CN101792348B - Humic acid liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a humic acid liquid fertilizer which is prepared by the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of fulvic acid potassium, 35-45 parts of major elements, 10-15 parts of trace elements, 1.0-1.5 parts of cosolvent, 0.2-0.4 part of stabilizer, 0.3-0.5 part of permeation promoter, 0.8-1.5 parts of natural surfactant, 1.0-2.0 parts of anti-adversity promoter, 0.06-0.1 part of growth promoter and 25-33 parts of water. The humic acid liquid fertilizer has the advantages of simple process, stable micellar system, uniform and balanced nutrients, scientific components and a variety of effects of significantly improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer, promoting the growth of crops, increasing the anti-adversity, improving the yield and quality of the crops and the like.

Description

A kind of humic acid liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the agricultural fertilizer technical field, relate to a kind of humic acid liquid fertilizer, relate in particular to the multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer of a kind of stability and high efficiency type.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer becomes increasingly conspicuous to the production-increasing function of crop.The statistics of the World Food Programme (FAO) shows, 20th century world food output 40%-60% from the contribution of fertilizer.But at present along with urbanization process is accelerated, cultivated area and Quality Down, population increases rapidly simultaneously, and world per capita cultivated land is 0.4 hectare, and China's per capita area of cultivated farmland is 0.1 hectare only, and Food Security becomes world subject.The existing effect of conventional fertilizer in agriculture production is undeniable, and utilization ratio is not high, and fertilizer loss is serious, and its environmental problem of bringing is paid attention to by countries in the world.Liquid fertilizer is favored take characteristics such as its multielement high-efficiency, compound customizations, long acting multifunction and environmental protections as the agricultural producer.Humic acids is at " five greatly effect " on the agricultural (improvement soil, synergy chemical fertilizer, stimulating growth, enhancing is degeneration-resistant and improve quality), xanthohumic acid " four doses of functions " (drought resistance agent, growth regulator, pesticide slow-release synergistic agent, chemical element complexing agent) on agricultural etc., humic acid liquid fertilizer has become the important member of new liquid fertilizer family, widespread use in China's agriculture production.

At present, in humic acid liquid fertilizer products production and the application, there are the following problems: 1. micellar system is unstable, is prone to flocculation, precipitation, and various nutrients are non-constant.2. during lesser temps, easy salting-out crystallization, nutrient density homogeneous.3. auxiliary component science not easily causes blade injury, and blade face plate-out ability and imbibition are poor, and fertilizer efficiency is poor, and utilization ratio is not high, is unfavorable for that crop increases.4. functional single, the nutrient component is science not.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the technical deficiency of existing liquid fertilizer product, provide a kind of stability and high efficiency type multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer.

Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of the multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer of this stability and high efficiency type.

The invention provides a kind of humic acid liquid fertilizer, it is prepared from by following component by weight:

Potassium fulvate 10-20 part,

Macroelement 35-45 part

Trace element 10-15 part,

Solubility promoter 1.0-1.5 part

Stablizer 0.2-0.4 part

Penetration-assisting agent 0.3-0.5 part

Natural surface active agent 0.8-1.5 part

Degeneration-resistant startup agent 1.0-2.0 part

Growth stimulant 0.06-0.1 part

Water 25-33 part.

Preferably, be prepared from by following component:

13 parts of potassium fulvates,

40 parts of macroelement

11 parts of trace elements,

1 part of solubility promoter

0.2 part of stablizer

0.4 part of penetration-assisting agent

1 part of natural surface active agent

1.0 parts of degeneration-resistant startup agent

0.06 part of growth stimulant

32.4 parts in water.

Wherein, described macroelement is urea, ammonium polyphosphate and vitriolate of tartar, and its weight ratio is 1.0-4.5: 1.0-2.5: 1.0-3.0.

Described trace element is selected from one or more in Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, iron vitriol, manganese sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, ten water boric acid and the four water ammonium molybdates.

Described solubility promoter is glycerol.

Described stablizer is Xylo-Mucine or xanthan gum.

Described penetration-assisting agent is organosilicon or organic fluorine (unstable alveolitoid).

Described natural surface active agent is selected from a kind of in sorbitol, mannitol, Sorbitol Powder, erythritol, maltose alcohol, the Saccharum lactis.

Described degeneration-resistant startup agent is L-Leu.

Described growth stimulant is tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid (TGA).

The present invention also provides the method for the above-mentioned humic acid liquid fertilizer of preparation, may further comprise the steps:

1) first solubility promoter part and stablizer are added together abundant stirring 10-15 minute, add again water and be stirred to evenly, form A liquid.

2) fulvic acid potassium, macroelement and trace element are added in the A liquid successively, under steam heating 50-60 ℃ condition, chelatropic reaction 3-5 hour, non-shock chilling 8-10 hour, form B liquid.

3) degeneration-resistant startup agent, growth stimulant, penetration-assisting agent and natural surface active agent are added in the B liquid successively, stir, use the lemon acid for adjusting pH value to 6.0-6.5, and get final product.

Humic acid liquid fertilizer of the present invention mainly carries out foliage-spray, also can fill with root, dip in root, seed dressing, soaks seed and soak the various ways such as cutting and use.

Each component that fertilizer of the present invention comprises has following characteristics: the fulvic acid potassium that 1, is rich in belongs to low molecular mass humic acids, have stronger chemically reactive and physiologically active than humic acids, but complexing is micro-, reduce the nutrient antagonism, improves the nutritive element utilization ratio; Improvement soil, stationary state nutrient in the activating soil; Activate soil microbial activities; Promote crop photosynthesis, regulate respiration, improve the root of hair vigor; Improve the crop anti-adversity energy; Improve crops quality; Less objectionable impurities is polluted, is ensured food safety.2, the phosphorus source is ammonium polyphosphate, not only is beneficial to the crop Foliage Absorption, can prolong the moistening time of blade face simultaneously, prolongs crop to the soak time of nutrient.3, overcome multiplex Tween-80 in the existing liquid fertilizer product, PEG400, the chemical classes such as SDS and OP-10 tensio-active agent is to the injury of plant leaf, utilize natural surface active agent glycitols material among the present invention, effectively reduce the crop leaf surface tension, the plate-out ability of element has additional nutrients, glycitols material self molecular mass is low, be easy to be absorbed by blade, participate in the adjusting of cell inner penetration and raising to the resistance of active oxygen, make crop adapt to the adverse circumstance growth, in also being, the good complexing agents such as trace element, and can carry mineral nutrient and in plant phloem, transport, effectively reduce simultaneously urea to the damage of crop leaf.4, micellar system is stablized: stablizer Xylo-Mucine or xanthan gum, and the suspension degree of increase liquid reduces the humic acid liquid fertilizer precipitation and produces, and assurance humic acid liquid fertilizer all technical is stablized; Decrease salt eutectoid temperature enlarges use range.5, nutrition absorption is rapid: penetration-assisting agent organosilicon or organic fluorine, ooze and absorption in the acceleration available nutrient, and can significantly improve fertilizer utilization efficiency.6, strengthen resistance: degeneration-resistant startup agent L-Leu, precursor as " stress ethylene " promotes material, promotes to produce endogenous hormones ethene under the environment-stress effect, opens the Secondary Metabolism of Plant approach, the metabolism of accelerating aromatic series and monoterpenes compound is synthetic, strengthens crop anti-adversity.7, Effective Raise yield and quality: growth stimulant tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid (TGA), the energy rapid permeability is in plant materials, the involved in plant protein metabolism promotes the protoplasma of cell to flow, and breaks seed dormancy, accelerate plant rooting speed, stem increases slightly, extends, and blade enlarges, and leaf green content improves, less fallen flowers, shedding improve product quality.

Fertilizer of the present invention has following beneficial effect: have stable micellar system, nutrient homogeneous, equilibrium, component science, can significantly improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, promote plant growth, strengthen resistance, improve many-sided characteristics and the effects such as crop yield and product quality.Field test by 2 years shows (seeing Table 1), and liquid fertilizer of the present invention can make vegetable crop improve 9.04%-20.11%; Food crop volume increase 7.15%-11.01%.

Embodiment

Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.

Xanthan gum: 1% aqueous solution is 1600cps, is produced by Qingdao Japan exquisite processing company limited.

Xylo-Mucine (CMC): 1% aqueous solution is 2000cps, and billows chemical industry company limited produces by sea, Zibo.

Organosilicon: alkyl aralkyl modified silicon oil 235, company limited produces by Guangzhou Si Luoke chemistry.

Organic fluorine: negatively charged ion organic fluorine tensio-active agent 100, company limited produces by Guangzhou Si Luoke chemistry.

Potassium fulvate: humic acids 〉=55%; Xanthohumic acid 〉=15%; K₂O 〉=11% is produced by Shanxi humic acids Science and Technology Ltd. of U.S. nation.

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP): N-P₂O₅-K₂The O nutrient content is: 24-46-0, produced by chemical plant, Parkson, Shifang City.

Embodiment 1 multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer (universal)

Get glycerol 10kg, xanthan gum 2kg, uniform stirring 10 minutes, add water 323.4kg and stir, add successively potassium fulvate 130kg, urea 186kg, ammonium polyphosphate 147kg, vitriolate of tartar 67kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 20kg, iron vitriol 30kg, manganese sulfate monohydrate 20kg, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 10kg, ten water boric acid 20kg and four water ammonium molybdate 10kg, under 50 ℃ of conditions of steam heating, fully chelatropic reaction is 5 hours, and non-shock chilling added L-Leu 10kg after 8 hours, tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid 0.6kg, organosilicon 4kg, maltose alcohol 10kg is behind the uniform stirring, with lemon acid for adjusting pH value to 6.5, namely get 1000kg liquid fertilizer finished product.Be applicable to various crops with mentioned solution, dilution 800-1200 doubly uses.

Embodiment 2 multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizers (vegetables and melon and fruit tailored version)

Get glycerol 13kg, xanthan gum 4kg, uniform stirring 15 minutes, add water 316.2kg and stir, add successively potassium fulvate 120kg, urea 136kg, ammonium polyphosphate 177kg, vitriolate of tartar 98kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 30kg, iron vitriol 30kg, manganese sulfate monohydrate 20kg, ten water boric acid 20kg and four water ammonium molybdate 10kg, under 60 ℃ of conditions of steam heating, fully chelatropic reaction is 4 hours, behind the non-shock chilling 8 hours, add L-Leu 12kg, tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid 0.8kg, organosilicon 3kg, sorbitol 10kg, behind the uniform stirring, with lemon acid for adjusting pH value to 6.5, namely get 1000kg liquid fertilizer finished product.Can be used for various vegetables and the fruit crops such as tomato, cucumber, green pepper, romaine lettuce, watermelon, oranges and tangerines, apple with mentioned solution, dilution 1000-1200 doubly uses.

Embodiment 3 multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizers (grain and cash crop tailored version)

Get glycerol 12kg, Xylo-Mucine 4kg, uniform stirring 15 minutes, adding water 312kg stirs, add successively potassium fulvate 100kg, urea 236kg, ammonium polyphosphate 118kg, vitriolate of tartar 58kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 40kg, iron vitriol 40kg, manganese sulfate monohydrate 30kg and ten water boric acid 20kg, under 60 ℃ of conditions of steam heating, fully chelatropic reaction is 5 hours, and non-shock chilling is after 8 hours, with lemon acid for adjusting pH value to 6.0, add L-Leu 10kg, tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid 1kg, organic fluorine 4kg, Sorbitol Powder 15kg, behind the uniform stirring, namely get 1000kg liquid fertilizer finished product.Can be used for various grains and the cash crop such as paddy rice, corn, wheat, soybean, cotton with mentioned solution, dilution 600-1000 doubly uses.

Embodiment 4

Get glycerol 15kg, xanthan gum 4kg, uniform stirring 15 minutes, adding water 250.4kg stirs, add successively potassium fulvate 200kg, urea 160kg, ammonium polyphosphate 82kg, vitriolate of tartar 108kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 40kg, iron vitriol 40kg, manganese sulfate monohydrate 30kg and ten water boric acid 40kg, under 60 ℃ of conditions of steam heating, fully chelatropic reaction is 5 hours, and non-shock chilling is after 8 hours, with lemon acid for adjusting pH value to 6.0, add L-Leu 10kg, tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid 0.6kg, organosilicon 5kg, mannitol 15kg, behind the uniform stirring, namely get 1000kg liquid fertilizer finished product.

Embodiment 5

Get glycerol 10kg, Xylo-Mucine 2kg, uniform stirring 15 minutes, adding water 306kg stirs, add successively potassium fulvate 100kg, urea 226kg, ammonium polyphosphate 58kg, vitriolate of tartar 166kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 30kg, iron vitriol 40kg, and ten water boric acid 30kg, under 55 ℃ of conditions of steam heating, fully chelatropic reaction is 5 hours, and non-shock chilling is after 8 hours, with lemon acid for adjusting pH value to 6.5, add L-Leu 20kg, tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid 1kg, organic fluorine 3kg, glucose sugar alcohol 8kg, behind the uniform stirring, namely get 1000kg liquid fertilizer finished product.

The application test of the multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer of experimental example

Multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer of the present invention, the fertilizer efficiency proof test is carried out in many areas in the whole nation during in May, 2008-2009 year October, wherein, the test of Beijing, place, Tianjin vegetable crop is the broad spectrum type for preparing of embodiment 1-multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer with fertilizer; Vegetables and the melon and fruit tailored version-multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer of Henan, 2 preparations of place, Hebei fruit trees and vegetables test Application Example; Grain and cash crop tailored version-multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer that Jilin, Heilungkiang and the plantation of place, Hebei field crop prepare with fertile Application Example 3.

The test Treatment Design is as follows:

1 control treatment: conventional fertilizer application, do not carry out blade face water spray or leaf dressing

2 clear water contrasts: conventional fertilizer application+spray clear water, spray the 30kg clear water 3 times every mu of plant growth animated period, the interval is more than 7 days, and spraying time and humic acid liquid fertilizer, to spray the time identical.

3 experiments are processed: conventional fertilizer application+spray humic acid liquid fertilizer, spray 30g humic acid liquid fertilizer (in the dilution 30kg clear water) 3 times every mu of plant growth animated period, and the interval is more than 7 days.

Every processing repeats for three times, and district's group is arranged immediately.

The effect of table 1 multi-functional humic acid liquid fertilizer of the present invention on Different Crop

Annotate: F_0.05=6.94; F_0.01=18.0

Claims (4)

1. a humic acid liquid fertilizer is characterized in that, it is prepared from by following component by weight:

Potassium fulvate 10-20 part,

Macroelement 35-45 part,

Trace element 10-15 part,

Solubility promoter 1.0-1.5 part,

Xylo-Mucine or xanthan gum 0.2-0.4 part,

Organosilicon or organic fluorine 0.3-0.5 part,

Natural surface active agent 0.8-1.5 part,

L-Leu 1.0-2.0 part,

Tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid 0.06-0.1 part,

Water 25-33 part;

Described natural surface active agent is selected from a kind of in sorbitol, mannitol, Sorbitol Powder, erythritol, maltose alcohol, the Saccharum lactis;

Described macroelement is urea, ammonium polyphosphate and vitriolate of tartar, and its weight ratio is 1.0-4.5:1.0-2.5:1.0-3.0.

2. humic acid liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described trace element is selected from one or more in Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, iron vitriol, manganese sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, ten water boric acid and the four water ammonium molybdates.

3. humic acid liquid fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described solubility promoter is glycerol.

4. prepare the method for each described humic acid liquid fertilizer of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

1) first solubility promoter and Xylo-Mucine or xanthan gum are added together abundant stirring 10-15 minute, add again water and be stirred to evenly, form A liquid;

2) fulvic acid potassium, macroelement and trace element are added in the A liquid successively, under steam heating 50-60 ℃ condition, chelatropic reaction 3-5 hour, non-shock chilling 8-10 hour, form B liquid;

3) L-Leu, tetramethyl-pentanedioic acid, organosilicon or organic fluorine and natural surface active agent are added in the B liquid successively, stir, use the lemon acid for adjusting pH value to 6.0-6.5, and get final product.