CN101890593A - Nickel-based brazing material for brazed diamond tool and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-based brazing material for a brazed diamond tool and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of brazing. The brazing material is high-medium temperature Ni-Cr brazing material alloy powder used for the brazed diamond tool, and comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by weight: 2.0 to 2.5 percent of Si, 4.0 to 4.5 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.7 percent of C, 2.0 to 20.0 percent of Fe, 2.0 to 2.5 percent of P, 1.0 to 1.5 percent of B, and the balance of Ni. By accurately controlling the content of B, Si, P and C on the basis of a Ni-Cr series and properly reducing the content of Cr, the brazing material has the advantages of good brazing performance, excellent holding force on the diamond and narrower sold-liquid phase range, namely the liquid phase temperature does not exceed 950 DEG C, the brazing temperature does not exceed 1,000 DEG C; and the diamond tool brazed by the brazing material has satisfied cutting efficiency and service life.

Description

A kind of nickel-based brazing material for brazed diamond tool and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the soldering tech field, particularly a kind of nickel-based brazing material for brazed diamond tool and preparation method thereof.

Technical background

In plating diamond tool, diamond particles belongs to machinery and plates, and be easy to come off, and lack of alignment, protrusion is low, chip space is little; In sintered diamond tool, the diamond lack of alignment, diamond and carcass powder can not be realized complete metallurgical binding, go out sword and also are difficult to solve from sharp problem.On this basis, brazed diamond tool arises at the historic moment, and just in time remedies the defective in above-mentioned two kinds of diamond tools preparation.Existing high-temperature nickel-based cored solder kind is a lot, but is suitable for the few of brazed diamond tool, or soldering operating temperature too high (greater than 1000 ℃), or the performance of doctor can not satisfy instructions for use.

In the BNi brazing filler metal, BNila composition (wt.%) is 4.0%～5.0%Si, 13.0%～15.0%Cr, 2.75%～3.5%B, 4.0%～5.0%Fe, and surplus is Ni, and its solid-liquid phase temperature is 977 ℃～1097 ℃; That BNi2 is 4.0%～5.0%Si, 6.0%～8.0%Cr, 2.75%～3.5%B, 2.5%～3.5%Fe, and surplus is Ni, and its solid-liquid phase temperature is 971 ℃～999 ℃; That BNi5 is 9.75%～10.5%Si, 18.5%～19.5%Cr, and surplus is Ni, and its solid-liquid phase temperature is 1073 ℃～1135 ℃, and the brazing temperature of obvious above-mentioned solder all surpasses 1000 ℃, and is unfavorable to diamond, influences the quality of diamond tool.That BNi7 is 13.0%～15.0%Cr, 9.7%～10.5%P, and surplus is Ni, and its solid-liquid phase temperature is 888 ℃; Brazing temperature gets final product more than 900 ℃, but this solder phosphorus content height can cause the phosphorus volatilization and form fragility mutually with steel matrix easily.So can not satisfy the needs of diamond tool fully with BNi brazing filler metal brazed diamond tool.In addition, the main component of Zl86100718 Ni-based solder is Ni-Cr-Si-B-Co-Mo, and its non-oxidizability, mechanical behavior under high temperature, brazing property are good, and fusing point is suitable, but cost is higher.

The Alloy Metals of Michigan, United States, the trade mark that Inc.of Troy produces is that the cored solder standard analysis (wt.%) of Amdry-750 is: 4.0%Si, 16.5%Cr, 4.0%Fe, 3.8%B, Ni surplus, its fusing point are 1950 °F～2000 °F (being equivalent to 1065.65 ℃～1093.33 ℃).United States Patent (USP) Pat.No.4776862 mainly introduces the cored solder of Ni-Fe-B-Si system, also have the 60 to 70's of last century some patents of the U.S. such as U.SPat.No.3328189,3378361,3868235,3615309 grades are introduced some Ni base brazing materials, but fusing point surpasses 1000 ℃ basically, is applied to the soldering brazed diamond tool and is easy to cause adamantine hydrothermal alternation and degeneration.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nickel-based brazing material for brazed diamond tool and preparation method thereof, because the soldering object is diamond particles and steel matrix in the brazed diamond tool, and in line with following cored solder alloyed powder composition design principle: 1. good wetability, lower angle of wetting; 2. good ductility; 3. make diamond that enough protrusion heights and good appearance bits ability are arranged; 4. good hold; 5. lower fusing point; 6. lower cost.Screen in a large amount of Ni-Cr set members, design and preparation have also been invented this cored solder.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of in-Ni-Cr that high temperature is used for brazed diamond tool is the cored solder alloyed powder, and provides the preparation method of above-mentioned alloyed powder.

Ni-Cr of the present invention is used for diamond tool cored solder alloyed powder composition (wt.%) to be: 2.0%～2.5%Si, and 4.0%～4.5%Cr ,≤0.7%C, 2.0%～20.0%Fe, 2.0%～2.5%P, 1.0%～1.5%B, surplus is Ni.

The percetage by weight optimum range of Fe of the present invention is 2.0%～2.5%.

The percetage by weight optimum range of C of the present invention is 0.50%～0.55%.

The solid-liquid phase temperature of Ni-based solder alloyed powder of the present invention is: 880 ℃～930 ℃, optimum is 887.7 ℃-925.6 ℃, and brazing temperature is no more than 980 ℃ and gets final product, and can not cause heat waste to diamond, the good intensity height of hold is better than high-temperature nickel-based cored solder combination property.

The preparation method of above-mentioned alloyed powder provided by the invention is hydraulic atomized, and concrete steps are as follows:

(1) according to percetage by weight 2.0%～2.5%Si, 4.0%～4.5%Cr, 0.5%～0.7%C, 2.0%～20.0%Fe, 2.0%～2.5%P, 1.0%～1.5%B, surplus is the chemical composition batching of Ni;

(2) in intermediate frequency furnace, C is put into furnace bottom, put Ni, Fe and Cr piece above, when treating that above-mentioned block of material is molten clear, put into Si, B and P, in 1450 ℃～1560 ℃ all batchings are melted;

(3), under the condition of flow and temperature, utilize water under high pressure above-mentioned melt to be atomized and the required powder of formation in the atomizing bucket at certain pressure.

The pressure of above-mentioned atomizing can be at 480Kg～850kg, and flow is adjusted in 70L/ minute～150L/ minute scope, and atomization temperature is controlled at 1350 ℃～1560 ℃.

Of the present inventionly be a little, on the basis of Ni-Cr system, accurately control the content of B, Si, P, C and the content that appropriateness reduces Cr, make it both have good brazing property, again diamond there is outstanding hold, has simultaneously narrower solid-liquid phase scope again, that is liquidus temperature is no more than 950 ℃, and brazing temperature is no more than 1000 ℃, can obtain satisfied cutting efficiency and life-span with the diamond tool of this cored solder soldering.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the DSC curve of the powder of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is the DSC curve of the powder ofembodiment 2.

Fig. 3 is the DSC curve of the powder of embodiment 3.

Fig. 4 is the powder X-ray material phase analysis of embodiment 3.

Fig. 5 is the SEM shape appearance figure of the powder of embodiment 3.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1: the prescription of present embodiment by weight percentage, concrete composition is as follows:

Si:8.0%, Cr:16.5%, C:0.6%, Fe:8.0%, B:3.5%, surplus is Ni.

(1) prepares burden by the proportioning of mentioned component design;

(2) in intermediate frequency furnace, C is put into furnace bottom, put Ni, Fe and Cr piece above, when treating that above-mentioned block of material is molten clear, put into Si and B, in 1520 ℃～1560 ℃ fusings;

(3), under the condition of 120L/ minute flow and 1560 ℃, utilize water under high pressure that above-mentioned melt is atomized at 850Kg pressure.The laser particle size D of atomizing back powder₅₀Be (mistake-200 mesh sieve) about 30 microns, Control for Oxygen Content is in 450ppm.

Above-mentioned hydraulic atomized equipment is the small test equipment.

Fig. 1 is the DSC curve of this composition Ni-Cr-B-Si, and tester is produced by the anti-company of speeding of the U.S..Solid-liquid phase temperature is 959.5 ℃～1042.5 ℃, does not obviously meet design requirement.

Embodiment 2

The prescription of present embodiment by weight percentage, concrete composition is as follows:

Si:2.5%, Cr:5.5%, C:0.5%, Fe:2.5%, P:3.0%, surplus is Ni.

Powder preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is the DSC curve of this composition Ni-Cr-P, and tester is produced by the anti-company of speeding of the U.S..Solid-liquid phase temperature is 933.6 ℃～1283.3 ℃, does not obviously also meet design requirement.

Embodiment 3

The prescription of present embodiment by weight percentage, concrete composition is as follows:

Si:2.5%, Cr:4.5%, C:0.5%, Fe:2.5%, P:2.5%, B:1.5%, surplus is Ni.

(1) prepares burden by the proportioning of mentioned component design;

(2) in intermediate frequency furnace, C is put into furnace bottom, put Ni, Fe and Cr piece above, when treating that above-mentioned block of material is molten clear, put into Si, B and P,, in 1520 ℃～1560 ℃ fusings;

(3), under the condition of 140L/ minute flow and 1560 ℃, utilize water under high pressure that above-mentioned melt is atomized at 500Kg pressure.The laser particle size D of atomizing back powder₅₀Be (mistake-200 mesh sieve) about 20 microns, Control for Oxygen Content is in 650ppm, and the pine dress compares 2.47g/cm³, do not have mobile.

Above-mentioned hydraulic atomized equipment is the small test equipment.

Fig. 3 is the DSC curve of this composition Ni-Cr system, and tester is produced by the anti-company of speeding of the U.S..Solid-liquid phase temperature is 887.7 ℃～925.6 ℃, meets design requirement.

Fig. 4 is the powder X-ray material phase analysis of embodiment 3.Utilize x-ray powder diffraction method, powder is carried out facies analysis.With the base peak contrast of Ni, tangible left avertence takes place its peak position moves, and intermediate compound is such as Cr₃Ni₂, unusual trace such as NiC, illustrate that it forms the solid solution of Ni basically.

Fig. 5 is the SEM shape appearance figure of the powder of embodiment 3.

Claims (3)

1. nickel-based brazing material for brazed diamond tool, it is characterized in that, this cored solder be in-Ni-Cr that high temperature is used for brazed diamond tool is the cored solder alloyed powder, chemical component weight percentage is: 2.0%～2.5%Si, 4.0%～4.5%Cr ,≤0.7%C, 2.0%～20.0%Fe, 2.0%～2.5%P, 1.0%～1.5%B, surplus is Ni.

2. Ni-based solder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the percetage by weight of Fe is 2.0%～2.5% in the solder alloy powder, and the percetage by weight of C is 0.50%～0.55%.

3. the preparation method of the described nickel-based brazing material for brazed diamond tool of claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises following processing step:

(1) according to percetage by weight 2.0%～2.5%Si, 4.0%～4.5%Cr ,≤0.7%C, 2.0%～20.0%Fe, 2.0%～2.5%P, 1.0%～1.5%B, surplus is the chemical composition batching of Ni;

(2) in intermediate frequency furnace, C is put into furnace bottom, put Ni, Fe and Cr piece above, when treating that above-mentioned block of material is molten clear, put into Si, B and P, in 1450 ℃～1560 ℃ all batchings are melted;

(3) at pressure 480Kg～850kg, flow was at 70L/ minute～150L/ minute, and atomization temperature is controlled at 1350 ℃～1560 ℃, utilizes water under high pressure that above-mentioned melt is atomized, and in the atomizing bucket the required powder of formation.

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