CN101848175A - Methods and devices for pilot signal transmitting and pilot signal-based channel estimation - Google Patents
Methods and devices for pilot signal transmitting and pilot signal-based channel estimationDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种导频信号发送及基于导频信号的信道估计的方法、装置。The present invention relates to the communication field, in particular to a pilot signal transmission and a method and device for channel estimation based on the pilot signal.
背景技术Background technique
在多载波通信系统中，导频(Pilot)信号常用于实现信道估计。而多载波系统的导频信号通常要基于一定的规则进行设计。以正交频分复用(OFDM，Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)多载波系统为例，导频信号可以采用梳状导频设计规则进行设计。在OFDM系统中，假定一个频段中共有N个子载波，在每N_f个子载波中设置一个导频信号，利用该导频信号可计算其所在子载波的信道估计值，进而对用户使用的整个频谱资源进行信道估计。In a multi-carrier communication system, a pilot (Pilot) signal is often used to implement channel estimation. However, the pilot signal of the multi-carrier system usually needs to be designed based on certain rules. Taking an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) multi-carrier system as an example, the pilot signal can be designed using comb pilot design rules. In the OFDM system, assuming that there are N subcarriers in a frequency band, a pilot signal is set in every N_f subcarriers, and the channel estimation value of the subcarrier can be calculated by using the pilot signal, and then the entire spectrum resource used by the user Do channel estimation.
在实际应用中，特别是在认知无线电技术领域，一段频谱中的某些子载波可能被其它系统的用户占用，造成认知系统用户可以使用的子载波不连续，为了有效提高频谱利用率，一种非连续多载波技术被发明出来。非连续多载波技术可以使当前用户灵活使用未被其它系统的用户占用的非连续子载波，且不对所述其它系统形成干扰，使得系统的频谱利用率提高。In practical applications, especially in the field of cognitive radio technology, some subcarriers in a spectrum may be occupied by users of other systems, resulting in discontinuous subcarriers that users of cognitive systems can use. In order to effectively improve spectrum utilization, A discontinuous multi-carrier technique was invented. The discontinuous multi-carrier technology can enable the current user to flexibly use discontinuous subcarriers not occupied by users of other systems without causing interference to the other systems, so that the spectrum utilization rate of the system is improved.
非连续多载波系统是根据当前频谱占用情况，确定实际采用的传输子载波样式。传统的连续多载波系统中的信道估计方法被应用于非连续多载波系统后至少存在以下缺点：发送端仍采用传统多载波系统导频设计规则，而部分子载波又不可用，可能导致部分导频信号不能正常发送，因而破坏了导频间隔，使得信道估计误差增大。接收端根据传统多载波系统导频信号所在子载波估计信道，导致在发送端未发送导频的子载波上信道估计错误。The discontinuous multi-carrier system determines the actual transmission sub-carrier pattern according to the current spectrum occupancy situation. The channel estimation method in the traditional continuous multi-carrier system has at least the following disadvantages after being applied to the discontinuous multi-carrier system: the transmitting end still adopts the pilot design rules of the traditional multi-carrier system, and some sub-carriers are not available, which may lead to partial pilots. The frequency signal cannot be sent normally, thus destroying the pilot interval and increasing the channel estimation error. The receiving end estimates the channel according to the subcarriers where the pilot signals of the traditional multi-carrier system are located, resulting in channel estimation errors on the subcarriers where the pilot signals are not sent at the sending end.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种导频信号发送及基于导频信号的信道估计的方法、装置，以实现在非连续多载波系统中发送导频信号，便于对非连续多载波系统进行基于导频信号的信道估计。The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and device for pilot signal transmission and pilot signal-based channel estimation, so as to realize the transmission of pilot signals in a discontinuous multi-carrier system, and facilitate the discontinuous multi-carrier system based on Channel estimation for pilot signals.
根据本发明的一实施例，提供一种导频信号发送方法，包括如下步骤：According to an embodiment of the present invention, a pilot signal transmission method is provided, including the following steps:
获取非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式；Obtaining a carrier transmission pattern of carrier resources in a discontinuous multi-carrier system;
根据所述载波传输样式，在所述载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号；According to the carrier transmission pattern, select some subcarriers in the available subcarriers of the carrier resource to set pilot signals;
将设置导频信号的子载波通过多载波信号的形式发送出去，所述导频信号用于提供给接收端以对非连续多载波系统进行信道估计。The sub-carriers on which the pilot signals are set are sent out in the form of multi-carrier signals, and the pilot signals are used to provide the receiving end for channel estimation of the discontinuous multi-carrier system.
根据本发明的又一实施例，提供一种基于导频信号的信道估计方法，包括如下步骤：According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a method for channel estimation based on pilot signals is provided, including the following steps:
获取导频设置规则和非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式；Obtain the pilot setting rules and the carrier transmission pattern of carrier resources in the discontinuous multi-carrier system;
根据所述导频设置规则和所述载波传输样式得到导频信号设置情况，所述导频信号设置在载波资源中可用子载波的部分子载波内；Obtaining pilot signal setting conditions according to the pilot setting rule and the carrier transmission pattern, the pilot signal is set in some subcarriers of the available subcarriers in the carrier resource;
接收发送来的多载波信号，根据所述导频信号设置情况，从所述多载波信号中获取所述导频信号；receiving the sent multi-carrier signal, and obtaining the pilot signal from the multi-carrier signal according to the setting of the pilot signal;
根据所述导频信号计算获得设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值；Obtaining channel estimation values of the subcarriers where the pilot signals are set by calculating according to the pilot signals;
利用所述设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值估算其它子载波的信道估计值。Estimating channel estimation values of other subcarriers by using the channel estimation values of the subcarriers for which the pilot signal is set.
根据本发明的又一实施例，提供一种导频信号发送装置，包括：According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a pilot signal sending device is provided, including:
传输样式获取模块，用于获取非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式；A transmission pattern acquisition module, configured to acquire a carrier transmission pattern of carrier resources in a discontinuous multi-carrier system;
导频设置模块，用于从所述传输样式获取模块获取所述载波传输样式，根据所述载波传输样式，在所述载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号；A pilot setting module, configured to acquire the carrier transmission pattern from the transmission pattern acquisition module, and select some subcarriers among the available subcarriers of the carrier resource to set pilot signals according to the carrier transmission pattern;
导频发送模块，用于获取导频设置模块的设置结果，将设置导频信号的子载波通过多载波信号的形式发送出去，所述导频信号用于提供给接收端以对非连续多载波系统进行信道估计。The pilot sending module is used to obtain the setting result of the pilot setting module, and send the subcarriers of the pilot signal in the form of a multi-carrier signal, and the pilot signal is used to provide the receiving end for non-continuous multi-carrier The system performs channel estimation.
根据本发明的又一实施例，提供一种基于导频信号的信道估计装置，包括：According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a channel estimation device based on pilot signals is provided, including:
规则样式获取模块，用于获取导频设置规则和非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式；A rule style acquiring module, configured to acquire the pilot setting rules and the carrier transmission style of the carrier resources in the discontinuous multi-carrier system;
设置情况判断模块，用于根据所述导频设置规则和所述载波传输样式得到导频信号设置情况，所述导频信号设置在载波资源中可用子载波的部分子载波内；A setting situation judging module, configured to obtain a pilot signal setting situation according to the pilot setting rule and the carrier transmission pattern, and the pilot signal is set in some subcarriers of the available subcarriers in the carrier resource;
导频信号获取模块，用于接收发送来的多载波信号，根据所述导频信号设置情况，从所述多载波信号中获取所述导频信号；A pilot signal acquisition module, configured to receive the sent multi-carrier signal, and acquire the pilot signal from the multi-carrier signal according to the configuration of the pilot signal;
第一信道估计模块，用于根据所述导频信号计算获得设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值；The first channel estimation module is used to calculate and obtain the channel estimation value of the subcarrier for setting the pilot signal according to the pilot signal;
第二信道估计模块，用于利用所述设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值估算其它子载波的信道估计值。The second channel estimation module is used for estimating channel estimation values of other subcarriers by using the channel estimation values of the subcarriers for which the pilot signal is set.
根据对上述技术方案的描述，本发明实施例有如下优点：通过获取非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式，在载波资源中选择可用的子载波发送并接收导频信号，并利用所述导频信号对非连续多载波系统进行信道估计，提高了非连续多载波系统信道估计的准确性。According to the description of the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages: by obtaining the carrier transmission pattern of the carrier resource in the discontinuous multi-carrier system, select an available subcarrier in the carrier resource to send and receive the pilot signal, and use the The pilot signal is used to perform channel estimation on the discontinuous multi-carrier system, which improves the accuracy of the channel estimation of the discontinuous multi-carrier system.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
图1是本发明实施例一提供的一种非连续多载波系统中载波频段使用情况的示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of usage of carrier frequency bands in a discontinuous multi-carrier system according to
图2为本发明的实施例一提供的一种非连续多载波系统中导频信号发送方法的示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pilot signal sending method in a discontinuous multi-carrier system provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例二提供的一种在载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号的示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of selecting some subcarriers among the available subcarriers of carrier resources to set pilot signals according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例二的一种利用梳状导频设计规则在载波资源中子载波内设置导频信号的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of setting a pilot signal in a subcarrier in a carrier resource by using a comb pilot design rule according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例二的一种导频信号设置方式的示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pilot signal setting method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例二的又一种导频信号设置方式的示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of yet another pilot signal setting method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例二的一种已设有导频信号的子载波无需重新设置导频信号的示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a subcarrier with a pilot signal provided without resetting the pilot signal according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图8是本发明实施例二的又一种导频信号设置方式的示意图；FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of yet another pilot signal setting method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例三提供的另一种在载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号的示意图；FIG. 9 is another schematic diagram of selecting some subcarriers among the available subcarriers of carrier resources to set pilot signals according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图10为本发明的实施例四提供的一种基于导频信号的信道估计方法的示意图；FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a pilot signal-based channel estimation method provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
图11为本发明的实施例五提供的一种导频信号发送装置的结构示意图；FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a pilot signal sending device provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;
图12为本发明的实施例六提供的一种基于导频信号的信道估计装置的结构示意图。FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for channel estimation based on pilot signals provided by Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
需要注意的是，以下实施例只是本发明的优选实施例，这些实施例只用于描述本发明而不用于限定本发明。It should be noted that the following examples are only preferred examples of the present invention, and these examples are only used to describe the present invention and not limit the present invention.
实施例一Embodiment one
在非连续多载波系统的载波频段中，部分频段可能被其它系统的用户所占用，因此非连续多载波系统用户可利用的频段可能是不连续的。图1是本发明实施例一提供的一种非连续多载波系统中载波频段使用情况的示意图。其中，频段K1、K2和K3未被占用，是非连续多载波系统用户可以使用的频段；频段K4和K5中全部或部分频段已被其它系统占用，不能被非连续多载波系统用户所使用。In the carrier frequency band of the discontinuous multi-carrier system, part of the frequency band may be occupied by users of other systems, so the frequency bands available to users of the discontinuous multi-carrier system may be discontinuous. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of usage of carrier frequency bands in a discontinuous multi-carrier system according to
图2为本发明的实施例一提供的一种非连续多载波系统中导频信号发送方法的示意图，该方法包括如下步骤：FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting pilot signals in a discontinuous multi-carrier system according to
S11：获取非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式。S11: Obtain a carrier transmission pattern of carrier resources in a discontinuous multi-carrier system.
S12：根据所述载波传输样式，在所述载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号。S12: According to the carrier transmission pattern, select some subcarriers in the available subcarriers of the carrier resource to set pilot signals.
S13：将设置导频信号的子载波通过多载波信号的形式发送出去，所述导频信号用于提供给接收端以对非连续多载波系统进行信道估计。S13: Send the sub-carriers on which the pilot signals are set in the form of multi-carrier signals, and the pilot signals are used to provide the receiving end for channel estimation of the discontinuous multi-carrier system.
本实施例通过获取非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式，在载波资源中选择可用的子载波传递导频信号，以方便接收端利用所述导频信号对非连续多载波系统进行信道估计。In this embodiment, by acquiring the carrier transmission pattern of the carrier resource in the discontinuous multi-carrier system, an available subcarrier is selected in the carrier resource to transmit the pilot signal, so that the receiving end can use the pilot signal to channel the discontinuous multi-carrier system. estimate.
在步骤S11中，所述载波资源的载波传输样式表明整个载波资源中能够使用子载波的情况。非连续多载波系统中的发送端可通过自身检测、或与周围节点联合检测，或从连接数据库中获取所述系统中载波资源的频谱占用情况，并根据所述频谱占用情况和系统子载波带宽确定载波传输样式，使得非连续多载波系统和同频段内的其他系统共存，不存在互相干扰；所述节点也可从其它节点处获得载波传输样式等信息。所述非连续多载波系统可以是蜂窝通信网络或网状(mesh)通信网络。在蜂窝通信网络中，获取载波传输样式的节点可以是基站或是终端。在实际应用中，节点的频谱占用情况的信息可以保存在一数据库中，以便于节点从中读取相关信息以确定载波传输样式；当节点并未设有这样的数据库或数据库未含有相应信息时，节点也可进行自身检测、或者与其周围的节点进行联合检测以获得频谱占用情况的信息。In step S11, the carrier transmission pattern of the carrier resource indicates that subcarriers can be used in the entire carrier resource. The transmitting end in the discontinuous multi-carrier system can obtain the spectrum occupancy of carrier resources in the system through self-detection, or joint detection with surrounding nodes, or from the connection database, and based on the spectrum occupancy and system sub-carrier bandwidth The carrier transmission pattern is determined so that the discontinuous multi-carrier system and other systems in the same frequency band coexist without mutual interference; the node can also obtain carrier transmission pattern and other information from other nodes. The discontinuous multi-carrier system may be a cellular communication network or a mesh communication network. In a cellular communication network, a node that acquires a carrier transmission pattern may be a base station or a terminal. In practical applications, the information of the spectrum occupancy of the node can be stored in a database, so that the node can read relevant information from it to determine the carrier transmission mode; when the node does not have such a database or the database does not contain corresponding information, A node can also perform self-detection or joint detection with surrounding nodes to obtain spectrum occupancy information.
在步骤S13中，多载波系统的发送端可以将设置导频信号的子载波通过多载波信号的形式发送出去，所述多载波信号可以包括多个可用子载波，其中部分子载波内设有导频信号，其它未设有导频信号的子载波内可设有数据信号，以便发送端在发送数据的同时发送所述导频信号。多载波系统的接收端可以接收所述多载波信号并从中获得导频信号，以方便利用所述导频信号进行信道估计。以OFDM系统为例，OFDM系统发送端在导频信号设置完成后，可将设有导频信号的子载波通过OFDM符号的形式发送出去。一个OFDM符号内可以包括多个子载波，其中一些是所述设有导频信号的子载波，而其它未设有导频信号的子载波可设有数据信号。OFDM系统接收端能接收发送端发出的OFDM符号，并从中获取数据信号或导频信号，并方便利用其中导频信号进行信道估计。In step S13, the transmitting end of the multi-carrier system can send out the sub-carriers in which the pilot signal is set in the form of a multi-carrier signal. frequency signals, other sub-carriers without pilot signals can be provided with data signals, so that the sending end can send the pilot signals while sending data. The receiving end of the multi-carrier system can receive the multi-carrier signal and obtain a pilot signal therefrom, so as to facilitate channel estimation by using the pilot signal. Taking the OFDM system as an example, after the setting of the pilot signal is completed, the sending end of the OFDM system can send the subcarriers with the pilot signal in the form of OFDM symbols. One OFDM symbol may include multiple subcarriers, some of which are the subcarriers provided with pilot signals, and other subcarriers not provided with pilot signals may be provided with data signals. The receiving end of the OFDM system can receive the OFDM symbols sent by the transmitting end, and obtain data signals or pilot signals from them, and conveniently use the pilot signals for channel estimation.
实施例二Embodiment two
图3为本发明实施例二提供的一种在载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号的示意图，所述方法可具体包括：Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of selecting some subcarriers among the available subcarriers of carrier resources to set pilot signals according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The method may specifically include:
S21：采用梳状导频设计规则，在所述载波资源的子载波内设置导频信号。S21: Using comb pilot design rules, set pilot signals in the subcarriers of the carrier resource.
S22：判断设置导频信号的子载波是否可用；S22: judging whether the subcarrier for setting the pilot signal is available;
S23：当所述设置导频信号的子载波不可用时，在此不可用子载波邻近的可用子载波中选择一子载波作为设置导频信号的候选子载波；S23: When the subcarrier for setting the pilot signal is unavailable, select a subcarrier from the available subcarriers adjacent to the unavailable subcarrier as a candidate subcarrier for setting the pilot signal;
S24：在所述候选子载波内设置导频信号。S24: Set a pilot signal in the candidate subcarrier.
图4是本发明实施例二的一种利用梳状导频设计规则在载波资源中子载波内设置导频信号的示意图。图4中横轴表示频率，纵轴表示时间，每个子载波对应一个频段。也就是说，纵向的一串圆点表示一个子载波，因此一定频率范围的载波资源内可包括多个子载波。在一串纵向圆点中，每个圆点表示此子载波的不同时刻。黑色圆点表示对应子载波在此时刻设置了导频信号；白色圆点表示对应子载波在此时刻未设置导频信号，未设置导频信号的子载波被用来传送数据信号。这里以N_f作为梳状导频设计规则下的导频间隔，即每相距N_f个子载波设置导频信号，所述N_f满足以下条件：N_f＜N/(Ncp)，N为载波资源内子载波的总个数，Ncp为循环前缀的长度。子载波可专门用来传递导频信号，也可不必在所有时刻都传递导频信号。例如，图4中虚线内子载波D1、D2和D3上可每隔一定时间T设置导频信号，其它时刻这些子载波可被用于传递数据。所述时间间隔T满足以下条件：T＜1/[2(1+Ncp/N)/Vmax]，这里的Vmax表示终端的最大移动速度。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of setting pilot signals in subcarriers in carrier resources by using comb pilot design rules according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents frequency, the vertical axis represents time, and each subcarrier corresponds to a frequency band. That is to say, a series of dots in the vertical direction represents one subcarrier, so the carrier resource of a certain frequency range may include multiple subcarriers. In a series of vertical dots, each dot represents a different instant of time for this subcarrier. A black dot indicates that a pilot signal is set for the corresponding subcarrier at this moment; a white dot indicates that a pilot signal is not set for the corresponding subcarrier at this moment, and the subcarrier without a pilot signal is used to transmit a data signal. Here, N_f is used as the pilot interval under the comb pilot design rule, that is, the pilot signal is set for every N_f subcarriers, and the N_f satisfies the following condition: N_f<N/(Ncp), N is the total number of subcarriers in the carrier resource. Ncp is the length of the cyclic prefix. Sub-carriers may be dedicated to transmitting pilot signals, or may not be required to transmit pilot signals at all times. For example, pilot signals can be set on the subcarriers D1, D2 and D3 in the dotted line in FIG. 4 at intervals T, and these subcarriers can be used to transmit data at other times. The time interval T satisfies the following condition: T<1/[2(1+Ncp/N)/Vmax], where Vmax represents the maximum moving speed of the terminal.
实际应用中，由于载波资源内的部分频段不可用，基于上述梳状导频设计规则设置的导频信号可能位于不可用的频段资源内，由于此不可用的频段内子载波无法使用，相应导频信号将不能被发送。此时可以在所述不可用子载波邻近的、可用的子载波中选择一子载波作为设置导频信号的候选子载波。具体实现可以为：在此不可用子载波邻近的、可用的子载波中，选择与所述不可用子载波位置最接近的、可用的子载波作为设置导频信号的候选子载波。可以理解，与所述不可用子载波位置次接近的或其它位置上的、可用的子载波也可作为候选子载波，但利用与所述不可用子载波位置最接近的、可用的子载波作为候选子载波是最优的选择，基于这种导频设置方式的信道估计值更加准确。In practical applications, due to the unavailability of some frequency bands in the carrier resources, the pilot signal set based on the above comb pilot design rules may be located in the unavailable frequency band resources. Since the subcarriers in this unavailable frequency band cannot be used, the corresponding pilot Signals will not be sent. At this time, a subcarrier may be selected from available subcarriers adjacent to the unavailable subcarrier as a candidate subcarrier for setting the pilot signal. A specific implementation may be as follows: among the available subcarriers adjacent to the unavailable subcarrier, select the available subcarrier closest to the unavailable subcarrier as the candidate subcarrier for setting the pilot signal. It can be understood that an available subcarrier next to the position of the unavailable subcarrier or an available subcarrier at another position can also be used as a candidate subcarrier, but the available subcarrier closest to the position of the unavailable subcarrier is used as the candidate subcarrier. The candidate subcarrier is the optimal choice, and the channel estimation value based on this pilot setting method is more accurate.
图5是本发明实施例二的一种导频信号设置方式的示意图。在图5中，频段K6被其它系统用户占用，设置导频信号的子载波A1又恰好位于频段K6内，可以在与子载波A1邻近的、可用的子载波内选择一子载波来设置导频信号。此处将与子载波A1位置最接近的、可用的子载波A2作为设置导频信号的子载波，解决已设置导频信号的子载波A1落入不可用频段内导致的导频信号无法传递问题。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pilot signal setting manner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In Figure 5, the frequency band K6 is occupied by other system users, and the subcarrier A1 for setting the pilot signal is just located in the frequency band K6, and a subcarrier can be selected from the available subcarriers adjacent to the subcarrier A1 to set the pilot Signal. Here, the available subcarrier A2 closest to the subcarrier A1 is used as the subcarrier for setting the pilot signal, so as to solve the problem that the pilot signal cannot be transmitted due to the subcarrier A1 with the pilot signal set falling into the unusable frequency band .
在不可用子载波邻近的、可用的子载波中，选择与所述不可用子载波位置最接近的、可用的子载波作为设置导频信号的候选子载波可以包括：分别找到不可用子载波左、右两边最近的可用子载波，比较所述左、右两边最近的可用子载波与所述不可用子载波的距离，得到与所述不可用子载波最接近的可用子载波，以此最接近的可用子载波作为设置导频信号的候选子载波；如果所述不可用子载波左、右两边最近的可用子载波与所述不可用子载波距离相等，将左/右边最接近的可用子载波作为候选子载波。Among the available subcarriers adjacent to the unavailable subcarriers, selecting the available subcarriers closest to the unavailable subcarriers as the candidate subcarriers for setting the pilot signal may include: finding the unavailable subcarriers respectively , the nearest available subcarriers on the right sides, compare the distance between the nearest available subcarriers on the left and right sides and the unavailable subcarriers, and obtain the available subcarriers closest to the unavailable subcarriers, so that the closest The available subcarriers of the unavailable subcarriers are used as candidate subcarriers for setting pilot signals; if the distance between the nearest available subcarriers on the left and right sides of the unavailable subcarriers is equal to the unavailable subcarriers, the nearest available subcarriers on the left/right as candidate subcarriers.
图6是本发明实施例二的又一种导频信号设置方式的示意图。图6中频段K7被其它系统用户占用，设置导频信号的子载波A3又恰好位于频段K7内，A3左右两侧都存在最接近的、可用的子载波。也就是说，子载波A4和A5都可用且距离A3距离相等，可规定在左侧最近子载波A4或右侧最近子载波A5中设置导频信号，以保证导频信号设置方式的唯一性。图6中在子载波A4设置导频信号，但图6的画法并不用于限定本发明。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of yet another pilot signal setting method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The frequency band K7 in Fig. 6 is occupied by other system users, and the subcarrier A3 for setting the pilot signal is just located in the frequency band K7, and there are the closest available subcarriers on the left and right sides of A3. That is to say, both subcarriers A4 and A5 are available and have the same distance from A3, and the pilot signal can be set in the nearest subcarrier A4 on the left or the nearest subcarrier A5 on the right to ensure the uniqueness of the pilot signal setting method. In FIG. 6, a pilot signal is set on subcarrier A4, but the drawing in FIG. 6 is not intended to limit the present invention.
可以理解，设置导频信号的子载波为不可用时，如果此不可用子载波最接近的、可用的子载波已经设置导频信号，则无需为已经设置导频信号的子载波重新设置一次导频信号。图7是本发明实施例二的一种已设有导频信号的子载波无需重新设置导频信号的示意图。该图7中频段K8被其它用户占用，设置导频信号的子载波A6又恰好位于频段K8内，而与子载波A6最近的、可用的子载波A7内已经设置导频信号，无需为子载波A7重新设置导频信号。It can be understood that when setting the subcarrier of the pilot signal as unavailable, if the closest available subcarrier of the unavailable subcarrier has already set the pilot signal, then there is no need to reset the pilot signal for the subcarrier for which the pilot signal has already been set. Signal. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a subcarrier with a pilot signal that does not need to be reset with a pilot signal according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The frequency band K8 in Figure 7 is occupied by other users, and the subcarrier A6 for setting the pilot signal is just located in the frequency band K8, and the pilot signal has already been set in the available subcarrier A7 closest to the subcarrier A6, so there is no need for subcarrier A6 A7 resets the pilot signal.
所述在所述候选子载波内设置导频信号可以包括：判断所述候选子载波与所述不可用子载波距离是否大于N_f的一半，所述N_f为所述梳状导频设计规则下的导频间隔；当所述候选子载波与所述不可用子载波距离小于或等于N_f的一半时，在所述候选子载波内设置导频信号。也就是说，候选子载波周边存在设置导频信号子载波时，可以利用周边的设置导频信号子载波信道估计值代替候选子载波信道估计值，而不必在候选子载波内设置导频信号。The setting of the pilot signal in the candidate subcarrier may include: judging whether the distance between the candidate subcarrier and the unavailable subcarrier is greater than half of N_f, and the N_f is the comb pilot design rule. Pilot interval: when the distance between the candidate subcarrier and the unavailable subcarrier is less than or equal to half of N_f, set a pilot signal in the candidate subcarrier. That is to say, when there are set pilot signal subcarriers around the candidate subcarriers, the channel estimated values of the surrounding set pilot signal subcarriers can be used instead of the candidate subcarrier channel estimates without setting pilot signals in the candidate subcarriers.
图8是本发明实施例二的又一种导频信号设置方式的示意图。在该图8中，频段K9已被其它用户占用，设置导频信号的子载波A8又恰好位于频段K9内，找到与子载波A8最接近的、可用的子载波A9的相邻子载波。A10，如果通过判断发现子载波A10已设置导频信号，可以不在子载波A9内设置导频信号，因为此时可以利用子载波A10的信道估计值代替子载波A9的信道估计值来进行信道估计，以达到节省资源的目的。实际应用中，可以采用如下方法：当子载波A10与A9的距离小于梳状导频设计规则的间距N_f的一半，就可以利用子载波A10的信道估计值代替子载波A9的信道估计值，也就不必在子载波A9内设置导频信号。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of yet another pilot signal setting method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 8 , the frequency band K9 has been occupied by other users, and the subcarrier A8 for setting the pilot signal happens to be located in the frequency band K9, and the adjacent subcarrier of the available subcarrier A9 closest to the subcarrier A8 is found. A10, if it is found through judgment that subcarrier A10 has set a pilot signal, it is not necessary to set a pilot signal in subcarrier A9, because at this time, the channel estimation value of subcarrier A10 can be used instead of the channel estimation value of subcarrier A9 for channel estimation , in order to achieve the purpose of saving resources. In practical applications, the following method can be adopted: when the distance between subcarriers A10 and A9 is less than half of the interval N_f of the comb pilot design rule, the channel estimation value of subcarrier A10 can be used to replace the channel estimation value of subcarrier A9, or It is not necessary to set a pilot signal in the subcarrier A9.
本实施例通过采用梳状导频设计规则，在所述载波资源的子载波内设置导频信号，当设置导频信号的子载波不可用时，在其邻近的、可用的子载波内选择一子载波传递所述导频信号，可以解决当已设置导频信号的子载波不可用时，导频信号无法传递的问题。In this embodiment, a pilot signal is set in the subcarrier of the carrier resource by adopting the comb pilot design rule, and when the subcarrier for which the pilot signal is set is unavailable, a subcarrier is selected in its adjacent and available subcarrier The carrier transmits the pilot signal, which can solve the problem that the pilot signal cannot be transmitted when the subcarrier for which the pilot signal is set is unavailable.
实施例三Embodiment three
图9为本发明实施例三提供的另一种在载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号的示意图，所述方法可具体包括：FIG. 9 is another schematic diagram of selecting some subcarriers among available subcarriers of carrier resources to set pilot signals according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The method may specifically include:
S31：将所述载波资源中连续的、可用的多个子载波划分为一个子频段。S31: Divide multiple continuous and available subcarriers in the carrier resource into one subfrequency band.
S32：采用梳状导频设计规则，在所述子频段的子载波内设置导频信号。S32: Using comb pilot design rules, setting pilot signals in the sub-carriers of the sub-frequency band.
在本实施例中，所述载波资源中部分频段可能是不可用的，可将可用的且连续的子载波划分为一个子频段，采用梳状导频设计规则在所述子频段中子载波内设置导频信号。设置导频信号的规则可以是n_k＞(N_k)/(N_f)，n_k为所述子载波频段内导频信号个数，N_k为所述子载波频段内的子载波总个数，N_f如实施例二所述可满足N_f＜N/(Ncp)，其中N为载波资源内子载波的总个数，Ncp为循环前缀的长度。在设置导频信号时，要保证导频信号的设置方式是唯一的，此外还可以尽量使导频信号在子载波频段中均匀分布，从而达到较好的信道估计结果。In this embodiment, part of the frequency bands in the carrier resources may not be available, and the available and continuous subcarriers can be divided into a sub-frequency band, and the comb pilot design rule is used to select the sub-carriers in the sub-bands. Set the pilot signal. The rule for setting the pilot signal can be n_k>(N_k)/(N_f), n_k is the number of pilot signals in the subcarrier frequency band, N_k is the total number of subcarriers in the subcarrier frequency band, and N_f is implemented as The second example can satisfy N_f<N/(Ncp), where N is the total number of subcarriers in the carrier resource, and Ncp is the length of the cyclic prefix. When setting the pilot signal, it is necessary to ensure that the setting method of the pilot signal is unique. In addition, the pilot signal can be evenly distributed in the sub-carrier frequency band as much as possible, so as to achieve a better channel estimation result.
实施例四Embodiment four
图10为本发明的实施例四提供的一种基于导频信号的信道估计方法的示意图，该方法可包括如下步骤：FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a pilot signal-based channel estimation method provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and the method may include the following steps:
S41：获取导频设置规则和非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式。S41: Obtain a pilot setting rule and a carrier transmission pattern of carrier resources in a discontinuous multi-carrier system.
S42：根据所述导频设置规则和所述载波传输样式得到导频信号设置情况，所述导频信号设置在载波资源中可用子载波的部分子载波内。S42: Obtain a pilot signal setting situation according to the pilot setting rule and the carrier transmission pattern, where the pilot signal is set in some subcarriers of the available subcarriers in the carrier resource.
S43：接收发送来的多载波信号，根据所述导频信号设置情况，从所述多载波信号中获取所述导频信号；S43: Receive the sent multi-carrier signal, and acquire the pilot signal from the multi-carrier signal according to the setting of the pilot signal;
S44：根据所述导频信号计算获得设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值；S44: Calculate and obtain the channel estimation value of the subcarrier of the set pilot signal according to the pilot signal;
S45：利用所述设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值估算其它子载波的信道估计值。S45: Estimate channel estimation values of other subcarriers by using the channel estimation values of the subcarriers for which the pilot signal is set.
本实施例四通过获取非连续多载波系统中子载波传递导频信号的情况，从传递导频信号的子载波中获取所述导频信号，可方便利用导频信号进行信道估计，得到各子载波的信道估计结果。In the fourth embodiment, by obtaining the pilot signal transmitted by the subcarriers in the discontinuous multi-carrier system, the pilot signal is obtained from the subcarriers transmitting the pilot signal, and the pilot signal can be used for channel estimation conveniently, and each subcarrier can be obtained The channel estimation result of the carrier.
由于在整个多载波系统载波资源中，有些子载波不可用，所述导频信号是通过载波资源中可用的子载波传递的。多载波系统发送端可以将设有导频信号的子载波和设有数据信号的子载波一起通过多载波信号发送出去，接收端可获取发送端的导频信号设置情况，以便通过导频信号设置情况获知发送端发送的哪些子载波中设有导频信号，并从接收到的多载波信号中获取导频信号。接收端可通过发送端的显式广播消息或同步参考信号隐式携带消息获得发送端的载波传输样式，并根据导频信号设置规则和载波传输样式获得导频信号在子载波内的设置情况。所述导频信号设置规则在前面实施例中已经介绍，此处不再详述。仍然以OFDM系统为例，OFDM系统接收端可以接收发送端发送的OFDM符号，并根据导频信号设置情况从OFDM符号中找到哪些子载波设有导频信号从而获取所述导频信号。Since some subcarriers are unavailable in the carrier resources of the entire multi-carrier system, the pilot signal is transmitted through available subcarriers in the carrier resources. The sending end of the multi-carrier system can send the subcarriers with pilot signals and the subcarriers with data signals together through multi-carrier signals, and the receiving end can obtain the pilot signal settings of the sending end, so as to pass the pilot signal settings. It is known which subcarriers sent by the sending end are provided with pilot signals, and the pilot signals are obtained from the received multi-carrier signals. The receiving end can obtain the carrier transmission pattern of the sending end through the explicit broadcast message of the sending end or the implicitly carried message of the synchronization reference signal, and obtain the setting of the pilot signal in the subcarrier according to the pilot signal setting rule and the carrier transmission pattern. The pilot signal setting rules have been introduced in the previous embodiments, and will not be described in detail here. Still taking the OFDM system as an example, the receiving end of the OFDM system can receive the OFDM symbols sent by the transmitting end, and find which subcarriers are provided with pilot signals from the OFDM symbols according to the setting of the pilot signals to obtain the pilot signals.
在步骤S43中，可采用最小二乘法，根据所述导频信号计算设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值In step S43, the least square method can be used to calculate the channel estimation value of the subcarrier of the pilot signal according to the pilot signal
在步骤S45中，可首先找到未设置导频信号的传统导频信号子载波，所述传统导频信号子载波是基于连续多载波系统导频设计规则来设置导频信号的子载波；根据设置导频信号的子载波信道估计值，采用插值法计算未设置导频信号的传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值；根据传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值，采用插值法计算其它未设置导频信号的子载波信道估计值，进而实现对整个信道的估计。In step S45, can first find the traditional pilot signal sub-carrier that does not set the pilot signal, the traditional pilot signal sub-carrier is based on the continuous multi-carrier system pilot design rule to set the sub-carrier of the pilot signal; according to the setting For the subcarrier channel estimation value of the pilot signal, the channel estimation value of the traditional pilot signal subcarrier without pilot signal is calculated by interpolation method; according to the channel estimation value of the traditional pilot signal subcarrier, the other unset channel estimation value is calculated by interpolation method The sub-carrier channel estimation value of the pilot signal, and then realize the estimation of the whole channel.
由于进行信道估计的设备通常是基于传统连续多载波系统导频设计规则实现的，传统信道估计设备要利用传统导频信号子载波对其它子载波进行信道估计。而在本发明实施例中，某些传统导频信号子载波由于不可用而不能设置导频信号，此时可通过设置导频信号的子载波信道估计值率先估算出传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值，然后可方便利用传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值对其它子载波进行信道估计，这样对传统信道估计设备改动较小，可节省硬件资源。Because the equipment for channel estimation is usually implemented based on the pilot design rules of the traditional continuous multi-carrier system, the traditional channel estimation equipment needs to use the traditional pilot signal subcarriers to perform channel estimation on other subcarriers. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, some traditional pilot signal subcarriers cannot be set as pilot signals due to unavailability. At this time, the channel estimation value of the subcarriers of the pilot signals can be set to estimate the traditional pilot signal subcarriers first. channel estimation value, and then the channel estimation value of the traditional pilot signal subcarrier can be conveniently used to perform channel estimation on other subcarriers, so that the modification of the traditional channel estimation equipment is small, and hardware resources can be saved.
本领域技术人员可以理解，所述插值法可包括：线性插值，二阶插值，低通插值，条样插值等方法。Those skilled in the art can understand that the interpolation method may include methods such as linear interpolation, second-order interpolation, low-pass interpolation, and spline interpolation.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法实施例中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关硬件完成的，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through computer programs, and the programs can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. , may include the flow of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Wherein, the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), etc.
实施例五Embodiment five
图11为本发明的实施例五提供的一种导频信号发送装置的结构示意图，所述发送装置可包括：Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a pilot signal sending device provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention, and the sending device may include:
传输样式获取模块51，用于获取非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式；A transmission
导频设置模块52，用于从所述传输样式获取模块51获取所述载波传输样式，根据所述载波传输样式，在所述载波资源的可用子载波中选择部分子载波设置导频信号；A
导频发送模块53，用于获取导频设置模块的设置结果，将设置导频信号的子载波通过多载波信号的形式发送出去，所述导频信号用于提供给接收端以对非连续多载波系统进行信道估计。The
本实施例的发送装置可在非连续多载波系统的载波资源中选择可用的子载波设置并发送导频信号，为后续根据导频信号进行信道估计提供了方便。The sending device in this embodiment can select available subcarrier settings in the carrier resources of the discontinuous multi-carrier system and send pilot signals, which provides convenience for subsequent channel estimation based on the pilot signals.
在一种实现方式中，所述导频设置模块52可包括：In an implementation manner, the
导频预设置单元，用于采用梳状导频设计规则，在所述载波资源的子载波内设置导频信号，得到设置结果；a pilot pre-setting unit, configured to use comb pilot design rules to set pilot signals in the subcarriers of the carrier resource to obtain a setting result;
判断单元，用于从所述传输样式获取模块51获取所述载波传输样式，根据所述导频预设置单元的设置结果，判断设置导频信号的子载波是否可用，得到判断结果；A judging unit, configured to acquire the carrier transmission pattern from the transmission
选择单元，用于获取所述判断单元的判断结果，当所述设置导频信号的子载波不可用时，在此不可用子载波邻近的可用子载波中选择一子载波作为设置导频信号的候选子载波；A selection unit, configured to obtain the judgment result of the judging unit, when the subcarrier for setting the pilot signal is unavailable, select a subcarrier from the available subcarriers adjacent to the unusable subcarrier as a candidate for setting the pilot signal subcarrier;
第一导频设置单元，用于在所述候选子载波内设置导频信号。A first pilot setting unit, configured to set pilot signals in the candidate subcarriers.
在不可用子载波邻近的、可用的子载波中选择一子载波作为设置导频信号的候选子载波的具体过程可参见前面方法实施例二中的描述，此处将不再赘述。The specific process of selecting a subcarrier from the available subcarriers adjacent to the unusable subcarrier as a candidate subcarrier for setting the pilot signal can refer to the description in the second method embodiment above, and will not be repeated here.
进一步地，所述第一导频设置单元包括：判断子单元，用于判断所述候选子载波与所述不可用子载波距离是否大于N_f的一半，所述N_f为所述梳状导频设计规则下的导频间隔；设置子单元，用于获取判断子单元的判断结果，当所述候选子载波与所述不可用子载波距离小于或等于N_f的一半时，在所述候选子载波内设置导频信号。该第一导频设置单元可以利用候选子载波周边其它设有导频信号的子载波的信道估计值代替候选子载波信道估计值，而不必在候选子载波内设置导频信号，节省了资源。Further, the first pilot setting unit includes: a judging subunit, configured to judge whether the distance between the candidate subcarrier and the unavailable subcarrier is greater than half of N_f, where N_f is the comb pilot design The pilot interval under the rule; set the sub-unit to obtain the judgment result of the judgment sub-unit, when the distance between the candidate sub-carrier and the unavailable sub-carrier is less than or equal to half of N_f, within the candidate sub-carrier Set the pilot signal. The first pilot setting unit can use channel estimation values of other subcarriers provided with pilot signals around the candidate subcarriers to replace the channel estimation values of the candidate subcarriers, without setting pilot signals in the candidate subcarriers, saving resources.
在另一种实现方式中，所述导频设置模块52可包括：In another implementation, the
频段划分单元，用于从所述传输样式获取模块51获取所述载波传输样式，将所述载波资源中连续的、可用的多个子载波划分为一个子频段；A frequency band dividing unit, configured to acquire the carrier transmission pattern from the transmission
第二导频设置单元，用于获取所述频段划分单元的划分结果，并采用梳状导频设计规则，在所述子频段的子载波内设置导频信号。The second pilot setting unit is configured to obtain the division result of the frequency band division unit, and set pilot signals in the subcarriers of the sub-frequency bands by adopting comb pilot design rules.
在实际应用中，导频发送模块53可同时发送导频信号和数据。以OFDM系统为例，设有导频信号和数据信号的子载波可作为一个OFDM符号发送出去，接收端能从OFDM符号中获得导频信号以进行信道估计，并可以进一步利用信道估计值解析出发送端发送的数据信息。发送装置还可将导频设置规则和非连续OFDM系统中载波资源的载波传输样式信息发送给接收端，以便接收端以此获得导频信号在载波资源中的设置情况。In practical applications, the
实施例六Embodiment six
图12为本发明的实施例六提供的一种基于导频信号的信道估计装置的结构示意图，所述装置可包括：Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for channel estimation based on pilot signals provided by Embodiment 6 of the present invention, and the apparatus may include:
规则样式获取模块61，用于获取导频设置规则和非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式；A rule pattern acquisition module 61, configured to acquire a pilot setting rule and a carrier transmission pattern of carrier resources in a discontinuous multi-carrier system;
设置情况判断模块62，用于根据所述导频设置规则和所述载波传输样式得到导频信号设置情况，所述导频信号设置在载波资源中可用子载波的部分子载波内；The setting situation judging module 62 is used to obtain the setting situation of the pilot signal according to the pilot setting rule and the carrier transmission pattern, and the pilot signal is set in some subcarriers of the available subcarriers in the carrier resource;
导频信号获取模块63，用于接收发送来的多载波信号，根据所述导频信号设置情况，从所述多载波信号中获取所述导频信号；The pilot signal acquisition module 63 is configured to receive the sent multi-carrier signal, and acquire the pilot signal from the multi-carrier signal according to the configuration of the pilot signal;
第一信道估计模块64，用于根据所述导频信号计算获得设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值；The first channel estimation module 64 is used to calculate and obtain the channel estimation value of the subcarrier for setting the pilot signal according to the pilot signal;
第二信道估计模块65，用于利用所述设置导频信号的子载波的信道估计值估算其它子载波的信道估计值。The second channel estimation module 65 is configured to estimate channel estimation values of other subcarriers by using the channel estimation values of the subcarriers for which the pilot signal is set.
进一步地，所述第二信道估计模块65可包括：Further, the second channel estimation module 65 may include:
传统导频判断单元，用于找到未设置导频信号的传统导频信号子载波，所述传统导频信号子载波是基于连续多载波系统导频设计规则来设置导频信号的子载波；The traditional pilot judgment unit is used to find the traditional pilot signal subcarriers for which the pilot signal is not set, and the traditional pilot signal subcarriers are subcarriers for setting the pilot signals based on the continuous multi-carrier system pilot design rules;
传统导频估计单元，用于根据所述设置导频信号的子载波信道估计值，采用插值法计算未设置导频信号的传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值；The traditional pilot estimation unit is used to calculate the channel estimation value of the subcarrier of the traditional pilot signal without the pilot signal by interpolation according to the subcarrier channel estimation value of the set pilot signal;
非导频估计单元，用于根据传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值，采用插值法计算其它未设置导频信号的子载波信道估计值。The non-pilot estimating unit is used to calculate the channel estimation values of subcarriers of other unset pilot signals by interpolation method according to the channel estimation values of traditional pilot signal subcarriers.
本实施例的信道估计装置通过获取非连续多载波系统中可用的子载波内设有的导频信号，利用导频信号估计其所在子载波的信道估计值，进而通过插值法计算其它子载波上的信道估计值，可实现对非连续多载波系统的信道估计。该实施例装置中传统导频估计单元可计算设置导频信号的子载波信道估计值，利用设置导频信号的子载波信道估计值求出传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值，非导频估计单元利用传统导频信号子载波的信道估计值，采用传统的连续多载波系统插值计算方法估算其它子载波的信道估计值，这样的方法对现有硬件设施改动较小，可节省了资源。可以理解，所述信道估计装置可以做成一个独立的装置，也可位于导频信号接收端内。The channel estimation device in this embodiment obtains the pilot signal provided in the subcarrier available in the discontinuous multi-carrier system, uses the pilot signal to estimate the channel estimation value of the subcarrier where it is located, and then calculates the channel estimation value on other subcarriers by interpolation method. The channel estimation value of can realize the channel estimation of discontinuous multi-carrier system. In the device of this embodiment, the traditional pilot estimation unit can calculate the subcarrier channel estimation value of the pilot signal, and use the subcarrier channel estimation value of the pilot signal to obtain the channel estimation value of the subcarrier of the traditional pilot signal. The estimation unit uses the channel estimation value of the traditional pilot signal subcarrier, and uses the traditional continuous multi-carrier system interpolation calculation method to estimate the channel estimation value of other subcarriers. This method requires little modification to the existing hardware facilities and can save resources. It can be understood that the channel estimation device can be made as an independent device, and can also be located in the pilot signal receiving end.
本领域技术人员可以理解，上述两个装置实施例中的模块与单元既可以是硬件也可以是软件；既可以是互相独立的模块，也可以通过互相拆分或合并实现与各独立模块相同的功能。Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules and units in the above two device embodiments can be either hardware or software; they can be independent modules, or they can be split or combined to achieve the same function as each independent module. Function.
综上所述，本发明实施例通过获取非连续多载波系统中载波资源的载波传输样式，在载波资源中选择可用的子载波发送和接收导频信号，可以方便利用所述导频信号对非连续多载波系统进行信道估计，减少传统多载波系统信道估计方法应用于非连续多载波系统之后出现的信道估计错误，提高了非连续多载波系统信道估计的准确性。To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the carrier transmission pattern of the carrier resources in the discontinuous multi-carrier system, and selects available subcarriers in the carrier resources to send and receive the pilot signals, so that the pilot signals can be conveniently used for non-consecutive multi-carrier systems. The channel estimation of the continuous multi-carrier system reduces the channel estimation error after the traditional multi-carrier system channel estimation method is applied to the discontinuous multi-carrier system, and improves the accuracy of the channel estimation of the discontinuous multi-carrier system.
以上所述仅为本发明的几个实施例，本领域的技术人员依据申请文件公开的内容可以对本发明进行各种改动或变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。The above descriptions are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention according to the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
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