CN101375807A - Controller of medical electric drill - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种医用电动钻控制器，手控开关、脚控开关、键盘、电机电流检测电路和电机电压检测的信号输入到微处理器中，微处理器根据输入信号将信息处理后输出到显示电路显示电机状态，同时输出信号通过光电隔离隔离后到电机驱动控制与保护电路对电机进行控制和保护，微处理器输出信号通过开关电源电压调节电路到开关电源，开关电源给电机驱动控制与保护电路提供电源。达到了医用电动钻控制的智能化，实时监控电机运行状况，有效防止电机过载、堵转等不正常工作。

The invention relates to a medical electric drill controller. The signal of hand control switch, foot control switch, keyboard, motor current detection circuit and motor voltage detection is input into the microprocessor, and the microprocessor outputs the information after processing according to the input signal. The display circuit displays the state of the motor, and the output signal is isolated by photoelectric isolation to the motor drive control and protection circuit to control and protect the motor. The output signal of the microprocessor passes through the switching power supply voltage adjustment circuit to the switching power supply, and the switching power supply is sent to the motor drive control and The protection circuit provides power. It has achieved the intelligent control of medical electric drills, real-time monitoring of motor operating conditions, and effectively prevents abnormal operations such as motor overload and stalling.

Description

Translated fromChinese

医用电动钻控制器Medical Electric Drill Controller

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种仪器控制器，特别涉及一种医疗上使用的电动钻控制器。The invention relates to an instrument controller, in particular to a medical electric drill controller.

背景技术Background technique

医用电动钻广泛应用于骨科医疗手术中，在电动钻的使用过程中，电机损坏是医用电动钻的主要故障，电机保护技术是医用电动钻的核心技术之一。Medical electric drills are widely used in orthopedic medical operations. During the use of electric drills, motor damage is the main fault of medical electric drills. Motor protection technology is one of the core technologies of medical electric drills.

医用电动钻的电机损坏原因主要由3个原因造成的，1)长时间堵转，出现大电流而烧毁电机；2)长时间过载造成电机过热而烧毁电机；3)正转与反转的连续切换容易出现大电流而烧毁电机。The motor damage of the medical electric drill is mainly caused by three reasons, 1) the motor is blocked for a long time, and the motor is burned due to a large current; 2) the motor is overheated and the motor is burned due to long-term overload; Switching is prone to high current and burns the motor.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明是针对现有医用电动钻控制电机保护不完善的问题，提出了一种医用电动钻控制器，具有堵转、过载、正反转产生大电流等电机保护，利用微处理器和相关电路实现软硬件智能控制的医用电动钻控制器。The present invention is aimed at the problem of imperfect protection of the existing medical electric drill control motor, and proposes a medical electric drill controller, which has motor protection such as stalling, overload, and large current generated by positive and negative rotation, and utilizes a microprocessor and related circuits. A medical electric drill controller that realizes intelligent control of software and hardware.

本发明的技术方案为：一种医用电动钻控制器，包括电机驱动控制电路，其特征在于还包括微处理器、输入信号电路、显示电路、电机保护电路和电源电路，输入信号电路包括手控开关、脚控开关、键盘、电机电流检测电路和电机电压检测，输入信号电路的信号输入到微处理器中，微处理器根据输入信号将信息处理后输出到显示电路显示电机状态，同时输出信号通过光电隔离隔离后到电机驱动控制与保护电路对电机进行控制和保护，显示电路包括正反转指示灯、负载指示灯、液晶显示器，微处理器输出信号通过开关电源电压调节电路到开关电源，开关电源给电机驱动控制与保护电路提供电源。The technical solution of the present invention is: a medical electric drill controller, including a motor drive control circuit, characterized in that it also includes a microprocessor, an input signal circuit, a display circuit, a motor protection circuit and a power supply circuit, and the input signal circuit includes a manual control circuit. Switch, foot switch, keyboard, motor current detection circuit and motor voltage detection, the signal of the input signal circuit is input to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor processes the information according to the input signal and outputs it to the display circuit to display the state of the motor, and at the same time output the signal After isolation through photoelectric isolation, the motor drive control and protection circuit is used to control and protect the motor. The display circuit includes forward and reverse indicator lights, load indicator lights, and liquid crystal displays. The output signal of the microprocessor passes through the switching power supply voltage adjustment circuit to the switching power supply. The switching power supply provides power to the motor drive control and protection circuits.

所述电机保护电路中采用了康铜丝与数个运算放大器构成了电机电流检测电路，所检测到的模拟信号送到所述微处理器的AD通道中，微处理器定时检测电机电流，监控保护电机。The motor protection circuit adopts constantan wire and several operational amplifiers to form a motor current detection circuit, and the detected analog signal is sent to the AD channel of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor regularly detects the motor current and monitors Protect the motor.

所述电机驱动控制和保护电路中包括起隔离抗干扰的光电隔离电路，二重保护的MOSFET栅极稳压管和自恢复保险丝F1。所述MOSFET栅极稳压管的散热器旁装一温度传感器，检测驱动电路MOSFET的散热器温度输入微控制器，监控电机过载。The motor drive control and protection circuit includes a photoelectric isolation circuit for isolation and anti-interference, a double-protected MOSFET gate regulator and a self-recovery fuse F1. A temperature sensor is installed next to the radiator of the MOSFET gate voltage regulator tube to detect the temperature of the radiator of the driving circuit MOSFET and input it to the microcontroller to monitor the motor overload.

本发明的有益效果在于：本发明医用电动钻控制器是基于微处理器的，配合相关的功能电路，具备转速设置、电机状态监控，负载显示，过载保护，宽范围无级调速等多种功能，达到了医用电动钻控制的智能化，实时监控电机运行状况，有效防止电机过载、堵转等不正常工作。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the medical electric drill controller of the present invention is based on a microprocessor, cooperates with related functional circuits, and has various functions such as speed setting, motor status monitoring, load display, overload protection, wide range stepless speed regulation, etc. Function, to achieve the intelligent control of medical electric drills, real-time monitoring of motor operating conditions, effectively preventing motor overload, stalling and other abnormal operations.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明医用电动钻控制器的控制原理框图；Fig. 1 is the control principle block diagram of medical electric drill controller of the present invention;

图2是本发明医用电动钻控制器中光电隔离与电机驱动保护电路原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the photoelectric isolation and motor drive protection circuit in the medical electric drill controller of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如图1所示电动钻控制器的控制原理框图，控制器包括微处理器1、输入信号电路、显示电路、电机驱动控制与保护电路3和电源电路，输入信号电路包括手控开关10、脚控开关9、键盘8、电机电流检测电路7和电机电压检测6，输入信号电路的信号输入到微处理器1中，微处理器1根据输入信号将信息处理后输出到显示电路显示电机的状态，同时输出信号通过光电隔离2隔离后到电机驱动控制与保护电路3对电机进行控制和保护，显示电路包括正反转指示灯11、负载指示灯12、液晶显示器13，微处理器1输出信号通过开关电源电压调节电路4到开关电源5，开关电源5给电机驱动控制与保护电路3提供电源。The control principle block diagram of electric drill controller as shown in Figure 1, controller comprises microprocessor 1, input signal circuit, display circuit, motor drive control andprotection circuit 3 and power supply circuit, input signal circuit comprisesmanual switch 10,pin control switch 9,keyboard 8, motorcurrent detection circuit 7 andmotor voltage detection 6, the signal of the input signal circuit is input into the microprocessor 1, and the microprocessor 1 outputs the information to the display circuit after processing the input signal to display the state of the motor At the same time, the output signal is isolated by thephotoelectric isolation 2 to the motor drive control andprotection circuit 3 to control and protect the motor. The display circuit includes a forward andreverse indicator light 11, aload indicator light 12, aliquid crystal display 13, and the microprocessor 1 outputs the signal Through the switching power supplyvoltage adjustment circuit 4 to theswitching power supply 5 , theswitching power supply 5 provides power to the motor drive control andprotection circuit 3 .

键盘8设定电动钻的转速和正反转设置，并在LCD液晶显示电路13上显示电钻的转速，操作直观。Thekeyboard 8 sets the rotating speed and forward and reverse setting of the electric drill, and displays the rotating speed of the electric drill on the LCD liquidcrystal display circuit 13, and the operation is intuitive.

脚控开关9和手控开关10均可启停电动钻，可实现手动控制和脚动控制的自由切换，操作方便。Both thefoot control switch 9 and thehand control switch 10 can start and stop the electric drill, which can realize free switching between manual control and foot control, and is easy to operate.

电机电流检测电路7可检测电机负载大小，当出现轻微过载时报警提示，严重过载时启动保护电路3，可靠性高。The motorcurrent detection circuit 7 can detect the load of the motor, when a slight overload occurs, an alarm prompts, and when a severe overload occurs, theprotection circuit 3 is activated, and the reliability is high.

电机电压检测电路6通过微处理器1配合开关电源电压调整电路4根据智能调节算法，输出到电机驱动电路控制电钻的转速，实现无级调速控制。The motorvoltage detection circuit 6 outputs to the motor drive circuit to control the rotation speed of the electric drill through the microprocessor 1 and the switching power supplyvoltage adjustment circuit 4 according to the intelligent adjustment algorithm, so as to realize stepless speed regulation control.

光电隔离电路2与电机驱动控制与保护电路3，在微处理器1程序的控制下，驱动和保护电机。Thephotoelectric isolation circuit 2 and the motor drive control andprotection circuit 3 drive and protect the motor under the control of the microprocessor 1 program.

光电隔离2与电机驱动保护电路3原理图如图2所示，Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4信号来于微处理器1，在微处理器1程序的控制下，驱动和保护电机。多重保护与监测电路，实现可靠的控制，光电隔离U3、U4的上拉与下拉，MOSFET栅极稳压管Q1-Q4的保护，自恢复保险丝F1的应用。The schematic diagram of thephotoelectric isolation 2 and the motordrive protection circuit 3 is shown in Figure 2. The signals of Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 come from the microprocessor 1, and under the control of the microprocessor 1 program, the motor is driven and protected. Multiple protection and monitoring circuits to achieve reliable control, pull-up and pull-down of photoelectric isolation U3 and U4, protection of MOSFET gate regulator Q1-Q4, application of self-recovery fuse F1.

在驱动电路中采用了康铜丝，即图2中的Rx与运算放大器等构成了电机电流检测电路，所检测到的模拟信号送到微处理器1的AD通道中，微处理器1通过程序设计采用类似“打嗝”技术，即采用定时器定时检测电机电流。当堵转时，电机电流超过设定电流上限一段时间后，微处理器1通过控制电机驱动与保护电路3切断电机电流，进入暂停等待，等待一定时间后再次启动电机，如此循环，可解决堵转问题。The constantan wire is used in the driving circuit, that is, Rx and the operational amplifier in Figure 2 constitute the motor current detection circuit, and the detected analog signal is sent to the AD channel of the microprocessor 1, and the microprocessor 1 passes the program The design adopts a similar "hiccup" technology, that is, a timer is used to regularly detect the motor current. When the rotor is blocked, after the motor current exceeds the set current upper limit for a period of time, the microprocessor 1 cuts off the motor current by controlling the motor drive andprotection circuit 3, enters a pause and waits, and starts the motor again after waiting for a certain period of time. This cycle can solve the problem of blocking Turn the question.

短时间过载是允许的，但长时间的过载同样会使电机发热而烧毁电机。由于一般电机中无温度传感器，温度检测不方便，但电机温度与驱动电路MOSFET的散热器温度存在对应关系。即过载时，电机温度升高，MOSFET的散热器温度也会升高，在MOSFET的散热器旁装一温度传感器，通过检测驱动电路MOSFET的散热器温度就可检测出电机的温度。当该温度超过一定限度时，先发过载警告，提醒用户应减小负载，如果用户不理会警告，负载不减小，则一段时间后控制器自动停止电机，解决过载问题。Short-term overload is allowed, but long-term overload will also cause the motor to heat up and burn the motor. Because there is no temperature sensor in the general motor, it is inconvenient to detect the temperature, but there is a corresponding relationship between the motor temperature and the radiator temperature of the drive circuit MOSFET. That is, when the motor is overloaded, the temperature of the motor will rise, and the temperature of the radiator of the MOSFET will also rise. A temperature sensor is installed next to the radiator of the MOSFET, and the temperature of the motor can be detected by detecting the temperature of the radiator of the drive circuit MOSFET. When the temperature exceeds a certain limit, an overload warning will be issued first to remind the user to reduce the load. If the user ignores the warning and the load does not decrease, the controller will automatically stop the motor after a period of time to solve the overload problem.

当电机正反转切换时，容易出现大电流而烧毁电机。本发明中采用软件控制延时技术，即当电机在正反转切换时，插入一定的时间延时，当电机完全停止后再换向，可避免换向出现大电流而烧毁电机。When the motor is switched forward and reverse, it is easy to have a large current and burn the motor. In the present invention, the software control delay technology is adopted, that is, when the motor is switched between forward and reverse, a certain time delay is inserted, and the direction is reversed after the motor is completely stopped, which can avoid burning the motor due to high current in the commutation.

Claims (4)

1; a kind of controller of medical electric drill; comprise motor driving controling circuit; it is characterized in that also comprising microprocessor; the input signal circuit; display circuit; motor protective circuit and power circuit; the input signal circuit comprises manual switch; Foot-controlled switch; keyboard; motor current detecting circuit and electric moter voltage detect; the signal of input signal circuit is input in the microprocessor; microprocessor outputs to display circuit after with information processing according to input signal and shows motor status; simultaneously output signal is isolated the back by photoelectricity and motor is controlled and is protected to motor-driven control and holding circuit; display circuit comprises the rotating display lamp; the load display lamp; liquid crystal display; to Switching Power Supply, control provides power supply with holding circuit to Switching Power Supply to the microprocessor output signal to motor-driven by the switch power supply voltage regulator circuit.

2, according to the described controller of medical electric drill of claim 1; it is characterized in that; adopted constantan wire and several operational amplifiers to constitute motor current detecting circuit in the described motor protective circuit; detected analogue signal is delivered in the AD passage of described microprocessor; timing microprocessor detects current of electric, monitoring and protection motor.

3, according to the described controller of medical electric drill of claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprised in described motor-driven control and the holding circuit and isolated jamproof photoelectric isolating circuit, the MOSFET grid stabilivolt and the resettable fuse F1 of two-fold protection.

4, according to the described controller of medical electric drill of claim 2, it is characterized in that an other temperature sensor, the radiator temperature input microcontroller of detection drive circuit MOSFET, the monitoring motor overload adorned of the radiator of described MOSFET grid stabilivolt.

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