirmation. This method in which the sender chooses cooperation based on historical records will not increase the conflicts caused by the competition of multiple coordination nodes in the competition mode of coordination nodes. However, the historical information in the cooperation table may not reflect the time-varying nature of the channel state, and cannot reflect the current data transmission rate of the cooperative node. When the transmission rate decreases, the performance improvement brought by the cooperation will be greatly reduced, and it is not even as good as the direct communication between the sending and receiving parties. Direct transmission method for sending data packets. the
采用协作节点进行竞争的方式中，收发双方周邻的节点通过侦听收发双方的控制分组交换，通过一定的判断规则判断自己是否能够为收发双方提供协作，如果可以，则按照协议所规定的竞争方法竞争成为协作节点。CRBAR(Cooperative Relay-Based Auto Rate)MAC方法是通过RTS/CTS(Clear-to-send)分组握手，让所有候选的协作节点从侦听到的CTS中提取信道状态信息，并由此得出它与收发方之间的传输速率，在满足协作条件下，各候选协作节点采用p坚持退避策略开始竞争。不过，这种竞争策略会带来不必要的竞争冲突，造成时间和信道资源的浪费。 In the method of using cooperative nodes to compete, the neighboring nodes of the sending and receiving parties listen to the control packet exchange between the sending and receiving parties, and judge whether they can provide cooperation for the sending and receiving parties through certain judgment rules. Methods compete to become collaborating nodes. The CRBAR (Cooperative Relay-Based Auto Rate) MAC method uses RTS/CTS (Clear-to-send) packet handshake, allowing all candidate cooperative nodes to extract channel state information from the intercepted CTS, and thus derive its When the transmission rate between the sender and the receiver meets the cooperation conditions, each candidate cooperation node adopts the p-persistent backoff strategy to start competing. However, this competition strategy will bring unnecessary competition conflicts, resulting in waste of time and channel resources. the
相对于单信道传输方式，多信道的使用可以减少碰撞和竞争。在动态信道分配(Dynamic Channel Assignment，DCA)MAC方法中，无线信道资源被划分成1个公共信道和多个业务信道，并且网络中的每个节点存储有邻节点的信道使用情况。有数据分组发送的节点根据信道使用表中业务信道的状态信息随机选择空闲的业务信道，并在控制信道上发送RTS/CTS分组握手预约某个业务信道，预约成功的节点对转到相应的业务信道上收发数据分组。为了获得准确的业务信道信息，网络中每个节点要有两部工作在半双工模式的无线收发机，一部专门用来侦听公共信道，一部用来侦听数据信道。但DCA MAC方法没有解决控制分组和ACK分组的使用带来的暴露终端问题，造成信号冲突。 Compared with single-channel transmission, the use of multiple channels can reduce collisions and contention. In the dynamic channel assignment (Dynamic Channel Assignment, DCA) MAC method, the wireless channel resource is divided into a common channel and a plurality of business channels, and each node in the network stores the channel usage of neighboring nodes. The node with data packets to send randomly selects an idle service channel according to the state information of the service channel in the channel usage table, and sends RTS/CTS packet handshake to reserve a certain service channel on the control channel, and the node pair with successful reservation is transferred to the corresponding service channel Send and receive data packets on the channel. In order to obtain accurate business channel information, each node in the network must have two wireless transceivers working in half-duplex mode, one for listening to public channels and one for listening to data channels. However, the DCA MAC method does not solve the problem of exposed terminals caused by the use of control packets and ACK packets, resulting in signal conflicts. the
基于码分多址的多信道协作(Cooperative Code Division MultipleAccess-based Multi-channel，CCM)MAC方法除了使用RTS/CTS控制分组外，还定义了DCTS(Decide-Channel-to-Send)、CFM(Confirm)和ITI (Information-to-Inform)分组。当发方发送RTS，收方从维护的信道状态表中选择中可用的候选信道并将信道号包含于CTS中分组，之后收发方周围的邻节点发送ITI分组来通告信道选择是否有冲突，发方发送DCTS分组来选择信道，收方回复CFM分组来确认信道。实际上，这里的协作主要是协助发方选择信道，而不是在收发双方所选数据信道中进行的协作中继传输。 In addition to using RTS/CTS control packets, the Cooperative Code Division Multiple Access-based Multi-channel (CCM) MAC method also defines DCTS (Decide-Channel-to-Send), CFM (Confirm ) and ITI (Information-to-Inform) groups. When the sender sends RTS, the receiver selects available candidate channels from the maintained channel state table and includes the channel number in the CTS group, and then the neighbor nodes around the sender and sender send ITI packets to notify whether there is a conflict in channel selection, and the sender The party sends a DCTS packet to select a channel, and the receiver replies with a CFM packet to confirm the channel. In fact, the cooperation here is mainly to assist the sender to select a channel, rather than the cooperative relay transmission in the data channel selected by the sender and receiver. the
Md.Rajibul Islam提出了一种真正意义上的协作MAC方法，此方法中使用两个信道来进行信道预约、发送，并选择离收发方最近的邻节点作为协作节点，中继节点使用定向天线技术，且选择与发方到收方不同的信道定向发送数据分组，此方法中，协作节点真正实现了协作中继传输，通过该协作提高了无线网络中的传输效率。但是，协作节点的发送会影响到在收方/发方通信范围之外、协作节点通信范围之内的其他节点的正常发送，而且可能会造成与其它节点所发送信号的碰撞，从而使得信道利用率较低，抑制了无线网络中的传输效率。 Md.Rajibul Islam proposed a real cooperative MAC method, in which two channels are used for channel reservation and transmission, and the neighbor node closest to the transceiver is selected as the cooperative node, and the relay node uses directional antenna technology , and select a channel different from that from the sender to the receiver to send data packets in a directional manner. In this method, the cooperative nodes truly realize the cooperative relay transmission, and the transmission efficiency in the wireless network is improved through the cooperation. However, the transmission of the coordinating node will affect the normal transmission of other nodes outside the communication range of the receiver/sender and within the communication range of the coordinating node, and may cause collisions with signals sent by other nodes, thus making channel utilization The rate is low, which inhibits the transmission efficiency in the wireless network. the
综上，现有技术中的无线数据传输方法不能充分地利用信道、有效地规避信号冲突，从而无法实现高效的数据传输。 To sum up, the wireless data transmission method in the prior art cannot make full use of channels and effectively avoid signal conflicts, thus failing to achieve efficient data transmission. the
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供一种多信道协作数据传输方法及系统。本发明提供的多信道协作数据传输方法，包括： In order to overcome the above defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-channel cooperative data transmission method and system. The multi-channel cooperative data transmission method provided by the present invention includes:
发送方通过第一控制信道向接收方发送携带有数据信道号的请求协作发送(Cooperative Request-to-Send，以下简称CRTS)分组；所述接收方接收到所述CRTS分组后，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用，则通过第一控制信道向所述发送方返回携带有所述发送方与所述接收方之间可支持的最高信道速率的允许协作发送(Cooperative-Clear-to-Send，以下简称CCTS)分组； The sender sends a request cooperative transmission (Cooperative Request-to-Send, hereinafter referred to as CRTS) packet carrying a data channel number to the receiver through the first control channel; If the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, return to the sender a Cooperative-Clear Allowed Transmission (Cooperative-Clear -to-Send, hereinafter referred to as CCTS) grouping;
数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作节点；其中所述数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作节点具体包括：数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道上的所述CRTS分组和所述CCTS分组进行侦收，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用、且根据所述最高信道速率判断获知自身满足协作条件，则根据与自身协作时间改善情况对应的接入时延通过所述第一控制信道发送携带候选协作节点标识的协作指示(Help Indication，以下简称为HI)分组； Several candidate coordinating nodes intercept the first control channel and compete to become coordinating nodes; wherein the several candidate coordinating nodes intercept the first control channel and compete to become coordinating nodes specifically include: A candidate coordinating node detects the CRTS group and the CCTS group on the first control channel, if it is determined that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, and it is determined and known according to the highest channel rate If the self-satisfaction of the cooperation condition is met, the cooperation instruction (Help Indication, hereinafter referred to as HI) packet carrying the identification of the candidate cooperation node is sent through the first control channel according to the access delay corresponding to the improvement of the cooperation time of the self;
所述接收方若在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组，则以所述候选协作节点标识对应的候选协作节点作为协作节点，并在所述第一控制信道上向所述发送方发送协作确认(Relay Acknowledgment，以下简称为RACK)分组，所述RACK分组携带有发送该HI分组的候选协作节点所对应的候选协作节点标识； If the receiving party only receives one HI packet within the set time interval, it uses the candidate coordinating node identification corresponding to the coordinating node as a coordinating node, and sends a message to the sending party on the first control channel Send a cooperation confirmation (Relay Acknowledgment, hereinafter referred to as RACK) packet, and the RACK packet carries the candidate coordination node identifier corresponding to the candidate coordination node that sent the HI group;
所述发送方若接收到所述RACK分组，则通过所述数据信道经由协作节点向所述接收方发送数据分组；所述接收方成功接收所述数据分组后，通过第二控制信道返回确认(Acknowledgment，以下简称ACK)分组。 If the sender receives the RACK packet, it sends a data packet to the receiver through the data channel via the coordination node; after the receiver successfully receives the data packet, it returns an acknowledgment through the second control channel ( Acknowledgment, hereinafter referred to as ACK) packet. the
本发明还提供一种多信道协作数据传输系统，包括： The present invention also provides a multi-channel cooperative data transmission system, including:
发送装置，所述发送装置用于通过第一控制信道发送携带有数据信道号的请求协作发送CRTS分组； A sending device, the sending device is used to send a request to send a CRTS packet carrying a data channel number through the first control channel;
接收装置，所述接收装置用于在接收到所述CRTS分组后，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用，则通过第一控制信道向所述发送装置返回携带有所述发送装置与所述接收装置之间可支持的最高信道速率的允许协作发送CCTS分组； a receiving device, the receiving device is configured to, after receiving the CRTS packet, if it is judged that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, then return to the sending device through the first control channel the The highest channel rate that can be supported between the device and the receiving device allows cooperative transmission of CCTS packets;
数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作节点；其中所述数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作节点具体包括：数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道上的所述CRTS分组和所述CCTS分组进行侦收，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用、且根据所述最高信道速率判断获知自身满足协作条件，则根据与自身协作时间改善情况对应的接入时延通过所述第一控制信道发送携带候选协作节点标识的协作指示(Help Indication，以下简称为HI)分组； Several candidate coordinating nodes intercept the first control channel and compete to become coordinating nodes; wherein the several candidate coordinating nodes intercept the first control channel and compete to become coordinating nodes specifically include: A candidate coordinating node detects the CRTS group and the CCTS group on the first control channel, if it is determined that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, and it is determined and known according to the highest channel rate If the self-satisfaction of the cooperation condition is met, the cooperation instruction (Help Indication, hereinafter referred to as HI) packet carrying the identification of the candidate cooperation node is sent through the first control channel according to the access delay corresponding to the improvement of the cooperation time of the self;
所述接收方若在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组，则以所述候选协作节点标识对应的候选协作节点作为协作节点，并在所述第一控制信道上向所述发送方发送协作确认(Relay Acknowledgment，以下简称为RACK)分组，所述RACK分组携带有发送该HI分组的候选协作节点所对应的候选协作节点标识； If the receiving party only receives one HI packet within the set time interval, it uses the candidate coordinating node identification corresponding to the coordinating node as a coordinating node, and sends a message to the sending party on the first control channel Send a cooperation confirmation (Relay Acknowledgment, hereinafter referred to as RACK) packet, and the RACK packet carries the candidate coordination node identifier corresponding to the candidate coordination node that sent the HI group;
所述发送方若接收到所述RACK分组，则通过所述数据信道经由协作节点向所述接收方发送数据分组；所述接收方成功接收所述数据分组后，通过第二控制信道返回确认(Acknowledgment，以下简称ACK)分组；所述接收方若没有成功接收到所述数据分组，则通过所述第二控制信道返回否定确认NACK分组，所述协作节点侦听到所述NACK分组后，则重新发送所述数据分组，直至接收到所述ACK分组。 If the sender receives the RACK packet, it sends a data packet to the receiver through the data channel via the coordination node; after the receiver successfully receives the data packet, it returns an acknowledgment through the second control channel ( Acknowledgment, hereinafter referred to as ACK) packet; if the receiver does not successfully receive the data packet, it returns a negative acknowledgment NACK packet through the second control channel, and after the coordinating node detects the NACK packet, then The data packets are resent until the ACK packets are received. the
本发明还提供一种多信道协作数据传输系统，包括： The present invention also provides a multi-channel cooperative data transmission system, including:
发送装置，所述发送装置用于通过第一控制信道发送携带有数据信道号的请求协作发送CRTS分组； A sending device, the sending device is used to send a request to send a CRTS packet carrying a data channel number through the first control channel;
接收装置，所述接收装置用于在接收到所述CRTS分组后，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用，则通过第一控制信道向所述发送装置返回携带有所述发送装置与所述接收装置之间可支持的最高信道速率的允许协作发送CCTS分组； a receiving device, the receiving device is configured to, after receiving the CRTS packet, if it is judged that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, then return to the sending device through the first control channel the The highest channel rate that can be supported between the device and the receiving device allows cooperative transmission of CCTS packets;
数个候选协作装置，所述数个候选协作装置用于对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作装置；所述其中数个候选协作装置对所述第一控制信道进行 侦听、并竞争成为协作装置具体包括：数个候选协作装置对所述第一控制信道上的所述CRTS分组和所述CCTS分组进行侦收，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用、且根据所述最高信道速率判断获知自身满足协作条件，则根据与自身协作时间改善情况对应的接入时延通过所述第一控制信道发送携带候选协作装置标识的协作指示HI分组； A plurality of candidate cooperation devices, the plurality of candidate cooperation devices are used to listen to the first control channel and compete to become a cooperation device; the plurality of candidate cooperation devices listen to the first control channel , and competing to become a cooperative device specifically includes: several candidate cooperative devices detect and collect the CRTS group and the CCTS group on the first control channel, and if it is determined that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available , and according to the highest channel rate, it is known that it satisfies the cooperation condition, and then according to the access delay corresponding to the improvement of its own cooperation time, the cooperation instruction HI packet carrying the identification of the cooperation device candidate is sent through the first control channel;
所述接收装置还用于在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组时，以所述候选协作装置标识对应的候选协作装置作为协作装置，并在所述第一控制信道上发送协作确认RACK分组，所述RACK分组携带有发送该HI分组的候选协作装置所对应的候选协作装置标识； The receiving device is further configured to, when only one HI packet is received within a set time interval, use the candidate cooperating device to identify the corresponding candidate cooperating device as a cooperating device, and send a cooperating acknowledgment on the first control channel RACK grouping, the RACK grouping carries the candidate cooperating device identifier corresponding to the candidate cooperating device sending the HI group;
所述发送装置还用于在接收到所述RACK分组后，通过所述数据信道经由协作装置向所述接收装置发送数据分组； The sending device is further configured to, after receiving the RACK packet, send a data packet to the receiving device through the data channel via the cooperation device;
所述接收装置还用于在成功接收所述数据分组后，通过第二控制信道返回确认ACK分组；若没有成功接收到所述数据分组，则通过所述第二控制信道返回否定确认NACK分组； The receiving device is further configured to return an acknowledgment ACK packet through a second control channel after successfully receiving the data packet; if the data packet is not successfully received, return a negative acknowledgment NACK packet through the second control channel;
所述数个候选协作装置还用于若侦听到所述NACK分组后，则重新发送所述数据分组，直至接收到所述ACK分组。 The plurality of candidate cooperating devices are further configured to resend the data packet after detecting the NACK packet until the ACK packet is received. the
本发明提供的多信道协作数据传输方法及系统，由于在发送方(发送装置)选择可用的数据信道后，还需由接收方(接收装置)来判断该数据信道是否可用，并计算发送方(接收装置)与接收方(接收装置)之间可支持的最高信道速率，因而所获得的是实时有效的信息，能有效地适应信道状态的时变性，可以有效地避免因节点移动或信道衰落等造成历史信息准确度下降，而使得所选择的数据信道不可用或所选择的协作节点(协作装置)不能参与协作，从而有效保证了选择实时有效的数据信道和协作节点(协作装置)，适应无线网络灵活移动的特点；而且，还由于采用了第二控制信道来传输ACK分组，使得ACK分组传输与数据分组传输分开，能够彻底避免由ACK分组传输带来的暴露终端问题，大大提高了信 道利用率，减小了传输时延和分组丢弃率，实现了高效、可靠的数据传输。 In the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method and system provided by the present invention, after the sender (transmitter) selects an available data channel, the receiver (receiver) needs to judge whether the data channel is available, and calculate the sender ( Receiver) and the receiver (receiver) can support the highest channel rate, so what is obtained is real-time and effective information, which can effectively adapt to the time-varying channel state, and can effectively avoid node movement or channel fading, etc. The accuracy of historical information is reduced, and the selected data channel is unavailable or the selected cooperative node (cooperative device) cannot participate in the cooperation, thereby effectively ensuring the selection of real-time and effective data channels and cooperative nodes (cooperative devices), adapting to wireless The network is flexible and mobile; moreover, because the second control channel is used to transmit ACK packets, the transmission of ACK packets is separated from the transmission of data packets, which can completely avoid the problem of exposed terminals caused by ACK packet transmission and greatly improve the channel The utilization rate reduces the transmission delay and packet discard rate, and realizes efficient and reliable data transmission. the
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法的流程图。 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. the
图2为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法中发送方操作流程图。 FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the sender in the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. the
图3为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法中候选协作节点操作流程图。 FIG. 3 is a flow chart of operation of candidate coordinating nodes in the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. the
图4为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法中接收方操作流程图。 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of receiver operations in the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. the
图5为本发明一实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法的信号传送时序图。 FIG. 5 is a signal transmission sequence diagram of a multi-channel coordinated data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. the
图6为一无线网络的拓扑结构时序图。 FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram of a topology structure of a wireless network. the
图7A为ACK分组与数据分组相碰撞的时序图。 FIG. 7A is a timing diagram of collision between ACK packets and data packets. the
图7B为本发明采用第二控制信道避免ACK分组与数据分组相碰撞的时序图。 FIG. 7B is a sequence diagram of avoiding collisions between ACK packets and data packets by using the second control channel in the present invention. the
图8为本发明二实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法的信号传送时序图。 FIG. 8 is a timing diagram of signal transmission of a multi-channel coordinated data transmission method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. the
图9为隐藏终端的信号冲突时序图。 FIG. 9 is a timing diagram of a signal conflict of a hidden terminal. the
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。 In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. the
图1为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法的流程图。图2为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法中发送方操作流程图。图3为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法中候选协作节点操作流程图。图4为本发明多信道协作数据传输方法中接收方操作流程图。以下结合图1和图4对本发明多信道协作数据传输方法的步骤进行详细说明。 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the sender in the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flow chart of operation of candidate coordinating nodes in the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of receiver operations in the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention. The steps of the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 . the
如图1所示，该多信道协作数据传输方法包括下述步骤： As shown in Figure 1, the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method includes the following steps:
步骤S100，发送方通过第一控制信道向接收方发送携带有数据信道号的CRTS分组；所述接收方接收到所述CRTS分组后，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用，则通过第一控制信道向所述发送方返回携带有所述发送方与所 述接收方之间可支持的最高信道速率的CCTS分组； Step S100, the sender sends a CRTS packet carrying a data channel number to the receiver through the first control channel; after the receiver receives the CRTS packet, if it determines that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, Then return to the sender through the first control channel the CCTS packet carrying the highest channel rate that can be supported between the sender and the receiver;
上述步骤S100由发送方和接收方执行。 The above step S100 is performed by the sender and the receiver. the
无线网络中的各节点均存储并维护一个用来记录信道使用情况的信道使用表(Channel Usage Table，以下简称CUT)，CUT中记录的内容包括N个数据信道的以下信息：信道号、信道当前状态、信道释放时间、正在使用该信道的发送节点的标识(Sender Identification，以下简称SID)、正在使用该信道的接收节点的标识(Destination Identification，以下简称DID)、收发状态、信息来源及该信道是否为上次信号传输所使用的信道等。其中，信道号与信道唯一对应，第i条数据信道可用TCHi来表示；信道当前状态有空闲(Idle，以下简称I)和忙碌(Busy，以下简称B)两种状态；当数据信道TCHi的信道状态为B时，该信道使用表中还设有数据信道TCHi完成当前数据传输的时间，即信道释放时间Trelease；所述收发状态包括接收、发送和协作三种，分别用于表示在利用当前状态为B的数据信道TCHi进行的数据传输中，发送相关控制分组的节点为接收方、发送方或协作节点。 Each node in the wireless network stores and maintains a channel usage table (Channel Usage Table, hereinafter referred to as CUT) for recording channel usage. The content recorded in the CUT includes the following information of N data channels: channel number, channel current Status, channel release time, the identification of the sending node (Sender Identification, hereinafter referred to as SID ) that is using the channel, the identification of the receiving node (Destination Identification, hereinafter referred to as DID ) that is using the channel, sending and receiving status, information source and Whether the channel is the channel used for the last signal transmission, etc. Wherein, the channel number is uniquely corresponding to the channel, and the i-th data channel can be represented by TCHi ; the current state of the channel has two states: idle (Idle, hereinafter referred to as I) and busy (Busy, hereinafter referred to as B); when the data channel TCHi When the channel state is B, the channel usage table is also provided with the time when the data channel TCHi completes the current data transmission, that is, the channel release time Trelease ; In the data transmission using the data channel TCHi whose current state is B, the node sending the relevant control packet is the receiver, the sender or the coordinating node.
当节点处于空闲状态(即没有数据分组接收或发送)时，对第一控制信道进行侦听，当侦听到控制分组时，更新CUT中相应信道的各状态参数，设置信道使用的定时器，该定时器为用于表示收到相应控制分组的节点会为发送该控制分组的收发方保留使用相应信道的网络分配矢量(Network Allocation Vector，以下简称NAV)时间。定时器超时时，数据信道的当前状态由B恢复为I。例如，节点收到CCTS分组后，为发送该CCTS分组的收发方保留使用第一控制信道的时间为NAVCCTS，并将CUT中的第一控制信道的信道释放时间Trelease的值设置为NAVCCTS，在该时间后，该节点才能使用第一控制信道。 When the node is in an idle state (that is, no data packet is received or sent), the first control channel is monitored, and when the control packet is detected, each state parameter of the corresponding channel in the CUT is updated, and the timer used by the channel is set. The timer is used to indicate that the node receiving the corresponding control packet will reserve the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) time of using the corresponding channel for the sender and receiver of the control packet. When the timer expires, the current state of the data channel is restored from B to I. For example, after the node receives the CCTS packet, it reserves the time to use the first control channel as NAVCCTS for the transceiver that sends the CCTS packet, and sets the value of the channel release time Trelease of the first control channel in the CUT as NAVCCTS , after this time, the node can use the first control channel.
如图2所示，在步骤S100中发送方进行以下操作： As shown in Figure 2, the sender performs the following operations in step S100:
步骤S1，侦听第一控制信道：发送方处于空闲状态时，持续侦听第一控制信道； Step S1, listening to the first control channel: when the sender is in an idle state, continuously listening to the first control channel;
步骤S2，判断是否有数据分组需要发送：当发送方有数据分组需要发送给接收方时，发送方执行步骤S3，否则执行步骤S1； Step S2, judging whether there is a data packet to be sent: when the sender has a data packet to be sent to the receiver, the sender executes step S3, otherwise executes step S1;
步骤S3，判断是否可选择到可用的数据信道：发送方在侦听第一控制信道空闲分布式帧间隔(DIFS)时间后，可通过对本地存储的CUT进行查询或通过对各数据信道进行侦听等多种方式来选择可用的数据信道；若没有可用的数据信道，则返回步骤S1即保持对第一控制信道进行侦听，待再次侦听到第一控制信道空闲时，重复上述过程来选择可用的数据信道；若有可用的数据信道，则选择其中一可用的数据信道，执行步骤S4； Step S3, judging whether an available data channel can be selected: after the sender listens to the idle distributed frame interval (DIFS) time of the first control channel, it can query the locally stored CUT or detect each data channel Listening and other ways to select an available data channel; if there is no available data channel, return to step S1 to keep monitoring the first control channel, and repeat the above process when the first control channel is detected to be idle again. Select an available data channel; if there is an available data channel, select one of the available data channels and perform step S4;
步骤S4，发送CRTS分组：若成功选择了可用的数据信道，将所选择的数据信道对应的数据信道号(例如TCH1)包含在一个CRTS分组中，随后若第一控制信道仍空闲一段随机时间后在第一控制信道上向接收方发送该CRTS分组，并等待接收CCTS分组；否则，执行步骤S1。 Step S4, send CRTS packet: if the available data channel is selected successfully, the data channel number (such as TCH1 ) corresponding to the selected data channel is included in a CRTS packet, then if the first control channel is still idle for a random period of time Then send the CRTS packet to the receiver on the first control channel, and wait to receive the CCTS packet; otherwise, execute step S1.
如图4所示，接收方在步骤S100中进行以下操作： As shown in Figure 4, the receiver performs the following operations in step S100:
步骤D1，侦听第一控制信道：接收方处于空闲状态时，持续侦听第一控制信道； Step D1, listening to the first control channel: when the receiver is in an idle state, continuously listening to the first control channel;
步骤D2，判断是否接收到发给自己的CRTS分组：若接收到CRTS分组，则执行步骤D3；若未接收到，则继续执行步骤D1即持续侦听第一控制信道； Step D2, judging whether the CRTS packet sent to oneself has been received: if the CRTS packet is received, then execute step D3; if not received, then continue to execute step D1, that is, continue to monitor the first control channel;
步骤D3，判断数据信道是否可用：接收方接收到该CRTS分组后，获取该CRTS分组中包含的数据信道号TCH1；并在其本地存储的CUT中查询数据信道号TCH1所对应的数据信道的当前状态，同时根据接收到的信噪比计算发送方与接收方之间可支持的最高信道速率(记为Rsd)。若获知其当前状态为I，则认定该数据信道可用，执行步骤D4； Step D3, judging whether the data channel is available: after receiving the CRTS packet, the receiver obtains the data channel number TCH1 contained in the CRTS packet; and inquires the data channel corresponding to the data channel number TCH1 in its locally stored CUT The current state of , and calculate the highest channel rate (denoted as Rsd ) that can be supported between the sender and the receiver according to the received signal-to-noise ratio. If it is known that its current state is 1, it is determined that the data channel is available, and step D4 is performed;
步骤D4，发送CCTS分组：若判断获知该数据信道可用，将最高信道速率Rsd设置在CCTS分组中通过第一控制信道向发送方反馈。 Step D4, sending a CCTS packet: if it is determined that the data channel is available, set the highest channel rate Rsd in the CCTS packet and feed it back to the sender through the first control channel.
在步骤S100中，发送方还进行如图2所示的如下操作： In step S100, the sender also performs the following operations as shown in Figure 2:
发送方在执行步骤S4即发送CRTS分组之后，执行步骤S5，判断是否收到CCTS分组：若发送方接收到来自接收方的CCTS分组，则等待接收接收方发送的RACK分组；若发送方在预定时间(例如一短帧时间)内未接收 到CCTS分组，则退避后重新选择数据信道并重发CRTS分组，执行步骤S3。 After sending the CRTS packet in step S4, the sender executes step S5 to judge whether to receive the CCTS packet: if the sender receives the CCTS packet from the receiver, it waits to receive the RACK packet sent by the receiver; If CCTS grouping is not received in time (such as a short frame time), then reselect data channel and resend CRTS grouping after backing off, and execute step S3. the
步骤S200，数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作节点；其中所述数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作节点具体包括：数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道上的所述CRTS分组和所述CCTS分组进行侦收，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用、且根据所述最高信道速率判断获知自身满足协作条件，则根据与自身协作时间改善情况对应的接入时延通过所述第一控制信道发送携带候选协作节点标识的HI分组； Step S200, several candidate coordinating nodes intercept the first control channel and compete to become coordinating nodes; wherein the several candidate coordinating nodes intercept the first control channel and compete to become coordinating nodes Including: several candidate coordinating nodes detect the CRTS group and the CCTS group on the first control channel, if it is judged that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, and according to the highest channel When the rate judges that it meets the cooperation condition, it sends the HI packet carrying the candidate cooperation node identification through the first control channel according to the access delay corresponding to the improvement of its own cooperation time;
上述步骤S200由候选协作节点执行，如图3所示，候选协作节点执行如下操作： The above step S200 is performed by the candidate coordination node, as shown in Figure 3, the candidate coordination node performs the following operations:
步骤H1，侦听第一控制信道； Step H1, listening to the first control channel;
步骤H2，判断是否侦听到CRTS分组：候选协作节点若侦听到CRTS分组，继续对第一控制信道进行侦听，等待CCTS分组执行步骤H3；若未侦听到，则处于空闲状态，持续执行步骤H1即侦听第一控制信道； Step H2, judging whether a CRTS packet is detected: if the candidate cooperating node detects a CRTS group, continue to detect the first control channel, and wait for the CCTS group to perform step H3; if not, it is in an idle state and continues Execute step H1 to listen to the first control channel;
步骤H3，判断是否侦听到CCTS分组：当候选协作节点(Helper，以下简称H)在侦听第一控制信道收到CRTS分组和CCTS分组后，执行步骤H4；否则，持续执行步骤H1即对第一控制信道进行侦听，不进行其它操作； Step H3, judging whether the CCTS grouping is intercepted: when the candidate coordinating node (Helper, hereinafter referred to as H) receives the CRTS grouping and the CCTS grouping after listening to the first control channel, execute step H4; otherwise, continue to execute step H1 to The first control channel is monitored, and no other operations are performed;
步骤H4，判断数据信道是否可用：候选协作节点H首先根据本地存储的信道使用表判断CRTS分组中所包含的数据信道号TCH1所对应的数据信道是否可用，如果该数据信道可用，则执行步骤H5；否则返回执行步骤H1； Step H4, judging whether the data channel is available: the candidate coordinating node H first judges whether the data channel corresponding to the data channel number TCH1 contained in the CRTS packet is available according to the locally stored channel usage table, and if the data channel is available, then execute the step H5; otherwise return to step H1;
步骤H5，判断是否满足协作条件：该候选协作节点H从CCTS中提取发送方到接收方之间可支持的最高传输速率Rsh，并计算该候选协作节点H分别与发送方的传输速率(以下简称Rsh)和与接收方的传输速率(以下简称Rhd)，若满足 则该候选协作节点H获知自身满足协作条件。在数据信道号TCH1所对应的数据信道可用且自身满足协作条件时，候选协 作节点H计算出相应的接入时延并执行步骤H6。接入时延是节点可区分时间间隔(即微时隙TDI)的整数倍，信道状态越好，则接入时延越短，因而根据接入时延的长短来进行竞争可以选出信道状态最佳的候选协作节点。若不满足协作条件，候选协作节点返回执行步骤H1侦听第一控制信道，不进行其它操作； Step H5, judging whether the cooperation condition is met: the candidate coordinating node H extracts the highest transmission rate Rsh that can be supported between the sender and the receiver from the CCTS, and calculates the transmission rates between the candidate coordinating node H and the sender (hereinafter referred to as Rsh ) and the transmission rate with the receiver (hereinafter referred to as Rhd ), if it satisfies Then the candidate coordinating node H knows that it satisfies the cooperating condition. When the data channel corresponding to the data channel number TCH1 is available and satisfies the cooperation condition, the candidate coordinating node H calculates the corresponding access delay and executes step H6. The access delay is an integer multiple of the node-distinguishable time interval (i.e. mini-slot TDI ). The better the channel status, the shorter the access delay. Therefore, the channel can be selected according to the length of the access delay. The candidate cooperating node with the best status. If the cooperation condition is not satisfied, the candidate cooperation node returns to step H1 to listen to the first control channel, and does not perform other operations;
步骤H6，判断是否发送HI分组：该候选协作节点H对第一控制信道进行侦听，若在第一控制信道上侦听到HI分组，则该候选协作节点H返回执行步骤H1即侦听第一控制信道，不进行其它操作；若在接入时延到达之前第一控制信道处于空闲状态，则在接入时延到达后，立即在第一控制信道上发送HI分组，该HI分组中包括候选协作节点标识，还包括Rsh和Rhd。 Step H6, judging whether to send HI packets: the candidate cooperating node H listens to the first control channel, if the HI packet is detected on the first control channel, the candidate cooperating node H returns to execute step H1, that is, listens to the first control channel One control channel, no other operations are performed; if the first control channel is in an idle state before the access delay arrives, then after the access delay arrives, an HI packet is sent on the first control channel immediately, and the HI packet includes Candidate coordination node identifiers also include Rsh and Rhd .
步骤S300，所述接收方若在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组，则以所述候选协作节点标识对应的候选协作节点作为协作节点，并在所述第一控制信道上发送RACK分组，所述RACK分组携带有发送该HI分组的候选协作节点所对应的候选协作节点标识； Step S300, if the receiver receives only one HI packet within the set time interval, use the candidate coordinating node identifier corresponding to the coordinating node as coordinating node, and send RACK on the first control channel Grouping, the RACK grouping carries the candidate coordinating node identifier corresponding to the candidate coordinating node sending the HI group;
上述步骤S300由接收方执行，其执行如图4所示的如下操作： The above step S300 is performed by the receiver, which performs the following operations as shown in Figure 4:
发送方在执行步骤D4即发送CCTS分组之后，执行步骤D5，即判断是否接收到HI分组；若接收到HI分组，判断HI分组是否发生碰撞(步骤D6)：若HI分组未发生碰撞，即接收方在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组，则接收方将该HI分组中包含的候选协作节点标识所对应的候选协作节点作为协作节点，并执行下述步骤D7； The sender executes step D4 after sending the CCTS packet, then executes step D5, which judges whether the HI packet is received; if the HI packet is received, judges whether the HI packet collides (step D6): if the HI packet does not collide, it receives If the party receives only one HI packet within the set time interval, the receiver takes the candidate coordinating node corresponding to the candidate coordinating node identifier contained in the HI group as the coordinating node, and performs the following step D7;
步骤D7，发送RACK分组：接收方将该候选协作节点标识设置在RACK分组中，通过第一控制信道发送该RACK分组。该RACK分组用于通知所有的候选协作节点停止竞争，并用于通知发送方开始发送数据分组。同时，接收方还可根据HI分组中包括的Rsh和Rhd来计算此次数据分组传输所需时间，接收方在第一控制信道上广播选定的协作节点的信息、确认选用的信道信息及本次数据分组传输所需时间，以使得各节点在侦听第一控制信道时获知这 些信息，从而使各节点更新所存储的CUT中的信息。 Step D7, sending a RACK packet: the receiver sets the candidate coordinating node identifier in the RACK packet, and sends the RACK packet through the first control channel. The RACK packet is used to notify all candidate coordinating nodes to stop competing, and is used to notify the sender to start sending data packets. At the same time, the receiver can also calculate the time required for this data packet transmission according to the Rsh and Rhd included in the HI packet, and the receiver broadcasts the information of the selected cooperative node on the first control channel and confirms the selected channel information and the time required for this data packet transmission, so that each node knows the information when listening to the first control channel, so that each node updates the stored information in the CUT.
候选协作节点对第一控制信道进行侦听时，判断是否侦听到RACK分组并指明自己获胜为协作节点(步骤H7)，若侦听到RACK分组，则停止发送HI分组；若在侦听到的RACK分组中指明自己获胜为协作节点，则执行步骤H8接收数据分组。 When the candidate coordinating node listens to the first control channel, it is judged whether to overhear the RACK grouping and indicate that it wins as coordinating node (step H7), if overhearing the RACK grouping, then stop sending the HI grouping; The RACK packet indicates that it wins as a coordinating node, then perform step H8 to receive the data packet. the
步骤S400，所述发送方若接收到所述RACK分组，则通过所述数据信道经由协作节点向所述接收方发送数据分组；所述接收方成功接收所述数据分组后，通过第二控制信道返回ACK分组。 Step S400, if the sender receives the RACK packet, send a data packet to the receiver through the data channel via the coordination node; after the receiver successfully receives the data packet, send the data packet through the second control channel Return ACK packet. the
上述步骤S400具体包括以下操作： The above step S400 specifically includes the following operations:
发送方执行步骤S5后，若判断已收到CCTS分组，则执行步骤S6，判断是否收到HI分组和RACK分组。若发送方已在第一控制信道上接收到HI分组和RACK分组，则向协作节点发送数据分组(步骤S7)：发送方在第一控制信道上接收到HI分组和RACK分组后，获取该RACK分组中所包含的作为协作节点的候选协作节点标识，在数据信道TCH1上向该协作节点发送数据分组。协作节点接收到该数据分组(步骤H8)后，在数据信道TCH1上向接收方转发该数据分组(步骤H9)。 After the sender executes step S5, if it judges that the CCTS packet has been received, it then executes step S6 to judge whether it has received the HI packet and the RACK packet. If the sender has received the HI packet and the RACK packet on the first control channel, then send the data packet to the coordinating node (step S7): after the sender receives the HI packet and the RACK packet on the first control channel, obtain the RACK The identification of the candidate cooperating node as the coordinating node contained in the packet sends the data packet to the coordinating node on the data channel TCH1 . After receiving the data packet (step H8), the coordinating node forwards the data packet to the receiver on the data channel TCH1 (step H9).
如图4所示，接收方执行以下操作： As shown in Figure 4, the receiver performs the following operations:
接收方执行步骤D7即发送RACK分组后，执行步骤D8，判断是否正确接收数据分组：若接收方正确接收该数据分组，则执行步骤D9：通过第二控制信道回复ACK分组。 After the receiver executes step D7, that is, after sending the RACK packet, executes step D8 to judge whether the data packet is received correctly: if the receiver receives the data packet correctly, then executes step D9: replying the ACK packet through the second control channel. the
发送方在执行步骤S7后，在第二控制信道上等待接收ACK分组(步骤S8)，接收到该ACK分组后，则清理数据分组(步骤S9)，恢复空闲状态。同时协作节点在第二控制信道上进行侦听，判断是否侦听到该ACK分组(步骤H10)，若侦听到，则清理数据分组(步骤H11)，恢复空闲状态；否则，重新发送数据分组。 After executing step S7, the sender waits to receive an ACK packet on the second control channel (step S8), and after receiving the ACK packet, clears the data packet (step S9) and returns to the idle state. Simultaneously, the coordinating node listens on the second control channel, and judges whether the ACK packet is heard (step H10), if heard, clears the data packet (step H11), and recovers the idle state; otherwise, resends the data packet . the
在上述步骤S400中，接收方回复ACK分组所使用的第二控制信道，是 在实施该多信道协作数据传输方法前所进行的将单一的物理信道划分为多信道(包含控制信道和数据信道)的过程中，可通过频分多址/时分多址等任意的信道划分方式所划分出的频段/时隙不同于第一控制信道的另一控制信道。 In the above step S400, the second control channel used by the receiver to reply the ACK packet is to divide a single physical channel into multiple channels (including control channels and data channels) before implementing the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method. During the process, another control channel different from the first control channel can be divided into a frequency band/time slot by any channel division method such as frequency division multiple access/time division multiple access. the
在该多信道协作数据传输方法中，由于发送方在接收到RACK分组后，开始发送数据分组，因此在该方法中，各节点在判断数据信道是否可用时，若CUT中的该数据信道满足Trelease＜NAVCRTS或该数据信道当前状态为I，则该数据信道均为可用。 In this multi-channel coordinated data transmission method, since the sender starts to send data packets after receiving the RACK packet, in this method, when each node judges whether the data channel is available, if the data channel in the CUT satisfies Trelease <NAVCRTS or the current state of the data channel is I, then the data channel is available.
图5为本发明一实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法的信号传送时序图。如图5所示，第一控制信道上发送CRTS分组、CCTS分组、HI分组和RACK分组；数据信道上发送由发送方S到协作节点H的数据分组DATA和由协作节点H到接收方D的数据分组DATA；第二控制信道上发送ACK分组。 FIG. 5 is a signal transmission sequence diagram of a multi-channel coordinated data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the CRTS packet, CCTS packet, HI packet and RACK packet are sent on the first control channel; the data packet DATA from the sender S to the coordinating node H and the data packet DATA from the coordinating node H to the receiver D are sent on the data channel Data packet DATA; send ACK packet on the second control channel. the
根据上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，由于在发送方选择可用的数据信道后，由接收方再次对该数据信道的可用性进行确认，并且由接收方来计算发送方与接收方之间可支持的最高信道速率，从而能够为数据分组的传输选择更为实时有效的数据信道，并可获得更加可靠准确的传输速率信息，以使得协作节点所判断的是否满足协作条件的结果符合实时数据信道的状态。而且，由于在该多信道协作数据传输方法中，采用第二控制信道来传送ACK分组，能够避免如下的暴露终端的信号冲突问题。 According to the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment, after the sender selects an available data channel, the receiver confirms the availability of the data channel again, and the receiver calculates the available data channel between the sender and the receiver. The highest channel rate supported, so that a more real-time and effective data channel can be selected for the transmission of data packets, and more reliable and accurate transmission rate information can be obtained, so that the result judged by the cooperative node whether it meets the cooperation conditions is in line with the real-time data channel status. Moreover, since the second control channel is used to transmit the ACK packet in the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method, the following signal collision problem of exposed terminals can be avoided. the
图6为一无线网络的拓扑结构时序图。如图6所示，该无线网络中包括第一发送方Se1、第二发送方Se2、与第一发送方Se1相对应的第一接收方De1、与第二发送方Se2相对应的第二接收方De2以及第一候选协作节点He1和第二候选协作节点He2。第一发送方Se1与第二发送方Se2之间相距一跳，即彼此在对方的通信范围内；第一发送方Se1与第二接收方De2、第二发送方Se2与第一接收方De1之间均相距两跳，即彼此在对方的通信范围外，所以第一接收方Se1和第二接收方Se2互为暴露终端。第一发送方Se1与第一接收方De1之间的第一数据传输和第二发送方Se2与第二接收方De2之间的 第二数据传输均选择了同一数据信道，且第一发送方Se1与第一接收方De1先于第二发送方Se2与第二接收方De2握手成功、接入数据信道进行数据传输，且在第一数据传输中，第一候选协作节点He1作为协作节点。 FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram of a topology structure of a wireless network. As shown in Figure 6, the wireless network includes a first sender Se1, a second sender Se2, a first receiver De1 corresponding to the first sender Se1, a second receiver corresponding to the second sender Se2 Party De2 and the first candidate coordinating node He1 and the second candidate coordinating node He2. The distance between the first sender Se1 and the second sender Se2 is one hop, that is, they are within the communication range of each other; the first sender Se1 and the second receiver De2, the second sender Se2 and the first receiver De1 They are two hops away from each other, that is, they are outside the communication range of each other, so the first receiver Se1 and the second receiver Se2 are mutually exposed terminals. The first data transmission between the first sender Se1 and the first receiver De1 and the second data transmission between the second sender Se2 and the second receiver De2 all select the same data channel, and the first sender Se1 The first receiver De1 succeeds in handshaking with the second receiver De2 before the second sender Se2, accesses the data channel for data transmission, and in the first data transmission, the first candidate coordinating node He1 acts as a coordinating node. the
图7A为ACK分组与数据分组相碰撞的时序图。如图7A所示，当第一发送方Se1向第一候选协作节点He1发送数据分组时，由于第一发送方Se1在第二发送方Se2的通信范围内，第二发送方Se2能够侦听到第一发送方Se1的数据分组的发送行为，所以退避相应的时间，不发送数据分组。当第一数据传输的数据分组已由第一方送方Se1发送至第一候选节点He1、并由第一候选节点He1向第一接收方De1发送时，由于第一候选节点He1与第二发送节点Se2也相距两跳(即不在彼此通信范围内)，第二发送方Se2侦听不到该数据传输，认为数据信道空闲，从而开始向第二接收方De2发送数据分组。在第一数据传输完成时，第一接收方De1通过该数据信道向第一发送方Se1发送ACK分组，若此时第二数据传输仍未完成，则由于第一发送方Se1在第二发送方的通信范围内，该ACK分组将与第二数据传输中的数据分组在第一发送方Se1处产生碰撞，导致第一发送方Se1不能正确接收ACK分组。 FIG. 7A is a timing diagram of collision between ACK packets and data packets. As shown in Figure 7A, when the first sender Se1 sends a data packet to the first candidate coordinating node He1, since the first sender Se1 is within the communication range of the second sender Se2, the second sender Se2 can detect The data packet transmission behavior of the first sender Se1 backs off for a corresponding time and does not transmit the data packet. When the data packet of the first data transmission has been sent by the first sender Se1 to the first candidate node He1, and sent by the first candidate node He1 to the first receiver De1, since the first candidate node He1 and the second sender The node Se2 is also two hops away (that is, not within the communication range of each other), the second sender Se2 cannot detect the data transmission, considers the data channel to be idle, and starts sending data packets to the second receiver De2. When the first data transmission is completed, the first receiver De1 sends an ACK packet to the first sender Se1 through the data channel. Within the communication range of , the ACK packet will collide with the data packet in the second data transmission at the first sender Se1, causing the first sender Se1 to fail to receive the ACK packet correctly. the
图7B为本发明采用第二控制信道避免ACK分组与数据分组相碰撞的时序图。如图7B中所示，由于第一接收方De1向第一发送方Se1通过第二控制信道发送ACK分组，从而避免了该ACK分组与第二数据传输的数据分组相碰撞，解决了暴露终端的问题。 FIG. 7B is a sequence diagram of avoiding collisions between ACK packets and data packets by using the second control channel in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7B, since the first receiver De1 sends an ACK packet to the first sender Se1 through the second control channel, the collision between the ACK packet and the data packet of the second data transmission is avoided, and the problem of the exposed terminal is solved. question. the
由以上分析可以看出，利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，既能有效地适应信道状态的时变性，选择实时有效的数据信道和协作节点，充分利用信道，又能够避免ACK分组导致的信号碰撞导致的传输失败问题，实现了高效的数据传输。 It can be seen from the above analysis that using the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment can effectively adapt to the time-varying nature of the channel state, select real-time effective data channels and cooperative nodes, make full use of the channel, and avoid ACK packets causing The problem of transmission failure caused by signal collision is solved, and efficient data transmission is realized. the
进一步地，上述多信道协作数据传输方法还可包括： Further, the above multi-channel cooperative data transmission method may also include:
当接收方执行步骤D6即判断HI分组是否发生碰撞时，所述接收方若在设定的时间间隔内接收到多个HI分组，则通过所述第一控制信道向所述候选 协作节点发送重发指示(Retry Indication，以下简称RI)分组； When the receiving party executes step D6 to determine whether the HI grouping collides, if the receiving party receives multiple HI groupings within the set time interval, it will send a repeat message to the candidate coordinating node through the first control channel Send instructions (Retry Indication, hereinafter referred to as RI) grouping;
所述数个候选协作节点侦听到所述RI分组后，在K个微时隙中随机退避选择一个微时隙后重新发送所述HI分组，其中K为自然数，直至满足所述接收方在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组。 After the several candidate coordinating nodes detect the RI group, they randomly back off and select a mini-slot in K mini-slots, and then resend the HI group, where K is a natural number, until the receiver meets the requirement of Only one HI packet is received within the set time interval. the
图8为本发明二实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法的信号传送时序图。如图8中所示，当第一控制信道上同时或在预设的时间间隔内同时传送多个候选协作节点发送的HI分组时，多个HI分组发送碰撞，其产生原因是两个或两个以上的候选协作节点选择了相同或相近的接入时延来发送HI分组，在此情况下，接收方将在设定的时间间隔(微时隙)内接收到两个或两个以上的HI分组。此时，接收方不在第一控制信道上回复RACK分组，而是在第一控制信道上发送RI分组(步骤D7’)。该RI分组中包含有多个HI分组发生碰撞的时间，以帮助指明参加下次竞争的候选协作节点，以使得相关的候选协作节点可以快速重新接入。相关的候选协作节点在侦听到该RI分组后，会重发HI分组(步骤H7’)，具体为在侦听到第一控制控制信道空闲并随机在K个微时隙中选择一个微时隙后，其中K为自然数，优选取值范围为4～8。若此次候选协作节点的竞争重发使得接收方在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组，则在第一控制信道上发送RACK分组，按上述多信道协作数据传输方法进行后续流程。若仍存在HI分组碰撞，则重复此过程直至满足接收方在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组。 FIG. 8 is a timing diagram of signal transmission of a multi-channel coordinated data transmission method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, when the HI packets sent by multiple candidate coordinating nodes are simultaneously transmitted on the first control channel or within a preset time interval, multiple HI packet transmissions collide, which is caused by two or two More than two candidate coordinating nodes choose the same or similar access delay to send HI packets. In this case, the receiver will receive two or more HI packets within the set time interval (mini-slot). HI group. At this time, the receiver does not reply the RACK packet on the first control channel, but sends the RI packet on the first control channel (step D7'). The RI packet includes the time when multiple HI packets collide, so as to help specify the candidate coordinating nodes participating in the next competition, so that the relevant candidate coordinating nodes can quickly reconnect. After detecting the RI packet, the relevant candidate coordinating nodes will resend the HI packet (step H7'), specifically, after detecting that the first control channel is idle and randomly selecting a microtime in K microtime slots After the gap, K is a natural number, preferably in the range of 4-8. If the contention retransmission of the candidate coordinating node causes the receiver to receive only one HI packet within the set time interval, the RACK packet is sent on the first control channel, and the subsequent process is carried out according to the above multi-channel cooperative data transmission method. If there is still HI packet collision, repeat this process until the receiver receives only one HI packet within a set time interval. the
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，能够有效解决多个候选协作节点由于信道状态相似，而在竞争时发生冲突的情况，从而使得在这种情况下，仍能够成功选择有效的候选协作节点作为本次数据传输的协作节点，有助于实现协作数据传输，提高该多信道协作数据传输方法的数据传输效率。 Using the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment, it can effectively solve the situation that multiple candidate cooperative nodes collide during competition due to similar channel states, so that in this case, an effective candidate cooperative node can still be successfully selected As the coordinating node of this data transmission, the node is helpful to realize the cooperative data transmission and improve the data transmission efficiency of the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method. the
进一步地，在上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，还可包括： Further, in the above multi-channel cooperative data transmission method, it may also include:
当接收方执行如图4中步骤D9所述的判断是否正确接收数据分组时，所述接收方若没有成功接收到所述数据分组，则通过所述第二控制信道回复 否定确认(Negative Acknowledgment，以下简称NACK)分组(步骤D9’)； When the receiving party performs the judgment as described in step D9 in Figure 4 whether the data packet is correctly received, if the receiving party does not successfully receive the data packet, it will reply to a negative acknowledgment (Negative Acknowledgment, Hereinafter referred to as NACK) grouping (step D9');
所述协作节点在执行步骤H10时侦听到所述NACK分组后，则重新发送所述数据分组(即返回执行步骤H9)，直至接收到所述ACK分组。 After the coordinating node detects the NACK packet when executing step H10, it resends the data packet (that is, returns to step H9) until the ACK packet is received. the
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，当由于一些特殊原因使得接收方未成功接收数据分组时，协作节点可重新向接收方发送该数据分组，提高了该多信道协作数据传输方法的可靠性。 Using the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment, when the receiver fails to receive the data packet due to some special reasons, the coordinating node can resend the data packet to the receiver, which improves the reliability of the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method sex. the
进一步地，在上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，所述重新发送所述数据分组，即在执行步骤H10后返回执行步骤H9时包括：降低传输速率后，重新发送所述数据分组。 Further, in the above multi-channel coordinated data transmission method, the resending the data packet, that is, returning to the execution of step H9 after executing step H10 includes: resending the data packet after reducing the transmission rate. the
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，能够提高重新发送数据分组时接收方成功接收该数据分组的可能性，避免了因多次循环该重新发送该数据分组而造成的时间浪费，提高了该多信道协作数据传输方法的效率。 Utilizing the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment can improve the possibility that the receiving party successfully receives the data packet when resending the data packet, avoiding the time waste caused by resending the data packet for multiple cycles, and improving the The efficiency of the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method. the
进一步地，在上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，还包括： Further, in the above multi-channel cooperative data transmission method, it also includes:
如图2所示的步骤S6所述的判断是否收到HI分组和RACK分组，所述发送方在接收到所述CCTS分组后，若未接收到HI分组，则通过所述数据信道直接向所述接收方发送所述数据分组(步骤S7’)； Step S6 as shown in Figure 2 determines whether to receive HI grouping and RACK grouping, after the sender receives the CCTS grouping, if the HI grouping is not received, then directly to the The receiver sends the data packet (step S7');
相应地，接收方在执行步骤D5时若判断未接收到HI分组，则直接执行步骤D8，判断是否正确接收数据分组，所述接收方若成功接收所述数据分组，则通过第二控制信道返回ACK分组(步骤D9)； Correspondingly, if the receiving party judges that the HI packet is not received when executing step D5, then directly execute step D8 to judge whether the data packet is received correctly, and if the receiving party successfully receives the data packet, it returns through the second control channel ACK grouping (step D9);
所述接收方若没有成功接收到所述数据分组，则通过所述第二控制信道返回NACK分组(步骤D9’)；所述发送方在执行完步骤S7’后，判断是否接收到ACK分组(步骤S8’)，若接收到，则清理数据分组(步骤S9)，若未接收到，通过所述数据信道重新向所述接收方发送所述数据分组。 If the receiver does not successfully receive the data packet, it returns a NACK packet through the second control channel (step D9'); after the sender executes step S7', it determines whether the ACK packet is received ( Step S8'), if received, clean up the data packet (step S9), if not received, resend the data packet to the receiver through the data channel. the
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，当所有候选协作节点在侦听到CRTS分组和CCTS分组后，均判断获知与CRTS中所包含的数据信道号对应的数据信道不可用或判断获知其自身不满足协作条件，没有任一协作 节点发送HI分组时，发送方与接收方仍可以通过选用的数据信道直接进行数据传输，避免了因候选协作节点不能提供协作而导致数据传输失败，进一步提高了该多信道协作数据传输方法的可靠性。 Utilizing the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment, when all candidate coordinating nodes detect the CRTS grouping and CCTS grouping, they all judge that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number contained in the CRTS is unavailable or judge that it is not available. When it does not meet the cooperation conditions and no coordinating node sends HI packets, the sender and the receiver can still directly transmit data through the selected data channel, avoiding the failure of data transmission due to the inability of the candidate coordinating nodes to provide cooperation, and further improving The reliability of the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method is improved. the
进一步地，在上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，发送方在执行步骤S3时，即所述发送方通过第一控制信道向接收方发送携带有数据信道号的CRTS分组之前还包括：所述发送方选择可用数据信道，其中所述可用数据信道为所述CRTS分组中携带的数据信道号所对应的数据信道； Further, in the above multi-channel coordinated data transmission method, when the sender performs step S3, that is, before the sender sends the CRTS packet carrying the data channel number to the receiver through the first control channel, the sender further includes: the sending The party selects an available data channel, wherein the available data channel is the data channel corresponding to the data channel number carried in the CRTS packet;
其中，所述发送方选择可用数据信道包括： Wherein, the sender selects an available data channel including:
所述发送方查看本地维护的信道使用表，所述信道使用表中包括候选数据信道的所述信道号、当前状态及上一次数据传输所用数据信道； The sender checks the channel usage table maintained locally, and the channel usage table includes the channel number of the candidate data channel, the current status and the data channel used for the last data transmission;
若上一次数据传输所用数据信道的当前状态为空闲，选择其为所述可用的数据信道； If the current state of the data channel used for the last data transmission is idle, select it as the available data channel;
若上一次数据传输所用数据信道的当前状态为忙碌，则查看第i个数据信道TCHi的当前状态，其中i是发送方的ID与接收方的ID之和除以所述信道使用表中数据信道个数的余数，若为空闲，则选择其为所述可用的数据信道，若为忙碌，则随机选择任一当前状态为空闲的数据信道。 If the current state of the data channel used for the last data transmission is busy, check the current state of the i-th data channel TCHi , where i is the sum of the ID of the sender and the ID of the receiver divided by the data in the channel usage table If the remainder of the number of channels is idle, it is selected as the available data channel, and if it is busy, any data channel whose current state is idle is randomly selected.
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，优选使用上一次数据传输所用的数据信道，能够使得接收方确认该数据信道可用的概率较大，易于通过一次数据信道选择便能够确定该次数据传输所用数据信道；而且若该上一次数据传输所用的数据信道不可用，则通过以上述特定方式选择一数据信道的方式来避免与其它节点选用同一数据信道，从而提高了该多信道协作数据传输方法的效率和信道利用率。 Utilizing the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above embodiment, it is preferable to use the data channel used for the last data transmission, which can make the receiving party confirm that the data channel is available with a high probability, and it is easy to determine the data transmission through one data channel selection The data channel used; and if the data channel used for the last data transmission is unavailable, avoid selecting the same data channel with other nodes by selecting a data channel in the above-mentioned specific way, thereby improving the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method efficiency and channel utilization. the
进一步地，在上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，还包括： Further, in the above multi-channel cooperative data transmission method, it also includes:
在上述图4的步骤D3中所述的判断数据信道是否可用，若所述接收方接收到所述CRTS分组后，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道不可用，则不做任何回复，即返回步骤D1侦听第一控制信道； Whether the data channel described in the step D3 of above-mentioned Fig. 4 is available, if after the receiver receives the CRTS packet, if it is judged that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is unavailable, then do not do anything Reply, that is, return to step D1 to listen to the first control channel;
所述发送方在设定的时间内没有接收到所述接收方返回的CCTS分组，则重新选择可用数据信道并发送CRTS分组，即发送方在执行步骤S5时，若判断未收到CCTS分组，则返回执行步骤S3。 The sender does not receive the CCTS packet returned by the receiver within the set time, then reselects the available data channel and sends the CRTS packet, that is, when the sender executes step S5, if it is judged that the CCTS packet has not been received, Then return to step S3. the
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，可避免当发送方所选择的数据信道在接收方不可用时仍传送数据分组而导致数据传送失败，直接由接收方来重新选择可用数据信道，进一步提高了该多信道协作数据传输方法的可靠性。 Utilize the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment, can avoid when the data channel that the sender selects is unavailable at the receiver and still transmit the data packet and cause the data transmission to fail, directly reselect the available data channel by the receiver, further improve The reliability of the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method is improved. the
进一步地，在上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，还包括： Further, in the above multi-channel cooperative data transmission method, it also includes:
在上述图4中的步骤D3中所述的，若所述接收方接收到所述CRTS分组后，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道不可用，则所述接收方重新选择一可用数据信道，通过所述第一控制信道向所述发送方返回携带有所述发送方与所述接收方之间可支持的最高信道速率的CCTS分组，以及重新选择的可用数据信道所对应的数据信道号； As described in step D3 in FIG. 4 above, if the receiver receives the CRTS packet, if it is determined that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is unavailable, then the receiver reselects a an available data channel, returning to the sender a CCTS packet carrying the highest channel rate that can be supported between the sender and the receiver through the first control channel, and the corresponding to the reselected available data channel data channel number;
发送方执行步骤S5时获知所述发送方接收到所述CCTS分组后，若判断所述CCTS分组中的所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用，则通过所述第一控制信道向所述接收方发送信道确认(CC)分组； When the sender executes step S5, it is known that after the sender receives the CCTS packet, if it is judged that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number in the CCTS packet is available, the sender sends a message to the receiver through the first control channel. The party sends a channel confirmation (CC) packet;
相应地，所述数个候选协作节点对所述第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争成为协作节点具体包括： Correspondingly, the plurality of candidate coordinating nodes intercepting the first control channel and competing to become coordinating nodes specifically includes:
数个候选协作节点在执行步骤H2即判断是否侦听到CRTS分组后，若侦听到CRTS分组，继续对所述第一控制信道进行侦听，等待侦听所述CCTS分组和所述CC分组，侦听到所述CCTS分组且侦听到所述CC分组后，若判断获知与所述数据信道号对应的数据信道可用、且根据所述最高信道速率判断获知自身满足协作条件，则根据与自身协作时间改善情况对应的接入时延通过所述第一控制信道发送携带候选协作节点标识的HI分组。 After several candidate coordinating nodes perform step H2 to determine whether they have intercepted CRTS packets, if they intercept CRTS packets, continue to intercept the first control channel, waiting to intercept the CCTS packets and the CC packets After detecting the CCTS group and detecting the CC group, if it is determined that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, and it is determined that it meets the cooperation condition according to the highest channel rate, then according to the The access delay corresponding to the self-coordination time improvement condition sends the HI packet carrying the candidate coordinating node identifier through the first control channel. the
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，是在接收方判断CRTS中所包含的数据信道号所对应的数据信道不可用时，由接收方选择一可用数据 信道，并将该数据信道号包含在CCTS分组中由发送方进行确认，这样既能够有效避免因处于发送方通信范围外但处于接收方范围内的其他节点使用与发送方选择的同一数据信道进行数据传送而造成的信号冲突(即隐藏终端问题)，又能够减少再次进行数据信道选择所需要的时间，从而提高了该多信道协作数据传输方法的可靠性及效率。 Using the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment, when the receiver judges that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number included in the CRTS is unavailable, the receiver selects an available data channel, and includes the data channel number in the The CCTS group is confirmed by the sender, which can effectively avoid the signal conflict caused by other nodes outside the communication range of the sender but within the range of the receiver using the same data channel selected by the sender for data transmission (that is, hiding terminal problem), and can reduce the time required for data channel selection again, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method. the
进一步地，上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，其中候选协作节点在执行如图3所示的步骤H6的过程中计算的接入时延，所述接入时延是所述候选协作节点根据所述数据信道的信道质量以及自身的负载程度获取的。 Further, in the above multi-channel coordinated data transmission method, wherein the access delay calculated by the candidate coordinating node in the process of executing step H6 as shown in FIG. The channel quality of the data channel and its own load level are obtained. the
将两个节点之间可支持的最大的数据传输速率称为该速率级别的第1级，随着可支持的最大数据传输速率的减小，速率的级别依次记为第2级、第3级、...第i级、...。当候选协作节点的速率级别为第i级，令协作时间改善比 
利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，由于综合考虑了数据信道的信道质量以及该候选协作节点的负载程度来计算接入时延，使得该接入时延能够准确反映利用该候选协作节点在该数据信道上进行数据传输的有效性，从而使得接收方能够在候选协作节点利用接入时延进行竞争时选择出最佳的候选协作节点作为协作节点，提高了数据传输的效率和成功率。 Using the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the above-mentioned embodiment, since the channel quality of the data channel and the load degree of the candidate coordinating node are considered to calculate the access delay, the access delay can accurately reflect the The effectiveness of data transmission on the data channel, so that the receiver can select the best candidate coordinating node as the coordinating node when the candidate coordinating nodes use the access delay to compete, which improves the efficiency and success rate of data transmission . the
进一步地，上述多信道协作数据传输方法中，若向所述接收方发送数据分组之前，一第二发送方通过所述数据信道向一第二接收方发送数据分组， 且发送方判断获知其与所述第二发送方相距两跳、与所述第二接收方相距一跳，则所述向所述接收方发送数据分组包括： Further, in the above-mentioned multi-channel coordinated data transmission method, if a second sender sends a data packet to a second receiver through the data channel before sending the data packet to the receiver, and the sender judges that it is related to The second sender is two hops away from the second receiver and one hop away from the second receiver, then sending data packets to the receiver includes:
在上述图2所述的步骤S7或步骤S7’中，对所述数据信道进行侦听，若所述数据信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述数据信道发送数据分组。 In step S7 or step S7' described above in FIG. 2, the data channel is monitored, and if the data channel is in an idle state, a data packet is sent through the data channel. the
图9为隐藏终端的信号冲突时序图。当同一无线网络中的两对节点选择了同一数据信道进行数据传输，且其中第一对节点先于第二对节点握手成功、接入数据信道进行数据传输时，若第二对节点的发送方在第一对节点的接收方通信范围内，则第二对节点的发送方能够侦听到当前的数据传输，自动退避NAV时间后使用该数据信道进行数据传输，该NAV为第一对节点的接收方根据第一对节点利用该数据信道的传输速率和所需传输的数据长度计算得来的占用该数据信道的时长。若由于一些原因使得第一对节点的数据传输失败而再次重传时，由于第二对节点无法在对第一控制信道的侦听过程中获知该重传，仍在NAV时间后进行数据传输，所以造成如图9所示的信号冲突。 FIG. 9 is a timing diagram of a signal conflict of a hidden terminal. When two pairs of nodes in the same wireless network select the same data channel for data transmission, and the first pair of nodes succeeds in handshaking and accessing the data channel for data transmission before the second pair of nodes, if the sender of the second pair of nodes Within the communication range of the receiver of the first pair of nodes, the sender of the second pair of nodes can detect the current data transmission, automatically back off the NAV time and use the data channel for data transmission, and the NAV is the first pair of nodes The receiving side calculates the duration of occupying the data channel based on the transmission rate of the data channel used by the first pair of nodes and the length of data to be transmitted. If due to some reasons, the data transmission of the first pair of nodes fails and is retransmitted again, because the second pair of nodes cannot know the retransmission during the monitoring process of the first control channel, the data transmission is still performed after the NAV time, Therefore, a signal conflict as shown in FIG. 9 is caused. the
在上述实施例的技术方案中，若发送方侦听到一CCTS分组，该CCTS分组中包括第二发送方的地址和数据信道号，但发送方未侦听到该第二发送方所发出的CRTS分组，则发送方判断获知自己与第二发送方相距两跳、与第二接收方相距一跳。此时，在到达NAV时间后，发送方转而对数据信道进行侦听，若所述数据信道处于空闲状态，则可以通过所述数据信道发送数据分组。 In the technical solution of the above-mentioned embodiment, if the sender detects a CCTS packet, the CCTS packet includes the address and data channel number of the second sender, but the sender has not heard the second sender's CRTS packet, the sender judges that he is two hops away from the second sender and one hop away from the second receiver. At this time, after the NAV time is reached, the sender turns to listen to the data channel, and if the data channel is in an idle state, the data packet can be sent through the data channel. the
可见，利用上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输方法，由于发送方在向接收方发送数据分组时还需转而对数据信道进行侦听，所以能够避免在多信道协作数据传输过程中隐藏终端的信号冲突问题，使得该多信道协作数据传输方法更为可靠、有效。 It can be seen that, using the multi-channel coordinated data transmission method of the above embodiment, since the sender needs to turn to listen to the data channel when sending a data packet to the receiver, it can avoid hiding the identity of the terminal during the multi-channel coordinated data transmission process. The signal conflict problem makes the multi-channel cooperative data transmission method more reliable and effective. the
本发明还提供一种多信道协作数据传输系统，包括发送装置、接收装置和数个候选协作装置，具体为： The present invention also provides a multi-channel cooperative data transmission system, including a sending device, a receiving device and several candidate cooperative devices, specifically:
该发送装置用于通过第一控制信道发送携带有数据信道号的CRTS分 组； The sending device is used to send the CRTS packet carrying the data channel number through the first control channel;
该接收装置用于在接收到CRTS分组后，若判断获知与数据信道号对应的数据信道可用，则通过第一控制信道向发送装置返回携带有发送装置与接收装置之间可支持的最高信道速率的CCTS分组； The receiving device is used to, after receiving the CRTS packet, if it is judged that the data channel corresponding to the data channel number is available, then return to the sending device through the first control channel the highest channel rate that can be supported between the sending device and the receiving device CCTS grouping;
数个候选协作装置用于对第一控制信道进行侦听、并竞争协作装置，具体包括：数个候选协作装置对第一控制信道上的CRTS分组和CCTS分组进行侦听，若判断获知与数据信道号对应的数据信道可用、且根据最高信道速率判断获知自身满足协作条件，则根据与自身对应的接入时延通过所述第一控制信道发送携带候选协作装置标识的HI分组； Several candidate cooperating devices are used to listen to the first control channel and compete for the cooperating device, specifically including: several candidate cooperating devices listen to CRTS packets and CCTS packets on the first control channel, The data channel corresponding to the channel number is available, and according to the highest channel rate, it is determined that the self satisfies the cooperation condition, and the HI packet carrying the candidate cooperation device identification is sent through the first control channel according to the access delay corresponding to itself;
接收装置还用于在设定的时间间隔内仅接收到一个HI分组时，以候选协作装置标识对应的候选协作装置作为协作装置，并在第一控制信道上发送RACK分组，RACK分组携带有发送该HI分组的候选协作装置所对应的候选协作装置标识； The receiving device is also used for receiving only one HI packet within a set time interval, identifying the corresponding candidate cooperating device as a cooperating device with the candidate cooperating device, and sending a RACK packet on the first control channel, and the RACK packet carries the sending The candidate cooperation device identification corresponding to the candidate cooperation device of the HI group;
发送装置还用于在接收到RACK分组后，通过数据信道经由协作装置向接收装置发送数据分组； The sending device is also used to send a data packet to the receiving device via the data channel after receiving the RACK packet;
接收装置还用于在成功接收数据分组后，通过第二控制信道返回ACK分组。 The receiving device is further configured to return an ACK packet through the second control channel after successfully receiving the data packet. the
根据上述实施例的多信道协作数据传输系统，有效保证了选择实时有效的数据信道和协作装置，适应无线网络灵活移动的特点；而且，还能够彻底避免由ACK分组传输带来的暴露终端问题，大大提高了信道利用率，减小了传输时延和分组丢弃率，能够提供高效、可靠的数据传输。 According to the multi-channel cooperative data transmission system of the above-mentioned embodiment, the selection of real-time and effective data channels and cooperative devices is effectively guaranteed to adapt to the characteristics of flexible mobility of the wireless network; moreover, the problem of exposed terminals caused by ACK packet transmission can be completely avoided, The channel utilization rate is greatly improved, the transmission delay and packet discarding rate are reduced, and efficient and reliable data transmission can be provided. the
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。 Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. the
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| CN101754399A (en)* | 2009-12-16 | 2010-06-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multi-channel collaboration multi-address access method and system |
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