Background technology
Human edible oil and fat are divided into essential fatty acid and non-essential fatty acid.Non-essential fatty acid comprises SFA and MUFA, and the grease that mainly contains this class aliphatic acid has animal tallow, palm oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, olive oil, sunflower seeds wet goods.This class aliphatic acid can be combined to by carbohydrate and protein transduction in human body, so be not the aliphatic acid that needed by human is taken in.Can discharge a large amount of heat energy when they are oxidized provides nutrition, as absorb excessively then easily cause fat, disease such as high fat of blood and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular embolism, so should control intake.
Essential fatty acid comprises ω 3 series and ω 6 Series P UFA, preceding a series of octatecatrienoic acid (alpha-linolenic acid), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHAs (DHA) etc. of mainly comprising, a series of octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), octatecatrienoic acid (gamma-Linolenic acid) and the arachidonic acids etc. of mainly comprising in back.This two big class is that human body is necessary, and can not oneself synthesize in human body again, must rely on the picked-up of external source food to replenish.Can transform to high-carbon by low-carbon (LC) in human body with the PUFA in a series of.
ω 3 Series P UFA claim brain gold series because of it again to the health role, it is human brain and retina cell's important composition composition, to the main effect of health is to perfect brain neuron, increase intelligence and memory (promotes infant's brain to grow, improve its IQ, the prevention senile dementia; For pregnant and lying-in women, can pass through placenta, milk optimization fetus, infant's brain, the formation and the growth of body); Prevention cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (can regulate blood fat, reduce serum cholesterol, softening blood vessel changes blood viscosity, suppresses platelet aggregation, prevents thrombosis); Can change human body words spoken by an actor from offstage cell state, reduce inflammation and allergy, improve the immunity of organism regulating power; Improve the activity of superoxide dismutase in the human body, reduce the generation of free radical, delay senility; Can the nutrition retina cell (promote infant's optic nerve and amphiblestroid growth, prevent middle-aged and old vision degenerations); Can also suppress the formation of short cancer material, the generation of prevention prostate cancer, breast cancer and the carcinoma of the rectum etc.
ω 3 Series P UFA because of its to the satisfactory again blood vessel series of health role, it is the essential part of cell membranes such as human body cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, main effect to human body is to prevent and treat angiocardiopathy, comprise esterified cholesterol, suppress platelet aggregation, increase blood vessel elasticity, reduce blood viscosity, the various chronic complicating diseases of prevention and treatment diabetes, as regulate insulin active, improve albuminuria, glomerulus artery sclerosis and renal tubular function disorder etc., promote fetus and infant's brain and nervous system development etc.
For health, ω 3 series respectively have its original effect with ω 6 series fatty acids, then are that two series are complementary for cardiovascular and fat metabolism, the common adjusting.ω 3 Series P UFA (alpha-linolenic acid series) effect is lasting, the short speed of ω 6 Series P UFA (linoleic acid system) effect.As long-term huge uptake ω 6 Series P UFA, desaturase and chain elongation enzyme in the human body are all shared in changing into arachidonic reaction by the linoleic acid of ω 6 series, the ω 3 serial alpha-linolenic acids that are ingested on a small quantity can not get the catalysis of above-mentioned two kinds of enzymes, can not change into EPA and DHA, thereby cell membrane function occurs and change, impel human senescence, inhibition immunocompetence (increase and infect) etc., and superfluous negative effect and the ω 3 serial deficiency diseases of ω 6 series.
ω 6 Series P UFA exist with linoleic form in edible oil and fat such as soybean oil, peanut oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, flax wet goods; EPA among the ω 3 Series P UFA and DHA are present in the fat of abyssal fishes and some sea beasts, the at present common single vegetable oil that is rich in ω 3 Series P UFA is less, therefore, often there are the unbalance problem of composition of taking in fat in most of people's intake deficiencies, people's diet structure.The absorptivity of the grease of separate sources in human body there are differences, and therefore when the energy that calculating provides, should multiply by its corresponding absorptivity respectively with taking in fat.
The demand of human body linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid is respectively 2.4%, 0.4% of gross energy, and person in middle and old age, adult are respectively 0.5～1.2%, 0.2～0.5% of gross energy to the demand of alpha-linolenic acid.Recent study shows, the linoleic intake of human body shared ratio in gross energy surpasses 15%, and it falls the T-CHOL effect and will descend, and also easily produces MDA and causes aging.
Gamma-Linolenic acid is the linoleic acid intermediate product of metabolism in vivo, under also can oxidasic in vivo effect, generate the derivative of high 20 carbonic acid such as prostaglandin, thromboxane and leukotriene of biologically active, have physiological functions such as the vascular of adjusting obstruction, thrombus, wound healing, inflammation and allergic dermatitis.Recent study shows, the people takes in the gamma-Linolenic acid of 0.5g every day, DH-gamma-linolenic acid content in the blood plasma phosphatide is obviously increased, can make arachidonic acid content that increase is also arranged simultaneously, rather than the linoleic acid that has only that it has been generally acknowledged that could improve metabolite content in the blood of human body.
Main component in the natural oil more than 95% is a triglycerides, in addition also contains a certain amount of non-triglycerides composition, is commonly referred to as " lipides " or " fatty accompaniment ", and they also have bigger influence to the nutritive value of grease.The fat accompaniment comprises sterol, triterpene alcohol, 4-methylsterol, fatty alcohol, vitamin, hydrocarbon, flavones, carotenoid etc.Plant sterols is as the functional components of grease, and their existence can make the character of grease better.Phytosterol is difficult for being absorbed, but can reduce cholesterine level in the serum effectively, plays the effect of prevention and angiocardiopathies such as treatment hypertension, coronary heart disease; Has antiinflammatory action; Have the blocking-up carcinogenic substance and bring out the function that cancer cell forms, promote sebum secretion and the gentle moisture that keeps, to keep wetting, soft physiologically active and surface-active.Tocopherol is important nutriment, also is a kind of natural antioxidant in the grease, can increase the oxidation stability of grease, and there is positive effect the shelf-life that prolongs grease.Tocopherol has effects such as antisterility, prevention coronary heart disease and cancer; can strengthen body's immunity; neuroprotective system, skeletal muscle, retina; delay senility; keep the normal function of cardiovascular system, the performance of normal functions such as endocrine, breathing, digestive system, Genitourinary is all had in various degree useful influence.In recent years, developed countries such as the U.S., Japan more and more draw attention to it, make medicines such as various anti-aging, anti-oxidant, anti-hyperlipidemia with it, are referred to as the good merchantable brand of promoting longevity.OPC has the protection blood vessel elasticity, and the protection skin avoids ultraviolet afflicting with great suffering torment, the effects such as destruction of prevention collagenous fibres and elastomer.It is anti-oxidant, the strongest material of removing free radical ability that present occurring in nature is found, its antioxidation activity is 50 times, ascorbic 20 times of vitamin E, and it can prevent the generation of multiple disease, particularly angiocardiopathy, the energy nursing skin is anti-aging in advance simultaneously.Natural colouring matter in the grease mainly is a carrotene, and carrotene is vitamin a source, has physiology and is worth.And carrotene can absorb luminous energy, plays antioxidation.During unglazed irradiation, because its height unsaturation, and than the easier oxidation of grease, thereby grease protected.There are some researches show that simultaneously it also has the inhibition cancer cell multiplication, proposes effects such as immunity.Therefore, carrotene has dual-use function painted and that nutrition is augmented concurrently.Oryzanol is the mixture of the ferulic acid ester of triterpene alcohol and phytosterol formation, has cholesterol level and antidotal function in the blood of reduction.Long-term edible rice bran oil has the prevention cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, enhances metabolism and antidotal function.0.5% concentration oryzanol has strong antioxidant action, and its oxidation resistance is 1/10 of a vitamin E at normal temperatures; But at high temperature (160 ℃/8hr) as reality frying operation vitamin E is with decomposition failure, and oryzanol still can be brought into play effect.Effective antioxidant that the ability of the anti-oxidant and removing oxygen radical of sesamol is generally acknowledged much larger than VE, this class of Tea Polyphenols, dimer 0.01% promptly has better non-oxidizability, is one of kind that oxidation resistance is the strongest in the natural.Joining sesame oil with other grease is the stability that also can increase vitamin A in the system of base-material.Glucosidase procyanidins in the grape-kernel oil (OPC)) oxidation resistance is 50 times of VE, 20 times of VC.
The lipid nutrition equilibrium that improves human body by the edible oil approach in the diet is more convenient, though and the edible oil of single variety differs from one another, its aliphatic acid constitutes often can not satisfy balanced nutritious requirement.Linseed oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acid (alpha-linolenic acid) and contains polyphenoils such as flavones.Walnut oil is rich in ω 6 aliphatic acid (linoleic acid) and contains a considerable number of alpha-linolenic acid.Rapeseed oil is rich in oleic acid and contains a considerable number of linoleic acid.Soybean oil is rich in linoleic acid, a considerable number of oleic acid, and contains the alpha-linolenic acid and the gamma-Linolenic acid of some.Wheat-germ oil is rich in linoleic acid and bioactivators such as vitamin E, flavones.Corn oil is rich in linoleic acid and contains the various active lipides.Sesame oil is rich in linoleic plus oleic acid and contains multiple polyphenoils.Peanut oil is rich in linoleic plus oleic acid and contains multiple biologically active lipides, has oxidation stability preferably.Grape-kernel oil is rich in linoleic acid and contains oligomeric anthocyanidin multiple polyphenoils such as (OPC).Rice bran oil is rich in linoleic plus oleic acid, and contains multiple polyphenoils such as vitamin E, oryzanol, sterol.Camellia seed oil is rich in oleic acid, and contains multiple polyphenoils.Evening primrose oil is rich in linoleic acid, and contains a considerable number of gamma-Linolenic acid (belonging to ω 6 aliphatic acid) and sterol isoreactivity lipides.Sunflower oil is rich in linoleic acid, and contains polyphenoils such as beta carotene, sterol, has oxidation stability preferably.
The present invention intends utilizing multiple eating oil to be in harmonious proportion, and reaches the requirement of person in middle and old age's lipid nutrition, and its advantage is that the nutrients source is wide, processing technology is simple, and production cost is low, instant, do not contain the EPA composition, ω 3 is that PUFA and ω 6 are the reasonable mixture ratio of PUFA, makes the two by the balanced absorption of human body.Contain gamma-Linolenic acid and various active composition in the ready-mixed oil, it is healthy more to help person in middle and old age, avoids too much taking in the generation of diseases such as obesity that non-essential fatty acid easily causes, high fat of blood, thrombus.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of middle-aged and old type nutrient blend oil that contains essential fatty acid and active component.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
According to the meals arrangement of recommending in Chinese Soclety of Nutrition's " DRIs ", " Chinese residents dietary guidelines " and the relevant treatise, and China Preventive Medicial Science Institute's nutrition and health research institute " composition table of foods (National Representative value) ", calculate the fat except that edible oil that person in middle and old age's meals are taken in, and multiply by the content and the composition of the fat that absorptivity separately is absorbed afterwards.The cereal amount calculates according to wheat flour (special), rice (early the Xian mark one) half and half, other amount all partly calculates with the edible of food material, fishes and shrimps calculate according to the medium fish of oil content, shrimp half and half, poultry calculates according to chicken, duck half and half, poultry meat calculates according to pork (thin), mutton (fertilizer, thin) half and half, and milk calculates according to fresh milk, bean product calculate according to a thousand sheets (louver), and vegetables, fruit fat are ignored.The fatty result of calculation except that edible oil that person in middle and old age's meals absorb is: day uptake 36.87 grams, wherein SFA 13.92 restrains, MUFA 14.08 grams, PUFA 9.93 grams, ω 6 aliphatic acid 8.21 grams, omega-3 fatty acid 1.41 grams.
According to the recommendation of Chinese Soclety of Nutrition's " DRIs ", taking in fat mass person in middle and old age's day is 25 grams, and determine that the aliphatic acid composition satisfies SFA: MUFA: PUFA=(0.6～0.8): 1: 1, ω 6: ω 3=4: 1.The present invention intends adopting linseed oil, walnut oil, two low rapeseed oil, soybean oil, wheat-germ oil, corn oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, grape-kernel oil, rice bran oil, camellia seed oil, evening primrose oil, sunflower seeds wet goods to allocate, the aliphatic acid of each vegetable oil of determination and analysis form and the basis of active component on optimization of C, the ratio of ω 6: ω 3 reaches 4: 1 during the fatty overall merit that makes that the nutrient blend oil that obtains and other meals originate; Contain 2%～4% gamma-Linolenic acid in the nutrient blend oil, and laurate, myristic acid and palmitic acid content sum are lower than 7.5%; In addition, contain multiple physiologically active ingredient in the nutrient blend oil, do not need to add in addition antioxidant.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
With the 54.3kg linseed oil, 326.3kg two low rapeseed oils, 103.2kg soybean oil, 100kg wheat-germ oil, 100kg sesame oil, the 100kg grape-kernel oil, the 100kg rice bran oil, 116.2kg evening primrose oil is in harmonious proportion, obtain 1000kg middle-aged and old type nutrient blend oil, SFA: MUFA: PUFA=0.72 wherein: 1: 1, ω 6: the ratio of ω 3 is 4: 1, gamma-linolenic acid content is 2%, laurate, the content sum of myristic acid and palmitic acid is 8.5%, vitamin E, beta carotene, phytosterol, oryzanol, the content of general flavone and OPC is respectively 900mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 1300mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 16.7mg/kg and 7mg/kg.
Embodiment 2
With the 139.5kg linseed oil, 215.0kg two low rapeseed oils, 216.4kg soybean oil, 95.3kg wheat-germ oil, 93.4kg sesame oil, 110.3kg grape-kernel oil, 96.0kg rice bran oil, 34.3kg evening primrose oil is in harmonious proportion, obtain 1000kg middle-aged and old type nutrient blend oil, SFA: MUFA: PUFA=0.75 wherein: 1: 1, ω 6: the ratio of ω 3 is 4: 1, gamma-linolenic acid content is 2%, laurate, the content sum of myristic acid and palmitic acid is 8.5%, vitamin E, beta carotene, phytosterol, oryzanol, the content of general flavone and OPC is respectively 900mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 1300mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 19.4mg/kg and 7.7mg/kg.