CN101880197B

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN101880197B
Application number: CN200910219977A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金福艳; 李新
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Liaoning Sheng De Source Microbiological Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2009-11-18
Filing date: 2009-11-18
Publication date: 2012-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-18
Also published as: CN101880197A

Abstract

The invention relates to an agricultural fertilizer, in particular to a microbial compound fertilizer and application thereof. The microbial compound fertilizer specifically consists of a zymophyte agent and a compound fertilizer, wherein each gram of the compound fertilizer comprises not less than 0.2*108 bacterial cells; the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 15 percent of farmyard manure, 10 to 30 percent of humic acid, 5 to 8 percent of grass carbonic acid, 15 to 30 percent of nutrient and the balance of boric sludge; and the zymophyte agent is obtained by fermenting silicate bacteria, azotobacter chroococcum, actinomycetes, saccharomyces cerevisiae and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, wherein the silicate bacteria, the azotobacter chroococcum, the actinomycetes, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides are mixed together in a weight fraction of 1:1:1:1:1. The microbial compound fertilizer acting on a big field can increase the yield of crops by 20 to 30 percent, and simultaneously can obviously increase the percentage of fertile fruits, reduce fruit dropping and overgrow the fruits; besides, the maturation stage is shortened by 5 to 7 days, the yield-increasing effect is obvious, and simultaneously, the microbial compound fertilizer can obviously improve the appearance, the mouthfeel, the color and luster and the like of products, improve the quality by 1 to 2 grades, and prolong the product freshness date.

Description

A kind of micro organism composite fertilizer and application thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural fertilizer, a kind of specifically micro organism composite fertilizer and application thereof.

Background technology

Along with Increase of population, for satisfying the grain needs, the consumption of China's chemical fertilizer is the trend of sustainable growth; Use chemical fertilizer and make a great contribution, but also brought serious environmental to pollute and ecological balance damage owing to use chemical fertilizer for a long time in a large number simultaneously, also cause soil compaction solving the food shortage problem; Make that useful microbe sharply reduces in the soil, the perviousness of soil, oxygen delivery capacity and keep the nutrient balance ability and reduce, a large amount of residues of harmful substances and harmful microorganism; Controlled root system of plant to nutrient, absorption of water; Soil structure is changed, cause that plant growth is bad, quality descends, various diseases are on the rise; The increase of inside plants pesticide residue is seriously threatening human beings'health and safety simultaneously.

Development along with green agriculture; The application in agriculture prodn of bio-fertilizer or composite bio-fertilizer more and more receives people's attention; Generally make base manure and append fertilizer when present most countries is used composite fertilizer and use, both can not take into account, in the main raw material nitrogen phosphorus potassium three big key elements; Nitrogen lacks slow release/controlled release technology, also just loses the stable balance merit between nitrogen and the phosphorus potassium.The nitrogen effect phase is short, and loss amount is big in the use, have to impose nitrogenous fertilizer in plant growth mid-term, and is when topdressing operational cost, effort, efficient with the modern times, the agriculture prodn that simplifies the operation is unbecoming.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of micro organism composite fertilizer and application thereof of single fertilization.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:

A kind of micro organism composite fertilizer: form by fermenting agent and composite fertilizer, contain in its every gram composite fertilizer and be not less than 0.2 * 10⁸Individual mycetocyte, said composite fertilizer by weight percentage, farm manure 5-15%, humic acid 10-30%, careless carbonic acid 5-8%, nutrient substance 15-30%, synergistic agent 5-10%, surplus is a boron mud; Said fermenting agent is that silicate bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter, actinomycetes, S. cervisiae and Rhodopseudomonas spheroides fermentation form, and silicate bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter, actinomycetes, S. cervisiae and Rhodopseudomonas spheroides were according to 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 weight fraction mixed.

Said farm manure is for being made up of major ingredient and auxiliary material by ordinary method production, content meter by weight, and wherein major ingredient accounts for 94-97%, and auxiliary material accounts for 3-6%; Major ingredient is by wheat straw, straw, corn cob, cotton seed hull, corn stalk powder, soya bean stem meal, waste cotton, wheat bran, rice husk, wood chip, cotton straw powder, weeds; The alditol slag, the 2-4 kind mixture in xylose residue, bagasse, fresh grain stillage, rapeseed cake, cow dung, chicken manure, horsehit, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement, human excrement, pigsty fertilizer and the pond sludge soil is formed; Auxiliary material is by soybean cake powder; Cotton seed cake, wheat bran, urea, composite fertilizer, superphosphate of lime, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, lime powder, terra alba, lime carbonate, plant ash, potassium primary phosphate, sucrose, brown sugar, ammoniacal liquor, the three-dimensional nutrient substance of edible mushrooms, dried yeast tablets, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, glucose and vitamins B₁In 3-6 kind mixture form.

Said nutrient substance is that N, P, K form, wherein 20-30%N, 15-30%P, 10-15%K by weight percentage, and the providing of said P, N, K element, P is P₂O₅Or superphosphate of lime; N is a granular urea; K is Kcl or K₂SO₄

Said synergistic agent is an agricultural synergist.

Said fermenting agent is inoculated silicate bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter, actinomycetes, S. cervisiae and Rhodopseudomonas spheroides respectively; Then by 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 weight fraction mixed is changeed 60-70 ℃/200,1: 0.5 air flow of dissolved oxygen is cultivated, and is tasteless until culture.

The application of micro organism composite fertilizer: the disposable amount by 25-40 kilogram/mu of said micro organism composite fertilizer is manured into soil in the matrix, then plants farm crop, ripe until farm crop.

The disposable amount by 15-50 kilogram/mu of said micro organism composite fertilizer is manured into soil in the matrix, then plants flowers, until blooming.

The advantage that the present invention had:

1. improve output, improve quality, micro organism composite fertilizer of the present invention is acted on big Tanaka, can make crop yield 20-30%; Can significantly increase percentage of fertile fruit simultaneously, reduce shedding, make fruit loose; In generally 5-7 days in advance ripening stage, effect of increasing production is obvious, possibly obviously improve product appearance, mouthfeel, color and luster etc. simultaneously; Quality improves 1-2 grade, prolongs the product freshness date.

2. the raising chemical fertilizer utilization ratio reduces applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, after the mikrobe in the fertilizer of the present invention gets into soil, and the nitrogen in a large amount of breedings ability fixed airs of active bio bacterial strain; Decompose organic residual body and unavailable phosphorus of crop and potassium in the soil, transform the available nutrient of crop, can reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer more than 50%, improve fertilizer utilization ratio greatly, cost is reduced.

3. improve the soil; A large amount of breedings of microbial strains in the fertilizer of the present invention improve the microecosystem of soil greatly, promote the formation of soil aggregate; Strengthen the ventilation property of soil; Improve the preserve moisture and fertility ability of soil, eliminate applying the soil compaction that chemical fertilizer causes throughout the year in a large number, improve soil activation.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The cultivation of silicate bacteria (Silicate bacteria): culture medium preparation: sucrose 10g, Nacl10g, potassium hydrogenphosphate 2g, sal epsom 0.5g, ammonium sulfate 1g, CaCO₃3g is soluble in water, and PH=7.2 goes into 121 ℃ of triangular flasks, sterilization in 30 minutes, the inoculation of cooling back, and last shaking table 28 ℃/200 changes to be cultivated 48 hours, for use.

The cultivation of blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chrooccum Beijerinck): the preparation of substratum: potassium primary phosphate 1g, CaCO₃2g, iron trichloride 0.1g, sal epsom 0.2g, Nacl 0.2g, Sodium orthomolybdate 0.005g, sucrose 10g are water-soluble, PH7.0, and being inoculated in shaking table 30 ℃/200 after sterilization, the cooling changes and cultivated 48 hours, for use.

Actinomycetes (Actinomycete) are adopted streptomycete (Streptomycetaceae) culture medium preparation; Semen Maydis powder 60g is heated into pasty state with less water dissolving, will add in the culture medium solution of sal epsom 0.2g, potassium hydrogenphosphate 0.25g, Sodium phosphate, dibasic 1g PH=7.4 in triangular flask 121 ℃ again; Sterilization in 30 minutes; The inoculation of cooling back, and 28 ℃/90-200 of shaking table commentaries on classics cultivation 72 hours, for use.

The preparation of S. cervisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) substratum: with boiling 30 minutes in the 100g soybean sprout adding 1000ml water; Get 100ml bean sprouts juice and add 4g yeast extract paste, 15g sucrose 2gNacl, 1g peptone; PH=6.5-6.7 sterilizes 121 ℃, cooling back inoculation in 30 minutes; And shaking table 28 ℃/200 commentaries on classics cultivations 16-20 hour, for use.

The preparation of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides (Rps.globiformis) substratum: 1g ammonium sulfate, 2gNacl, 0.5g potassium hydrogenphosphate, 0.2g sal epsom, 0.05g iron trichloride, 0.05mg copper sulfate, 0.05mg sal epsom, 1mg zinc sulfate, 2g peptone, 0.1g yeast extract paste; PH=7.5 soluble in water; Sterilize 115 ℃; Be cooled to 30 ℃ of inoculations in 15 minutes, illumination 30-35 ℃, 72-120 hour to scarlet bacterium liquid.All for use with last bacteria culture fluid with the nutrient solution of 1000ml.

Fermenting agent is with Semen Maydis powder 10 ‰, sucrose 15 ‰, potassium hydrogenphosphate 0.02 ‰, CaCO₃0.3 ‰, sal epsom 0.02 ‰ is processed fermention medium; PH=7.4 before the sterilization then moves into fermentor tank and dissolves 121 ℃ surely; Sterilization in 30 minutes; To be cooled to 30 ℃, then in 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 weight fraction ratio is blended in above-mentioned bacterial classification 60 ℃/200 changes silicate bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter, actinomycetes, S. cervisiae and Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, 1: 0.5 air flow of dissolved oxygen is cultivated, tasteless until culture.

Micro organism composite fertilizer is made up of fermenting agent and composite fertilizer; With composite fertilizer by weight percentage; Farm manure 5%, humic acid 10%, careless carbonic acid 5%, nutrient substance 15%, synergistic agent 5%, surplus for boron mud mix through screening, oven dry, broken, then add fermenting agent and mix to contain in the every gram composite fertilizer and be not less than 0.2 * 10⁸Individual mycetocyte; Mix back granulation, oven drying at low temperature, screening, promptly get micro organism composite fertilizer; Wherein nutrient substance is N, P, K, and said N, P, K element are provided by granular urea, superphosphate of lime, Kcl respectively, and said NPK is 33 content.Said synergistic agent is controlled release long-acting synergistic agent (available from Shenyang Zhongke Green Field Agriculture Development Co., Ltd.).

Embodiment 2

Micro organism composite fertilizer is made up of fermenting agent and composite fertilizer; With composite fertilizer by weight percentage; Farm manure 15%, humic acid 30%, careless carbonic acid 8%, nutrient substance 30%, synergistic agent 3%, surplus for boron mud mix through screening, oven dry, broken, then add fermenting agent and mix to contain in the every gram composite fertilizer and be not less than 0.2 * 10⁸Individual mycetocyte; Mix back granulation, oven drying at low temperature, screening, promptly get micro organism composite fertilizer.

Embodiment 3

Micro organism composite fertilizer is made up of fermenting agent and composite fertilizer; With composite fertilizer by weight percentage; Farm manure 10%, humic acid 20%, careless carbonic acid 6%, nutrient substance 20%, synergistic agent 4%, surplus for boron mud mix through screening, oven dry, broken, then add fermenting agent and mix to contain in the every gram composite fertilizer and be not less than 0.2 * 10⁸Individual mycetocyte; Mix back granulation, oven drying at low temperature, screening, promptly get micro organism composite fertilizer.

Embodiment 4

Micro organism composite fertilizer is made up of fermenting agent and composite fertilizer; With composite fertilizer by weight percentage; Farm manure 9%, humic acid 2 5%, careless carbonic acid 7%, nutrient substance 25%, surplus for boron mud mix through screening, oven dry, broken, then add fermenting agent and mix to contain in the every gram composite fertilizer and be not less than 0.2 * 10⁸Individual mycetocyte; Mix back granulation, oven drying at low temperature, screening, promptly get micro organism composite fertilizer.

Application examples

Experimental field soil is that brown moisture soil, quality are husky earth; It is on the lower side medium to require great effort; The soil organism 1.58%, full nitrogen 0.079%, quick-acting nitrogen 74.03ppm, rapid available phosphorus 98.47ppm, available potassium 76.68ppm, PH7.8, experimental cultivar cucumber, green pepper, corn, flowers.

Experiment is one-factor experiment:

A: the disposable amount by 40 kilograms/mu of the obtained micro organism composite fertilizer of the foregoing description is applied the farm crop soil matrix, apply the flowers soil matrix by 25 kilograms/mu amounts.

B: common fertilizer applies matrix and is then irregularly appending fertilising, and cucumber, green pepper chase after nitrogen 10kg/ mu, corn 25kg/ mu, flowers (blueberry) 20kg/ mu.

C: blank.

Every processing triplicate, district's group is arranged at random, 14.23 mu of cucumber, green pepper sub-district areas, 66.7 mu of corn sub-district areas produce by the sub-district is real during 65 mu of results of flowers sub-district area, and cucumber, green pepper are gathered repeatedly.

Interpretation of result

Table 1 cucumber yield

Table 2 green pepper

Table 3 corn

Table 4 flowers (blueberry)

Other applies embodiment gained micro organism composite fertilizer, can make increasing production of rice 16%, wheat increase yield 18%, apple raising the output 17%; Increasing yield of water melons 19%, said product sugar degree increases 0.7-0.9%, and sickness rate reduces to more than 50%; Romaine lettuce raising the output 30%, tomato production promoting 30-40%, eggplant 20-30%; Peanut yield increasing 20%, sweet potato raising the output 30%, Chinese cabbage is increased production 30% above-mentioned crop sickness rate and reduces 50%.

Be example with the corn simultaneously, measure the soil of maize planting, can know that applying the fertile phase of common fertilizer is 70-80 days, applying the fertile phase of fertilizer of the present invention is 120-130 days.

Claims

1. micro organism composite fertilizer is characterized in that: be made up of fermenting agent and composite fertilizer, contain in its every gram composite fertilizer and be not less than 0.2 * 10⁸Individual mycetocyte, said composite fertilizer by weight percentage, farm manure 5-15%, humic acid 10-30%, careless carbonic acid 5-8%, nutrient substance 15-30%, surplus is a boron mud; Said fermenting agent is that silicate bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter, actinomycetes, S. cervisiae and Rhodopseudomonas spheroides fermentation form, and said silicate bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter, actinomycetes, S. cervisiae and Rhodopseudomonas spheroides were according to 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 weight fraction mixed;

Said nutrient substance is that N, P, K form, wherein 20-30%N, 15-30%P, 10-15%K by weight percentage, and said P is P₂O₅Or superphosphate of lime; N is a urea; K is KCl or K₂SO₄

Silicate bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter, actinomycetes, S. cervisiae and Rhodopseudomonas spheroides are inoculated respectively; Then by 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 weight fraction mixed 60-70 ℃/200 commentaries on classics, air flow of 1: 0.5 of dissolved oxygen amount in fermention medium are cultivated, and be tasteless until culture;

Said farm manure is for being made up of major ingredient and auxiliary material by ordinary method production, content meter by weight, and wherein major ingredient accounts for 94-97%, and auxiliary material accounts for 3-6%; Major ingredient is by wheat straw, straw, corn cob, cotton seed hull, corn stalk powder, soya bean stem meal, waste cotton, wheat bran, rice husk, wood chip, cotton straw powder, weeds; The alditol slag, the 2-4 kind mixture in xylose residue, bagasse, fresh grain stillage, rapeseed cake, cow dung, chicken manure, horsehit, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement, human excrement, pigsty fertilizer and the pond sludge soil is formed; Auxiliary material is by soybean cake powder, cotton seed cake, wheat bran, urea, superphosphate of lime, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, lime powder, terra alba, lime carbonate, plant ash, potassium primary phosphate, sucrose, brown sugar, ammoniacal liquor, dried yeast tablets, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, glucose and vitamins B₁In 3-6 kind mixture form.

2. by the described micro organism composite fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said composite fertilizer by weight percentage, farm manure 5-15%, humic acid 10-30%, careless carbonic acid 5-8%, nutrient substance 15-30%, synergistic agent 3-6%, surplus is a boron mud; Said synergistic agent is an agricultural synergist.

3. application by the described micro organism composite fertilizer of claim 1 is characterized in that: the disposable amount by 25-40 kilogram/mu of said micro organism composite fertilizer is manured into soil in the matrix, then plants farm crop, until the farm crop maturation.

4. application by the described micro organism composite fertilizer of claim 1 is characterized in that: the disposable amount by 15-50 kilogram/mu of said micro organism composite fertilizer is manured into soil in the matrix, then plants flowers, until blooming.