CN101352596B - Externally powered implantable medical devices - Google Patents
Externally powered implantable medical devicesDownload PDFInfo
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- CN101352596B CN101352596BCN2008102228159ACN200810222815ACN101352596BCN 101352596 BCN101352596 BCN 101352596BCN 2008102228159 ACN2008102228159 ACN 2008102228159ACN 200810222815 ACN200810222815 ACN 200810222815ACN 101352596 BCN101352596 BCN 101352596B
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation medical equipment, particularly a kind of external power supply type implantation medical instrument.External power supply type implantation medical instrument is that a kind of communication with PPM with the percutaneous wireless power determines power supply parameter and carry out electricity irritation or the device of physiological signal detection.
Background technology
Implantation medical instrument is general to use small-sized implanting device to produce electric pulse, as implantable cardiac pacemaker, brain pacemaker, nerve stimulator, muscle stimulator; Or use small-sized implanting device to carry out physiological signal and detect, as electrocardiorecorder.The small-sized implanting device of this class adopts the galvanic element power supply mode more, is implanted into part and external control section is formed by body, passes through the two-way wireless communication exchange message between the two.
Adopt the implantation medical equipment prevailing price of galvanic element power supply higher, but the life-span is shorter mostly.The principal element in restriction implantation medical equipment life-span is the capacity of battery, and existing implantation medical equipment product adopts the lithium primary cell of high-energy-density to power more, as lithium one sulfurous acid chlorine battery and lithium-polyfluoro carbon battery etc.In case the energy content of battery exhausts, the patient just has to undergo surgery again, changes implantation medical equipment, and not only for the patient causes wound on the health, expensive price is also brought huge economic pressures for the patient.
In order to prolong the service life of implantation medical equipment, people have developed external power supply type implantation medical instrument, passive type RF spinal cord stimulation device as U.S. Pat 3724467 and US5002053 proposition, but this series products only comprises essential electronic element such as coil and electrode in inside, by external control impuls, cause its function that can realize too simple, be difficult to satisfy the demand of treatment.
Chinese invention patent " optimized positioning energy-transfer device of implanted electric stimulator " has provided a kind of outside optimization energy back coupling control radio energy-transmitting positioner, but feedback signal institute feedack is the energy situation that arrives the internal radio frequency interface circuit, and can not reflect whether the electricity irritation energy that puts on tissue is enough.In addition, when using external wireless power mode, body is implanted into part can produce the heating phenomenon unavoidably, and excessive heating meeting produces harmful effect to human body.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of external power supply type implantation medical instrument, by external accurate power supply and low-power consumption, high reliable communication, reduce the implantation medical instrument heating, reduce external electric supply installation position precision demand.
The invention is characterized in, comprise that external controller and body are implanted into Medical Instruments, wherein:
External controller places human external, comprising: first microcontroller, power supply, externally fed circuit, external signal receiving circuit, external signal radiating circuit and exterior antenna, wherein:
Described external signal radiating circuit, input links to each other with the control signal output ends of using to external emission of described first microcontroller, the external emission signal of this external signal radiating circuit output then by company exterior antenna percutaneous wireless power send to the inside antenna that described body is implanted into Medical Instruments
Described externally fed circuit, input links to each other with the power supplying control signal outfan of described first microcontroller, then being implanted into Medical Instruments by described exterior antenna percutaneous wireless power to described body to the power supply signal of this externally fed circuit output powers through described inside antenna
Described external signal receiving circuit, input links to each other with the feedback signal outfan of described exterior antenna, and the outfan of this external signal receiving circuit then links to each other with the external feedback signal input of described first microcontroller,
Described power supply, its voltage output end links to each other with the power input of described first microcontroller, external signal radiating circuit, external signal receiving circuit and externally fed circuit,
Described body is implanted into Medical Instruments, place inside of human body, comprise: second microcontroller, energy-storage units, in-line power circuit, internal signal radiating circuit, internal signal receiving circuit and inside antenna, also have electricity irritation unit and/or physiological signal detecting unit in addition, wherein:
Described electricity irritation unit and/or physiological signal detecting unit and the interconnection of described second microcontroller,
Described internal signal radiating circuit, the internal emission control signal output ends of input and described second microcontroller links to each other, and the power supply of this internal signal radiating circuit reception parameter is sent through the described exterior antenna of described inside antenna to described external controller,
Described internal signal receiving circuit input receives the external session instruction of sending by described exterior antenna from described external controller through described inside antenna, and to described second microcontroller output,
Described in-line power circuit, input receive the power supply energy signal that exterior antenna is sent by described inside antenna described in the described external controller, and are stored in the described energy-storage units,
Described energy-storage units, voltage output end links to each other with the power input of described second microcontroller, internal signal radiating circuit, internal signal receiving circuit, in-line power circuit,
Described first microcontroller is controlled described external power supply type implantation medical instrument successively according to the following steps:
Call in the last best power supply parameter of preserving automatically,, be meant the power consumption of power supplying efficiency or input as setting value;
Control described externally fed circuit and described exterior antenna and begin VTIC, after through the interval of setting, be implanted into Medical Instruments emission session instruction by described external signal radiating circuit and described exterior antenna to described body, if described external signal receiving circuit can not receive described feedback signal in setting-up time, then proceed VTIC
When described first microcontroller receives after power supply that described feedback signal brings receives parameter, be implanted into Medical Instruments power consumption with power supplying efficiency value of setting or described body and compare, control the emitted energy of described externally fed circuit according to comparative result;
Described second microcontroller receives the power supply energy successively according to the following steps and outwards launches described feedback signal:
When the energy of described energy-storage units storage reached the required power of Medical Instruments in the whole described body, second microcontroller was started working,
The energy that is received according to described in-line power circuit and the power consumption of current described electricity irritation and/or detecting signal unit obtain current power supply parameter,
After receiving the session instruction that described external controller sends,, send the feedback parameter that contains power supply reception parameter to described exterior antenna by described internal signal radiating circuit, described inside antenna.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) external controller signals receive, signal emission and the shared coil of power supply circuits, can avoid transmitting-receiving to disturb mutually with two coils are issuable, power, communication distance is far away, reliability is high; Equally, the pulse generator signal receives in the body, signal is launched and energy receives an also shared inside antenna, reduced the volume and weight of Medical Instruments in the body, thereby reduced implantation medical equipment, improved patient's quality of life as the harmful effect of foreign body in the human body to patient body;
(2) body is implanted into and adopts the PPM communication mode between Medical Instruments and the external controller, can accurately regulate power supply intensity;
(3) external controller and body are implanted into Medical Instruments and adopt the coil comprise magnetic core to communicate and power, and have strengthened the tolerance of electric supply installation to transmitting coil and receiving coil position.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a Medical Instruments theory diagram in external controller of the present invention and the body.
Fig. 3 is communication of the present invention, power supply timing figure.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of external power supply type implantation medical instrument, described external power supply type implantation medical instrument comprises:
External controller, it places human external, comprises first microcontroller, power supply, externally fed circuit, external signal receiving circuit, external signal radiating circuit and exterior antenna; Wherein externally fed circuit and exterior antenna are used for powering to implantation medical instrument, being implanted into Medical Instruments by the external signal receiving circuit with external signal radiating circuit and body communicates by letter, power supply according to the implantation medical instrument feedback receives the definite power supply of parameter energy size, if external location of controls causes power supplying efficiency to be crossed when hanging down, provide prompting by sound or other forms.
Implantation medical instrument, it places inside of human body, comprises second microcontroller, energy-storage units, in-line power circuit, internal signal radiating circuit, internal signal receiving circuit and inside antenna, also comprises electricity irritation unit and/or physiological signal detecting unit; Wherein inside antenna and in-line power circuit receive externally fed, and electric weight is stored by energy-storage units; Described second microcontroller is communicated by letter with external controller with inside antenna by the internal signal radiating circuit, and the feedback power supply receives parameter; Described power supply receives parameter and comprises the electric weight of energy-storage units storage and/or the power consumption of implantation medical instrument.
Palm PC comprises the PORT COM that links to each other with external controller, and being used for provides parameter programming and information inspection Xiang the doctor.
Wherein, exterior antenna is one or more coils; During power supply, externally fed circuit control exterior antenna is powered to implantation medical instrument by electromagnetic coupled, inner microcontroller is monitored power supply state, and regularly power supply reception parameter is sent to external controller by internal signal radiating circuit and inside antenna, external controller receives parameter adjustment power supply energy size according to the power supply of receiving, when exterior antenna is a plurality of coil, can be by adjusting the incompatible adjustment transmitting power of using of coil groups, so that the coupling power supplying efficiency is the highest.
The in-line power circuit receive external power supply, internal signal radiating circuit to externally transmit, the internal signal receiving circuit receives external signal and all undertaken by same inside antenna.
Body is implanted into Medical Instruments and communicates by letter with external controller and undertaken by the PPM mode, and the PPM reference carrier frequency is 120-200KHz, and external transmission PPM impulse waveform is the self-sustained oscillation impulse waveform; For reducing power consumption in the body, sending the PPM impulse waveform in the body is the damped oscillation pulse.
The present invention also provides a kind of self adaptation to regulate the method for power supply intensity, and it comprises the steps:
1) external controller starts power supply with default minimum strength, waits for that body is implanted into the Medical Instruments feedback signal;
2) power supply circuits receive external energy in the body, and by the energy-storage units storing electricity, after electric weight is enough to start electricity irritation/signal deteching circuit, by the signal of PPM mode to external feedback received energy situation;
3) external controller when external antenna adopts a coil, is regulated power supply intensity according to body internal feedback RST; When external antenna adopts a plurality of coil, regulate transmitting coil combination and emissive porwer;
Further, external controller of the present invention can be connected with palm PC by serial port, and body is implanted into the running parameter of Medical Instruments and can regulates by the software in the palm PC.
Make a detailed description below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing the external power supply spinal cord stimulation of implanted of the present invention device.
Shown in Figure 1 is a kind of external power supply type implantation medical instrument, comprises implantation medical instrument 1, external controller 2 and palm PC 3, i.e. PDA.PDA is an optional equipment, when need monitoring or change body and be implanted into the running parameter of Medical Instruments, the doctor just inserts by serial port, it carries out transfer of data by external controller and intravital implantation medical instrument, and external controller is powered by the mode of electromagnetic coupled for body is implanted into Medical Instruments simultaneously.External controller 2 is the communication interface equipment that PDA and body are implanted into Medical Instruments on the one hand, also is the power supply unit of pulse generator in the body on the other hand.PDA communicates by letter with external controller 2 and uses serial communication; External controller 2 and body are implanted into Medical Instruments 1 and communicate by letter and use PPM radio communication modulation system, and the mode of electromagnetic coupled is used in power supply.Implantation medical instrument 1 internal circuit partly uses biocompatibility metal to encapsulate, and the coil of antenna then uses the biocompatibility organic material to encapsulate, and is positioned at outside the metal capsul.
As shown in Figure 2, external controller 2 comprisesfirst microcontroller 5,audible alarm unit 11, externalsignal radiating circuit 6, externalsignal receiving circuit 7, externally fedcircuit 8,exterior antenna 9 andpower supply 10,exterior antenna 9 can adopt the coil of one or more band magnetic cores.Body is implanted into Medical Instruments and comprises insideantenna 12, internalsignal radiating circuit 13, internalsignal receiving circuit 14, in-line power circuit 15, energy-storage units 16, thesecond microcontrollers 17 and electricity irritation/physiological signal detecting unit 18.External controller 2 and body are implanted into and communicate byexterior antenna 9 and insideantenna 12 between the Medical Instruments 1 and power.
As shown in Figure 3, the typical power supply of external power supply type implantation medical instrument, communication sequential comprise the stages such as externally transmitting 19, transmit 23 in the body in receivedsignal 22, the body, receive in the external receivedsignal 20,external VTIC 21, body power supply 24.When external PDA disconnected, then the major function of external controller was power supply, had the function that receives the power supply energy size of the outer emission of parameter control agent according to the power supply of body internal feedback simultaneously concurrently; When PDA inserted, external controller had programming and function of supplying power simultaneously.External controller is fixed on body and is implanted into the Medical Instruments top, start the external controller in back and at first call in the last best power supply parameter of preserving automatically, then by externally fedcircuit 8 andexterior antenna 9 beginning VTICs, body is implanted into Medical Instruments and receives the externally fed energy by insideantenna 12 and in-line power circuit 15, and by energy-storage units 16 electric weight is stored.Behind the external controller VTIC certain hour interval, be implanted into the Medical Instruments emission by externalsignal radiating circuit 6 andexterior antenna 9 to body and enter the session instruction.The session director data carries out the PPM coding byfirst microcontroller 5, produces corresponding driving pulse-triggeredexternal emission circuit 6 by the PWM port.If externalsignal receiving circuit 7 does not receive feedback signal at the appointed time, then need proceed VTIC.When the electric weight of energy-storage units 16 reaches the required power ofsecond microcontroller 17 and accessory circuit thereof,microcontroller 17 is started working, the energy that innerpower supply circuits 15 are received is sampled, judge, power consumption situation in conjunction with electricity irritation unit and/or detecting signal unit generates current power supply reception parameter simultaneously, after receiving external session instruction, current power supply is received parameter carry out the PPM coding bymicrocontroller 17, and send corresponding PWM driving pulse according to coding result, trigger internalsignal radiating circuit 13, internalsignal radiating circuit 13 produces corresponding PPM pulse, and the PPM reference carrier frequency is designed to 120-200KHz; The PPM impulse waveform of implantation medical equipment emission is the damped oscillation pulse.External controller 2 receives above-mentioned PPM signal by externalsignal receiving circuit 7 andexterior antenna 9, and decodes byfirst microcontroller 5, obtains power supply and receives parameter.If power supplying efficiency improves or body is implanted into Medical Instruments power consumption and reduces, it is excessive that power supply this moment receives parameter indication power supply intensity, and then external controller 2 reduces emitted energies by first microcontroller, 5 control externally fedcircuit 8; If power supplying efficiency reduces or body is implanted into the increase of Medical Instruments power consumption, it is too small that power supply receives parameter indication power supply intensity, and the externally fed circuit then can increase emitted energy.When if external controller emitted energy reaches the maximum that is limited, power supply reception parameter still indicates power supply intensity too small in the body, then provides warning byaudible alarm unit 11, and prompting patient body outer controller has exceeded normal range of operation, needs to adjust the position.
In addition, power supply receives the temperature that can also comprise implantation medical instrument in the parameter, provides prompting and restriction power supply energy size to the user when temperature is too high.
External controller is also preserved adjusting the back running parameter when running parameter is adjusted, gives tacit consent to it and is optimum working parameter.
Aforesaid way is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on external power supply implantation medical equipment disclosed by the invention basis, be easy to expect being applied to other implantation medical equipment system, and be not limited only to the described system structure of the specific embodiment of the invention, therefore previously described mode is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (8)
1. external power supply type implantation medical instrument is characterized in that, comprises that external controller and body are implanted into Medical Instruments, wherein:
External controller places human external, comprising: first microcontroller, power supply, externally fed circuit, external signal receiving circuit, external signal radiating circuit and exterior antenna, wherein:
Described external signal radiating circuit, input links to each other with the control signal output ends of using to external emission of described first microcontroller, the external emission signal of this external signal radiating circuit output then by company exterior antenna percutaneous wireless power send to the inside antenna that described body is implanted into Medical Instruments;
Described externally fed circuit, input links to each other with the power supplying control signal outfan of described first microcontroller, then is implanted into Medical Instruments by described exterior antenna percutaneous wireless power to described body to the power supply signal of this externally fed circuit output and powers through described inside antenna;
Described external signal receiving circuit, input links to each other with the feedback signal outfan of described exterior antenna, and the outfan of this external signal receiving circuit then links to each other with the external feedback signal input of described first microcontroller;
Described power supply, its voltage output end links to each other with the power input of described first microcontroller, external signal radiating circuit, external signal receiving circuit and externally fed circuit;
Described body is implanted into Medical Instruments, place inside of human body, comprise: second microcontroller, energy-storage units, in-line power circuit, internal signal radiating circuit, internal signal receiving circuit and inside antenna, also have electricity irritation unit and/or physiological signal detecting unit in addition, wherein:
Described electricity irritation unit and/or physiological signal detecting unit and the interconnection of described second microcontroller;
Described internal signal radiating circuit, the internal emission control signal output ends of input and described second microcontroller links to each other, and the power supply of this internal signal radiating circuit reception parameter is sent through the described exterior antenna of described inside antenna to described external controller;
Described internal signal receiving circuit input receives the external session instruction of sending by described exterior antenna from described external controller through described inside antenna, and to described second microcontroller output;
Described in-line power circuit, input receive the power supply energy signal that exterior antenna is sent by described inside antenna described in the described external controller, and are stored in the described energy-storage units;
Described energy-storage units, voltage output end links to each other with the power input of described second microcontroller, internal signal radiating circuit, internal signal receiving circuit, in-line power circuit;
Described first microcontroller is controlled described external power supply type implantation medical instrument successively according to the following steps:
Call in the last best power supply parameter of preserving automatically as setting value, best power supply parameter is meant the power consumption of power supplying efficiency or input;
Control described externally fed circuit and described exterior antenna and begin VTIC, after through the interval of setting, be implanted into Medical Instruments emission session instruction by described external signal radiating circuit and described exterior antenna to described body, if described external signal receiving circuit can not receive described feedback signal in setting-up time, then proceed VTIC;
After described first microcontroller receives the power supply reception parameter of bringing in the described feedback signal, be implanted into Medical Instruments power consumption with power supplying efficiency value of setting or described body and compare, control the emitted energy of described externally fed circuit according to comparative result;
Described second microcontroller receives the power supply energy successively according to the following steps and outwards launches described feedback signal:
When the energy of described energy-storage units storage reached the required power of Medical Instruments in the whole described body, second microcontroller was started working,
The energy that is received according to described in-line power circuit and the power consumption of current described electricity irritation and/or detecting signal unit obtain current power supply parameter,
After receiving the session instruction that described external controller sends,, send the feedback parameter that contains power supply reception parameter to described exterior antenna by described internal signal radiating circuit, described inside antenna;
Described external controller can receive parameter according to described power supply determine power supplying efficiency, and crosses when low at power supplying efficiency and to provide prompting to the operator.
2. external power supply type implantation medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises palm PC, and it has the PORT COM that links to each other with described external controller.
3. external power supply type implantation medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described exterior antenna is one or more coils.
4. external power supply type implantation medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described external controller is implanted into communicating by letter of Medical Instruments with body and adopts the PPM mode.
5. external power supply type implantation medical instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in-line power circuit receive external power supply, internal signal radiating circuit to externally transmit, the internal signal receiving circuit receives external signal and all undertaken by described same inside antenna.
6. external power supply type implantation medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the energy-storage units that described body is implanted in the Medical Instruments is storage capacitor or rechargeable battery.
7. external power supply type implantation medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described power supply receives the temperature that parameter also comprises implantation medical instrument.
8. external power supply type implantation medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described inside antenna is positioned at outside the sealing metal shell that described body is implanted into Medical Instruments.
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