CN101822929A - Method for capturing carbon dioxide by utilizing electrical desorption technology - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，为多塔式循环吸附和电解吸技术来捕集温室气体二氧化碳的方法，(a)在温度为10℃～50℃，压力为1.1atm～5.0atm条件下，采用低压力降、良好导电导热性能的吸附剂捕集烟道气和工业尾气中二氧化碳；(b)在电加热吸附剂温度至100℃～200℃的条件下，对步骤(a)中的吸附剂进行解吸，解吸所得的含二氧化碳气体经冷却后进入气体收集器。本发明的优点：采用电加热吸附剂，升温速度很快，电能利用率较高；选用压力降较小、气体处理量高的吸附剂整砌成高度达10米或更高的吸附器床，缩短降温时间段，降低捕集二氧化碳的能耗，以及捕集及后处理的成本。

The invention relates to a method for capturing carbon dioxide by using electrolysis technology, which is a method for capturing greenhouse gas carbon dioxide by multi-tower cycle adsorption and electrolysis technology, (a) at a temperature of 10°C to 50°C and a pressure of 1.1 atm Under the condition of ~5.0atm, the adsorbent with low pressure drop and good electrical and thermal conductivity is used to capture carbon dioxide in flue gas and industrial tail gas; The adsorbent in (a) is desorbed, and the carbon dioxide-containing gas obtained by desorption enters the gas collector after being cooled. The advantages of the present invention are as follows: the electric heating adsorbent is used, the temperature rise rate is very fast, and the utilization rate of electric energy is high; the adsorbent with a small pressure drop and a high gas treatment capacity is selected to form an adsorber bed with a height of 10 meters or higher. Shorten the cooling time period, reduce the energy consumption of carbon dioxide capture, and the cost of capture and post-treatment.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing the electrical desorption technology capturing carbon dioxide

[technical field]

The present invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse gases carbon dioxide discharge-reduction, specifically, is a kind of method of utilizing the electrical desorption technology high efficiency to capture carbon dioxide in flue gas and the industrial tail gas.

[background technology]

In recent years, the climate warming that greenhouse effects cause has become the great environmental problem of global common concern, more and more causes the attention of countries in the world.CO₂Be most important artificial greenhouse gases, be mainly derived from the flue gas of combustion of fossil fuels discharges such as power plant, cement plant, steel plant.Yet regenerative resource owing to be in the research and development stage, can not satisfy the needs that the energy increases as wind energy, water energy, biomass energy etc., and fossil fuel will continue a large amount of the use, to satisfy the needs of global energy.Therefore, in order to slow down greenhouse effects, need adopt an effective measure prevents CO₂Be discharged in the atmosphere.

At present, an effective way of minimizing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels is CO₂Capture and seal up for safekeeping.The CO that emits at combustion of fossil fuel₂, the trapping technique route mainly contains three kinds: capturing before the burning, burn, the back captures, oxygen-enriched combusting captures.In these years, a lot of capture separation of C O have been developed₂Technology, as the absorption and separation method, membrane separation process, low temperature distillation method, adsorption method of separation etc.MEA absorption process and membrane separation process capture one ton of CO at present₂Be respectively 49 dollars, 53 dollars, the capture cost is higher relatively.In order to reduce CO₂The capture cost, people have had keen interest to adsorption separation technology gradually, and find that it has very big research space.At present about CO₂The research report of sorbing material is a lot, and relevant research is applicable to normal temperature CO₂The material such as natural zeolite, molecular sieve, silica gel and active carbon of absorption and be applicable to high temperature CO₂The materials such as hydrotalcite, metal oxide, lithium salts and calcium oxide of absorption; The technology of adsorbing and trapping has Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption, transformation absorption, alternating temperature absorption and pressure and temperature varying coupling adsorbing and trapping technology.But adsorbing and trapping CO₂The cost of technology and energy consumption remain higher.

In recent years, reported in the document that a kind of quick adsorbent takes off suction (electrolysis suction) regeneration techniques, it is to utilize some adsorbents to have certain electric conductivity, adopts directly energising or electromagnetically induced to provide the mode of heat to quicken CO₂Desorption, it is actually a kind of alternating temperature adsorption technology of novelty.Because directly to the adsorbent heating, programming rate is very fast, has reduced the loss of heat on pipeline and auxiliary equipment, capacity usage ratio is than high with steam or inert gas heating indirectly.Different with steam and high temperature heat-carrying gas thermal regeneration, directly the energising heating can not introduced water, other gas in system, has improved the purity of product gas.During adsorbent reactivation, also simple to the requirement of equipment than conventional art to the requirement of equipment.But the research is at the early-stage, still need improve the electrical and thermal conductivity performance of sorbent material, solves the matching problem of adsorbent and equipment, optimizes process conditions, reduces the electric energy consumption that technology is inhaled in electrolysis.

Given this, this area presses for the method for carbon dioxide in a kind of new and effective capture flue gas and the industrial tail gas, overcomes the CO that exists in the prior art₂Adsorbing and trapping cost and energy consumption are higher, and (CO under the higher recovery₂＞80%) CO that is captured₂Defectives such as post processing (pressurization is sealed up for safekeeping) the cost rising that purity not high (being less than or equal to 75v/v%) causes.

[summary of the invention]

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method that captures carbon dioxide in flue gas and the industrial tail gas is provided.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of method of utilizing the electrical desorption technology capturing carbon dioxide, it captures the method for carbon dioxide in flue gas and the industrial tail gas for multi-tower type circulation absorption and electrical desorption technology.

One of method is to adopt multitower (Ru Santa) to inhale operating procedure through six circulation absorption and electrolysis, captures carbon dioxide in flue gas and the industrial tail gas continuously; This trapping technique is applicable to the electrical and thermal conductivity performance good adsorption material of different-shape, as graininess, fibrous, cellular carbon-based material and compound CO absorption₂Material etc.;

Concrete steps are: each circulation comprises that absorption, flushing displacement, electrical heating, product air-blowing are swept, displacement gas purges, six steps of cooling; Its concrete steps are:

Step (1) absorption: in temperature is that 10 ℃～50 ℃, pressure are under 1.1atm～5atm condition, carbon dioxide in adsorbing and trapping flue gas and the industrial tail gas;

Step (2) flushing displacement: adopt a small amount of high CO₂The gas of concentration is obtained by another tower step (5), forward flows through adsorbent bed, weak absorbed component nitrogen in the displacement bed;

Step (3) electrical heating: energising adds heat-adsorbent, makes the interior adsorbent temperature of absorber rise to 100 ℃～200 ℃; The CO that heating desorption goes out₂Gas enters the product gas tank and reclaims after cooling;

(1) is swept in step (4) product air-blowing: the carbon dioxide that retains in the reverse product air-blowing eroding river bed, separate the CO of sucking-off₂Gas enters the product gas tank and reclaims after cooling;

Step (5) displacement gas purges (2): in the reverse purging bed of the displacement gas that adopts another tower step (2) to obtain, reclaim the carbon dioxide that retains, separate the CO of sucking-off₂Gas enters the displacement gas tank, the CO of these enrichments again after cooling₂Gaseous mixture is imported another tower step (2) flushing displacement, the high CO that part is involved again₂The gas of concentration enters the product gas tank and reclaims;

Step (6) cooling: flow out low temperature exhaust gas forward directly by the adsorption tower step (5) after another regeneration by another adsorption tower that carries out step (1) adsorbing and trapping, adsorbent in the direct cooling tower, when temperature dropped to specified temp in the bed, shut-down operation was recycled to next operating procedure (1).

Two methods of method for carbon dioxide in electrical desorption technology capture flue gas and the industrial tail gas, its concrete steps are:

(a) be 10 ℃～50 ℃ in temperature, pressure is under 1.1atm～5.0atm condition, adopts carbon dioxide in existing electrical and thermal conductivity performance good adsorbent absorption flue gas and the industrial tail gas;

Described adsorbent is selected from: pattern is that graininess, fibrous, cellular carbon-based material and other have the compound CO absorption of electrical and thermal conductivity performance₂In the material one or two or more kinds;

(b) under electrical heating adsorbent to temperature is 100 ℃～200 ℃ condition, the adsorbent in the step (a) is carried out desorb, the carbon dioxide containing gas of desorb gained enters gas collector after cooling.

Described electrical heating adsorbent to temperature is 150 ℃～200 ℃;

Wherein: select for use pressure to fall that less adsorbent is whole to be built into higher adsorbent bed, make the absorber bottom divide adsorbing and trapping CO₂, tail gas continues the higher adsorbent of cooling bed interior regeneration back temperature by the adsorbent bed top, shortens the temperature fall time section, increases productivity.

The content of carbon dioxide is 3v/v%～30v/v% in the described flue gas (from the flue of power plant, steel mill and cement plant discharging), and the content of nitrogen is about 65v/v%～95v/v%, and surplus is sulfur dioxide (SO₂) gas, nitrogen oxygen (NOx) gas, water vapour etc.;

Electric heating comprises that direct current and alternating current directly heat adsorbent in the adsorbent bed, in adsorbent bed two ends energising heating up and down, and in the energising heating of adsorbent bed both sides.

Compared with prior art, good effect of the present invention is:

Adopt the low pressure drop sorbing material, as cellular adsorbent, whole pattern comprises square, cuboid and Cylinder, about 100～500 millimeters of length, width, average diameter, channel diameter is about 1 millimeter, about 1 millimeter of the thickness of network skeleton material, adsorption tower is by low pressure drop, electrical and thermal conductivity performance good adsorption CO₂Material is whole to be built, and doses conductive fiber between every layer, solves the coupling of interlayer, improves electrical heating efficiency.

Compare with traditional temperature swing adsorption process, the present invention adds electrical heating method, adopts the electrical heating sorbing material, and programming rate is very fast, can make adsorbent reach the purpose of fast desorption regeneration; And electricity directly is heated to adsorbent, and utilization rate of electrical is higher; Improve the sorbing material CO absorption by methods such as surface modifications₂Capacity, electrolysis are inhaled technology at CO₂Has significant advantage in the adsorbing and trapping technology.

At the long weakness that can reduce production capacity of absorber temperature fall time, the present invention shortens the effective temperature fall time section of adsorbent.Adopt pressure to fall the whole block of lower sorbing material (as cellular adsorbent) 10 meters or higher adsorbent bed, when carrying out step (1) adsorbing and trapping, the absorption of adsorbent bed bottom, adsorbent bed top low temperature exhaust gas continue the cooling adsorbent, can shorten the temperature fall time section of step (6).When the sorbing material heat conductivility is good, can or use the cooling operation of step (6) less.

Adopt cold burden to enter adsorption tower absorption, cooling forward's adsorption bed in the time of absorption keeps the adsorbing and trapping rate, about 20 ℃ or lower slightly again of the temperature of cold burden; The low-temperature receiver of cooling charging can utilize and compress low-grade cold of sealing up for safekeeping in the technology, reduces the energy consumption of whole technology.

In addition, adopt more than the purity 90v/v% of the available carbon dioxide of capturing carbon dioxide method of the present invention, do not need further to carry dense, can directly be compressed to 100 atmospheric pressure, condensation liquefaction, discharging fixed gas after, seal up for safekeeping, reduce the cost of the post processing of capturing carbon dioxide.

[description of drawings]

The design drawing of one section of Fig. 1 and the electrically heated electric desorber of multistage;

Fig. 2 the circulate absorption and the block diagram of electrical desorption technology capturing carbon dioxide;

Fig. 3 three towers circulate the continuously absorption and the process chart of electrical desorption technology capturing carbon dioxide.

[specific embodiment]

The present invention below is provided a kind of specific embodiment of utilizing the method for electrical desorption technology capturing carbon dioxide.

Below provide the present invention's a kind of multi-tower type circulation absorption and electrolysis to inhale the method that concentrates carbon dioxide, being embodied in working pressure, to fall whole being built into of less, electrical and thermal conductivity performance good adsorption material highly be 10 meters or higher adsorbent bed, adopt a plurality of adsorption towers (Ru Santa) to inhale operating procedure, capture carbon dioxide in flue gas and the industrial tail gas continuously through six circulation absorption and electrolysis.Seeing also accompanying drawing 1,2 and 3, six circulation absorption and electrolysis, to inhale operating procedure specific as follows:

Step (1) absorption:

In temperature is that 10 ℃～50 ℃, pressure are under 1.1atm～5atm condition, carbon dioxide in adsorbing and trapping flue gas and the industrial tail gas, its CO₂Concentration is at 3v/v%～30v/v%; This operating procedure is introduction of use CO also₂Subsequent compression is sealed the further cooled feed gas body of the low-grade cold that waits other technology up for safekeeping.Adopt cold burden to adsorb, improve adsorbing and trapping CO₂Can also cool off adsorbent in forward's adsorbent bed in the time of ability, shorten the middle adsorbent of step (6) and lower the temperature cool time, increase productivity;

Described adsorbent is selected from has electrical and thermal conductivity performance good adsorption material, comprises carbon back sorbing material and composite adsorbing material; The pattern of sorbing material comprises graininess, fibrous and cellular;

Step (2) flushing displacement: adopt a small amount of high CO₂The gas of concentration is obtained by another tower step (5), forward flows through adsorbent bed, and weak absorbed component nitrogen in the displacement bed is to improve CO in the product gas that step (3) desorb obtains₂Purity;

Step (3) electrical heating: energising adds heat-adsorbent, makes the interior adsorbent temperature of absorber rise to 100 ℃～200 ℃; The CO that heating desorption goes out₂Gas enters the product gas tank and reclaims after cooling;

(1) is swept in step (4) product air-blowing: the carbon dioxide that retains in the reverse product air-blowing eroding river bed, separate the CO of sucking-off₂Gas enters the product gas tank and reclaims after cooling; This purge gas also can comprise other carrier gas such as nitrogen, but used in amounts will be controlled CO in the product gas that guarantees finally to obtain₂Purity.

Step (5) displacement gas purges (2): the reverse purging adsorbent bed of displacement gas that adopts another tower step (2) to obtain, reclaim the carbon dioxide that retains, and separate the CO of sucking-off₂Gas enters the displacement gas tank, the CO of these enrichments again after cooling₂Gaseous mixture is recycled to weak absorbed component nitrogen in another tower step (2) displacement tower, the high CO of part accumulation₂The gas of concentration enters the product gas tank and reclaims

Step (6) cooling: flow out low temperature exhaust gas forward directly by the adsorption tower step (6) after the regeneration by another packed bed that carries out step (1) adsorbing and trapping, adsorbent in the direct cooling tower, when temperature drops to specified temp in the bed, shut-down operation, be recycled to next operating procedure (1), continue to cool.Require step (1) to adopt cold burden to adsorb, in the time of raising adsorbing and trapping efficient, also continue cooling adsorbent bed inside forward's adsorbent simultaneously, the control operation condition, adsorption capacity can not descend when guaranteeing effectively to cool off adsorbent.

Whole circulation absorption and electrolysis are inhaled and are captured in the technology, are that 10 ℃～50 ℃, pressure are under 1.1atm～5atm condition in temperature, carbon dioxide in adsorbing and trapping flue gas and the industrial tail gas, its CO₂Concentration is embodied in step (1) at 3v/v%～30v/v%; Adopt direct current or alternating current to add heat-adsorbent to temperature and carry out the adsorbent desorb for 100 ℃～200 ℃, be embodied in the step (3); Feeding refrigerating gas directly cools off in the present step of sorbent body (1), (6); Utilize follow-up CO₂The cold of compression section is embodied in step (1), (6).

The continuous adsorption capturing carbon dioxide need adopt a plurality of adsorption tower parallel work-flows, and Fig. 3 shows that a typical case three towers six steps capture CO continuously₂Operating process, each valve function and mode of operation are as shown in table 1; Six operating procedures of each circulation are divided into three equal time periods, (1) adsorption time section, and (2) flushing displacement, electrical heating and purging (1) time period, (3) purge (2) and temperature fall time section.Traditional temperature swing adsorption process temperature fall time is longer, and in fact the present invention adopts two temperature-fall periods (step (6) and step (1)).The adsorption time section also is another temperature fall time section in this technological design, but in the adsorption time section, needs optimal design to guarantee that the absorption forward should be slower than the heat wave peak and could improve cooling efficient.

The mode of operation of three towers is as shown in table 2, and adsorption tower 1 adsorbs, and adsorption tower 2 purges (2) and directly cools, and adsorption tower 3 washes displacement, electrical heating and product air-blowing and sweeps (1); Sequencing valve is controlled automatically, and next time period, adsorption tower 1 washes displacement, electrical heating and product air-blowing and sweeps (1), and adsorption tower 2 adsorbs, and adsorption tower 3 purges (2) and directly cools; Sequencing valve is regulated automatically again, and at this moment, adsorption tower 1 purges (2) and directly cools, and adsorption tower 2 washes displacement, electrical heating and product air-blowing and sweeps (1), and adsorption tower 3 adsorbs.By the automatic adjusting of sequencing valve, each adsorption tower will repeat aforesaid operations, and this technology can guarantee the continuous adsorption capturing carbon dioxide.

Table 1 three towers circulation absorption and electrical desorption technology capture CO₂Technological process in from the control regulation valve function declaration

101,201,301 valves open 102,202, and 302 valves open 103,203, and 303 valves open 104,204, and 304 valves open 105,205, and 305 valves open 106,206, and 306 valves open 107,207, and 307 valves open 108,208, and 308 valves are opened

Import direct refrigerating gas input feed gas input flushing substitution gas output heating, purge tail gas output flushing displacement tail gas behind the product gas output adsorbing and trapping that (1) desorb obtains, input flushing displacement tail gas purges the air-blowing of (2) input product and sweeps (1) output back tail gas that cools

 

 

Each tower mode of operation in the technological process that captures CO2 is inhaled in table 2 three towers circulation absorption and electrolysis

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，为多塔式循环吸附和电解吸技术来捕集烟道气和工业尾气中二氧化碳的方法。1. A method utilizing electrolysis technology to capture carbon dioxide is characterized in that it is a method for multi-tower circulation adsorption and electrolysis technology to capture carbon dioxide in flue gas and industrial tail gas.2.如权利要求1所述的一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的多塔式循环吸附来捕集烟道气和工业尾气中二氧化碳的方法，其具体步骤为：每个循环包括吸附、冲洗置换、电加热、产品气吹扫、置换气吹扫、降温六个步骤；其具体步骤为：2. a kind of method utilizing electrolytic absorption technology to catch carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described multi-tower type circulation adsorption is caught the method for carbon dioxide in flue gas and industrial tail gas, its specific steps It is: Each cycle includes six steps of adsorption, flushing and replacement, electric heating, product gas purging, replacement gas purging, and cooling; the specific steps are:步骤(1)吸附：在温度为10℃～50℃、压力为1.1atm～5atm条件下，吸附捕集烟道气或工业尾气中低浓度二氧化碳；Step (1) Adsorption: At a temperature of 10°C to 50°C and a pressure of 1.1atm to 5atm, absorb and capture low-concentration carbon dioxide in flue gas or industrial tail gas;步骤(2)冲洗置换：采用高CO₂浓度的气体，由另一个塔步骤(5)获得，顺向流过吸附床，置换床内弱吸附组分氮气；Step (2) flushing replacement: adopt high_CO Concentration gas, obtained from another tower step (5), flow through the adsorption bed in a forward direction, and replace the weakly adsorbed component nitrogen in the bed;步骤(3)电加热：通电加热吸附剂，使吸附器内吸附剂温度上升至100℃～200℃；加热解吸出的CO₂气体经冷却后，进入产品气罐回收；Step (3) Electric heating: heat the adsorbent with electricity, so that the temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorber rises to 100 ° C ~ 200 ° C; the CO₂ gas released by heating and desorbing is cooled and then enters the product gas tank for recovery;步骤(4)产品气吹扫(1)：逆向产品气吹扫床内存留的二氧化碳，解吸出的CO₂气体经冷却后，进入产品气罐回收；Step (4) product gas purging (1): the carbon dioxide remaining in the bed is purged by the reverse product gas, and the desorbed_CO2 gas enters the product gas tank for recovery after cooling;步骤(5)置换气吹扫(2)：采用另一个塔步骤(2)得到的置换气逆向吹扫床内，回收存留的二氧化碳，解吸出的CO₂气体经冷却后，再进入置换气罐，这些增浓的CO₂混合气再输入另一个塔步骤(2)进行冲洗置换，同时部分累积的高CO₂浓度气体进入产品气罐回收；Step (5) Replacement gas purging (2): Use the replacement gas obtained in step (2) of another tower to reversely purge the bed to recover the remaining carbon dioxide, and the desorbed_CO2 gas is cooled and then enters the replacement gas tank , these enriched CO_The mixed gas is input into another tower step (2) for flushing and replacement, while part of the accumulated high_CO Concentrated gas enters the product gas tank for recovery;步骤(6)降温：由另一个进行步骤(1)吸附捕集的塔流出低温尾气顺向直接通过另一个塔再生后的吸附塔步骤(5)，直接冷却塔内吸附剂，床内温度降到特定温度时，停止操作，循环到下一操作步骤(1)。Step (6) Cooling: The low-temperature tail gas flowing out of another tower that is adsorbed and captured in step (1) passes directly through the adsorption tower step (5) after the regeneration of another tower, directly cooling the adsorbent in the tower, and the temperature in the bed drops. When reaching a specific temperature, stop the operation and cycle to the next operation step (1).3.如权利要求1所述的一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的电解吸技术来捕集烟道气和工业尾气中二氧化碳的方法，其具体步骤为：3. a kind of method utilizing electrolytic absorption technology to capture carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described electrolytic absorption technology comes the method for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas and industrial tail gas, and its concrete steps are:(a)在温度为10℃～50℃，压力为1.1atm～5.0atm条件下，采用现有的导电导热性能良好的吸附剂吸附烟道气和工业尾气中低浓度二氧化碳；(a) At a temperature of 10°C to 50°C and a pressure of 1.1atm to 5.0atm, use an existing adsorbent with good electrical and thermal conductivity to absorb low-concentration carbon dioxide in flue gas and industrial tail gas;所述的吸附剂为形貌为颗粒状、纤维状、蜂窝状的碳基材料以及其具有导电导热性能的复合吸附CO₂材料中的一种或二种以上；The adsorbent is one or two or more of carbon-based materials whose appearance is granular, fibrous, and honeycomb, and their composite adsorption_CO2 materials with electrical and thermal conductivity;(b)在电加热吸附剂至温度为100℃～200℃的条件下，对步骤(a)中的吸附剂进行解吸，解吸所得的含二氧化碳气体经冷却后进入气体收集器。(b) Desorbing the adsorbent in step (a) under the condition of electrically heating the adsorbent to a temperature of 100° C. to 200° C., and the carbon dioxide-containing gas obtained from the desorption enters the gas collector after being cooled.4.如权利要求3所述的一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的电加热吸附剂至温度为150℃～200℃。4. A method for capturing carbon dioxide by electrolytic absorption technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the adsorbent is heated electrically to a temperature of 150°C-200°C.5.如权利要求3所述的一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的烟道气，为来自电厂、钢厂和水泥厂排放的烟道中二氧化碳的含量为3v/v％～30v/v％，氮气的含量为65v/v％～95v/v％，余量为二氧化硫(SO₂)气体，氮氧(NO_x)气体，水蒸气。5. a kind of method utilizing electrolytic absorption technology to trap carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described flue gas, is that the content of carbon dioxide in the flue from power plant, steel mill and cement plant discharge is 3v /v%～30v/v%, the content of nitrogen is 65v/v%～95v/v%, and the balance is sulfur dioxide (SO₂ ) gas, nitrogen oxide (NO_x ) gas, water vapor.6.如权利要求3所述的一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的电加热方式包括直流电和交流电直接加热吸附床内吸附剂，在吸附床上下两端通电加热，以及在吸附床两侧通电加热。6. A method for capturing carbon dioxide by electrolysis technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the electric heating method includes direct current and alternating current to directly heat the adsorbent in the adsorption bed, and electrify the upper and lower ends of the adsorption bed Heating, and electric heating on both sides of the adsorption bed.7.如权利要求3所述的一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的吸附塔为采用压力降较小、气体处理量高的吸附剂整砌成高度达10米或更高的吸附器床，在进行步骤(1)吸附捕集时，吸附床底部吸附，吸附床顶部低温尾气继续冷却吸附剂，缩短步骤(6)的降温时间段。当吸附材料导热性能良好，不用或者少用步骤(6)的降温操作。7. A method for capturing carbon dioxide by electrolytic absorption technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, the adsorption tower adopts an adsorbent with a smaller pressure drop and a high gas treatment capacity to form a whole with a height of 10 When the adsorber bed is 1 m or higher, when performing step (1) adsorption and trapping, the bottom of the adsorption bed is adsorbed, and the low-temperature tail gas at the top of the adsorption bed continues to cool the adsorbent, shortening the cooling time period of step (6). When the thermal conductivity of the adsorption material is good, the cooling operation in step (6) is not used or used less.8.如权利要求3所述的一种利用电解吸技术捕集二氧化碳的方法，其特征在于，采用冷料进入吸附塔吸附，吸附的同时冷却前锋的吸附床层，保持吸附捕集率，冷料的温度约20℃或者再略低；冷却进料的冷源利用压缩封存工艺中的低品位的冷量，降低整个工艺的能耗。8. A kind of method utilizing electrolytic absorption technology to capture carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, adopts cold feedstock to enter adsorption tower adsorption, while absorbing, the adsorption bed layer of cooling front, keeps the adsorption capture rate, cold The temperature of the raw material is about 20°C or slightly lower; the cold source for cooling the raw material uses the low-grade cooling capacity in the compression and storage process to reduce the energy consumption of the entire process.

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