CN101708568B - Explosive charging method for double vertical explosive welding of large area thin plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-vertical explosive welding charging method of a large-area thin plate. Through comprehensively applying a critical proportion testing and determining technology of an explosive, a compound plate three-dimensional comprehensive fixing technology as well as a basal and compound plate integral installation technology, the invention not only solves the problems of deforming of a large-area thin compound plate and ensures the stability and accuracy of the double-vertical explosive welding charging parameters, but also greatly enhances the operation efficiency and the standardized operation degree.

Description

Translated fromChinese

大面积薄板双立爆炸焊接装药方法Explosive charging method for double vertical explosive welding of large area thin plate

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及的是双立爆炸焊接的装药方法，属于爆炸焊接和金属复合材料综合技术领域。The invention relates to a powder charging method for Shuangli explosive welding, and belongs to the technical field of explosive welding and metal composite materials.

背景技术Background technique

爆炸焊接技术及爆炸复合材料已广泛应用于石油、化工、造船、电力、航空、航天、制盐、制碱、冶金、原子能、采掘、运输、及机械制造等各个领域之中。Explosive welding technology and explosive composite materials have been widely used in various fields such as petroleum, chemical industry, shipbuilding, electric power, aviation, aerospace, salt production, alkali production, metallurgy, atomic energy, mining, transportation, and machinery manufacturing.

2007年《爆破器材》第3期刊登了双立式爆炸焊接新方法可节省2/3炸药，并且能消减大部分爆炸冲击波对周围环境的影响。此方法的推广应用将对爆炸焊接和金属复合材料技术领域具有广阔的影响。In the third issue of "Explosive Equipment" in 2007, a new method of double-vertical explosive welding was published, which can save 2/3 of explosives, and can reduce most of the impact of explosion shock waves on the surrounding environment. The promotion and application of this method will have a broad impact on the technical fields of explosive welding and metal composite materials.

但由于双立爆炸焊接方法要求两复板垂直竖立在地基之上，而且要在其之间布设炸药。如大面积薄板(指复板厚度在2mm到4mm之间；复板长度超过1m)。进行双立爆炸焊接，复板存在弯曲挠度则复板变形较大，而大面积薄板爆炸焊接其基复板间距较小，装药量也较小即两复板之间间距较小。因此则在爆炸焊接时存在如下三个问题：But because the double vertical explosion welding method requires two double panels to be erected vertically on the foundation, and explosives will be arranged between them. Such as large-area thin panels (referring to the thickness of the composite panel between 2mm and 4mm; the length of the composite panel exceeds 1m). In double vertical explosive welding, the deformation of the doubler plates will be larger due to the bending deflection of the doubler plates. However, the distance between the base and doubler plates in the explosive welding of large-area thin plates is small, and the amount of charge is also small, that is, the distance between the two doubler plates is small. Therefore, there are the following three problems during explosive welding:

一、复板固定问题。复板变形较大，如果固定不好，则保证不了基复板之间的间距和两复板之间的间距即装药厚度。1. Fixing problem of double board. The doubler plates deform greatly. If the fixation is not good, the distance between the basic doubler plates and the distance between the two doubler plates, that is, the charge thickness, cannot be guaranteed.

二、基复板间隙安装。在平行爆炸焊接方法中，基复板间隙由基板支撑，复板盖上之后能保证基复板之间的合适间距，但在双立爆炸 焊接方法中，由于两复板垂直竖立在基础之上，间隙没有基板支撑，因此保证不了基复板之间的合理间距甚至造成焊接实效。2. The gap between the base and the composite board is installed. In the parallel explosive welding method, the gap between the base and doubler plates is supported by the base plate, and the appropriate distance between the base and doubler plates can be ensured after the doubler plates are covered, but in the double vertical explosive welding method, since the two doubler plates are vertically erected on the foundation , the gap is not supported by the base plate, so the reasonable spacing between the base plates cannot be guaranteed and even the actual welding effect is caused.

三、炸药的布设。由于两复板间距较小，布设炸药困难，而且炸药也会造成复板变形，不仅使得炸药厚度不均匀，而且也影响了基复板间距。3. Arrangement of explosives. Due to the small distance between the two doubler plates, it is difficult to lay out the explosives, and the explosives will also cause the deformation of the doubler plates, which not only makes the thickness of the explosives uneven, but also affects the distance between the base and doubler plates.

四、安装尺寸的确定。在爆炸焊接过程中，复板和装药面积要大于基板面积，才能消除爆炸焊接边界效应的影响。因此如何保证基复板和炸药的安装尺寸也是大面积薄板双立爆炸焊接成功的关键所在。Fourth, the determination of the installation size. In the explosive welding process, the doubler plate and charge area should be larger than the base plate area, so as to eliminate the influence of the explosive welding boundary effect. Therefore, how to ensure the installation size of the base cladding plate and the explosive is also the key to the success of large-area thin-plate double-standing explosive welding.

发明内容Contents of the invention

参照附图1，通过炸药临界配比的试验确定、复板三维综合固定工艺和基复板整体安装工艺，本发明保证了大面积薄复板双立爆炸焊接的成功实施，而且大大提高了作业效率和标准化作业程度。With reference to accompanying drawing 1, through the experiment determination of critical ratio of explosives, three-dimensional comprehensive fixation process of doubler plates and the overall installation process of base doubler plates, the present invention ensures the successful implementation of double-stand explosive welding of large-area thin doubler plates, and greatly improves the operational efficiency. Efficiency and standardization of operations.

1、炸药临界配比确定。1. Determine the critical ratio of explosives.

通过炸药配方优化试验，得到了爆炸焊接用乳化炸药的临界配比，此时炸药中含盐量最大，其炸药仍能起爆，但对于同材质同厚度的复板爆炸焊接时，其装药厚度必然增加，即使得两复板间距增大。以2mm复板为例，采用最大临界配比(盐含量为65％)炸药，装药厚度为4cm(而采用20#药即含盐量为20％的炸药，其装药厚度为2cm)，这样提高了两复板之间间距，易于控制炸药的厚度和炸药的布设。Through the optimization test of explosive formula, the critical proportion of emulsion explosive for explosive welding is obtained. At this time, the salt content in the explosive is the largest, and the explosive can still detonate. It will inevitably increase, that is, the distance between the two doubler plates will increase. Taking the 2mm compound board as an example, the explosive with the maximum critical ratio (salt content is 65%) is used, and the charge thickness is 4cm (while the explosive with 20# explosive, that is, the salt content is 20%, the charge thickness is 2cm), In this way, the distance between the two doubler plates is improved, and the thickness of the explosive and the layout of the explosive are easy to control.

表1乳化炸药不同配比下的布设厚度Table 1 Laying thickness of emulsion explosives with different ratios

通过优化试验，乳化炸药不同配比下的布设厚度见表1。试验证明，盐含量超过65％，则炸药出现拒爆现象。Through the optimization test, the layout thickness of emulsion explosives with different ratios is shown in Table 1. Tests have shown that if the salt content exceeds 65%, the explosive will fail to explode.

2、复板三维固定工艺。2. Three-dimensional fixing process of double board.

由于大面积薄复板弯曲挠度大，如在爆炸焊接时不能保证复板安装的稳定性，将使得基复板间距以及装药厚度都会产生很大差距而使焊接实效。本发明在复板长、宽、厚三个方向上采用三维综合固定法其具体工艺方法是：Due to the large bending deflection of the thin doubler plate, if the stability of the doubler plate installation cannot be guaranteed during explosive welding, there will be a large gap between the base doubler plate spacing and the thickness of the charge, which will make the welding effect. The present invention adopts the three-dimensional comprehensive fixing method in the three directions of the length, width and thickness of the doubler board, and its specific process method is:

(1)复板长度方向(X方向)。在两复板两端侧面分别设立两固定柱，沿复板两端钻有一排固定孔，在基复板竖立后布设炸药前用铅丝的两端分别固定在固定柱的孔上和复板的固定孔上。这样保证了复板不会产生大的弯曲挠度。(1) Doubler board length direction (X direction). Set up two fixing columns on the sides of the two ends of the doubler plates respectively, drill a row of fixing holes along the two ends of the doubler plates, and fix the two ends of the lead wires on the holes of the fixing columns and on the doubler plates respectively after the base compound plates are erected and before the explosives are laid. on the fixing hole. This ensures that the doubler plate will not produce large bending deflection.

(2)复板宽度方向(Y方向)。在基复板两端下方分别设置一固定块8。固定块上有两个固定槽，槽宽等于复板厚度，槽深等于复板和基板的宽度差。两个槽之间的距离就等于炸药的厚度，两个槽到固定块8两侧的距离等于基板厚度和基复板间距之和。这样就保证了基复板间距和装药厚度的准确度。(2) Doubler board width direction (Y direction). Afixing block 8 is arranged respectively under the two ends of the base compound board. There are two fixing grooves on the fixing block, the groove width is equal to the thickness of the doubler board, and the groove depth is equal to the width difference between the doubler board and the base plate. The distance between the two grooves is equal to the thickness of the explosive, and the distance from the two grooves to both sides of thefixed block 8 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the base plate and the distance between the base and the base plate. In this way, the accuracy of the spacing between the matrix and the thickness of the charge is guaranteed.

(3)复板厚度方向(Z方向)在基板待复合面按每隔20cm点焊一间隙，间隙的高度等于基复板间距，间隙的材料一般为复板材料。这样就保证在布设炸药时由于炸药的侧向压力造成复板的变形而影响基复板间距。(3) In the thickness direction of the doubler board (Z direction), spot weld a gap every 20cm on the surface of the substrate to be compounded. The height of the gap is equal to the distance between the base and the doubler boards. The material of the gap is generally the doubler board material. This ensures that when the explosives are laid out, the lateral pressure of the explosives causes the deformation of the doubler plates and affects the distance between the base and doubler plates.

3、基复板整体安装工艺方法。3. The overall installation process of the plywood.

为了保证双立爆炸焊接装药参数的准确度，以及节省在野外爆炸场地的作业时间，本发明对两对基复板采用整体安装工艺方法：In order to ensure the accuracy of charge parameters of Shuangli explosive welding and save the working time in the field explosion site, the present invention adopts the overall installation process method for the two pairs of base cladding plates:

在爆炸焊接之前就将基复板之间的间隙在车间内点焊在基板上，并在两端安装上固定块，在复板非焊合表面涂上黄油。为了避免在运输时破坏爆炸焊接参数的相对位置，在两组基复板之间以及两复板之间放置与间隙厚度和装药厚度相等的木条(在爆炸现场爆炸之前抽出木条即可)，最后用胶带将固定好的两组基复板密封固定。这种基复板整体式安装工艺，不仅保证了各个装药参数的准确度，而且大大节省了作业现场的作业时间，提高了爆炸焊接的标准化作业程度。Before the explosive welding, spot-weld the gap between the base and doubler plates on the base plate in the workshop, install fixing blocks at both ends, and apply butter on the non-welding surface of the doubler plates. In order to avoid destroying the relative position of the explosion welding parameters during transportation, wooden strips equal to the thickness of the gap and the thickness of the charge are placed between the two sets of base panels and between the two panels. ), and finally use adhesive tape to seal and fix the fixed two sets of plywood panels. This integral installation process of the base-composite board not only ensures the accuracy of each charging parameter, but also greatly saves the working time on the job site and improves the standardization of explosive welding.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图1是双立式爆炸焊接装置示意图。Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-vertical explosive welding device.

图中的1是A基板、2是A间隙、3是A复板、4是炸药、5是B复板、6是B间隙、7是B基板、8是固定块、9是地基。In the figure, 1 is the A base plate, 2 is the A gap, 3 is the A doubler plate, 4 is the explosive, 5 is the B doubler plate, 6 is the B gap, 7 is the B base plate, 8 is the fixed block, and 9 is the foundation.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

两对16Mn/304(2+20)×2000×6000金属板，用双立爆炸焊接法。Two pairs of 16Mn/304 (2+20) × 2000 × 6000 metal plates are welded by Shuangli explosion.

1、复板比基板宽5mm，固定块的槽深为5mm，槽宽为2mm。1. The doubler plate is 5mm wider than the base plate, the groove depth of the fixed block is 5mm, and the groove width is 2mm.

2、复板比基板长10mm，一边各留5mm，用于钻孔固定。2. The double board is 10mm longer than the base plate, and 5mm is left on each side for drilling and fixing.

3、炸药选用65#药，装药厚度为4cm，则两槽间距为4cm。3. Use 65# powder as the explosive, and the charge thickness is 4cm, so the distance between the two grooves is 4cm.

4、基复板间距为4mm，间隙采用直径为4mm不锈钢钢珠，并点焊在基板上，则两槽离固定块两侧为24mm。4. The distance between the base plate and the base plate is 4mm, and the gap is made of stainless steel balls with a diameter of 4mm, which are spot welded on the base plate, so the distance between the two grooves and the two sides of the fixed block is 24mm.

最终爆炸焊接复合率100％。The final explosive welding composite rate is 100%.

Claims (3)

1. double-vertical explosive welding charging method of large-area thin plate, it is characterized in that adopting salt content is 65% maximum critical proportion explosive; Adopt three-dimensional comprehensive fixing means on compound plate length and width, thick three directions; Two pairs of basic compound plate gaps, two ends fixed block and battens carried out integral installation before explosive welding fixes.

2. double-vertical explosive welding charging method of large-area thin plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the three-dimensional comprehensive fixing means of compound plate is to design a fixed leg respectively at length direction, fixes with galvanized wire; Design a fixed block respectively at width, fix by the holddown groove on the fixed block; Guarantee further that by basic compound plate gap compound plate can flexural deformation at thickness direction.

3. double-vertical explosive welding charging method of large-area thin plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: basic compound plate adopts the integral installation fixing means, just the point in the workshop of the gap between the basic compound plate is being welded on the substrate before the explosive welding, and install fixed block at two ends, between two groups of base compound plates and the batten that placement equates with gap thickness and charge depth between two compound plates, two groups of base compound plate sealing and fixing that will fix at last with adhesive tape.

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