CN101430316A - Electroosmosis-load combined consolidometer - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种电渗－加载联合固结仪。它是在绝缘材料制成的圆柱容器的中轴处设置电渗阴极，紧贴四壁设置电渗阳极；圆柱容器的顶部安放活塞式加载顶盖；圆柱容器底板的中心开有排水孔；电渗阴阳两极分别与提供电压的稳压直流电源的负极和正极相连；加载顶盖与提供力学压力的杠杆系统连接。排水孔与量筒以软管连接以测量土体固结排出水的体积，加载顶盖上安放千分表以测量土体沉降，通过加载顶盖上的小孔在土样合适深度以固定间距安置测量电压分布的测针和测量孔隙水压力的孔压传感器来分别测量土样径向的电势分布和孔隙水压力。本发明主要应用于软粘土、疏浚土、淤泥质土等的室内电渗－加载联合固结试验研究。

The invention discloses an electroosmosis-loading combined consolidation instrument. It is to install the electroosmotic cathode at the central axis of the cylindrical container made of insulating material, and to install the electroosmotic anode close to the four walls; the top of the cylindrical container is placed with a piston-type loading top cover; the center of the bottom plate of the cylindrical container has a drainage hole; The negative and positive poles of the infiltration positive and negative poles are respectively connected with the negative pole and the positive pole of the regulated direct current power supply which provides the voltage; the loading top cover is connected with the lever system which provides the mechanical pressure. The drainage hole is connected to the measuring cylinder with a flexible hose to measure the volume of water discharged from soil consolidation. A dial gauge is placed on the loading top cover to measure the settlement of the soil. The small holes on the loading top cover are placed at a fixed distance at the appropriate depth of the soil sample. The stylus for measuring the voltage distribution and the pore pressure sensor for measuring the pore water pressure are used to measure the radial potential distribution and pore water pressure of the soil sample respectively. The invention is mainly applied to the indoor electroosmosis-loading joint consolidation test research of soft clay, dredged soil, silty soil and the like.

Description

Electroosmosis-load combined consolidometer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of test unit, especially relate to a kind of electroosmosis-load combined consolidometer.

Background technology

The drainage by electroosmosis method can overcome conventional water discharge method (as well-point method and preloading method) initial stage effect obviously but the later stage drainage speed is slow, the unfavorable shortcoming of consolidation effect when handling weak soil and mud.So on the engineering load modes such as electric osmose and vacuum preloading, low-energy strong-ramming are combined use in recent years, obtained than simple electric osmose or loaded better effect merely.But the main experience by the technician of the design of present this united drainage reinforcement means and construction is that its mechanism of action and proterties imperfectly understand because method is newer on the one hand; Be to lack designing and calculating parameter accurately on the other hand.Existing indoor consolidometer only can be considered the effect that loads, can not measure parameter when fixed and load symphyogenetic test unit at electric osmose or electric osmose.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electroosmosis-load combined consolidometer, can carry out electric osmose simultaneously and load the fixed laboratory testing rig of united drainage the soil body, it can realize that the associating of electric osmose and loading is fixed, can realize that also simple consolidation by electroosmosis or simple loading are fixed, can also measure the parameters in the consolidation process.

The technical solution used in the present invention is:

At the cylindrical chamber axis place of placing soil sample the electric osmose negative electrode is set, the inwall place of cylindrical chamber is provided with the electric osmose anode, the top of cylindrical chamber is provided with the piston type loading cap, be covered with the insulation division board under the piston type loading cap, the top-loaded bar is installed on the loading cap, the bottom centre of cylindrical chamber has osculum, connect graduated cylinder through scupper hose, cylindrical chamber is placed on the instrument table, fixedly connected with the two ends of top-loaded bar in the upper end that is arranged on two outer montants of cylindrical chamber, fixedly connected with the two ends of bottom-loaded bar in the lower end of two montants, bottom-loaded bar and lever are rotationally connected, the clock gauge contact withstands on the top-loaded bar, the upper end of lever fixed bar is fixed on the instrument table bottom surface, the lower end of lever fixed bar is rotationally connected through lever set bolt and lever, one end of lever is provided with counterpoise, the other end of lever is provided with the loading counterweight through the counterweight hook, being connected the hole presses 3 above hole pressure sensor gauge heads of display to insert the soil sample from loading cap, one end of 3 above chaining pins inserts the soil sample from loading cap, the other end of 3 above chaining pins is connected with the digital display multimeter through telegraph key, constant voltage dc source and electric osmose negative electrode, electric osmose anode and digital display multimeter are electrically connected.

Described electric osmose negative electrode is the complex pipe that has trap drainage and conducting function concurrently; The electric osmose anode is the sheet metal or the wire netting of ring-type.

Described cylindrical chamber material is that insulating material is made; Electric osmose negative electrode, electric osmose anode, cylindrical chamber and loading cap coaxial arrangement.

The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:

1, can provide electric osmose-loading synergy, three kinds of different test conditions of electroosmosis and loading effect.

2, the negative electrode of center arrangement can rely on the water amount discharge container that gravity flows out soil sample, equipment such as needing no vacuum pump.

3, parameters in the soil sample consolidation process be can measure, sedimentation, pore water pressure, drainage water volume, voltage and current mainly contained

The present invention is mainly used in the shop experiment research of soft clay, dredging soil, muck soil etc.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the synoptic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.

Among the figure: 1, the electric osmose negative electrode, 2, the electric osmose anode, 3, cylindrical chamber, 4, the insulation division board, 5, loading cap, 6, the top-loaded bar, 7, montant, 8, the lever fixed bar, 9, counterpoise, 10, lever, 11, the bottom-loaded bar, 12, the lever set bolt, 13, the counterweight hook, 14, load counterweight, 15, clock gauge, 16, the clock gauge fixed transverse rod, 17, clock gauge is montant fixedly, and 18, hole pressure sensor gauge head, 19, hole pressure sensor cable, 20, display, 21 are pressed in the hole, chaining pin, 22, telegraph key, 23, electric wire, 24, the digital display multimeter, 25, constant voltage dc source, 26, scupper hose, 27, graduated cylinder, 28, instrument table.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

As shown in drawings, the present invention vertically is provided with electric osmosenegative electrode 1 at thecylindrical chamber 3 axis places of placing soil sample, and the inwall of being close tocylindrical chamber 3 is provided with electric osmose anode 2.The top ofcylindrical chamber 3 is provided with pistontype loading cap 5, and loading cap is covered with insulation division board 4 for 5 times, and top-loadedbar 6 is installed on the loading cap 5.The bottom centre ofcylindrical chamber 3 has osculum, connects graduatedcylinder 27 throughscupper hose 26, and the water of the fixed discharge of soil sample converges to electric osmosenegative electrode 1 under effect of electric field, flow into measured volume in the graduatedcylinder 27 through osculum, scupper hose 26.Cylindrical chamber 3 is placed on the instrument table 28.The upper end that is arranged on twoouter montants 7 ofcylindrical chamber 3 is connected through bolt with the two ends of top-loaded bar 6 (should be from side view, twomontants 7 have been can't see in the accompanying drawing), the lower end of twomontants 7 is connected through bolt with the two ends of bottom-loadedbar 11, bottom-loadedbar 11 passes aperture pre-drilled on thelever 10 andlever 10 is rotationally connected, andclock gauge 15 contacts withstand on the vertical decrement that is used to measure soil sample on the top-loaded bar 6.The upper end of leverfixed bar 8 is fixed on instrument table 28 bottom surfaces, and the lower end of lever fixedbar 8 is rotationally connected through lever setbolt 12 and lever 10.One end oflever 10 is provided withcounterpoise 9, andcounterpoise 9 is used for the balance of adjustment (adjusting) lever self; The other end oflever 10 is provided with throughcounterweight hook 13 andloads counterweight 14, andloading counterweight 14 is identical with the general room consolidometer, selects to load the rank ofcounterweight 14 during experiment as requested with the enlargement factor of lever 10.Being connected the hole presses more than 3 of display 20 (in the accompanying drawing being 4) hole pressuresensor gauge head 18 to insert the soil sample from loadingcap 5 pre-drilled apertures, one end of thechaining pin 21 that (in the accompanying drawing is 4) more than 3 inserts the soil sample from loadingcap 5 pre-drilled apertures, and the other end of 3 abovechaining pins 21 is connected withdigital display multimeter 24 through telegraph key 22.The hole pressure sensor is used to measure the radially pore water pressure of soil sample, andchaining pin 21 is used to measure the radially Potential Distributing of soil sample, the both sides of theirseparation loading cap 5, and their arrangement mode can be identical, also can be different.Constantvoltage dc source 25 is connected with electric osmosenegative electrode 1,electric osmose anode 2 anddigital display multimeter 24.

Described electric osmosenegative electrode 1 is the complex pipe that has trap drainage and conducting function concurrently;Electric osmose anode 2 is sheet metal or wire nettings of ring-type.The material of describedcylindrical chamber 3 is an insulating material; Electric osmosenegative electrode 1,electric osmose anode 2,cylindrical chamber 3 and loadingcap 5 coaxial arrangement.

Specific operation process is as follows:

1) installing electrodes:

Electric osmose anode 2 is close tocylindrical chamber 3 inwalls places, electric osmosenegative electrode 1 vertically is placed in the axis place ofcylindrical chamber 3, and the osculum of assurance andcylindrical chamber 3 bottoms and loadingcap 5 assemblings are good.

2) insert soil sample, install and measure equipment:

The hole pressuresensor gauge head 18 that will connect cable 19 in inserting the process of soil sample buries in place; After treating the soil sample surface andcylindrical chamber 2 edges flushing, lay insulation division board 4, loadingcap 5 and top-loadedbar 6 successively, and pressdisplay 21 to be connected with the hole other end of cable 19, insertchaining pin 21; 26 1 of scupper hoses are connectedcylindrical chamber 2 bottom discharge holes, and graduatedcylinder 27 is put in the other end.

3) leveling lever, fixedly clock gauge:

Connect top-loadedbar 6 and levers 10 withmontant 7, and thecounterpoise 9 onshift lever 10 right sides comes the balance of adjustment (adjusting)lever 10 self; After treating lever balance, on top-loadedbar 6, use fixedlyclock gauge 15 of clock gauge fixedtransverse rod 16 and montant 17, and guarantee thatclock gauge 15 initial readings are zero.

4) connecting circuit:

Withelectric wire 23electric osmose anode 2 is linked to each other with negative pole with the positive pole ofpower supply 25 respectively with electric osmosenegative electrode 1, andchaining pin 21,digital display multimeter 24 andtelegraph key 22 are also coupled together according to circuit shown in Figure 1.

5) carry additionally counterweight, connect circuit, begin test:

Behind theloading counterweight 14 of carrying additionally testing requirements on thecounterweight hook 13,opening power 25 also is adjusted to the voltage and current that test is adopted, and pressestelegraph key 22, the associating consolidation test of beginning electric osmose-preloading.

Utilizing the present invention also can and only carry additionallycounterweight 14 by aswitch power supply 25 realizes the simple consolidation by electroosmosis of soil sample respectively and loads fixed merely.

Claims (3)

1. electroosmosis-load combined consolidometer, it is characterized in that: electric osmose negative electrode (1) is set at cylindrical chamber (3) the axis place of placing soil sample, the inwall place of cylindrical chamber (3) is provided with electric osmose anode (2), the top of cylindrical chamber (3) is provided with piston type loading cap (5), be covered with insulation division board (4) under the piston type loading cap (5), loading cap (5) goes up installs top-loaded bar (6), the bottom centre of cylindrical chamber (3) has osculum, connect graduated cylinder (27) through scupper hose (26), cylindrical chamber (3) is placed on the instrument table (28), fixedly connected with the two ends of top-loaded bar (6) in the upper end that is arranged on outer two montants (7) of cylindrical chamber (3), fixedly connected with the two ends of bottom-loaded bar (11) in the lower end of two montants (7), bottom-loaded bar (11) is rotationally connected with lever, clock gauge (15) contact withstands on top-loaded bar (6), the upper end of lever fixed bar (8) is fixed on instrument table (28) bottom surface, the lower end of lever fixed bar (8) is rotationally connected through lever set bolt (12) and lever (10), one end of lever (10) is provided with counterpoise (9), the other end of lever (10) is provided with through counterweight hook (13) and loads counterweight (14), being connected the hole presses 3 above hole pressure sensor gauge heads (18) of display (20) to insert the soil sample from loading cap (5), one end of 3 above chaining pins (21) inserts the soil sample from loading cap (5), the other end of 3 above chaining pins (21) is connected with digital display multimeter (24) through telegraph key (22), constant voltage dc source (25) and electric osmose negative electrode (1), electric osmose anode (2) and digital display multimeter (24) are electrically connected.

2. a kind of electroosmosis-load combined consolidometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described electric osmose negative electrode (1) is the complex pipe that has trap drainage and conducting function concurrently; Electric osmose anode (2) is the sheet metal or the wire netting of ring-type.

3. a kind of electroosmosis-load combined consolidometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cylindrical chamber (3) material is that insulating material is made; Electric osmose negative electrode (1), electric osmose anode (2), cylindrical chamber (3) and loading cap (5) coaxial arrangement.

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