CN101491442B - Affair-relative light signal collection analysis system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for acquiring and analyzing event-related optical signals and a lie detecting method, and relates to recognition technology and a recognition method for honesty and cheat of a litigant in national security, public security, justice and civil dispute. The invention provides a lie detecting method using EROS by overcoming the defects of the prior lie detecting technology and products, absorbing the experiences of the prior lie detecting technology and the products, and also absorbing latest theory and technological achievement of the contemporary cognitive neuroscience and photoelectric technology. The system consists of a photoconductive cap, a near infrared laser, a scattered light signal acquisition control system, event-related optical signal processing software and lie detecting software, and plays a main role in acquiring objective data that whether a testee is honest to respond to detecting stimulation.

Description

Translated fromChinese

事件相关光信号采集分析系统Event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种事件相关光信号(Event-Related Optical Signal，EROS)采集分析系统及其测谎方法，特别涉及国家安全、公安、司法以及民事纠纷中当事人的诚实与欺骗行为的识别技术与辨识方法。 The present invention relates to an event-related optical signal (Event-Related Optical Signal, EROS) acquisition and analysis system and its lie detection method, in particular to national security, public security, justice, and identification technology and identification of parties' honesty and deception in civil disputes method. the

背景技术Background technique

二十世纪初，作为生理学和医学基础研究的一种方法，记录血压、呼吸和皮肤电变化的多导生理记录技术问世，很快被用于测谎，经过近百年的沿用，在常识和经验的基础上发展为至今广泛应用于世界许多国家中的传统测谎技术。传统测谎技术基于人们说谎时常伴随心跳、脸红和出汗的常识，通过警察审讯经验对被测人进行审讯式提问，同时利用多导生理记录仪(Polygraph)进行记录。对每个问句要求被测试人只回答“是”或“否”，并由主试在仪器上标记出问句和回答的时间标记以及答题的性质，事后分析每个问句结束和回答时刻后的皮肤电反应(5-10秒内)、呼吸、指脉和血压(2-3秒内)等自主神经系统功能的变化。比较探测问题、无关问题和准绳问题引起的这些生理参数的变化程度，就会得出说谎还是诚实的结论。这种测谎技术已经被应用了近百年，随着电子技术的发展，仪器的技术水平不断提高，直至最近十多年，发展出计算机控制的测谎仪和自动评分系统，使传统测谎方法获得了现代科学的外表形式；然而，测谎的原理却停留在常识和经验的基础上，百年不变。2001年美国能源部建议下，美国国家科学院(National Academy ofScience，NAS)组织一个专家组，对传统测谎技术的科学性进行了考察。期间美国遭遇震撼世界的恐怖袭击，世界各国普遍重视反恐技术的发展，使测谎问题变成公众关注的焦点。在此背景下，2002年11月该专家组向美国政府提交了一份长达数百页的调查报告，并于2003年初公开发表，对传统测谎技术持否定态度。依申请人的看法，传统测谎技术中，审讯式的提问，句子长短不一，语气不同，由主试替代被试按反应键，对测试数据不进行精细数学分析和显著性检验等，都不符合心理学实验的科学标准。当代生理学和心理学以及某些临床医学的诊断结论中使用的统计分析、信号检测、判别分析和自举分析以及证据科学中的D-S证据决 策分析等，对测谎都是可以借鉴的分析方法。可惜传统测谎技术，只关注自身的办案经验和编题方法，对反应曲线的分析主要依靠直观判断。 At the beginning of the 20th century, as a method of basic research in physiology and medicine, the multi-conductor physiological recording technology for recording changes in blood pressure, respiration and skin electricity came out, and was soon used for lie detection. After nearly a hundred years of use, common sense and experience Based on the development of the traditional polygraph technology widely used in many countries in the world. Traditional polygraph technology is based on the common sense that people tell lies often accompanied by heartbeat, blushing and sweating. Through the police interrogation experience, the testees are asked interrogation questions, and polygraphs are used to record them. For each question, the testee is required to answer only "yes" or "no", and the main examiner marks the time mark of the question and answer and the nature of the answer on the instrument, and analyzes the end of each question and the moment of answer afterwards Changes in autonomic nervous system functions such as skin galvanic response (within 5-10 seconds), respiration, finger pulse and blood pressure (within 2-3 seconds). Comparing the degree of change in these physiological parameters caused by probe questions, irrelevant questions, and criterion questions leads to a conclusion about lying or honesty. This polygraph technology has been used for nearly a hundred years. With the development of electronic technology, the technical level of instruments has been continuously improved. Until the last ten years, computer-controlled polygraphs and automatic scoring systems have been developed, making traditional polygraph methods Obtained the appearance form of modern science; however, the principle of lie detection stays on the basis of common sense and experience, unchanged for a hundred years. In 2001, under the suggestion of the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Academy of Sciences (National Academy of Science, NAS) organized an expert group to investigate the scientific nature of traditional polygraph technology. During this period, the United States suffered a terrorist attack that shocked the world, and countries all over the world generally attached importance to the development of anti-terrorism technology, which made the polygraph issue become the focus of public attention. In this context, in November 2002, the expert group submitted a hundreds of pages of investigation report to the US government, and published it publicly in early 2003, holding a negative attitude towards traditional polygraph technology. According to the applicant's opinion, in the traditional polygraph technology, interrogation-style questions, sentences of different lengths and tones are different, the main tester replaces the subject to press the response button, and the test data is not subjected to fine mathematical analysis and significance testing. Does not meet the scientific standards for a psychological experiment. The statistical analysis, signal detection, discriminant analysis and bootstrapping analysis used in the diagnostic conclusions of contemporary physiology and psychology and some clinical medicine, as well as the D-S evidence decision analysis in evidence science, etc., are all analytical methods that can be used for reference in polygraph detection. . It is a pity that the traditional polygraph technology only pays attention to one's own experience in handling cases and the method of writing questions, and the analysis of the response curve mainly relies on intuitive judgment. the

这个专家组在科学界的权威性很高，虽然他们的报告认为传统测谎技术缺乏科学基础，并且测定结果略高于随机水平，不赞成美国政府支持这种技术；但是，2002年11月5日美国国防部助理秘书John P.Stenbit向参议院五角大楼办公室提交一项备忘录，明确表示仍继续支持这种技术的应用，因为这对相关部门的工作很重要，美国能源部也表示了同样态度。这说明测谎技术具有很强的社会需求；而且上述报告也对测谎的替代技术进行了分析和展望，认为相关的替代技术存在很好的发展前景。 This expert group is very authoritative in the scientific community. Although their report believes that the traditional polygraph technology lacks scientific basis, and the measurement results are slightly higher than the random level, they do not approve of the US government supporting this technology; however, on November 5, 2002 John P. Stenbit, Assistant Secretary of the US Department of Defense submitted a memorandum to the Pentagon Office of the Senate, clearly stating that it will continue to support the application of this technology because it is very important to the work of related departments, and the US Department of Energy also expressed the same attitude. This shows that polygraph technology has a strong social demand; and the above report also analyzes and looks forward to the alternative technology of polygraph, and believes that the relevant alternative technology has a good development prospect. the

根据脑成像的实验研究和基础理论文献，我们认为说谎过程中被试出现三类心理活动：认知、情感和执行过程，这些活动全是脑功能的活动；但其中大脑内侧前额叶、扣带回、杏仁核等脑部结构的活动最为关键。这些脑回路有特定时序性的电生理活动或代谢活动变化。测谎技术的目标就是要瞄准这些脑结构的生理参数，获取和分析与这些脑回路的生理和代谢活动相关的光电信号。在测谎过程中，被测人通过认知活动把握测谎环境、人物和自己的角色以及面临的形势；伴随认知过程必然产生情绪反应，并在内心出现动机冲突，形成总体应付对策；测谎时，被试面对眼前呈现的语音或图像刺激，通过认知-情感活动产生决策，做出执行反应。在执行反应中既有应付对策和决策的长时记忆功能，又有对眼前刺激做出反应的工作记忆的参与。虽然有举不胜数的说谎情节，但在说谎所伴随的这些复杂心理活动中，最为核心的环节是强烈动机支持的反常执行功能和对执行过程的超常监控。这个核心环节是耗费心理资源的意识活动，必然需要较多的脑代谢和生理能量所支持。本发明立足于现代前沿科学水平上，既吸收当代认知神经科学对脑功能的新理论又吸收近红外光成像技术成果，发展出事件相关光信号采集分析系统及其测谎方法。 According to the experimental research of brain imaging and the basic theoretical literature, we believe that there are three types of mental activities in the subjects during the lying process: cognition, emotion and executive process. These activities are all brain function activities; The activity of brain structures such as the gyrus and amygdala is the most critical. These brain circuits have specific temporal changes in electrophysiological or metabolic activity. The goal of lie detection technology is to target the physiological parameters of these brain structures, to acquire and analyze the photoelectric signals related to the physiological and metabolic activities of these brain circuits. During the process of polygraph detection, the subject grasps the polygraph environment, characters, his own role and the situation he faces through cognitive activities; along with the cognitive process, emotional reactions will inevitably occur, and motivational conflicts will appear in his heart, forming an overall coping strategy; When lying, subjects face the speech or image stimuli presented in front of them, generate decisions through cognitive-emotional activities, and make executive responses. In the executive response, both the long-term memory function of coping strategies and decision-making and the working memory function of responding to immediate stimuli are involved. Although there are innumerable cases of lying, among the complex psychological activities accompanied by lying, the core link is the abnormal executive function supported by strong motivation and the supernormal monitoring of the executive process. This core link is a conscious activity that consumes psychological resources, and it must be supported by more brain metabolism and physiological energy. Based on the modern cutting-edge scientific level, the present invention not only absorbs the new theory of contemporary cognitive neuroscience on brain function, but also absorbs the achievements of near-infrared imaging technology, and develops an event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system and its lie detection method. the

由于近红外成像技术的造价和测试条件与功能性磁共振技术相比，具有很大优越性，而且测试脑功能的生理参数是含氧与去氧血红蛋白的分布，又接近功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)所测的血氧含量相关的信号(BOLD)，所以在国际学术领域中特别重视近红外成像技术的发展，出现了许多基础实验研究。Gratton等1995年发现了脑的快速光信号。大约在视觉刺激的事件发生后0.1-0.3秒时间窗内，被试的枕部出现了散射光信号，可能与脑细胞兴奋过程中钾、钠、钙离子在细胞膜内外分布的变化有关。2006年Low等人又发现利用听觉刺激Oddball实验范式，小 概率呈现的刺激可在主动反应的被试右额中回，记录到潜伏期0.35秒的正向事件相关光信号(EROS)；而在被动反应的被试左内侧额叶诱发出潜伏期0.13秒的负向EROS。这一结果与事件相关电位的变化十分相似。脑事件相关电位研究领域中，已有许多研究报告利用Oddball实验范式测谎，因此，我们引用EROS技术测谎。与脑事件相关电位测谎相比，它的优点是既有相同的时间分辨率又有更好的空间分辨率(不超过1厘米，相比之下事件相关电位的空间分辨率2.0cm以上)。此外，它很适用于前额区的测试，所以特别符合测谎的要求。因为无论是说谎的认知成份，还是情感成份，乃至执行控制或监控成分，都有前额叶皮层及附近的脑结构参与。 Compared with functional magnetic resonance technology, the cost and test conditions of near-infrared imaging technology have great advantages, and the physiological parameter of testing brain function is the distribution of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, which is close to functional magnetic resonance imaging ( The signal (BOLD) related to blood oxygen content measured by fMRI), so in the international academic field, special attention is paid to the development of near-infrared imaging technology, and many basic experimental studies have appeared. In 1995, Gratton et al. discovered the fast light signal of the brain. About 0.1-0.3 seconds after the event of visual stimulation, scattered light signals appeared in the occipital of the subject, which may be related to the changes in the distribution of potassium, sodium, and calcium ions inside and outside the cell membrane during the brain cell excitation process. In 2006, Low et al. found that using the auditory stimulus Oddball experimental paradigm, the stimulus presented with a small probability can be recorded in the right middle frontal gyrus of the active responder, and a positive event-related optical signal (EROS) with a latency of 0.35 seconds was recorded; The responding subjects evoked negative EROS with a latency of 0.13 seconds in the left medial frontal cortex. This result is very similar to the change of event-related potential. In the field of brain event-related potential research, there have been many research reports using the Oddball experimental paradigm for lie detection. Therefore, we refer to EROS technology for lie detection. Compared with brain event-related potential lie detection, it has the advantage of having both the same temporal resolution and better spatial resolution (less than 1 cm, compared with the spatial resolution of event-related potentials above 2.0 cm) . In addition, it is very suitable for testing the forehead area, so it is particularly suitable for polygraph testing. Because whether it is the cognitive component of lying, the emotional component, or even the executive control or monitoring component, the prefrontal cortex and nearby brain structures are involved. the

总之，利用EROS对脑功能进行基础研究，是一项国际前沿技术。本发明事件相关光信号采集分析系统与测谎方法利用这一技术，看重EROS具有比脑事件相关电位更好的空间分辨率，将它们作为测谎的脑功能指标，在国内外测谎技术领域中均属首创。 In short, using EROS to conduct basic research on brain function is an international cutting-edge technology. The event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system and polygraph method of the present invention utilize this technology, value EROS having a better spatial resolution than brain event-related potentials, and use them as brain function indicators for polygraph detection. Both are first-of-its-kind. the

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种EROS采集分析系统及其测谎方法，以满足国家安全、社会治安和建设和谐社会的需求。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide an EROS collection and analysis system and its lie detection method, so as to meet the needs of national security, social security and building a harmonious society. the

本发明总体思路是，克服传统谎技术和产品中存在的不足，吸收传统测谎技术和产品的经验，同时吸收当代认知神经科学的最新理论和近红外成像技术，发明一种事件相关光信号采集分析系统及其测谎方法。 The general idea of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in traditional lie detection technology and products, absorb the experience of traditional lie detection technology and products, and absorb the latest theory of contemporary cognitive neuroscience and near-infrared imaging technology to invent an event-related optical signal A collection and analysis system and a polygraph detection method thereof. the

1、本发明的事件相关光信号采集分析系统与测谎方法由光导帽、近红外激光器、散射光信号采集控制系统、事件相关光信号处理软件和测谎软件五个部分构成。 1. The event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system and lie detection method of the present invention are composed of five parts: a light guide cap, a near-infrared laser, a scattered light signal acquisition control system, an event-related optical signal processing software, and a lie detection software. the

(1)光导帽 (1) Light guide cap

光导帽由弹性橡胶筋和硬塑料制成，可以方便地戴在头上或从头上取下，其前额分布着硬塑料接点可以插入或拔出光导纤维和光导束，以保证每根光导纤维和光导束都能较好接触头皮。这些硬塑料接点可以在弹性橡胶筋上移动位置。直径约0.3mm的光导纤维12根，每根长1.5米，一端通过光纤耦合器与激光器出光端耦合，远端通过光导帽固定在相应头皮点上，以便向头部导入近红外激光。直径约3mm的光导束12根在光导帽上随意插入或拔出，用于传导从头部采集的散射光，光导束分别从头的相应部位采集散射光，集中到光电倍增器的入光窗口，形成一个光 导束的距阵。 The light guide cap is made of elastic rubber band and hard plastic, which can be easily put on or taken off from the head, and its forehead is distributed with hard plastic contacts to insert or pull out the optical fiber and light guide bundle, so as to ensure that each optical fiber and The light guide beam can be in good contact with the scalp. These hard plastic joints can move position on elastic rubber bands. There are 12 optical fibers with a diameter of about 0.3 mm, each 1.5 meters long, one end is coupled to the light output end of the laser through a fiber coupler, and the far end is fixed on the corresponding scalp point through a light guide cap to guide the near-infrared laser to the head. Twelve light guide beams with a diameter of about 3mm are inserted or pulled out at will on the light guide cap, and are used to guide the scattered light collected from the head. A matrix of light guide beams is formed. the

(2)近红外激光器 (2) Near-infrared laser

近红外激光器由激光发光管、稳频器、光导纤维耦合器组成，可以发射波长750～830nm稳频在110MHz的激光；通过光导纤维耦合器将激光耦合到直径0.3mm的光导纤维，其远端给出1mW的近红外激光。 The near-infrared laser is composed of a laser light-emitting tube, a frequency stabilizer, and an optical fiber coupler. It can emit laser light with a wavelength of 750-830nm and a frequency stabilized at 110MHz; the laser is coupled to an optical fiber with a diameter of 0.3mm through the optical fiber coupler. A near-infrared laser of 1 mW is given. the

(3)散射光信号采集控制系统 (3) Scattered light signal acquisition control system

这部分主要包括：光电倍增器、信号放大电路，A/D转换电路，CPU或DSP控制电路，以及激光器控制程序、多导光生理信号采集程序。光电倍增器接收窗与光导束矩阵耦合，接收波长650～950nm的散射光。光电倍增器的工作电流调制在110.005MHz，这与加在激光二极管电源上的调制电流的频率相差5KHz。光电倍增器将接收光导束传递过来的散射光信号转化为电信号，传送给散射光信号采集控制系统，经电信号放大电路放大和滤波，再通过A/D转换得到数字信号，通过USB接口电路传送个PC机。激光器电路控制程序实现头皮上每2～5毫秒只有一个发光点和3厘米以外一个接收光导束一同工作，通过电子选通开关循环工作，达到对每个光导束进行光生理信号采样率20～50Hz，并可在事件相关光信号处理软件的人机界面上由用户选定使用的具体采样率。 This part mainly includes: photomultiplier, signal amplification circuit, A/D conversion circuit, CPU or DSP control circuit, and laser control program, multi-light guide physiological signal acquisition program. The receiving window of the photomultiplier is coupled with the light guide beam matrix to receive scattered light with a wavelength of 650-950nm. The operating current of the photomultiplier is modulated at 110.005MHz, which is 5KHz different from the frequency of the modulation current applied to the laser diode power supply. The photomultiplier converts the scattered light signal transmitted by the receiving light guide beam into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the scattered light signal acquisition and control system, which is amplified and filtered by the electrical signal amplification circuit, and then converted into a digital signal by A/D, and passed through the USB interface circuit Send a PC. The laser circuit control program realizes that only one light-emitting point on the scalp works with a receivinglight guide beam 3 cm away every 2-5 milliseconds, and the electronic strobe switch works cyclically to achieve a photophysiological signal sampling rate of 20-50 Hz for each light guide beam , and the specific sampling rate can be selected by the user on the man-machine interface of the event-related optical signal processing software. the

(4)事件相关光信号处理软件 (4) Event-related optical signal processing software

散射光信号采集控制系统通过USB接口电路传送过来的数据，经事件相关光信号分析程序进行FFT变换、存储、以便计算出平均DC光强度、AC幅值和相对位相延迟，事件相关光信号分析程序进行信号叠加平均处理，并最后在显示屏上显示，同时事件相关光信号处理软件还可以形成控制命令，通过USB接口电路发送给散射光信号采集控制系统，包括光生理信号采样率的设定等。 The data transmitted by the scattered light signal acquisition and control system through the USB interface circuit is FFT transformed and stored by the event-related optical signal analysis program to calculate the average DC light intensity, AC amplitude and relative phase delay, and the event-related optical signal analysis program Carry out signal superposition and average processing, and finally display on the display screen. At the same time, the event-related optical signal processing software can also form control commands, which are sent to the scattered light signal acquisition control system through the USB interface circuit, including the setting of photophysiological signal sampling rate, etc. . the

(5)测谎软件部分 (5) Polygraph software part

主要包括被测人资料库、测试材料库、测试程序编制模板、被试反应数据和事件相关光信号的综合分析与表达。 It mainly includes the comprehensive analysis and expression of the subject database, test material database, test program compilation template, test response data and event-related optical signals. the

2、本发明的测谎方法是既对对传统测谎方法加以改造又发挥事件相关光信号分析方法的特点，形成一种新测谎方法，主要从以下六个方面实现： 2. The polygraph method of the present invention not only transforms the traditional polygraph method but also brings into play the characteristics of the event-related optical signal analysis method to form a new polygraph method, which is mainly realized from the following six aspects:

(1)改造传统测谎方法 (1) Transformation of traditional polygraph methods

迄今，国内外已有的测谎范式主要是基于多导生理记录仪的犯罪情节测试(GKT)、准绳问题测试(CQT)等；GKT方法也用在基于事件相关电位的Oddball测谎范式。本发明废除审讯式提问，以指导语和单图或单 词方式呈现每类刺激，呈现时间严格统一限定在0.2～0.5秒；语音和图像并用，主试以指导语方式向被试解释试验要求，测试中使用的关键词或图片在显示屏上以严格的时间序列呈现给被试，并要求被试尽快做出按键或语音回答；计算机自动记录被试的反应时和正确率。 So far, the existing lie detection paradigms at home and abroad are mainly the criminal plot test (GKT) and the criterion question test (CQT) based on polygraphy. The GKT method is also used in the Oddball lie detection paradigm based on event-related potentials. The present invention abolishes interrogation questions, presents each type of stimulus in the form of instructions and single pictures or words, and the presentation time is strictly limited to 0.2-0.5 seconds; voice and images are used together, and the main tester explains the test requirements to the subjects in the form of instructions , the keywords or pictures used in the test are presented to the subjects in a strict time sequence on the display screen, and the subjects are asked to make keystrokes or voice answers as soon as possible; the computer automatically records the response time and correct rate of the subjects. the

(2)本发明从现代认知神经科学基础理论研究中吸收下列方法，作为新测谎范式：本发明从现代认知神经科学基础研究中吸收Go/No-GoParadigm和Flanker Paradigm，作为两种新测谎范式。 (2) The present invention absorbs the following methods from the basic theoretical research of modern cognitive neuroscience as a new lie detection paradigm: the present invention absorbs Go/No-Go Paradigm and Flanker Paradigm from the basic research of modern cognitive neuroscience as two new methods Polygraph paradigm. the

(3)对每一位被试的全部多导光生理信号的记录数据首先进行自举处理。 (3) The recorded data of all multi-light guide physiological signals of each subject is firstly bootstrapped. the

具体做法是把被试对测谎中使用的各种刺激引出的诱发反应，放在一起做总平均，再分别对测谎中使用的三类刺激所诱发的反应进行各自平均处理，对其结果分别减去总平均。然后计算出探测刺激与无关刺激诱发反应的相关系数以及探测刺激与靶刺激诱发反应的相关系数。对说谎的判断标准是前者小于后者。 The specific method is to put the evoked responses of the subjects to the various stimuli used in the lie detection together to make a total average, and then respectively average the responses evoked by the three types of stimuli used in the lie detection, and compare the results Subtract the total mean separately. Then the correlation coefficient between the probe stimulus and the evoked response of the unrelated stimulus and the correlation coefficient between the probe stimulus and the target stimulus evoked response were calculated. The criterion for judging lying is that the former is less than the latter. the

(4)本发明根据当代认知神经科学的新理论，发明一种测谎新方法，具体实现是对脑的光生理信号，分别采用刺激呈现时间锁定和反应时间锁定两种方式加以叠加平均，得到事件相关光信号。 (4) The present invention invents a new method of lie detection according to the new theory of contemporary cognitive neuroscience. The specific implementation is to superimpose and average the photophysiological signals of the brain by respectively adopting two modes of stimulation presenting time locking and reaction time locking, Obtain event-related optical signals. the

(5)将叠加平均后的数据，在刺激呈现时间锁定的事件相关光信号中，取潜伏期为250-400毫秒的反应前正成分作为认知成分；在反应时间锁定的事件相关光信号中，取潜伏期为80-150毫秒的负成分作为情绪和执行成分进行分析；对认知成分和情绪与执行成分，分别在三类测谎刺激的诱发反应之间，进行平均数差异的显著性考验，以P＜0.1作为显著性水平的判断标准。 (5) Take the superimposed and averaged data, in the time-locked event-related optical signal of the stimulus presentation, take the pre-response positive component with a latency of 250-400 milliseconds as the cognitive component; in the event-related optical signal locked in the reaction time, Take the negative component with a latency of 80-150 milliseconds as the emotional and executive component for analysis; for the cognitive component and the emotional and executive component, test the significance of the average difference between the evoked responses of the three types of polygraph stimuli. P<0.1 was used as the criterion of significance level. the

(6)在同一通道的认知成分和情绪与执行成分间进行相关性分析，P＜0.1作为显著水平的标准。 (6) Correlation analysis was carried out between the cognitive components and the emotional and executive components of the same channel, and P<0.1 was taken as the standard of significant level. the

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是事件相关光信号采集分析系统与测谎方法结构框图 Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system and lie detection method

图2是测谎流程示意图 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the lie detection process

参照图1，1、2、3、4、5、6-6路输入光导纤维，7、8、9、10、11、12-6路散射光光导束，13-近红外激光器，14-光导帽，15-光电倍增器，16-散射光信号采集控制系统，17-USB数据线，18-事件相 关光信号处理软件，19-测谎软件。 Referring to Figure 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-6 input optical fibers, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12-6 scattered light guide bundles, 13-near infrared laser, 14-light guide Cap, 15-photomultiplier, 16-scattered light signal acquisition control system, 17-USB data cable, 18-event-related optical signal processing software, 19-polygraph software. the

参照图2是具体测谎方法测谎流程示意图。 Referring to Fig. 2, it is a schematic diagram of a lie detection flow chart of a specific lie detection method. the

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明涉及的事件相关光信号采集分析系统与测谎方法是这样实现的。按照图2提供的测谎流程示意图，实施测试前，根据系统需求将图1所示的光导帽14、近红外激光器13、散射光信号采集控制系统16等硬件设备制作完成，再将计算机和音响系统准备好，根据测谎流程进行如下工作。主试人员首先依据案情的材料，使用测谎软件建立被测人资料库、测试材料库和测试模板。另外，在建立过程中所需要的文字、语音或图像等刺激内容，预先由调查人员用数码相机或DV机到现场采集，经主试筛选后导入测试材料库，再根据需要从测试材料库中选取并将其填入测试模板，从而将测试模板变为可以运行的测谎程序。 The event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system and lie detection method involved in the present invention are realized in this way. According to the schematic diagram of the polygraph detection process provided in Figure 2, before the test is implemented, the hardware equipment such as thelight guide cap 14, the near-infrared laser 13, and the scattered light signalacquisition control system 16 shown in Figure 1 are completed according to the system requirements, and then the computer and audio The system is ready to perform the following work according to the lie detection process. The chief examiner first uses polygraph software to establish a database of people under test, a database of test materials, and a test template based on the materials of the case. In addition, the stimulus content such as text, voice or image required in the establishment process is collected by the investigators in advance with a digital camera or DV machine on the spot, and after being screened by the main tester, it is imported into the test material library, and then extracted from the test material library as needed. Pick and fill them into a test template, turning the test template into a working polygraph program. the

测试时，先让受试坐在专用的测谎椅上，请被试戴上光导帽14，用酒精棉球擦洗即将插入光纤和光导束插孔下的头皮，将传导激光的输入光导纤维1-6安装在光导帽14的相应测试部位，另一端分别连接到近红外激光器13的主机相应插孔。同样采集快速光生理信号的散射光光导束7-12也安装在光导帽14的相应测试部位，另一端分别连接到光电倍增器15的相应插孔。快速光生理信号通过光导束7-12进入光电倍增器15的接收光窗上，转化为电信号，再经散射光信号采集控制系统16内部的电信号放大、A/D转换、以及CPU或DSP的数字化处理，由CPU将数据通过USB接口17发送到PC主机，再由事件相关光信号处理软件软18处理后，在LCD显示器上呈现原始记录，最后经过测谎软件19的分析处理得出测谎结论。 During the test, first let the subject sit on a special polygraph chair, ask the subject to put on thelight guide cap 14, scrub the scalp that is about to be inserted under the optical fiber and the light guide bundle jack with an alcohol cotton ball, and insert the inputlight guide fiber 1 of the conduction laser. -6 is installed on the corresponding testing part of thelight guide cap 14, and the other end is respectively connected to the corresponding jack of the host computer of the near-infrared laser 13. The scattered light light guide bundles 7 - 12 for collecting fast photophysiological signals are also installed on the corresponding test parts of thelight guide cap 14 , and the other ends are respectively connected to the corresponding jacks of thephotomultiplier 15 . The fast photophysiological signal enters the receiving light window of thephotomultiplier 15 through the light guide beam 7-12, and is converted into an electrical signal, and then the electrical signal amplification, A/D conversion, and CPU or DSP in thecontrol system 16 are collected by the scattered light signal. The digital processing, the CPU sends the data to the PC host through theUSB interface 17, and then after processing by the event-related opticalsignal processing software 18, the original record is presented on the LCD display, and finally the test result is obtained through the analysis and processing of thepolygraph software 19. lie conclusion. the

测试时，主试以指导语方式向被试解释试验要求，测试中使用的关键词或图片呈现在显示屏上，语音通过音箱播放出来，并要求被试通过按键或麦克对刺激尽快做出按键或语音回答。PC主机运行的事件相关光信号处理软件18，负责将被试通过按键和麦克的回答进行纪录，形成原始数据的一部分，同时PC主机还采集摄像机的图像信号，达到对被试的监控。测谎软件19还将得到的心理生理数据，进行统计分析、综合得出测谎结论。现以本发明的两种测谎方法为例具体说明其实施过程。 During the test, the main examiner explained the test requirements to the subjects in the form of instructions, the keywords or pictures used in the test were presented on the display screen, the voice was played through the speakers, and the subjects were asked to press the keys or the microphone to respond to the stimulus as soon as possible. or answer by voice. The event-related opticalsignal processing software 18 run by the PC mainframe is responsible for recording the subject's answers through keystrokes and microphones to form a part of the original data. Thepolygraph software 19 will also carry out statistical analysis on the obtained psychophysiological data, and comprehensively draw polygraph conclusions. Now take two kinds of polygraph methods of the present invention as an example to illustrate its implementation process in detail. the

(1)Flanker Paradigm，请被试始终把两眼注视显示屏正中的黑十字上，用两眼余光观察在十字的左右两侧空白方框内的变化。其中一方框发出闪光作为线索，提示刺激将出现的位子；但只有80％的概率，是 准确的提示线索；还有20％的提示线索不准确，刺激出现在对侧，即出现在没有提示的方框内。被试的任务是分别根据刺激出现的位子尽快按鼠标器左或右键。把与案件相关的图或字词以10％概率方式呈现；把对照问题的图或字词以10％概率方式呈现；无关的字词或图以80％概率呈现。比较平均反应时和事件相关光信号的认知成分，主要关注刺激时间锁定叠加的差异。它主要是检测说谎者认知与情绪之间的协调性。 (1) Flanker Paradigm, the subjects were asked to keep their eyes fixed on the black cross in the middle of the display screen, and use their peripheral vision to observe the changes in the blank boxes on the left and right sides of the cross. One of the boxes emits flashes as a cue, indicating the position where the stimulus will appear; but only 80% of the probability is an accurate cue; and 20% of the cue is inaccurate, and the stimulus appears on the opposite side, that is, it appears in the place where there is no cue. inside the box. The task of the subjects was to press the left or right button of the mouse as soon as possible according to the position where the stimulus appeared. The pictures or words related to the case are presented with a probability of 10%; the pictures or words of the comparison question are presented with a probability of 10%; the words or pictures irrelevant are presented with a probability of 80%. Comparing mean reaction times and the cognitive components of event-related light signals focused on differences in time-locked superposition of stimuli. It is mainly to detect the coordination between the cognition and emotion of the liar. the

(2)Go/No-Go Paradigm，要求被试对靶刺激按键(Go)，非靶刺激不做反应(No-Go)，如何对探测刺激反应由被试自己确定。比较三类刺激的认知成分和情感与决策执行成分间的差异。由于探测刺激和靶刺激性质接近，诚实者应作出Go反应，而说谎者抑制这一反应，给出NoGo反应；但它的ERP却更类似Go效应。主要关注反应时间锁定的事件相关光信号的执行成分，这是对说谎者反常执行功能的检测。 (2) Go/No-Go Paradigm, requiring the subjects to press the button of the target stimulus (Go), and not to respond to the non-target stimulus (No-Go), and how to respond to the probe stimulus is determined by the subjects themselves. To compare the differences between cognitive components and affective and decision-executive components of the three types of stimuli. Since the properties of the probe stimulus and the target stimulus are close, the honest person should make a Go response, while the liar suppresses this response and gives a NoGo response; but its ERP is more similar to the Go effect. Focusing primarily on the executive component of reaction-time-locked event-related light signals, this is the detection of anomalous executive function in liars. the

Claims (1)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种事件相关光信号采集分析系统，其特征在于，由光导帽(14)，近红外激光器(13)，散射光信号采集控制系统(16)，事件相关光信号处理软件(18)和测谎软件(19)五个部分构成，其中，光导帽(14)由弹性橡胶筋和硬塑料制成，硬塑料接点可以在弹性橡胶筋上移动位置，近红外激光器(13)稳频在110MHz并耦合到直径为0.3mm的光导纤维中，光电倍增器(15)接收波长为650～950nm的散射光，经过散射光信号采集控制系统(16)的处理得到多导光信号数据，事件相关光信号处理软件(18)将设定的采样频率通过USB(17)发送给散射光信号采集控制系统(16)，可实现每2～5ms只采集一对发光和接收光的通道信号，采样频率在20～50Hz，运行测谎软件(19)进行测谎并得出结论，其中，事件相关光信号处理软件(18)通过分析刺激呈现时间锁定的事件相关光信号，作为说谎中的认知成分，分析反应时间锁定的事件相关光信号，作为情绪与执行功能的成分，最后事件相关光信号处理软件(18)和测谎软件(19)将刺激呈现时间锁定和反应时间锁定的事件相关光信号数据进行综合分析，将Go/No-Go Paradigm和Flanker Paradigm范式用于测谎，通过事件相关光信号采集分析系统控制得到事件相关光信号数据。1. An event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system is characterized in that, by light guide cap (14), near-infrared laser (13), scattered light signal acquisition control system (16), event-related optical signal processing software (18) and The polygraph software (19) consists of five parts, wherein the light guide cap (14) is made of elastic rubber bands and hard plastics, the hard plastic contacts can move positions on the elastic rubber bands, and the near-infrared laser (13) is frequency-stabilized at 110MHz And coupled to the optical fiber with a diameter of 0.3mm, the photomultiplier (15) receives scattered light with a wavelength of 650-950nm, and the multi-light guide signal data is obtained through the processing of the scattered light signal acquisition control system (16), and event-related light The signal processing software (18) sends the set sampling frequency to the scattered light signal acquisition control system (16) through the USB (17), so that only one pair of channel signals for emitting light and receiving light can be collected every 2 to 5 ms, and the sampling frequency is between 20-50Hz, run polygraph software (19) to detect polygraphs and draw conclusions, wherein, event-related optical signal processing software (18) presents time-locked event-related optical signals by analyzing stimuli, as cognitive components in lying, Analyzing the event-related optical signal of reaction time locking, as the components of emotion and executive function, finally the event-related optical signal processing software (18) and polygraph software (19) present the event-related optical signal data of stimulus presentation time locking and reaction time locking A comprehensive analysis is carried out, and the Go/No-Go Paradigm and Flanker Paradigm paradigms are used for lie detection, and the event-related optical signal data is obtained through the control of the event-related optical signal acquisition and analysis system.

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