CN101799672A - Control circuit for realizing single-line transmission among multiple devices - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种实现多设备间单线传输的控制电路，包括一个主控单元和多个被控单元，主控单元与各被控单元之间分别通过一根PWM信号控制线相连接，主控单元输出幅度、频率可调的PWM脉冲控制信号至各被控单元。本发明完全改变了传统的多线控制方式，实现了对控制系统中多个电器单元的单线控制，由于控制线束的减少，使系统故障点降低，使整个控制装置的抗干扰能力及可靠性大大提高。同时，由于节省了导线材料和其所占用的空间，便于系统布置控制电路，最终也降低了经济成本。

The invention relates to a control circuit for realizing single-wire transmission between multiple devices, which includes a main control unit and multiple controlled units, and the main control unit and each controlled unit are respectively connected by a PWM signal control line, and the main control unit The unit outputs a PWM pulse control signal with adjustable amplitude and frequency to each controlled unit. The present invention completely changes the traditional multi-line control mode and realizes the single-line control of multiple electrical units in the control system. Due to the reduction of the control wire harness, the failure points of the system are reduced, and the anti-interference ability and reliability of the entire control device are greatly improved. improve. At the same time, because the wire material and the space occupied by it are saved, it is convenient to arrange the control circuit in the system, and finally reduces the economic cost.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种实现多设备间单线传输的控制电路A control circuit for realizing single-wire transmission between multiple devices

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电器控制领域，尤其是一种实现多设备间单线传输的控制电路。The invention relates to the field of electric appliance control, in particular to a control circuit for realizing single-wire transmission between multiple devices.

背景技术Background technique

在一个单片机对多个设备进行控制时，比如在机器人的控制中，由于涉及众多的舵机控制，每个舵机都需要3根导线：电源线、地线以及信号线与单片机进行连接。假设整个系统中有5个舵机，5个舵机就需要7根导线与单片机进行连接，其中，7根导线中包括1根电源线、1根地线和5根信号线。在单片机单独控制各个舵机的情况下，由于舵机众多，因而需要耗费大量的导线，扩大了导线所占用的空间，导致安装和维修不便，同时，大量的导线增加了系统的故障点，使整个系统的抗干扰能力和可靠性降低。此外，大量的导线同时也增加了机器人的体积、重量和生产成本。When a single-chip microcomputer controls multiple devices, such as in the control of a robot, due to the control of many steering gears, each steering gear needs 3 wires: the power line, the ground wire and the signal line are connected to the single-chip microcomputer. Assuming that there are 5 steering gears in the whole system, 5 steering gears need 7 wires to connect with the microcontroller, among which, 7 wires include 1 power wire, 1 ground wire and 5 signal wires. In the case where the single chip microcomputer controls each steering gear individually, due to the large number of steering gears, a large number of wires are required, which expands the space occupied by the wires, resulting in inconvenient installation and maintenance. At the same time, a large number of wires increase the system. The anti-interference ability and reliability of the whole system are reduced. In addition, a large number of wires also increases the volume, weight and production cost of the robot.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种仅通过一根信号线即可实现一个主控单元与多个被控单元之间信号传输的实现多设备间单线传输的控制电路，这种控制电路的可靠性高、抗干扰能力强。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control circuit for single-line transmission between multiple devices that can realize signal transmission between a master control unit and multiple controlled units through only one signal line, and the reliability of this control circuit is high , Strong anti-interference ability.

为实现上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：一种实现多设备间单线传输的控制电路，包括一个主控单元和多个被控单元，主控单元与各被控单元之间通过一根PWM信号控制线相连接，主控单元输出幅度、频率可调的PWM脉冲控制信号至各被控单元。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a control circuit for realizing single-wire transmission between multiple devices, including a master control unit and multiple controlled units, the master control unit and each controlled unit are connected by a The PWM signal control lines are connected to each other, and the main control unit outputs PWM pulse control signals with adjustable amplitude and frequency to each controlled unit.

由上述技术方案可知，本发明完全改变了传统的多线控制方式，实现了对控制系统中多个电器单元的单线控制，由于控制线束的减少，使系统故障点降低，使整个控制装置的抗干扰能力及可靠性大大提高。同时，由于节省了导线材料和其所占用的空间，便于系统布置控制电路，最终也降低了经济成本。It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention has completely changed the traditional multi-line control mode, and realized the single-line control of multiple electrical units in the control system. Due to the reduction of the control wire harness, the failure points of the system are reduced, and the resistance of the entire control device is reduced. Interference ability and reliability are greatly improved. At the same time, because the wire material and the space occupied by it are saved, it is convenient to arrange the control circuit in the system, and finally the economic cost is also reduced.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构框图；Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;

图2是本发明中主控单元的电路图；Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of main control unit among the present invention;

图3是本发明中被控单元的电路图。Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the controlled unit in the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

一种实现多设备间单线传输的控制电路，包括一个主控单元10和多个被控单元20，所述的被控单元20的个数为两个或两个以上。主控单元10与各被控单元20之间通过一根PWM信号控制线16相连接，主控单元10输出幅度、频率可调的PWM脉冲控制信号至各被控单元20。如图1所示。A control circuit for realizing single-wire transmission between multiple devices includes amaster control unit 10 and multiple controlledunits 20, and the number of controlledunits 20 is two or more. Themaster control unit 10 is connected to each controlledunit 20 through a PWMsignal control line 16 , and themaster control unit 10 outputs a PWM pulse control signal with adjustable amplitude and frequency to each controlledunit 20 . As shown in Figure 1.

结合图2，所述的主控单元10包括单片机MCU 11，单片机MCU 11的输出端与调频调压电路17的输入端相连，调频调压电路17的输出端通过一根PWM信号控制线16与各个被控单元20的输入端连接。所述的单片机MCU 11的输入端与用于可供用户操作的用户接口电路15的输出端相连。用户接口电路15用于实现用户通过单片机MCU 11对各个被控单元20的操作和控制。In conjunction with Fig. 2, describedmain control unit 10 comprises single-chip microcomputer MCU 11, and the output end of single-chip microcomputer MCU 11 is connected with the input end of frequency modulationvoltage regulation circuit 17, and the output end of frequency modulationvoltage regulation circuit 17 is connected with by a PWMsignal control line 16. The input terminals of each controlledunit 20 are connected. The input end of described single-chip microcomputer MCU 11 is connected with the output end for theuser interface circuit 15 that can be operated by the user. Theuser interface circuit 15 is used to realize the user's operation and control of each controlledunit 20 through the single-chip microcomputer MCU 11.

结合图2，所述的调频调压电路17包括电源芯片LM317 12，电源芯片LM317 12的输入引脚接14V直流电，电源芯片LM317 12的输出引脚接单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14的公共端COM，电源芯片LM317 12的电压调节引脚与输出引脚之间接电阻R1，电源芯片LM317 12的电压调节引脚与数字电位器13的一端相连，数字电位器13的另一端通过I2C协议与单片机MCU 11通讯，实现输出电压的软件可编程控制，I2C协议为主、从机之间的通讯协议，电源芯片LM317 12的输入、输出引脚对地接滤波电容。电源芯片LM317 12的输出电压为VCC1，该输出电压VCC1是由数字电位器13调节的可变电压。In conjunction with Fig. 2, the frequency modulation andvoltage regulation circuit 17 includes a power chip LM317 12, the input pin of the power chip LM317 12 is connected to 14V DC, and the output pin of the power chip LM317 12 is connected to the common terminal COM of the single-pole double-throw switch MAX4544 14. The resistor R1 is connected between the voltage adjustment pin of the power chip LM317 12 and the output pin, the voltage adjustment pin of the power chip LM317 12 is connected to one end of the digital potentiometer 13, and the other end of the digital potentiometer 13 is connected to the MCU through the I2C protocol. 11 communication, realize the software programmable control of the output voltage, the I2C protocol is the master and the communication protocol between the slaves, the input and output pins of the power chip LM317 12 are connected to the filter capacitor to the ground. The output voltage of the power supply chip LM317 12 is VCC1, and the output voltage VCC1 is a variable voltage regulated by the digital potentiometer 13.

结合图2，所述的调频调压电路17还包括单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14，单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14的控制电平输入端接单片机MCU 11的PWM信号输出端相连，单片机MCU 11通过I/O引脚输出频率可变的PWM脉冲信号，供单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14作为开关的关断频率，该PWM脉冲信号是由设置在单片机MCU 11内部的PWM寄存器发出或者通过软件编程实现的。单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14常闭触头NC的引出线分三路输出，一路作为与各被控单元20连接的PWM信号控制线16，一路通过电阻R4接电源芯片LM317 12的输出引脚，一路与电阻R3的一端相连，电阻R3与电阻R2串联，电阻R2的另一端接地，单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14常开触头NO的引出线接在电阻R2和电阻R3之间。电阻R2、R3、R4的阻值可以根据需要设定。当PWM脉冲信号输出高电平时，单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14的公共端COM与常闭触头NC连接，此时A点的输出电压为VCC1；反之，当PWM脉冲信号输出低电平时，单刀双掷开关MAX4544 14的公共端COM与常开触头NO连接，此时A点的输出电压为(R3+R4)/R3×VCC1，可见，调节VCC1就可以调节输出的脉冲的电压值。In conjunction with Fig. 2, described frequency modulation andvoltage regulation circuit 17 also comprises single-pole double-throw switch MAX4544 14, and the control level input terminal of single-chip double-throw switch MAX4544 14 is connected to the PWM signal output end of single-chip microcomputer MCU 11, and single-chip microcomputer MCU 11 is connected through I/ The O pin outputs a variable-frequency PWM pulse signal for the single-pole double-throw switch MAX4544 14 as the turn-off frequency of the switch. The PWM pulse signal is sent by the PWM register inside theMCU 11 or realized by software programming. Single-pole double-throw switch MAX4544 14 The lead-out lines of the normally closed contact NC are divided into three outputs, one as the PWMsignal control line 16 connected to each controlledunit 20, one is connected to the output pin of the power chip LM317 12 through the resistor R4, and one is It is connected to one end of resistor R3, resistor R3 is connected in series with resistor R2, the other end of resistor R2 is grounded, and the lead-out line of the normally open contact NO of SPDT switch MAX4544 14 is connected between resistor R2 and resistor R3. The resistance values of the resistors R2, R3, and R4 can be set as required. When the PWM pulse signal outputs a high level, the common terminal COM of the SPDT switch MAX4544 14 is connected to the normally closed contact NC, and the output voltage of point A is VCC1 at this time; otherwise, when the PWM pulse signal outputs a low level, the SPDT The common terminal COM of the throw switch MAX4544 14 is connected to the normally open contact NO. At this time, the output voltage of point A is (R3+R4)/R3×VCC1. It can be seen that the voltage value of the output pulse can be adjusted by adjusting VCC1.

结合图3，所述的被控单元20包括双门限比较器21，双门限比较器21的电压输入端与调频调压电路17的输出端相连，双门限比较器21的输出端与执行装置22的输入端相连，双门限比较器21的门限电压范围落在PWM脉冲控制信号的幅值范围内。各个被控单元20的双门限比较器21的门限电压范围各异，以确保在其自身的门限电压区间内的PWM脉冲控制信号为该被控单元20所识别，并通过双门限比较器21输出高电平从而控制执行机构，达到控制的目的。3, the controlledunit 20 includes a double-threshold comparator 21, the voltage input end of the double-threshold comparator 21 is connected to the output end of the frequency modulation andvoltage regulation circuit 17, and the output end of the double-threshold comparator 21 is connected to the execution device 22 The input terminals of the dual-threshold comparator 21 are connected, and the threshold voltage range of the dual-threshold comparator 21 falls within the amplitude range of the PWM pulse control signal. The threshold voltage ranges of the dual-threshold comparators 21 of each controlledunit 20 are different, so as to ensure that the PWM pulse control signal within its own threshold voltage range is recognized by the controlledunit 20 and output by the dual-threshold comparator 21 High level to control the actuator to achieve the purpose of control.

综上所述，本发明的核心在于通过主控单元10调节出不同的参考电压VCC1，就可以完成单线对各被控单元20的工作状态的控制，且各被控单元20的控制相互独立、互不干涉，从而可靠的完成各种控制工作，由于只用一根PWM信号控制线16进行传输控制，大大的减少了线束接点的数量，降低了系统布线的难度，此系统的体积和重量及成本方面都有显著改善。To sum up, the core of the present invention is that themain control unit 10 adjusts different reference voltages VCC1 to complete the single-line control of the working state of each controlledunit 20, and the control of each controlledunit 20 is independent of each other. Non-interference with each other, so as to reliably complete various control tasks. Since only one PWMsignal control line 16 is used for transmission control, the number of wiring harness contacts is greatly reduced, and the difficulty of system wiring is reduced. The volume and weight of the system and Significant improvements have been made in terms of cost.

Claims (7)

1. control circuit of realizing the transmission of many equipment rooms single line, it is characterized in that: comprise a main control unit (10) and a plurality of controlled unit (20), be connected by a pwm signal control line (16) between main control unit (10) and each controlled unit (20), the pwm pulse of main control unit (10) output amplitude, frequency adjustable controls signal to each controlled unit (20).

2. the control circuit of many equipment rooms of realization single line transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main control unit (10) comprises single-chip microprocessor MCU (11), the output terminal of single-chip microprocessor MCU (11) links to each other with the input end of frequency modulation and voltage modulation circuit (17), and the output terminal of frequency modulation and voltage modulation circuit (17) is connected with the input end of each controlled unit (20) by a pwm signal control line (16).

3. the control circuit of many equipment rooms of realization single line transmission according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described controlled unit (20) comprises double threshold comparer (21), the voltage input end of double threshold comparer (21) links to each other with the output terminal of frequency modulation and voltage modulation circuit (17), the output terminal of double threshold comparer (21) links to each other with the input end of actuating unit (22), and the threshold voltage scope of double threshold comparer (21) drops in the amplitude range of pwm pulse control signal.

4. the control circuit of many equipment rooms of realization single line transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the number of described controlled unit (20) is two or more.

5. the control circuit of many equipment rooms of realization single line according to claim 2 transmission is characterized in that: the input end of described single-chip microprocessor MCU (11) links to each other with the output terminal of the user interface circuit (15) that is used for operating for the user.

6. the control circuit of many equipment rooms of realization single line transmission according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described frequency modulation and voltage modulation circuit (17) comprises power supply chip LM317 (12), the input pin of power supply chip LM317 (12) connects the 14V direct current, the common port COM of the output pin order double-pole double throw switch MAX4544 (14) of power supply chip LM317 (12), connecting resistance R1 between the voltage-regulation pin of power supply chip LM317 (12) and the output pin, the voltage-regulation pin of power supply chip LM317 (12) links to each other with an end of digital regulation resistance (13), and the other end of digital regulation resistance (13) passes through I²C agreement and single-chip microprocessor MCU (11) communication, input, the output pin of power supply chip LM317 (12) connect filter capacitor over the ground.

7. according to the control circuit of claim 2 or the transmission of 6 described many equipment rooms of realization single lines, it is characterized in that: described frequency modulation and voltage modulation circuit (17) comprises single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) MAX4544 (14), the pwm signal output terminal that the control level input end of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) MAX4544 (14) connects single-chip microprocessor MCU (11) links to each other, the extension line of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) MAX4544 (14) normally closed interlock NC divides three tunnel outputs, one the tunnel as the pwm signal control line (16) that is connected with each controlled unit (20), the resistance R 4 of leading up to connects the output pin of power supply chip LM317 (12), one the tunnel links to each other with an end of resistance R 3, resistance R 3 is connected with resistance R 2, the other end ground connection of resistance R 2, the extension line of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) MAX4544 (14) normally open contact NO is connected between resistance R 2 and the resistance R 3.

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