CN101661111B

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Publication number: CN101661111B
Application number: CN2009101695401A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭建; 刘光鼎; 宋祁真; 罗维炳
Original assignee: BEIJING GEOPHYSICS TECHNOLOGY CO LTD; Institute of Geology and Geophysics of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Geology and Geophysics of CAS
Priority date: 2009-09-09
Filing date: 2009-09-09
Publication date: 2011-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-09
Also published as: CN101661111A

Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用短信进行地震仪控制和数据传送的方法及短信控制传送型无缆地震仪。为解决现有无缆地震仪没有实时质量控制问题，地震仪控制和数据传送方法是在现有无缆地仪采集站中引入手机单元，利用手机短信对无缆地震仪采集站进行状态控制和数据传送。地震仪的采集站由主控单元、采集单元、存储单元、GPS单元、电源管理控制单元和手机单元组成。具有能减少测量工作量，布设采集设备更加灵活简便，方便采用定时放炮同步采集模式，有利于提高施工效率，回收数据灵活，能自动生成SPS文件，自动计算厘米级精度的坐标，以非常简单廉价的方式解决了无缆地震仪没有实时质量控制难题，大大提高了无缆地震仪的使用范围和施工效率的优点。

The invention relates to a method for seismograph control and data transmission by short message and a short message control transmission type cableless seismograph. In order to solve the problem that the existing cableless seismograph does not have real-time quality control, the seismograph control and data transmission method is to introduce a mobile phone unit into the existing cableless geograph collection station, and use the mobile phone short message to perform state control and monitoring of the cableless seismograph collection station. data transmission. The acquisition station of the seismograph is composed of a main control unit, an acquisition unit, a storage unit, a GPS unit, a power management control unit and a mobile phone unit. It can reduce the measurement workload, make the layout of acquisition equipment more flexible and convenient, and facilitate the use of timing shooting synchronous acquisition mode, which is conducive to improving construction efficiency and flexible data recovery. It can automatically generate SPS files and automatically calculate centimeter-level precision coordinates, which is very simple and cheap The method solves the problem that the cable-free seismograph does not have real-time quality control, and greatly improves the use range and construction efficiency of the cable-free seismograph.

Description

Translated fromChinese

利用短信进行地震仪控制和数据传送的方法及短信控制传送型无缆地震仪Method for seismograph control and data transmission by short message and short message control transmission type cableless seismograph

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种地震仪，特别是涉及一种利用短信进行地震仪控制和数据传送的方法及短信控制传送型无缆地震仪。The invention relates to a seismograph, in particular to a method for controlling and transmitting data of the seismograph by using short messages and a cableless seismograph controlled and transmitted by short messages.

背景技术Background technique

1、地震仪器现状1. Current status of seismic instruments

高精度数字地震仪是用来记录人工或天然地震信号，然后根据这些地震信号的记录来寻找油、气、煤和其他矿产资源的地质勘探仪器，并可用于探测地球内部结构、进行工程及地质灾害预测等。High-precision digital seismograph is a geological exploration instrument used to record artificial or natural seismic signals, and then to find oil, gas, coal and other mineral resources based on the records of these seismic signals, and can be used to detect the internal structure of the earth, conduct engineering and geological Disaster prediction, etc.

地震勘探法目前仍然是在陆地和海洋勘探石油和天然气的主要手段，同时也是其他矿产资源的重要勘探方法，并广泛应用于研究地球内部结构、工程勘探和检测、地质灾害预测等方面。其基本方法是在勘探靶区的地面上埋放数千乃至上万只地震波传感器(即地震检波器)，在海上则是用海洋勘探船拖放数根1-2km长的海上漂缆(漂缆每隔数十米包裹一个地震检波器)，然后用炸药或可控震源(在陆地)或高压空气枪(在海上)激发人工地震。地震波向地下深处传播，遇到不同性质地层的分界面就会产生反射，地震检波器拾取到反射波并将其转换成模拟电信号，然后由高精度的数字地震仪把这些模拟电信号转换成数字信号记录下来。野外勘探接收到的大量数据通过室内用高速计算机进行复杂的信号处理和反演计算，才能得到清晰可靠的地下结构图像，最终确定矿产资源的位置和深度。Seismic prospecting is still the main means of exploring oil and natural gas on land and at sea, and it is also an important prospecting method for other mineral resources. It is widely used in the study of the earth's internal structure, engineering exploration and detection, and prediction of geological disasters. The basic method is to bury thousands or even tens of thousands of seismic wave sensors (i.e., geophones) on the ground of the exploration target area, and to drag and drop several 1-2km long offshore floating cables (drifting cables) at sea with ocean survey ships. The cable wraps a seismometer every tens of meters), and then uses explosives or vibrators (on land) or high-pressure air guns (on sea) to stimulate artificial earthquakes. Seismic waves propagate deep underground, and they will be reflected when encountering the interface of strata of different properties. The geophone picks up the reflected waves and converts them into analog electrical signals, and then converts these analog electrical signals by a high-precision digital seismograph. recorded as a digital signal. A large amount of data received from field exploration can only be obtained through complex signal processing and inversion calculations with high-speed computers indoors to obtain clear and reliable images of underground structures, and finally determine the location and depth of mineral resources.

用矿产资源地球物理勘探的数字地震仪按照数据传输方式可以分为三类：有线遥测地震仪、无线遥测地震仪、无缆存储式地震仪。Digital seismographs for geophysical exploration of mineral resources can be divided into three categories according to data transmission methods: wired telemetry seismographs, wireless telemetry seismographs, and cable-free storage seismographs.

有线遥测地震仪的特征是完全由有线系统发送指令和传送采集数据。在目前的野外实际应用中占有主导地位，占据世界地震仪市场的绝大部分份额，常用的有Sercel公司的408/428系列、ION公司的SystemⅣ、Scorpion和AriesⅡ系统、德国DMT公司的Summit系统、美国WestemGeco公司的Uni Q系统等。目前在我国石油和天然气勘探行业使用的仪器极大部分是从国外进口的有线遥测地震仪。Wired telemetry seismographs are characterized by entirely wired systems for sending commands and transmitting acquisition data. It occupies a dominant position in the current field practical application and occupies most of the world's seismograph market share. The commonly used ones are 408/428 series of Sercel Company, SystemⅣ, Scorpion and AriesⅡsystem of ION Company, Summit system of German DMT Company, The Uni Q system of American WestemGeco Company, etc. At present, most of the instruments used in my country's oil and gas exploration industry are wired telemetry seismometers imported from abroad.

利用无线系统发送指令和传送采集数据的仪器称为无线遥测地震仪，一般用于特殊地表条件下施工，也占有一定市场。Fairfield公司的BOX系统和Wireless Seismic公司的Wireless Seismic系统均为无线遥测数字地震仪。An instrument that uses a wireless system to send instructions and transmit and collect data is called a wireless telemetry seismograph, which is generally used for construction under special surface conditions and also occupies a certain market. Fairfield's BOX system and Wireless Seismic's Wireless Seismic system are both wireless telemetry digital seismometers.

英国Vibtech公司(已经被Sercel公司收购，发展成Unite系统)首次推出一种新型遥测地震仪系统——IT系统，命名为“蜂窝地震”采集系统。它不同于以往的无线系统，IT系统采用蜂窝无线的专利技术。遥控采集部件(Remote Acquisition Unit-RAU)和它们的“本地节点”(local node)间的通信采用无需许可证的2.4GHz ISM频段。在放炮时，IT系统采用蜂窝无线网络来遥控传感器数据到记录部件，然后再通过光缆线将地震数据送到中央记录系统。The British Vibtech company (which has been acquired by Sercel and developed into the Unite system) first introduced a new type of telemetry seismograph system - IT system, named "cellular seismic" acquisition system. It is different from the previous wireless system, IT system adopts the patent technology of cellular wireless. Communication between Remote Acquisition Units (RAU) and their "local nodes" uses the license-free 2.4GHz ISM band. During blasting, the IT system uses a cellular wireless network to remotely send sensor data to the recording unit, which then sends the seismic data to the central recording system via fiber optic cable.

无缆存储式地震仪是一种特殊类型的地震仪，其特征是：没有大线，没有地震数据传输；每个采集站接收放炮数据后自动存储，再用专门的数据回收系统把所有放炮数据从采集站中取出来；有部分仪器利用无线系统对所用的采集站发送发炮等命令，但不接收数据，不监视采集站的工作状态。The cable-free storage seismograph is a special type of seismograph, which is characterized by: no large wires, no seismic data transmission; each acquisition station automatically stores the shot data after receiving them, and then uses a special data recovery system to store all the shot data Take it out of the collection station; some instruments use the wireless system to send commands such as firing to the collection station used, but do not receive data and do not monitor the working status of the collection station.

天然地震台站的观测均采用无缆式记录系统(早期用纸剖面直接记录)，在地震勘探领域，最早的无缆系统是七十年代由Amoco公司研制的SGR(Seismic Group Recorder)，早期的SRG系统是“盲放(shoot blmd)”的，即SGR的地面单元中安装有磁带机，一旦地面单元布设后，地震数据记录在磁带上，无法知道地面单元是否工作正常。这种方法虽然不被很多人所接受，但由于他能明显提高生产效率，在巅峰时期，曾经有20个野外队装备了这种仪器。当时在“盲放”时，大约有1％的地震道会有问题，这在目前的有线系统中也是允许的。The observations at natural seismic stations all use a cableless recording system (directly recorded with paper profiles in the early days). In the field of seismic exploration, the earliest cableless system was the SGR (Seismic Group Recorder) developed by Amoco in the 1970s. The early The SRG system is "blind (shoot blmd)", that is, a tape drive is installed in the ground unit of the SGR. Once the ground unit is deployed, the seismic data is recorded on the tape, and it is impossible to know whether the ground unit is working normally. Although this method is not accepted by many people, because it can significantly improve production efficiency, at its peak, 20 field teams were equipped with this instrument. At that time, about 1% of the seismic channels would have problems during "blind play", which is also allowed in the current cable system.

美国ION公司(原I/O公司)在1999年推出了RSR(Remote Seismic Recorder)远程地震信号记录仪，能实现6个模拟检波器通道的地震数据采集。RSR系统能与ION公司的IMAGE系统兼容，二者可以组成有线无线混合采集系统。ION公司在2002年将RSR系统升级到VectorSeis SYSTEMⅣ系统的远程记录仪，称为VRSR2。VectorSeis SYSTEMⅣ中央控制系统有控制单元(称为V2)、射频天线、中央收发器和中央收发器控制器构成。V2通过射频天线与所有的VRSR2构成射频遥测系统，通过采集指令启动VRSR2采集站的数据采集，检测VRSR2的状态。与RSR的功能和结构基本相同，但不再支持模拟检波器，而是采用了三分量的MEMS数字检波器。ION Corporation (formerly I/O Corporation) of the United States launched the RSR (Remote Seismic Recorder) remote seismic signal recorder in 1999, which can realize seismic data acquisition of 6 analog geophone channels. The RSR system is compatible with ION's IMAGE system, and the two can form a wired and wireless hybrid acquisition system. In 2002, ION Company upgraded the RSR system to the remote recorder of the VectorSeis SYSTEMⅣ system, called VRSR2. The VectorSeis SYSTEMⅣ central control system consists of a control unit (called V2), a radio frequency antenna, a central transceiver and a central transceiver controller. V2 forms a radio frequency telemetry system with all VRSR2s through the radio frequency antenna, starts the data collection of the VRSR2 collection station through the collection command, and detects the state of the VRSR2. The function and structure are basically the same as RSR, but it no longer supports analog detectors, but uses three-component MEMS digital detectors.

无缆存储式地震采集站由于没有实时监视记录和常用的现场质量监控手段，所以还不能被工业界普遍接受，在我国使用也存在不符合地震作业规范等问题，到目前为止，还没有无缆存储式地震采集站在我国进行实际地震勘探作业。但由于地震勘探的精度要求使得地震仪器的道数越来越多，据国内外专家估计，随着地震勘探精度的需求，油气工业界很快就需要30000道到50000道的仪器，到2025年，也许我们需要25万道的地震采集仪器。而对于50000道以上的有线采集仪器，电缆的管理和维护是非常困难的，也需要花费大量的成本。所以目前很多专家预测无缆存储式地震采集站将是下一步地震勘探仪器的发展方向。The cableless storage seismic acquisition station has no real-time monitoring records and commonly used on-site quality monitoring methods, so it cannot be generally accepted by the industry. It also has problems such as not conforming to seismic operation specifications when used in my country. So far, there is no cableless storage station. The storage type seismic acquisition station conducts actual seismic exploration operations in my country. However, due to the precision requirements of seismic exploration, the number of seismic instruments is increasing. According to the estimation of domestic and foreign experts, with the demand for seismic exploration precision, the oil and gas industry will soon need 30,000 to 50,000-channel instruments. By 2025 , maybe we need a seismic acquisition instrument with 250,000 channels. However, for wired acquisition instruments with more than 50,000 channels, cable management and maintenance are very difficult and cost a lot. Therefore, many experts predict that the cable-free storage seismic acquisition station will be the next development direction of seismic exploration instruments.

由于无缆存储式地震仪器的研制相对比较容易，目前国内外有不少大学、研究机构和公司进行了此种地震采集站的研制工作。国内有东方地球物理公司的GPS授时地震仪、中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所的海底地震仪和金属矿勘探无缆存储式地震仪、吉林大学的无缆遥测地震仪。国外有美国ION公司的FireFly无缆地震采集系统、法国Sercel公司的Unite系统、美国Ascend Geo公司的Ultra无缆陆地地震采集系统、美国OYOGeospace公司的GSR(Geospace Seismic Recorder)系统、美国Firfield公司的Z系统、美国Seismic Source公司的Sigma系统。Because the development of cable-free storage seismic instruments is relatively easy, many universities, research institutions and companies at home and abroad have carried out the development of this type of seismic acquisition station. Domestically, there are GPS timing seismographs from Dongfang Geophysics Corporation, submarine seismographs from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, cable-free storage seismographs for metal ore exploration, and cable-free telemetry seismographs from Jilin University. Overseas, there are the FireFly cableless seismic acquisition system of the US ION company, the Unite system of the French Sercel company, the Ultra cableless land seismic acquisition system of the US Ascend Geo company, the GSR (Geospace Seismic Recorder) system of the US OYO Geospace company, and the Z System, Sigma system of American Seismic Source company.

目前，中国所有的大型地震勘探仪器均依赖于从美国、法国等发达国家进口。由于无缆存储式地震采集站还没有被我国地球物理勘探界所接受，目前还没有国内的企业采购这种地震仪。国产的无缆存储式地震仪器也处于研制阶段，还没有正式的产品问世。At present, all large-scale seismic exploration instruments in China rely on imports from developed countries such as the United States and France. Since the cable-free storage seismic acquisition station has not been accepted by my country's geophysical exploration community, there is no domestic enterprise purchasing this kind of seismograph at present. Domestic cable-free storage seismic instruments are also in the development stage, and no official products have come out yet.

2、当今无缆存储式地震仪器的不足之处2. The shortcomings of today's cable-free storage seismic instruments

常规无缆存储式地震仪主要由控制单元、采集单元、存储单元、时间同步单元和电源管理控制单元等组成。当今的无缆存储式地震仪有下列三大问题：The conventional cable-free storage seismograph is mainly composed of a control unit, an acquisition unit, a storage unit, a time synchronization unit, and a power management control unit. Today's cable-free storage seismometers suffer from three major problems:

①大部分无缆存储式地震仪的采集站不能接收控制指令实现工作状态的控制和把工作状态返回到中心站：如东方地球物理公司的GPS授时地震仪、中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所的海底地震仪和金属矿勘探无缆存储式地震仪、吉林大学的无缆遥测地震仪、法国Sercel公司的Unite系统(自主存储模式)、美国OYO Geospace公司的GSR系统、美国Firfield公司的Z系统、美国Seismic Source公司的Sigma系统(自主式采集模式)，而美国ION公司的FireFly无缆地震采集系统、美国Ascend Geo公司的Ultra无缆陆地地震采集系统和美国Seismic Source公司的Sigma系统(无线网络模式)则采用专用的无线网络实现激发同步和返回采集站的状态信息。①The acquisition stations of most cable-free storage seismographs cannot receive control instructions to realize the control of the working state and return the working state to the central station: such as the GPS timing seismograph of Dongfang Geophysics Company, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology and Geophysics Seabed seismographs and cable-free storage seismometers for metal ore exploration, cableless telemetry seismometers of Jilin University, Unite system (self-storage mode) of Sercel Company of France, GSR system of OYO Geospace Company of the United States, Z system of Firfield Company of the United States, The Sigma system (autonomous acquisition mode) of American Seismic Source Company, while the FireFly cableless seismic acquisition system of American ION Company, the Ultra cableless land seismic acquisition system of American Ascend Geo Company and the Sigma system (wireless network mode) of American Seismic Source Company ) uses a dedicated wireless network to achieve excitation synchronization and return the status information of the collection station.

②所有无缆存储式地震仪的采集站不能发送数据到中心站实现数据的实时质量控制：这是到目前为止还不能解决的难题。没有数据的实时质量控制，就不能在现场知道地震数据采集的质量，包括激发能量的强弱、采集站工作是否正常、检波器工作是否正常等。目前在野外施工中，每天可以激发几百炮记录，如果到室内回放后发现有大量的不正常工作数据，再进行补炮将花费大量人力和物力。所以，这种仪器的施工方法还没有被我国的地震勘探界所接受。② The acquisition stations of all cableless storage seismographs cannot send data to the central station to realize real-time quality control of data: this is a difficult problem that cannot be solved so far. Without real-time data quality control, it is impossible to know the quality of seismic data acquisition on site, including the strength of excitation energy, whether the acquisition station is working normally, whether the geophone is working normally, etc. At present, in field construction, hundreds of shots can be fired every day. If a large amount of abnormal working data is found after playback indoors, it will cost a lot of manpower and material resources to make up shots. Therefore, the construction method of this instrument has not been accepted by the seismic exploration circle in our country.

③采集站的GPS只用于授时同步，大部分常规存储式无缆地震采集站没有进行定位或定位精度不够：由于各采集站要进行同步数据采集，授时型GPS接收机可以提供1pps授时信号输出，可以达到RMS20nS的精度，足以满足仪器要求的同步精度。但由于GPS单点定位精度较低，一般为±10m，有SA影响时为±100m，不能满足地震勘探的精度要求。③ The GPS of the acquisition station is only used for timing synchronization, and most of the conventional storage cableless seismic acquisition stations do not perform positioning or the positioning accuracy is not enough: because each acquisition station needs to perform synchronous data acquisition, the timing GPS receiver can provide 1pps timing signal output , can reach the precision of RMS20nS, which is enough to meet the synchronization precision required by the instrument. However, due to the low accuracy of GPS single-point positioning, generally ±10m, and ±100m when affected by SA, it cannot meet the accuracy requirements of seismic exploration.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明目的在于克服现有技术上述缺陷，提供一种利用短信进行地震仪控制和数据传送的方法，本发明目的还在于提供用于实施该方法的短信控制传送型无缆地震仪。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and provide a method for seismograph control and data transmission using short messages. The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a short message control transmission type cableless seismograph for implementing the method.

为实现上述目的，本发明利用短信进行地震仪控制和数据传送的方法是在现有无缆地仪采集站中引入手机单元，利用手机短信对无缆地震仪采集站进行状态控制和数据传送。其与国内外现无缆地震仪的不同之处是引入了手机单元，以非常简单廉价的方式解决了无缆地震仪没有实时质量控制这个难题，使得无缆地震仪发生了本质的变化，大大提高了无缆地震仪的使用范围和施工效率。In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention for seismograph control and data transmission using SMS is to introduce a mobile phone unit into the existing cableless seismograph collection station, and use mobile phone text messages to perform state control and data transmission to the cableless seismograph collection station. The difference between it and the existing cable-free seismograph at home and abroad is the introduction of the mobile phone unit, which solves the problem that the cable-free seismograph has no real-time quality control in a very simple and cheap way, which makes the cable-free seismograph undergo essential changes, greatly The use range and construction efficiency of the cable-free seismograph are improved.

作为优化，由主控单元、采集单元、存储单元、GPS单元、电源管理控制单元和手机单元组成的无缆地仪采集站，通过多GPS站联合定位实现cm级定位。其是利用多GPS站联合定位技术实现厘米级定位精度。采集站需要GPS用于授时同步，授时型GPS接收机可以提供1pps授时信号输出，可以达到RMS20nS的精度，足以满足仪器要求的同步精度。由于GPS单点定位精度较低，一般为±10m，有SA影响时为±100m，而地震勘探的定位精度要求在分米级，所以用单个GPS定位不能满足要求。而本发明的优势是几十或几百平方公里的范围内，可以布设几百甚至几万个GPS站点进行测量，从而形成大型GPS站点网络，利用这个大型GPS网络进行测量误差消除后，可以达到厘米级的定位精度。总之，针对现有常规无缆存储式地震仪存在的上述三大问题，我们引入利用手机短信对无缆地震仪(存储式无缆采集站)进行状态控制和数据传送，利用多GPS站联合定位技术实现cm级定位，使得无缆存储式地震仪具有状态控制功能、数据传送功能和cm级的定位功能，实现无缆存储式地震仪的更新换代。As an optimization, the cableless geodetic acquisition station composed of main control unit, acquisition unit, storage unit, GPS unit, power management control unit and mobile phone unit realizes centimeter-level positioning through joint positioning of multiple GPS stations. It uses multi-GPS station joint positioning technology to achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy. The acquisition station needs GPS for timing synchronization. The timing GPS receiver can provide 1pps timing signal output, which can reach the accuracy of RMS20nS, which is enough to meet the synchronization accuracy required by the instrument. Due to the low accuracy of GPS single-point positioning, it is generally ±10m, and it is ±100m when affected by SA, and the positioning accuracy of seismic exploration is required to be at the decimeter level, so single GPS positioning cannot meet the requirements. The advantage of the present invention is that within the range of tens or hundreds of square kilometers, hundreds or even tens of thousands of GPS stations can be deployed for measurement, thereby forming a large-scale GPS station network. After using this large-scale GPS network to eliminate measurement errors, it can reach Centimeter-level positioning accuracy. In short, in view of the above-mentioned three major problems existing in conventional cableless storage seismographs, we introduce the use of mobile phone text messages for state control and data transmission of cableless seismometers (storage cableless acquisition stations), and use multiple GPS stations for joint positioning The technology realizes cm-level positioning, so that the cable-free storage seismograph has the function of state control, data transmission and cm-level positioning, and realizes the upgrading of the cable-free storage seismograph.

作为优化，无缆地仪采集站利用手机短信接收控制指令实现工作状态的控制和把工作状态返回到中心站，并实现采集数据的传送。As an optimization, the cableless geodetic instrument collection station uses the mobile phone SMS to receive control instructions to realize the control of the working state and return the working state to the central station, and realize the transmission of collected data.

用于实施本发明所述方法的短信控制传送型无缆地震仪是无缆地震仪的采集站包括主控单元、采集单元、存储单元、GPS单元和电源管理控制单元，其特别之处在于还包括通过短信对无缆地震仪采集站进行状态控制和数据传送的手机单元。利用手机短信完成数据传送功能一条手机短信可以发送160个字节，所以我们可以利用手机短信实现整道记录的数据或其中部分数据的发送和传送。在正式生产前的激发和接收参数试验时，需要把整道记录的数据传送到中心站，这时可以用多个短信实现整道数据的传送。在正式生产时，为了进行质量监控，则可以只用一个短信传送部分数据或只传送质量监控信息即可。The short message control transmission type cableless seismograph that is used to implement the method of the present invention is that the acquisition station of the cableless seismograph includes a main control unit, an acquisition unit, a storage unit, a GPS unit and a power management control unit, and its special feature is that It includes a mobile phone unit for state control and data transmission of the cable-free seismograph acquisition station via SMS. Use SMS to complete the data transmission function. A SMS can send 160 bytes, so we can use SMS to send and transmit the entire recorded data or part of the data. During the excitation and receiving parameter test before formal production, the data recorded in the entire track needs to be transmitted to the central station. At this time, multiple short messages can be used to realize the transmission of the entire track data. In formal production, in order to carry out quality control, only a short message can be used to transmit part of the data or only the quality control information.

作为优化，所述主控单元提供串口分别与手机单元和GPS单元连接，提供FIF0存储器接口连接采集单元，并连接存储单元；电源管理控制单元为手机单元、GPS单元、采集单元、主控单元和存储单元提供电源支持并进行供电管理；GPS单元用于授时同步，并通过多GPS站联合定位实现cm级定位；所述采集单元提供1～8通道的模拟检波器信号输入，程序设置0dB、6dB、12dB、18dB、24dB、30dB或36dB的前放增益，并实现4、2、1、0.5、或0.25的采样率。现有GPS单元是单个GPS定位，定位精度较低，一般为±10m，不能满足地震勘探的定位精度要求(分米级)。而本发明的优势是几十或几百平方公里的范围内，可以布设几百甚至几万个GPS站点进行测量，从而形成大型GPS站点网络，利用这个大型GPS网络进行测量误差消除后，可以达到厘米级的定位精度，从而满足地震勘探的定位精度要求。As optimization, the main control unit provides a serial port to be connected with the mobile phone unit and the GPS unit respectively, provides a FIFO memory interface to connect the acquisition unit, and connects the storage unit; the power management control unit is a mobile phone unit, a GPS unit, an acquisition unit, a main control unit and The storage unit provides power supply support and power supply management; the GPS unit is used for timing synchronization, and realizes cm-level positioning through joint positioning of multiple GPS stations; the acquisition unit provides 1 to 8 channels of analog detector signal input, and the program settings are 0dB and 6dB , 12dB, 18dB, 24dB, 30dB, or 36dB of preamplifier gain, and achieve a sampling rate of 4, 2, 1, 0.5, or 0.25. The existing GPS unit is a single GPS positioning, and the positioning accuracy is low, generally ±10m, which cannot meet the positioning accuracy requirements of seismic exploration (decimeter level). The advantage of the present invention is that within the range of tens or hundreds of square kilometers, hundreds or even tens of thousands of GPS stations can be deployed for measurement, thereby forming a large-scale GPS station network. After using this large-scale GPS network to eliminate measurement errors, it can reach The centimeter-level positioning accuracy meets the positioning accuracy requirements of seismic exploration.

作为优化，所述采集单元由可选择输入测试信号或模拟检波器信号的多路开关、前置放大器、Δ-∑调制解调器、连接主控单元的数字滤波器和测试信号发生器组成；多路开关选择输入来自检波器或来自测试信号发生器的信号、将输入的信号送入前置放大器放大，Δ-∑调制解调器将经前置放大器放大的模拟信号转换成数字信号，数字滤波器对转换的数字信号进行滤波处理，并将处理后的信号输入主控单元。As an optimization, the acquisition unit is composed of a multi-way switch, a preamplifier, a delta-sigma modem, a digital filter connected to the main control unit, and a test signal generator that can select an input test signal or an analog detector signal; the multi-way switch Choose to input the signal from the wave detector or from the test signal generator, and send the input signal to the preamplifier for amplification. The delta-sigma modem converts the analog signal amplified by the preamplifier into a digital signal, and the digital filter converts the converted digital signal. The signal is filtered and processed, and the processed signal is input to the main control unit.

作为优化，前置放大器为CS3301A或CS3302A型，调制解调器为CS5371A或CS5372A型，数字滤波器为CS5376A型，测试信号发生器为CS4373A型。As an optimization, the preamplifier is CS3301A or CS3302A, the modem is CS5371A or CS5372A, the digital filter is CS5376A, and the test signal generator is CS4373A.

作为优化，所述手机单元使用GSM、CDMA或3G手机芯片，并用串口与主控单元连接；GPS单元采用OEM GPS接收模块；存储单元采用8G的SD卡；所述主控单元由ARM系列CPU、SDRAM存储器、USB接口和以太网接口组成。As optimization, described mobile phone unit uses GSM, CDMA or 3G mobile phone chip, and is connected with main control unit with serial port; GPS unit adopts OEM GPS receiving module; Storage unit adopts the SD card of 8G; Described main control unit is composed of ARM series CPU, SDRAM memory, USB interface and Ethernet interface.

作为优化，手机单元利用手机短信接收控制指令实现工作状态的控制和把工作状态返回到中心站，并实现采集数据的传送，从而实现接收指令功能和返回工作状态信息功能的控制指令有：As an optimization, the mobile phone unit uses the mobile phone SMS to receive control instructions to realize the control of the working state and return the working state to the central station, and realize the transmission of collected data, so as to realize the function of receiving instructions and returning to the control instructions of the working state information function:

(1)用于开启采集站，进入记录状态，返回开机状态的开机指令：中心站发送开机指令，采集站收到开机指令后使得处于休眠状态的采集站进入记录状态，准备采集数据，并向中心站返回开机状态，说明开机成功，并返回电源状态、存储器剩余空间等信息。(1) Power-on command for turning on the collection station, entering the recording state, and returning to the power-on state: the central station sends a power-on command, and after the collection station receives the power-on command, the collection station in the dormant state enters the recording state, prepares to collect data, and sends The central station returns to the power-on state, indicating that the power-on is successful, and returns information such as the power state and the remaining space of the memory.

(2)用于使采集站进入体眠状态，等待开机指令的休眠指令：除保持CPU处于最低状态下和保持手机处于待机状态下外，关闭其他所有电路，等待开机指令。(2) Dormancy command for making the acquisition station enter the body sleep state and wait for the boot command: except keeping the CPU in the lowest state and keeping the mobile phone in the standby mode, close all other circuits and wait for the boot command.

(3)用于使采集站进入关机状态，在一定时间后自动进入休眠状态的关机指令：关机指令有时间参数T，表示除保持CPU处于待机状态下外，关闭其他所有电路，在T分钟后主动转为休眠状态，等待开机指令。(3) The shutdown command used to make the collection station enter the shutdown state and automatically enter the dormant state after a certain period of time: the shutdown command has a time parameter T, which means that except for keeping the CPU in the standby state, all other circuits are turned off, and after T minutes Actively turn to sleep state, waiting for power-on command.

(4)用于对采集站设置采集参数的采集参数设置指令：该指令对采集站设置采集参数，包括采样率、记录长度、前置放大器增益、数据存放格式等。(4) Acquisition parameter setting instruction for setting acquisition parameters for the acquisition station: this instruction sets acquisition parameters for the acquisition station, including sampling rate, record length, preamplifier gain, data storage format, etc.

(5)用于通知采集站和爆炸机进入定时同步采集状态的数据定时同步采集指令：该指令有参数T1、T2和dT，命令采集站在T1时间开始，按时间间隔dT进行数据采集，直到T2时间为止。T1、T2为年月时分秒格式的时间，dT的单位为秒，当dY＝0时，无间隔连续采集；当T1＝T2时，只采集一次。(5) The data timing synchronous collection instruction that is used to notify collection station and explosion machine to enter timing synchronous collection state: this instruction has parameter T1, T2 and dT, order collection station to start at T1 time, carry out data collection by time interval dT, until until T2 time. T1 and T2 are the time in the format of year, month, hour, minute, and second. The unit of dT is second. When dY=0, it will be collected continuously without interval; when T1=T2, it will be collected only once.

(6)用于采集站检测电源状态，并返回结果的电源状态指令，返回电源状态：中心站发送电源状态查询指令，采集站返回电源状态。当电源管理模块发现电源只能工作XXX分钟时，将自动发送电源状态到中心站，其中XXX可以事先用指令设定。(6) The power state command used for the collection station to detect the power state and return the result, return the power state: the central station sends a power state query command, and the collection station returns the power state. When the power management module finds that the power supply can only work for XXX minutes, it will automatically send the power supply status to the central station, where XXX can be set by command in advance.

(7)用于采集站检测存储器状态，并返回结果的存储器状态指令，返回存储器状态：中心站发送存储器状态查询指令，采集站返回存储器剩余空间状态。(7) A storage status instruction for the collection station to detect the memory status and return the result, return the storage status: the central station sends a storage status query command, and the collection station returns the status of the remaining space of the storage.

(8)用于采集站同步采集GPS坐标，并返回坐标的GPS采集指令，返回GPS坐标：中心站发送GPS坐标采集指令，所有采集站将同步采集GPS坐标，便于在室内进行多GPS站联合定位处理。(8) It is used for the collection station to collect GPS coordinates synchronously, and return the GPS collection command of the coordinates, and return the GPS coordinates: the central station sends the GPS coordinate collection command, and all the collection stations will collect the GPS coordinates synchronously, which is convenient for joint positioning of multiple GPS stations indoors deal with.

(9)用于采集站完成采集单元检测，返回结果的采集单元检测指令，返回采集单元状态：中心站发送采集单元检测指令，采集站收到后完成采集单元检测，并返回采集单元状态信息。(9) It is used for the collection station to complete the collection unit detection, return the collection unit detection instruction of the result, and return the collection unit status: the central station sends the collection unit detection instruction, and the collection station completes the collection unit detection after receiving it, and returns the collection unit status information.

(10)用于设置数据格式和传送数据的数据传送指令。(10) Data transfer instructions for setting data format and transferring data.

作为优化，所述数据传送指令：As an optimization, the data transfer instruction:

有参数：F(标识)，Data_Format_F(数据格式标识)，Trace_No1(起始道号)，Trace_No2(终了道号)，dNo(道号间隔)，T1(起始时间)，T2(终了时间)，dT(采样间隔)。There are parameters: F (identification), Data_Format_F (data format identification), Trace_No1 (starting track number), Trace_No2 (ending track number), dNo (trace number interval), T1 (starting time), T2 (ending time), dT (sampling interval).

F(标识)为数据传送指令标识码，由2位(用F₁F₂表示)组成：F (identification) is the identification code of the data transmission instruction, which consists of 2 bits (expressed by F₁ F₂ ):

F₁＝0表示传送已经采集的数据；F₁ =0 means to transmit the collected data;

F₁＝1表示对采集站进行设置，传送即将采集的数据；F₁ =1 means that the collection station is set and the data to be collected is transmitted;

F₂＝0表示传送整道记录的数据，此时T1和T2可以不填；F₂ ＝0 means to transmit the data recorded in the whole track, at this time T1 and T2 can be left blank;

F₂＝1表示传送记录数据中从T1到T2的数据；F₂ =1 means to transmit the data from T1 to T2 in the recorded data;

F₂＝2表示传送记录数据中的初至波部分数据，此时T1和T2可以不填。F₂ =2 means that the data of the first arrival part in the recorded data is transmitted, and T1 and T2 may not be filled at this time.

F₂＝9表示不需要把数据传送到中心站进行质量监控，这时只要传送每道记录的能量值进行质量控制即可，使用本指令，每条短信可以传送40炮记录的能量值，当正常生产并且非常顺利时可以使用本指令。F₂ ＝9 means that it is not necessary to transmit the data to the central station for quality monitoring. At this time, it is only necessary to transmit the energy value of each record for quality control. Using this command, each message can transmit the energy value of 40 shots. When This instruction can be used when the production is normal and very smooth.

Data_Format_F(数据格式标识)为传送的数据格式标识码：Data_Format_F (data format identification) is the transmitted data format identification code:

Data_Format_F＝0表示采用符号位传送数据，此时一条短信最多可以传送1280个数据。Data_Format_F=0 indicates that the data is transmitted using the sign bit, and at this time, a short message can transmit up to 1280 data.

Data_Format_F＝1表示采用1个字节传送数据，此时一条短信最多可以传送160个数据。Data_Format_F=1 means that 1 byte is used to transmit data, and a short message can transmit up to 160 data at this time.

Data_Format_F＝2表示采用2个字节传送数据，此时一条短信最多可以传送80个数据。Data_Format_F=2 means that 2 bytes are used to transmit data, and a short message can transmit up to 80 data at this time.

Data_Format_F＝3表示采用3个字节传送数据，此时一条短信最多可以传送53个数据。Data_Format_F=3 means that 3 bytes are used to transmit data, and at this time, a short message can transmit up to 53 data.

Data_Format_F＝4表示采用4个字节传送数据，此时一条短信最多可以传送40个数据。Data_Format_F=4 means that 4 bytes are used to transmit data, and at this time a short message can transmit up to 40 data.

Trace_No1和Trace_No2分别表示需要传送数据的起始记录道号和终了道号，dNo表示道号间隔。Trace_No1 and Trace_No2 represent the start record track number and the end track number of the data to be transmitted respectively, and dNo represents the track number interval.

T1，T2是以样点数分别表示的起始时间和终了时间，传送数据从第T1个样点开始，到第T2个样点为止，dT表示重采样间隔。T1 and T2 are the start time and end time represented by the number of samples respectively. The transmitted data starts from the T1th sample point to the T2th sample point, and dT represents the resampling interval.

本发明利用手机短信进行控制和数据传送的无缆地震仪的采集站由六大单元组成：主控单元、采集单元、手机单元、GPS单元、电源管理控制单元和存储单元。与国内外无缆地震仪的不同之处是引入了手机单元，这使得无缆地震仪发生了本质的变化，大大提高了无缆地震仪的使用范围和施工效率，主要优势表现在：(1)利用手机短信对无缆地震仪进行数据传送，从而可以满足地震采集数据质量实时监控的要求，这是其他无缆地震仪都没有解决的难题，本发明以非常简单廉价的方式解决了这个难题；(2)利用手机短信完成无缆地震采集站开机、关机和休眠状态的转换，并可以随时了解电源工作状态，这大大降低了电源的损耗，延长了采集站的工作时间；(3)利用手机短信完成地震数据的同步采集，大大提高采集的灵活性和效率；(4)利用手机短信完成GPS数据的同步采集，便于在室内进行多GPS站联合定位处理，并且可以随时知道采集站的位置，便于查找；(5)利用手机短信进行采集站工作状态监测和设置，随时了解采集站的工作状态；(6)利用手机短信可以利用商业网络进行工作，这时，原则上可以把中心站设置在世界上的任何地方进行控制和操作。也可以租用商业部门的车载移动基站或建立自己的专用移动基站以方便管理、提高效率和节约成本。The acquisition station of the cable-free seismograph for control and data transmission by mobile phone short messages is composed of six major units: a main control unit, an acquisition unit, a mobile phone unit, a GPS unit, a power management control unit and a storage unit. The difference with the cableless seismograph at home and abroad is the introduction of the mobile phone unit, which makes the essential change of the cableless seismograph and greatly improves the use range and construction efficiency of the cableless seismograph. The main advantages are as follows: (1 ) Utilize mobile phone short message to carry out data transmission to cableless seismograph, thereby can satisfy the requirement of real-time monitoring of seismic acquisition data quality, this is a difficult problem that other cableless seismographs do not solve, the present invention solves this difficult problem in a very simple and cheap way (2) use mobile phone text messages to complete the conversion of the cable-free seismic acquisition station on, off and dormant states, and can know the power supply working status at any time, which greatly reduces the loss of power supply and prolongs the working time of the acquisition station; (3) utilizes The synchronous collection of seismic data by mobile phone text messages greatly improves the flexibility and efficiency of collection; (4) The synchronous collection of GPS data is completed by mobile phone text messages, which is convenient for joint positioning processing of multiple GPS stations indoors, and the location of the collection station can be known at any time , easy to find; (5) Use SMS to monitor and set the working status of the collection station, and know the working status of the collection station at any time; (6) Use the SMS to use the commercial network to work. At this time, in principle, the central station can be set Control and operate from anywhere in the world. It is also possible to rent the vehicle-mounted mobile base station of the commercial sector or build its own dedicated mobile base station to facilitate management, improve efficiency and save costs.

采用上述技术方案后，本发明利用短信进行地震仪控制和数据传送的方法及短信控制传送型无缆地震仪与现有无缆地震仪技术相比具有显著的地震勘探施工流程优势，能适用更加灵活的观测系统设计方法，在试验阶段可以传送所有或部分采集数据，进行实时数据分析；具有能减少测量工作量，布设采集设备更加灵活简便，方便采用定时放炮同步采集模式，有利于提高施工效率，回收数据灵活，能自动生成SPS文件，自动计算厘米级精度的坐标，以非常简单廉价的方式解决了无缆地震仪没有实时质量控制难题，大大提高了无缆地震仪的使用范围和施工效率的优点。After adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention utilizes short messages to carry out seismograph control and data transmission methods and short message control transmission type cableless seismographs. The flexible observation system design method can transmit all or part of the collected data during the test stage for real-time data analysis; it can reduce the measurement workload, make the layout of the collection equipment more flexible and convenient, and facilitate the use of the timing shooting synchronous collection mode, which is conducive to improving construction efficiency , flexible data recovery, can automatically generate SPS files, automatically calculate centimeter-level precision coordinates, solve the problem of no real-time quality control for cable-free seismographs in a very simple and cheap way, and greatly improve the use range and construction efficiency of cable-free seismographs The advantages.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明短信控制传送型无缆地震仪采集站的电路原理图；Fig. 1 is the circuit schematic diagram of the short message control transmission type cableless seismograph acquisition station of the present invention;

图2是发明短信控制传送型无缆地震仪采集站中采集单元的电路原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the acquisition unit in the inventive short message control transmission type cableless seismograph acquisition station.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明利用短信进行地震仪控制和数据传送的方法是在现有无缆地仪采集站中引入手机单元，利用手机短信对无缆地震仪采集站进行状态控制和数据传送。由主控单元、采集单元、存储单元、GPS单元、电源管理控制单元和手机单元组成的无缆地仪采集站，还通过多GPS站联合定位实现cm级定位。无缆地仪采集站利用手机短信接收来自中心站的控制指令实现工作状态的控制和把工作状态返回到中心站，并实现采集数据向中心站传送。The method of the present invention for seismograph control and data transmission using short messages is to introduce a mobile phone unit into the existing cable-free geograph collection station, and use mobile phone short messages to perform state control and data transmission to the cable-free seismograph collection station. The cableless geodetic acquisition station is composed of main control unit, acquisition unit, storage unit, GPS unit, power management control unit and mobile phone unit, and realizes centimeter-level positioning through joint positioning of multiple GPS stations. The cableless geodetic collection station uses SMS to receive control instructions from the central station to control the working state and return the working state to the central station, and realize the transmission of collected data to the central station.

如图所示，用于实施本发明方法的短信控制传送型无缆地震仪是无缆地震仪采集站由主控单元4、采集单元3、存储单元1、GPS单元2和电源管理控制单元5和通过短信对无缆地震仪采集站进行状态控制和数据传送的手机单元6组成。也就是利用手机短信进行控制和数据传送的无缆地震仪采集站以非常简单廉价的方式解决了无缆地震仪没有实时质量控制这个难题，使得无缆地震仪的特性发生了本质的变化，大大提高了无缆地震仪的使用范围和施工效率。As shown in the figure, the short message control transmission type non-cable seismograph for implementing the method of the present invention is that the non-cable seismograph acquisition station consists of amain control unit 4, an acquisition unit 3, a storage unit 1, a GPS unit 2 and a power management control unit 5 It is composed of a mobile phone unit 6 for state control and data transmission of the cable-free seismograph acquisition station through short messages. That is to say, the cable-free seismograph collection station that uses mobile phone text messages for control and data transmission solves the problem that the cable-free seismograph has no real-time quality control in a very simple and cheap way, which makes the characteristics of the cable-free seismograph substantially changed. The use range and construction efficiency of the cable-free seismograph are improved.

主控单元可以由ARM系列CPU(根据不同的道数采用不同功能的型号，在单站单道时可以用C51CPU，原则是够用就行以降低功耗)、SDRAM存储器、USB接口和以太网接口等组成。还提供串口分别与手机单元和GPS单元连接，提供FIFO存储器接口连接采集单元，并连接存储单元。GPS单元用于授时同步，并通过多GPS站联合定位实现cm级定位；所述采集单元提供1～8通道的模拟检波器信号输入，程序设置0dB、6dB、12dB、18dB、24dB、30dB或36dB的前放增益，并实现4、2、1、0.5、或0.25的采样率。电源管理控制单元的功能是：把12V的电池电压转换为5V，3.3V，2.7V，1.8V等供给主控单元、采集单元、GPS单元、手机单元和存储单元；随时根据主控模块的指令关闭和开启各单元的供电；检测电源剩余容量并及时报警。存储单元选用8G的SD卡。The main control unit can be composed of ARM series CPU (models with different functions according to different channel numbers, C51CPU can be used for single station and single channel, the principle is enough to reduce power consumption), SDRAM memory, USB interface and Ethernet interface and so on. A serial port is also provided to connect with the mobile phone unit and the GPS unit respectively, and a FIFO memory interface is provided to connect to the acquisition unit and to connect to the storage unit. The GPS unit is used for timing synchronization, and realizes cm-level positioning through joint positioning of multiple GPS stations; the acquisition unit provides 1 to 8 channels of analog detector signal input, and the program is set to 0dB, 6dB, 12dB, 18dB, 24dB, 30dB or 36dB preamplifier gain and achieve sample rates of 4, 2, 1, 0.5, or 0.25. The function of the power management control unit is: to convert the 12V battery voltage to 5V, 3.3V, 2.7V, 1.8V, etc. to supply the main control unit, acquisition unit, GPS unit, mobile phone unit and storage unit; at any time according to the instructions of the main control module Turn off and on the power supply of each unit; detect the remaining capacity of the power supply and give an alarm in time. The storage unit is an 8G SD card.

所述采集单元由可选择输入测试信号或模拟检波器信号的多路开关31、CS3301A或CS3302A型前置放大器32、CS5371A或CS5372A型Δ-∑调制解调器33、连接主控单元4的CS5376A型数字滤波器34和CS4373A型测试信号发生器35组成；多路开关31选择输入来自检波器7或来自测试信号发生器35的信号、将输入的信号送入前置放大器32放大，Δ-∑调制解调器33将经前置放大器32放大的模拟信号转换成数字信号，数字滤波器34对转换的数字信号进行滤波处理，并将处理后的信号输入主控单元4。前置放大器采用Cirrus Logic公司的CS3301A时适用于动圈式检波器，采用CS3302A时适用于水听器，可以程序设置0dB、6dB、12dB、18dB、24dB、30dB或36dB的前放增益。The acquisition unit is composed of amulti-way switch 31 that can optionally input a test signal or an analog detector signal, a CS3301A orCS3302A type preamplifier 32, a CS5371A or CS5372A type delta-sigma modem 33, a CS5376A type digital filter connected to themain control unit 4 34 and CS4373A typetest signal generator 35;multi-way switch 31 selects the input signal from thedetector 7 or from thetest signal generator 35, the input signal is sent to thepreamplifier 32 for amplification, and the delta-sigma modem 33 will The analog signal amplified by thepreamplifier 32 is converted into a digital signal, and thedigital filter 34 filters the converted digital signal, and inputs the processed signal into themain control unit 4 . The preamplifier adopts Cirrus Logic’s CS3301A, which is suitable for dynamic detectors, and CS3302A, which is suitable for hydrophones. The preamplifier gain of 0dB, 6dB, 12dB, 18dB, 24dB, 30dB or 36dB can be set by program.

Δ-∑调制器采用Cirrus Logic公司的CS5371A(单通道)或CS5372A(双通道)，数字滤波器则选用CS5376A。CS5371A/CS5372A和CS5376A是Cirrus Logic公司专为地球物理勘探而设计的AD转换套片，二者组合可以实现24位模数转换，并提供4、2、1、0.5、或0.25的采样率。2片CS5372A或4片CS5371A和1片CS5376可以实现4通道的模拟地震信号数据采集。The delta-sigma modulator uses Cirrus Logic's CS5371A (single channel) or CS5372A (dual channel), and the digital filter uses CS5376A. CS5371A/CS5372A and CS5376A are AD conversion kits specially designed by Cirrus Logic for geophysical exploration. The combination of the two can realize 24-bit analog-to-digital conversion and provide sampling rates of 4, 2, 1, 0.5, or 0.25. 2 pieces of CS5372A or 4 pieces of CS5371A and 1 piece of CS5376 can realize 4-channel analog seismic signal data acquisition.

所述手机单元使用GSM、CDMA或3G手机芯片，并用串口与主控单元连接，关闭除手机短信以外的所有功能，能降低运行成本和能耗；存储单元采用8G的SD卡。GPS单元可以选用Fastrax公司IT03OEM GPS接收模块，特点是尺寸小(22x23x2.7mm)、功耗超低(＜95mW@2.7V)、灵敏度非常高(-156dBm(跟踪))、精确的1PPS授时信号输出可以达到RMS20nS的精度和价格低廉。The mobile phone unit uses GSM, CDMA or 3G mobile phone chips, and is connected with the main control unit with a serial port, and closes all functions except mobile phone short messages, which can reduce operating costs and energy consumption; the storage unit adopts an 8G SD card. The GPS unit can choose IT03OEM GPS receiving module from Fastrax Company, which is characterized by small size (22x23x2.7mm), ultra-low power consumption (<95mW@2.7V), very high sensitivity (-156dBm (tracking)), and accurate 1PPS timing signal output Can achieve RMS20nS accuracy and low price.

手机单元利用手机短信接收控制指令实现工作状态的控制和把工作状态返回到中心站，并实现采集数据的传送，从而实现接收指令功能和返回工作状态信息功能的控制指令有：The mobile phone unit uses the mobile phone SMS to receive control instructions to realize the control of the working state and return the working state to the central station, and realize the transmission of collected data, so as to realize the function of receiving instructions and returning to the function of working state information. The control instructions include:

1)用于开启采集站，进入记录状态，返回开机状态的开机指令；1) The start-up command used to start the collection station, enter the recording state, and return to the start-up state;

2)用于使采集站进入休眠状态，等待开机指令的休眠指令；2) A dormant command for making the collection station enter a dormant state and wait for a power-on command;

3)用于使采集站进入关机状态，在一定时间后自动进入休眠状态的关机指令；3) A shutdown command used to make the collection station enter a shutdown state and automatically enter a dormant state after a certain period of time;

4)用于对采集站设置采集参数的采集参数设置指令；4) a collection parameter setting instruction for setting collection parameters at the collection station;

5)用于通知采集站和爆炸机进入定时同步采集状态的数据定时同步采集指令；5) A data timing synchronous acquisition instruction for notifying the acquisition station and the explosive machine to enter the timing synchronous acquisition state;

6)用于采集站检测电源状态，并返回结果的电源状态指令；6) It is used for the collection station to detect the power state and return the power state command of the result;

7)用于采集站检测存储器状态，并返回结果的存储器状态指令；7) It is used for the acquisition station to detect the memory state and return the memory state instruction of the result;

8)用于采集站同步采集GPS坐标，并返回坐标的GPS采集指令；8) It is used for the collection station to collect GPS coordinates synchronously and return the GPS collection instructions of the coordinates;

9)用于采集站完成采集单元检测，返回结果的采集单元检测指令；9) It is used for the collection station to complete the collection unit detection and return the collection unit detection instruction of the result;

10)用于设置数据格式和传送数据的数据传送指令。10) Data transfer instructions for setting data format and transferring data.

所述数据传送指令：The data transfer instruction:

有参数：F(标识)，Data_Format_F(数据格式标识)，Trace_No1(起始道号)，Traee_No2(终了道号)，dNo(道号间隔)，T1(起始时间)，T2(终了时间)，dT(采样间隔)。There are parameters: F (logo), Data_Format_F (data format logo), Trace_No1 (start track number), Traee_No2 (end track number), dNo (trace number interval), T1 (start time), T2 (end time), dT (sampling interval).

本发明无缆地震仪施工流程(以炸药激发地震勘探为例)：The construction process of the cableless seismograph of the present invention (taking explosives to stimulate seismic exploration as an example):

在决定某一区块需要进行地震勘探后，常规流程是：①根据地质要求先进行观测系统设计；②对激发和接收因素进行试验，确定最佳方案；③进行测量工作，把所有检波器和炮点位置用木桩和小旗做好标记；④布设采集设备；⑤放炮激发采集数据；⑥数据处理和分析。施工流程如下：After it is decided that a certain block needs seismic exploration, the routine process is: ① firstly design the observation system according to the geological requirements; ② test the excitation and receiving factors to determine the best plan; Mark the position of the shot point with wooden stakes and small flags; ④ Arrange collection equipment; The construction process is as follows:

(1)根据地质要求先进行观测系统设计：由于无缆地震采集站没有笨重的电缆，总体重量大大减轻，而且没有电缆长度的限制，使得地震勘探观测系统的设计更加灵活。(1) Design the observation system first according to geological requirements: Since the cableless seismic acquisition station does not have bulky cables, the overall weight is greatly reduced, and there is no limit to the length of the cables, making the design of the seismic exploration observation system more flexible.

(2)对激发和接收因素进行试验，确定最佳方案：在实际施工中，需要激发几十甚至上百炮确定激发药量、激发井深等激发因素和检波器组合方式和埋置方式等接收因素。特点是每次激发间隔较大，有充裕时间进行数据收集。这时可以用短信按需要把所有或部分采集数据发送到中心站，便于进行实时数据分析。(2) Test the excitation and reception factors to determine the best plan: In actual construction, it is necessary to activate dozens or even hundreds of shots to determine the excitation dose, excitation well depth and other excitation factors, as well as receiver combination and embedding methods. factor. The characteristic is that the interval between each excitation is large, and there is sufficient time for data collection. At this time, all or part of the collected data can be sent to the central station by SMS as needed, which is convenient for real-time data analysis.

(3)测量工作：与常规地震勘探不同之处是无需把所有检波器和炮点位置用木桩和小旗做标记，只需要对控制点做标记，大部分点可以借助普通GPS进行定位，或利用控制点进行目测定位即可，精确的坐标可由采集站中的GPS确定，这将大大降低测量成本，减少工作量，提高工作效率。(3) Survey work: The difference from conventional seismic exploration is that it is not necessary to mark all geophones and shot points with stakes and small flags, but only need to mark the control points, and most points can be positioned with the help of ordinary GPS. Or use the control points for visual positioning, and the precise coordinates can be determined by the GPS in the collection station, which will greatly reduce the cost of measurement, reduce the workload, and improve work efficiency.

(4)布设采集设备：由于无缆地震采集站没有笨重电缆的限制，采集站的布设就非常简单。布设后按启动开关打开电源；采集站进行自检和GPS定位；向中心站发送自检结果和坐标信息(向中心站报到)；中心站发关机指令使采集站进入关机状态，关机结束时间设定在预计布设完所有采集站的时间；所有采集站在设定的时间同时进入休眠状态，等待开机指令。(4) Layout of acquisition equipment: Since the cableless seismic acquisition station does not have the limitation of bulky cables, the arrangement of the acquisition station is very simple. After deployment, press the start switch to turn on the power; the collection station performs self-inspection and GPS positioning; sends self-inspection results and coordinate information to the central station (report to the central station); the central station sends a shutdown command to make the collection station enter the shutdown state, and the shutdown end time is set It is set at the time when all collection stations are expected to be deployed; all collection stations enter the dormant state at the set time at the same time, waiting for the start-up command.

(5)放炮激发采集数据；一旦所有采集站布设完成后(当然炸药激发等其他准备工作均已经就绪)，先发送数据传送指令，设定数据传送方式；然后发送数据定时同步采集指令进行定时启动放炮，按同步时间记录数据，大大提高施工效率。(5) Shooting to stimulate data collection; once all the collection stations are laid out (of course other preparations such as explosive excitation are ready), first send the data transmission command and set the data transmission mode; then send the data timing synchronous collection command for timing start Shoot and record data according to the synchronous time, which greatly improves the construction efficiency.

(6)回收数据：当存储器充满数据后，需要把采集站放到中心站进行数据回收，可以采用USB接口或网络接口与中心站服务器连接完成数据回收，然后进行数据编排，计算GPS网络系统高精度坐标，生成SPS文件。(6) Data recovery: When the memory is full of data, the collection station needs to be placed in the central station for data recovery. You can use the USB interface or network interface to connect to the central station server to complete the data recovery, and then arrange the data and calculate the GPS network system height. Accurate coordinates, generate SPS files.

(7)数据处理和分析：采用与常规处理一样的数据处理和分析方法。(7) Data processing and analysis: adopt the same data processing and analysis methods as conventional processing.

总之，本发明装置可用于人工和天然地震信号采集，由六大单元组成。即主控单元、采集单元、手机单元、GPS单元、电源管理控制单元和存储单元。与国内外无缆地震仪的不同之处是引入了手机单元，以非常简单廉价的方式解决了无缆地震仪没有实时质量控制这个难题，使得无缆地震仪发生了本质的变化，大大提高了无缆地震仪的使用范围和施工效率。利用手机短信对无缆地震仪(存储式无缆采集站)进行控制和数据传输，利用多GPS站联合定位技术实现厘米级定位，解决了常规存储式无缆地震仪存在的问题：①采集站不能接收控制指令实现工作状态的控制；②采集站不能发送数据到中心站实现数据的实时质量控制；③采集站的GPS只用于授时同步，大部分常规存储式无缆地震采集站没有进行定位或定位精度不够。In a word, the device of the present invention can be used for artificial and natural seismic signal acquisition, and is composed of six major units. That is, the main control unit, acquisition unit, mobile phone unit, GPS unit, power management control unit and storage unit. The difference from domestic and foreign cable-free seismographs is the introduction of the mobile phone unit, which solves the problem of no real-time quality control for cable-free seismographs in a very simple and cheap way, making cable-free seismographs undergo essential changes and greatly improving The range of use and construction efficiency of the cableless seismograph. Use mobile phone text messages to control and transmit data to the cableless seismograph (storage cableless acquisition station), and use multi-GPS station joint positioning technology to achieve centimeter-level positioning, which solves the problems existing in conventional storage cableless seismometers: ① Acquisition station Cannot receive control commands to realize the control of the working state; ②The acquisition station cannot send data to the central station to realize real-time quality control of the data; ③The GPS of the acquisition station is only used for timing synchronization, and most conventional storage cableless seismic acquisition stations do not perform positioning Or the positioning accuracy is not enough.