
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种水流振动发电机,属于振动发电技术领域。 The invention relates to a water flow vibration generator, which belongs to the technical field of vibration power generation. the
背景技术Background technique
在现有的水力发电技术中,需要建立水库并使用带有水轮机的发电机。在现有的潮汐发电技术中,潮汐水坝(Tidal Barrage)技术需建立水库并使用带有水轮机的发电机;而潮汐流(Tidal streams)技术则使用水下的带有水轮机的发电机。在波浪发电技术中,需要建立蓄水池(TAPCHAN梯度渠道波动能力转换法)或密闭的腔体(OWC震荡空气柱法)并使用带有水轮机或汽轮机的发电机。由于需要建立蓄水单元和使用旋转部件,这些技术不适用于获取江河、沟渠和浅海中水流的能量。另外,蓄水单元的建立和旋转部件的使用会对环境和水生生物带来负面影响。为了能有效地利用江河、沟渠和浅海中水流及其波动的能量来发电,并减少发电机系统对景观和水生生物的不良影响以及其维护费用,需要提出和研究新颖的发电方法和发电机结构【参考文献1:Godfrey Boyle,Renewable Energy---Power for a sustainable future,OxfordUniversity Press,UK,2004.】。 In existing hydroelectric power generation technology, it is necessary to build a reservoir and use a generator with a water turbine. Among the existing tidal power generation technologies, the tidal dam (Tidal Barrage) technology needs to build a reservoir and use a generator with a water turbine; while the tidal stream (Tidal streams) technology uses an underwater generator with a water turbine. In wave power generation technology, it is necessary to build a reservoir (TAPCHAN gradient channel wave capacity conversion method) or a closed cavity (OWC oscillating air column method) and use a generator with a water turbine or a steam turbine. Due to the need to build water storage units and use rotating parts, these technologies are not suitable for harvesting energy from currents in rivers, ditches and shallow seas. In addition, the construction of the water storage unit and the use of rotating parts can have a negative impact on the environment and aquatic life. In order to effectively use the energy of rivers, ditches and shallow sea water flow and its fluctuations to generate electricity, and reduce the adverse impact of the generator system on the landscape and aquatic organisms and its maintenance costs, it is necessary to propose and study novel power generation methods and generator structures. [Reference 1: Godfrey Boyle, Renewable Energy---Power for a sustainable future, Oxford University Press, UK, 2004.]. the
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是为了克服现有的发电方法不能充分利用江河、沟渠和浅海中水流能量的不足,提供一种水流振动发电机。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water flow vibration generator to overcome the deficiency that the current power generation method cannot fully utilize the water flow energy in rivers, ditches and shallow seas. the
一种水流振动发电机,其特征在于:包括箱体、置于箱体内的密封线圈盒和密封永久磁铁盒,密封线圈盒内安装有线圈组、密封永久磁铁盒内安装有永久磁铁组,密封线圈盒和密封永久磁铁盒其中一个盒体安装于箱体底部呈固定状态作为定子、另一个盒体通过并联弹簧与箱体顶部相连呈悬吊状态作为振动子;上述振动子与箱体四周、与定子之间留有活动间隙;上述线圈组与永久磁铁组正对,即永久磁铁组中每个永久磁铁与线圈组中相应的线圈相对,穿过线圈的磁力线数目为最大;上述箱体还设有进水口和出水口,进水口和出水口分别位于箱体的两个相对侧面上部。A water flow vibration generator, characterized in that it includes a box body, a sealed coil box and a sealed permanent magnet box placed in the box body, a coil group is installed in the sealed coil box, a permanent magnet group is installed in the sealed permanent magnet box, and the sealed permanent magnet box is sealed. One of the coil box and the sealed permanent magnet box is installed on the bottom of the box in a fixed state as a stator, and the other box is connected to the top of the box through parallel springs and is in a suspended state as a vibrator; There is an active gap between the stator and the stator; the above-mentioned coil group is directly opposite to the permanent magnet group, that is, each permanent magnet in the permanent magnet group is opposite to the corresponding coil in the coil group, and the number of magnetic force lines passing through the coil is the largest; the above-mentioned box is also A water inlet and a water outlet are provided, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively located at the upper parts of two opposite sides of the box body.
上述密封线圈盒位于背离密封永久磁铁盒一侧还可以设有增加通过线圈磁通量的软铁片。 The above-mentioned sealed coil box can also be provided with a soft iron sheet to increase the magnetic flux passing through the coil on the side away from the sealed permanent magnet box. the
上述进进水口或和出水口为喇叭形结构,可以增加发电机中水的流速及其波动速度,进而增加作用在发电机振子(线圈盒或永久磁铁盒)的励振力,增加发电机的输出电压,并使得发电机在水流方向反转时也能使用。 The above-mentioned water inlet or water outlet is a trumpet-shaped structure, which can increase the flow velocity and fluctuation velocity of the water in the generator, thereby increasing the excitation force acting on the generator vibrator (coil box or permanent magnet box), and increasing the output of the generator voltage and allows the generator to be used even when the direction of water flow is reversed. the
上述进水口或和出水口中设置有过滤网,可以防止泥砂、水声生物和其它固体物质的进入。 The above-mentioned water inlet or the water outlet is provided with a filter screen, which can prevent the entry of mud, sand, hydroacoustic organisms and other solid substances. the
上述箱体的底部设有细泥砂排出孔,可以方便排除泥沙。 The bottom of the above box body is provided with discharge holes for fine sand, which can facilitate the removal of sand. the
上述振动发电机的发电方法的特征是:当水流经振动子上方的腔体时,由于腔体中的水流速度要大于线圈盒和永久磁铁盒之间缝隙中的水流速度,根据伯努力定律(BERNOULLI’S LAW),缝隙中的静压力要大于腔体中的静压力,因而振子受到一向上的力Fm。由于腔体中水流速度随时间的波动,作用在振子上的力Fm也随时间波动,这会引起弹簧系统的振动。弹簧系统的振动会引起永久磁铁的磁场和相应线圈之间的相对运动,进一步导致线圈中感应电势的产生。 The feature of the power generation method of the above-mentioned vibration generator is: when water flows through the cavity above the vibrator, because the water flow velocity in the cavity is greater than the water flow velocity in the gap between the coil box and the permanent magnet box, according to Bernoulli's law ( BERNOULLI'S LAW), the static pressure in the gap is greater than the static pressure in the cavity, so the vibrator is subjected to an upward force Fm . Due to the fluctuation of water velocity in the cavity with time, the forceFm acting on the vibrator also fluctuates with time, which will cause the vibration of the spring system. The vibration of the spring system will cause the relative motion between the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and the corresponding coil, which further leads to the generation of induced electric potential in the coil.
本发明专利的有益效果是:发电机无旋转部件,并且可以被做成扁平状。因而它可以利用各种浅水中的水流进行发电,能充分利用江河、沟渠和浅海中的水流及其波动能量;通过将其置于水底,能消除发电机对航道、海滨旅游地的景观等的不良环境影响;本发明中发电机的使用能减少水下发电装置的维护费用。 The beneficial effect of the patent of the present invention is that the generator has no rotating parts and can be made into a flat shape. Therefore, it can use the water flow in various shallow waters to generate electricity, and can make full use of the water flow and its wave energy in rivers, ditches and shallow seas; Adverse environmental impact; the use of the generator in the present invention can reduce the maintenance cost of the underwater power generation device. the
附图说明Description of drawings
图1:实施例1的压电发电机结构图 Figure 1: Structural diagram of the piezoelectric generator of Embodiment 1
图2:实施例2的压电发电机结构图 Figure 2: Structural diagram of the piezoelectric generator of Embodiment 2
图中,1.箱体,2.密封永久磁铁盒,3.永久磁铁组,4.细泥砂排出孔,5.密封线圈盒,6.出水口,7.并联弹簧,8.线圈组,9.软铁片,10.振动子和箱体顶 面之间的腔,11.出水口。 In the figure, 1. Box body, 2. Sealed permanent magnet box, 3. Permanent magnet group, 4. Fine mud sand discharge hole, 5. Sealed coil box, 6. Water outlet, 7. Parallel spring, 8. Coil group, 9 .Soft iron sheet, 10. The cavity between the vibrator and the top surface of the box, 11. Water outlet. the
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对发明的技术方案进行详细说明: Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the technical scheme of invention is described in detail:
实施例1的振动发电机如图1所示。 The vibration generator of Embodiment 1 is shown in FIG. 1 . the
发电机包括箱体1、进水口11、出水口6、密封线圈盒5、线圈组8、密封永久磁铁盒2、永久磁铁组3、并联弹簧7,其中线圈组5被固定在密封线圈盒5中;永久磁铁组3被固定在密封永久磁铁盒4中;并联弹簧7的上部和箱体的顶部相连接,下部连接密封线圈盒5;密封永久磁铁盒2位于密封线圈盒5的正下方、被固定在箱体的底面;永久磁铁盒和线圈盒之间隔一缝隙;线圈盒的长度和宽度略小于箱体的长度和宽度,永久磁铁盒的长度和宽度小于线圈盒的长度和宽度;线圈正对永久磁铁;线圈盒的顶部内侧设有软铁片;永久磁铁盒和线圈盒为密封结构,外部的水不能进入永久磁铁盒和线圈盒内;进水口和出水口位于发电机箱体的两个相对侧面上线圈盒和永久磁铁盒的上侧;在发电机的进出水口处设置喇叭形结构,以增加发电机中水的流速及其波动速度、增加发电机的输出电压,并使得发电机在水流方向反转时也能使用;在发电机箱体的底部设有小孔,以方便细泥砂的排出。 The generator includes a box body 1, a water inlet 11, a water outlet 6, a sealed coil box 5, a coil group 8, a sealed permanent magnet box 2, a permanent magnet group 3, and a parallel spring 7, wherein the coil group 5 is fixed on the sealed coil box 5 In the middle; the permanent magnet group 3 is fixed in the sealed permanent magnet box 4; the upper part of the parallel spring 7 is connected with the top of the casing, and the lower part is connected with the sealed coil box 5; the sealed permanent magnet box 2 is located directly below the sealed coil box 5, It is fixed on the bottom surface of the box; there is a gap between the permanent magnet box and the coil box; the length and width of the coil box are slightly smaller than the length and width of the box, and the length and width of the permanent magnet box are smaller than the length and width of the coil box; the coil Facing the permanent magnet; there is a soft iron sheet on the inner side of the top of the coil box; the permanent magnet box and the coil box are sealed structures, and the external water cannot enter the permanent magnet box and the coil box; the water inlet and the water outlet are located on the two sides of the generator box. On the upper side of the coil box and the permanent magnet box on two opposite sides; a horn-shaped structure is set at the water inlet and outlet of the generator to increase the flow rate and fluctuation speed of the water in the generator, increase the output voltage of the generator, and make the generator It can also be used when the water flow direction is reversed; there are small holes at the bottom of the generator box to facilitate the discharge of fine mud and sand. the
发电机箱体的外形尺寸为长65cm×宽40cm×高21cm,由厚度为5mm的塑料板构成;线圈盒的外形尺寸为长63cm×宽38cm×高3.6cm,线圈盒由2mm厚的塑料板构成,线圈盒中软铁片的外形尺寸是长62cm×宽38cm×高0.25cm;永久磁铁盒的外形尺寸为62cm×宽38cm×高0.9cm,永久磁铁盒由2mm厚的塑料板构成;线圈盒和永久磁铁盒之间的缝隙厚度为0.5cm;线圈盒底部和箱体顶部之间的距离为10cm;进出水口的喇叭形导水结构的最大高度是20cm;箱体底部的排沙小孔19的尺寸为0.7cm×40cm;线圈盒中共有3个线圈组,每个线圈组共有3层,每层线圈由40匝同心的矩形平面线圈构成,每层线圈组的尺寸为20cm×37.6cm,线圈的材料为直径为2.5mm的黄铜漆包线;永久磁铁盒中有三块尺寸为长20cm×宽37.6cm×高0.5cm的钕铁硼(NdFeB)永磁材料,钕铁硼(NdFeB)永磁材料的剩磁为1.3T;共使用两个并联弹簧,每个弹簧的弹簧常数是190N/m。 The outer dimensions of the generator box are 65cm long x 40cm wide x 21cm high, and are made of plastic plates with a thickness of 5mm; the outer dimensions of the coil box are 63cm long x 38cm wide x 3.6cm high, and the coil boxes are made of plastic plates with a thickness of 2mm , the outer dimensions of the soft iron sheet in the coil box are 62cm in length × 38cm in width × 0.25cm in height; The thickness of the gap between the permanent magnet boxes is 0.5cm; the distance between the bottom of the coil box and the top of the box is 10cm; the maximum height of the trumpet-shaped water guide structure at the water inlet and outlet is 20cm; the sand discharge holes at the bottom of the box are 19 The size is 0.7cm×40cm; there are 3 coil groups in the coil box, and each coil group has 3 layers. The material is brass enameled wire with a diameter of 2.5mm; there are three pieces of neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) permanent magnet material with a size of 20cm in length × 37.6cm in width × 0.5cm in height in the permanent magnet box, and NdFeB (NdFeB) permanent magnet material The residual magnetism is 1.3T; a total of two parallel springs are used, and the spring constant of each spring is 190N/m. the
当发电机被浸在水下,箱体外的水流速度为0.2m/s,水流速度的波动率为±10%,水流速度的波动频率为1Hz时,每个线圈组中的最大感应电动势的理论值可达19.8V(零-峰值)。若将3个线圈组的输出相并联,发电机的电动势可达59.4V(零-峰值)。在计算中,发电机振动系统的衰减因子被设定为0.5。 When the generator is immersed in water, the water flow velocity outside the box is 0.2m/s, the fluctuation rate of the water flow velocity is ±10%, and the fluctuation frequency of the water flow velocity is 1Hz, the maximum induced electromotive force in each coil group The theoretical value can reach 19.8V (zero-peak value). If the outputs of the three coil groups are connected in parallel, the electromotive force of the generator can reach 59.4V (zero-peak value). In the calculation, the attenuation factor of the vibration system of the generator is set as 0.5. the
实施例2的压电发电机如图2所示。 The piezoelectric generator of Example 2 is shown in FIG. 2 . the
发电机包括箱体1、进水口11、出水口6、密封线圈盒5、线圈组8、密封永久磁铁盒2、永久磁铁组3、并联弹簧7,其中线圈组5被固定在密封线圈盒5中;永久磁铁组3被固定在密封永久磁铁盒4中;并联弹簧7的上部和箱体的顶部相连接,下部连接密封永久磁铁盒5;密封线圈盒5位于密封永久磁铁盒4的正下方、固定在箱体的底面;密封永久磁铁盒和密封线圈盒之间隔一缝隙;密封永久磁铁盒4的长度和宽度略小于箱体的长度和宽度,密封线圈盒的长度和宽度小于密封永久磁铁盒的长度和宽度;线圈分别正对永久磁铁,密封线圈盒底部内侧设有软铁片9;永久磁铁盒和线圈盒为密封结构,外部的水不能进入永久磁铁盒和线圈盒内;进水口和出水口位于发电机箱体的长度方向上两个相对侧面的上部;在发电机的进出水口处设置喇叭形结构,以增加发电机中水的流速及其波动速度、增加发电机的输出电压,并使得发电机在水流方向反转时也能使用;在发电机箱体的底部设有小孔,以方便细泥砂的排出。 The generator includes a box body 1, a water inlet 11, a water outlet 6, a sealed coil box 5, a coil group 8, a sealed permanent magnet box 2, a permanent magnet group 3, and a parallel spring 7, wherein the coil group 5 is fixed on the sealed coil box 5 Middle; the permanent magnet group 3 is fixed in the sealed permanent magnet box 4; the upper part of the parallel spring 7 is connected to the top of the box body, and the lower part is connected to the sealed permanent magnet box 5; the sealed coil box 5 is located directly below the sealed permanent magnet box 4 , fixed on the bottom surface of the box; there is a gap between the sealed permanent magnet box and the sealed coil box; the length and width of the sealed permanent magnet box 4 are slightly smaller than the length and width of the box body, and the length and width of the sealed coil box are smaller than the sealed permanent magnet The length and width of the box; the coils are respectively facing the permanent magnets, and the inner side of the bottom of the sealed coil box is provided with a
发电机箱体的外形尺寸为长65cm×宽40cm×高15.9cm,由厚度为5mm的塑料板构成;永久磁铁盒的外形尺寸为长63cm×宽38cm×高3cm,永久磁铁盒线圈盒由厚度为2mm的塑料板构成;线圈盒的外形尺寸为62cm×宽38cm×高1.4cm,线圈盒中软铁片的外形尺寸是长62cm×宽38cm×高0.25cm,线圈盒由厚度为2mm的塑料板构成;线圈盒和永久磁铁盒之间的缝隙厚度为0.5cm;永久磁铁盒顶部和箱体顶部之间的距离为10cm;进出水口的喇叭形导水结构的最大高度是20cm;箱体底部的排沙小孔的尺寸为0.7cm×40cm;线圈盒中共有3个线圈组,每个线圈组共有3层,每层线圈由40匝同心的矩形平面线圈构成,每层线圈组的尺寸为20cm×37.6cm,线圈的材料为直径为2.5mm的黄铜漆包线;永久磁铁盒中有三块尺寸为长20cm×宽37.6cm×高0.5cm的钕铁硼(NdFeB)永磁材料,钕铁硼(NdFeB)永磁材料的剩磁为1.3T;共使用两个并联弹簧,每个弹簧的弹簧常数是190N/m。 The overall dimensions of the generator box are 65cm long × 40cm wide × 15.9cm high, which is composed of a plastic plate with a thickness of 5mm; 2mm plastic plate; the outer dimension of the coil box is 62cm×width 38cm×height 1.4cm, the outer dimension of the soft iron sheet in the coil box is 62cm×width 38cm×height 0.25cm, and the coil box is composed of a plastic plate with a thickness of 2mm ; The thickness of the gap between the coil box and the permanent magnet box is 0.5cm; the distance between the top of the permanent magnet box and the top of the box is 10cm; the maximum height of the trumpet-shaped water guide structure of the water inlet and outlet is 20cm; The size of the sand hole is 0.7cm×40cm; there are 3 coil groups in the coil box, and each coil group has 3 layers, and each layer of coils is composed of 40 concentric rectangular planar coils, and the size of each layer of coil groups is 20cm× 37.6cm, the material of the coil is brass enameled wire with a diameter of 2.5mm; there are three pieces of neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) permanent magnet materials with a size of 20cm in length × 37.6cm in width × 0.5cm in height in the permanent magnet box, and NdFeB (NdFeB) ) The residual magnetism of the permanent magnet material is 1.3T; two parallel springs are used in total, and the spring constant of each spring is 190N/m. the
当发电机被浸在水下,箱体外的水流速度为0.2m/s,水流速度的波动率为±10%,水流速度的波动频率为1.1Hz时,每个线圈组中的最大感应电动势的理论值可达21.8V(零-峰值)。若将3个线圈组的输出相并联,发电机的电动势可达65.4V(零-峰值)。在计算中,发电机振动系统的衰减因子被设定为0.5。 When the generator is immersed in water, the water flow velocity outside the box is 0.2m/s, the fluctuation rate of the water flow velocity is ±10%, and the fluctuation frequency of the water flow velocity is 1.1Hz, the maximum induced electromotive force in each coil group The theoretical value can reach 21.8V (zero-peak value). If the outputs of the three coil groups are connected in parallel, the electromotive force of the generator can reach 65.4V (zero-peak value). In the calculation, the attenuation factor of the vibration system of the generator is set as 0.5. the
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102350321ACN101922399B (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Water flow vibration generator |
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| CN2010102350321ACN101922399B (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Water flow vibration generator |
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| CN101922399A CN101922399A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
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| CN2010102350321AExpired - Fee RelatedCN101922399B (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Water flow vibration generator |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20120321 Termination date:20180723 | |
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |