CN101345973A - Method and system for network optimization and adjustment using cell clusters in communication network - Google Patents
Method and system for network optimization and adjustment using cell clusters in communication networkDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及移动通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信网网络优化调整的技术。The invention relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to a technology for network optimization and adjustment of a communication network.
背景技术Background technique
无线基站是移动通信网络的主要组成部分，负责用户手机信号的接入和发送。移动通信企业为了实现信号覆盖、满足容量、提高通信质量，建设了大量的无线基站。如何做好网络优化工作、提高网络质量，是每个移动企业一项重要工作。在无线网络中，性能指标是反应网络质量依据，优化工程师针对指标情况对小区进行天线、资源、频率、参数等调整，但往往不能达到整体提升的目标。另外，随着基站和无线资源的不断增加，位置区也需要进行调整，但经常出现划分后越区切换次数过多的问题，导致网元负荷较高。随着基站的不断建设和用户数量的不断增加以及无线环境的不稳定性，不同时间段话务分布的不同，小区指标也随之变化，优化工程师必须随时关注各小区指标变化情况，不断进行调整，因此工作量也不断提高。The wireless base station is the main component of the mobile communication network, responsible for the access and transmission of user mobile phone signals. In order to achieve signal coverage, meet capacity, and improve communication quality, mobile communication companies have built a large number of wireless base stations. How to do a good job in network optimization and improve network quality is an important task for every mobile enterprise. In wireless networks, performance indicators are the basis for reflecting network quality. Optimization engineers adjust antennas, resources, frequencies, parameters, etc. of the cell according to the indicators, but often fail to achieve the goal of overall improvement. In addition, with the continuous increase of base stations and wireless resources, the location area also needs to be adjusted, but the problem of too many handovers after division often occurs, resulting in a high load on network elements. With the continuous construction of base stations, the continuous increase in the number of users, and the instability of the wireless environment, the traffic distribution in different time periods is different, and the cell indicators also change accordingly. Optimization engineers must always pay attention to the changes in the indicators of each cell and make continuous adjustments. , so the workload is also increasing.
在日常优化调整时需要将话务相关性强的小区作为一个整体进行优化，不但可以提升整体指标也可以有效的减少工作量。更能使位置区划分更加合理。目前的网络优化都是针对基站和小区进行的，但是用户分布是具有区域性的，也就是说一片区域的用户不是靠单个基站或小区覆盖的，而是由多个基站和小区共同完成的，因此，单个基站或小区的优化调整不能达到理想的优化效果。During daily optimization and adjustment, it is necessary to optimize the cells with strong traffic correlation as a whole, which can not only improve the overall index but also effectively reduce the workload. The division of location areas can be made more reasonable. The current network optimization is carried out for base stations and cells, but user distribution is regional, that is to say, users in an area are not covered by a single base station or cell, but by multiple base stations and cells. Therefore, the optimal adjustment of a single base station or cell cannot achieve an ideal optimization effect.
1、片面性。当一个小区出现指标恶化时，只针对该小区进行调整，可能会改善该指标，但由于没有考虑到相邻小区，可能在该小区指标改善的同时给其它小区带来负面影响，使多个相邻小区多项指标下降。1. One-sidedness. When the index of a cell deteriorates, it is possible to improve the index by adjusting only for this cell, but because the adjacent cell is not taken into account, it may bring negative impacts to other cells while the index of this cell is improving, causing multiple related A number of indicators in neighboring communities have declined.
2、配置资源浪费和不均衡。当某个小区出现话务拥塞时，优化人员通过对该小区扩容来缓解话务压力。但是在该小区话务拥塞时，可能相邻小区话务量较小，完全可以通过调整周边小区参数分担话务，来解决话务拥塞，这样既快捷又节约了资源。2. The allocation of resources is wasteful and unbalanced. When traffic congestion occurs in a certain cell, the optimization personnel relieve the traffic pressure by expanding the capacity of the cell. However, when the traffic in this cell is congested, the traffic in adjacent cells may be relatively small, and the traffic congestion can be resolved by adjusting the parameters of the surrounding cells to share the traffic, which is fast and saves resources.
3、引发客户投诉。当针对某个小区进行调整时，该小区的覆盖范围、吸收话务的能力、话音质量等都会发生相应改变，可能导致出现弱覆盖区域、话音质量降低或拥塞导致无法拨打、接听电话，从而导致客户投诉。3. Cause customer complaints. When adjustments are made to a certain cell, the coverage area, ability to absorb traffic, and voice quality of the cell will change accordingly, which may lead to weak coverage areas, voice quality degradation, or congestion, making it impossible to make and receive calls, resulting in Customer complaints.
4、工作量不断攀升。在日常优化工作中，优化人员需要时时关注小区指标情况，随时进行调整。随着用户数量和基站数量的不断增加，优化人员需要关注的小区数量也越来越多，需要进行调整的小区数量也越来越多，无法保证每个小区都能得到及时解决。4. The workload keeps rising. In daily optimization work, optimization personnel need to pay attention to the indicators of the community from time to time and make adjustments at any time. As the number of users and the number of base stations continue to increase, the number of cells that optimization personnel need to pay attention to and the number of cells that need to be adjusted are also increasing, and it is impossible to guarantee that each cell can be resolved in a timely manner.
在移动通信发展初期，由于移动通信网络规模小，基站数量较少，这种矛盾并不突出，近年来，随着社会经济的发展，移动通信网络规模越来越来大，基站数量剧增，网络规模也日趋复杂。网络优化工作如何能更全面、快速、有效的进行也越来越受到关注，需要寻求一有效的方法来解决此问题。目前采用的针对单个小区进行性能优化调整的方法存在优化区域的局限性，同时造成的小区配置资源浪费和维护工作繁重等问题。In the early stage of mobile communication development, due to the small scale of mobile communication network and the small number of base stations, this contradiction was not prominent. In recent years, with the development of social economy, the scale of mobile communication network has become larger and larger, and the number of base stations has increased dramatically. The scale of the network is also becoming more and more complex. How to carry out network optimization work more comprehensively, quickly and effectively has attracted more and more attention, and it is necessary to find an effective method to solve this problem. The currently adopted method of performance optimization and adjustment for a single cell has limitations in the optimization area, and at the same time causes problems such as waste of cell configuration resources and heavy maintenance work.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述缺点，本发明提出了以簇为单位进行网络优化的方法，簇的定义更符合于话务分布模型，同时优化范围由点转变为面克服了传统优化手段的区域局限性。以簇为单位进行小区资源的合理配置，可以起到分担话务集中区域负荷的作用，使得在某点出现话务集中现象时可以由簇中其他小区进行分担而无需扩容，也就意味着节约了网络资源，同时提高了拥塞处理的及时性。再者将小区划分为簇，可以形成若干以簇为单位的优化模型，因此提升了优化层次，也就相应的降低了网络优化的工作强度。以小区簇为单位的网络预警功能，不但可以提前发现问题并及时确定调整方案，而且以用户分布为出发点更有效的做出反应，提高优化效率、降低工作量。In view of the above shortcomings, the present invention proposes a network optimization method based on clusters. The definition of clusters is more in line with the traffic distribution model. At the same time, the optimization range is changed from points to planes, which overcomes the regional limitations of traditional optimization methods. The reasonable allocation of cell resources in clusters can play a role in sharing the load of traffic concentration areas, so that when traffic concentration occurs at a certain point, it can be shared by other cells in the cluster without expansion, which means saving It saves network resources and improves the timeliness of congestion handling. Furthermore, dividing the cell into clusters can form several optimization models with the cluster as the unit, so the optimization level is improved, and the work intensity of network optimization is correspondingly reduced. The network early warning function based on the cell cluster can not only detect problems in advance and determine the adjustment plan in time, but also respond more effectively based on user distribution, improve optimization efficiency and reduce workload.
本发明的技术方案如下：一种通信网中使用小区簇进行网络优化调整的方法，它包括如下步骤：The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a method for network optimization and adjustment using cell clusters in a communication network, which includes the following steps:
(1)基础数据处理步骤；为簇划分步骤、手动调整步骤、小区簇性能告警步骤提供基础数据的支持；(1) basic data processing steps; providing basic data support for cluster division steps, manual adjustment steps, and cell cluster performance alarm steps;
(2)簇划分步骤：为小区簇网络优化系统的核心处理步骤，包含小区簇划分的原则以及划分算法的定义；通过与基础数据处理步骤之间的接口获取小区配置数据以及进行过预处理的小区话务和切换数据；然后进行小区簇划分运算；(2) Cluster division step: the core processing step for the community cluster network optimization system, including the principle of community cluster division and the definition of the division algorithm; obtain the community configuration data and preprocessed data through the interface with the basic data processing steps Cell traffic and handover data; then perform cell cluster division calculation;
(3)性能告警步骤：通过接口从小区性能数据处理步骤获取性能数据以及关键指标定义公式，从簇划分步骤获取小区簇的划分结果；为用户呈现每个网元中所包含的小区簇，以及每个小区簇中包含的基站、小区以及相关的性能指标；根据用户自定义的告警门限，能进行性能预警，提醒优化人员某个小区簇覆盖的区域需要进行调整；性能告警模块自动根据定义的各项门限，以小区簇为单位进行指标监控，并且向网络优化人员报告异常。(3) Performance alarm step: obtain performance data and key index definition formulas from the cell performance data processing step through the interface, obtain cell cluster division results from the cluster division step; present the cell cluster contained in each network element for the user, and The base stations, cells and related performance indicators contained in each cell cluster; according to the user-defined alarm threshold, performance warning can be performed to remind optimizers that the area covered by a certain cell cluster needs to be adjusted; the performance alarm module automatically according to the defined Various thresholds are monitored in units of cell clusters, and abnormalities are reported to network optimization personnel.
本发明的具体特点还有：所述基础数据处理步骤此步骤中又分为小区配置数据处理步骤、话务及切换数据处理步骤以及小区性能数据处理步骤；各步骤完成的具体功能如下：The specific features of the present invention also have: the basic data processing step is further divided into a cell configuration data processing step, a traffic and handover data processing step, and a cell performance data processing step in this step; the specific functions completed by each step are as follows:
a.小区配置数据处理步骤为小区簇优化系统提供各小区载频资源配置数据，作为小区簇划分的容量计算依据，其数据来源于资源管理系统，通过数据接口取得与资源管理系统的数据共享；a. The cell configuration data processing step provides the cell cluster optimization system with the carrier frequency resource configuration data of each cell as the basis for calculating the capacity of the cell cluster division. The data comes from the resource management system, and the data sharing with the resource management system is obtained through the data interface;
b.话务及切换数据处理步骤负责收集小区的话务量以及相互之间的切换统计数据；同时此步骤还完成异常数据的预处理，例如在出现小区退服的情况下对缺失数据进行的平滑处理，其数据来源于网管数据库切换统计结果；b. The traffic and handover data processing step is responsible for collecting the traffic volume of the cell and the statistical data of handover between each other; at the same time, this step also completes the preprocessing of abnormal data, such as performing missing data in the case of cell outage Smooth processing, the data of which comes from the switching statistical results of the network management database;
c.小区性能数据处理步骤通过与网管统计系统建立接口获取无线性能统计指标，通过本步骤用户可以自定义各种关键指标的计算公式，为性能告警提供数据支持。c. The cell performance data processing step is to establish an interface with the network management statistics system to obtain wireless performance statistics indicators. Through this step, users can customize the calculation formulas of various key indicators to provide data support for performance alarms.
还有手动调整步骤：为人工干预小区簇的划分提供人机接口。There is also a manual adjustment step: providing a man-machine interface for manual intervention in the division of cell clusters.
在所述性能告警步骤中设置有小区簇优化调整子步骤：性能告警模块从小区性能数据管理模块通过接口定时收集性能数据；对比用户自定义的告警门限，如果出现性能异常，将异常信息分别送往内部相应的处理子步骤，分别产生对告警进行响应并向基站控制器发送指令对于簇内拥塞小区的调整的结果或者生成小区簇内频率调整方案或者生成位置区边界调整方案。In the performance warning step, a cell cluster optimization and adjustment sub-step is set: the performance warning module regularly collects performance data from the cell performance data management module through the interface; compared with the user-defined warning threshold, if there is an abnormal performance, the abnormal information is sent to the To the corresponding internal processing sub-steps, respectively generate a response to the alarm and send an instruction to the base station controller to adjust the result of the congested cell in the cluster or generate a frequency adjustment plan in the cell cluster or generate a location area boundary adjustment plan.
本发明的技术方案如下：一种通信网中使用小区簇进行网络优化调整的系统也就是小区簇网络优化系统，它包括：The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a system that uses cell clusters to optimize and adjust the network in a communication network is also a cell cluster network optimization system, which includes:
(1)基础数据处理模块；为簇划分模块、手动调整模块、性能告警模块提供基础数据的支持；(1) Basic data processing module; provide basic data support for the cluster division module, manual adjustment module, and performance alarm module;
(2)簇划分模块；为小区簇网络优化系统的核心处理模块，包含小区簇划分的原则以及划分算法的定义；通过与基础数据模块之间的接口获取小区配置数据以及进行过预处理的小区话务和切换数据；然后进行小区簇划分运算；(2) Cluster division module; the core processing module of the community cluster network optimization system, including the principle of community cluster division and the definition of the division algorithm; through the interface with the basic data module to obtain the community configuration data and the preprocessed community traffic and handover data; then carry out cell cluster division calculation;
(3)性能告警模块：通过接口从小区性能数据管理模块获取性能数据以及关键指标定义公式，从簇划分模块获取小区簇的划分结果；为用户呈现每个网元中所包含的小区簇，以及每个小区簇中包含的基站、小区以及相关的性能指标；本模块根据用户自定义的告警门限，能进行性能预警，提醒优化人员某个小区簇覆盖的区域需要进行调整；性能告警模块自动根据定义的各项门限，以小区簇为单位进行指标监控，并且向网络优化人员报告异常。(3) Performance alarm module: obtain performance data and key index definition formulas from the cell performance data management module through the interface, obtain cell cluster division results from the cluster division module; present the cell cluster contained in each network element for the user, and The base stations, cells and related performance indicators contained in each cell cluster; this module can perform performance warning according to the user-defined alarm threshold, reminding the optimization personnel that the area covered by a cell cluster needs to be adjusted; the performance alarm module automatically according to The defined thresholds are monitored in units of cell clusters, and abnormalities are reported to network optimization personnel.
本发明的具体特点还有：还设置有手动调整模块；手动调整模块为人工干预小区簇的划分提供人机接口。在某些特殊情况下需要人工干预小区簇划分。例如当有新增加基站、拆除基站、或周边话务模型发生变化，需要对原先系统自动划分的小区簇中基站进行增加或删除，涉及手动调整主要情形有如下几种：The specific features of the present invention are: a manual adjustment module is also provided; the manual adjustment module provides a man-machine interface for manually intervening in the division of cell clusters. In some special cases, it is necessary to manually intervene in the division of cell clusters. For example, when a new base station is added, a base station is removed, or the surrounding traffic model changes, it is necessary to add or delete base stations in the cell cluster automatically divided by the original system. The main situations involving manual adjustment are as follows:
a.优化人员根据实际需求选定需要手动调整的小区，此小区从原先系统自动生成的小区簇中自动分离。然后优化人员根据自己的需要组合生成小区簇。如果小区属于手工生成的簇，则此簇中包含的小区不参与下一个簇划分计算过程。a. The optimizer selects the cell that needs to be manually adjusted according to the actual needs, and this cell is automatically separated from the cell cluster automatically generated by the original system. Then optimizers combine and generate cell clusters according to their needs. If a cell belongs to a manually generated cluster, the cells contained in this cluster will not participate in the next cluster division calculation process.
b.小区簇计算的周期以月为单位，如果在自动计算周期内新增小区，需要手动完成将此小区加入关系密切的簇。b. The cell cluster calculation period is in months. If a new cell is added during the automatic calculation cycle, it needs to be manually added to the closely related cluster.
c.自动计算生成的簇也可由用户将其属性修改为锁定(即此小区簇内小区成员保持稳定，不参与下一周期进行的簇划分计算)。c. The clusters generated by automatic calculation can also be modified by the user to be locked (that is, the members of the cells in this cell cluster remain stable and do not participate in the cluster division calculation in the next cycle).
d、如果计算当日有较长时间的退服小区，需要优化人员手动调整小区属性，采用此小区的历史统计数据，系统重新计算小区簇划分。d. If there is a community that has retired for a long time on the calculation day, the optimization personnel need to manually adjust the properties of the community, and use the historical statistical data of this community to recalculate the cluster division of the community.
首先手动调整模块通过人机界面获取人工录入获取所涉及需要调整小区，然后从簇划分存储结果中索引到此小区所在的簇。然后通过小区配置数据管理模块和话务与切换数据管理模块接口获取此簇所涉及的基础数据，将此小区形成新簇同时计算此簇的容量以及切换统计。最后将新形成的簇以及被修改的簇重新存入簇划分存储库中，完成手动调整。Firstly, the manual adjustment module acquires the area to be adjusted by manual entry through the man-machine interface, and then indexes the cluster where the area is located from the cluster division storage result. Then obtain the basic data involved in this cluster through the interface of the cell configuration data management module and the traffic and handover data management module, form the cell into a new cluster, and calculate the capacity of the cluster and handover statistics. Finally, the newly formed clusters and the modified clusters are re-stored in the cluster partition repository to complete the manual adjustment.
所述基础数据处理模块包括小区配置数据管理模块、话务及切换数据管理模块以及小区性能数据管理模块；其具体功能如下：The basic data processing module includes a cell configuration data management module, a traffic and switching data management module and a cell performance data management module; its specific functions are as follows:
a.小区配置数据管理模块为小区簇网络优化系统提供各小区载频资源配置数据，作为小区簇划分的容量计算依据；本部分数据来源于资源管理系统，通过数据接口取得与资源管理系统的数据共享；a. The cell configuration data management module provides the cell cluster network optimization system with the carrier frequency resource configuration data of each cell as the basis for capacity calculation of the cell cluster division; the data in this part comes from the resource management system, and the data with the resource management system is obtained through the data interface shared;
b.话务及切换数据管理模块负责收集小区的话务量以及相互之间的切换统计数据；同时此模块还完成异常数据的预处理，例如在出现小区退服的情况下对缺失数据进行的平滑处理；本部分数据来源于网管数据库切换统计；b. The traffic and handover data management module is responsible for collecting the traffic volume of the cell and the statistical data of handover between each other; at the same time, this module also completes the preprocessing of abnormal data, such as the missing data in the case of cell outage Smooth processing; the data in this part comes from the switch statistics of the network management database;
c.小区性能数据管理模块通过与网管统计系统建立接口获取无线性能统计指标，通过本模块用户可以自定义各种关键指标的计算公式；为性能告警提供数据支持。c. The community performance data management module obtains wireless performance statistical indicators by establishing an interface with the network management statistics system. Through this module, users can customize the calculation formulas of various key indicators; provide data support for performance alarms.
在所述性能告警模块中设置有小区簇优化调整子模块：性能告警模块从小区性能数据管理模块通过接口定时收集性能数据；对比用户自定义的告警门限，如果出现性能异常，将异常信息分别送往内部相应的处理子模块，分别产生对告警进行响应并向基站控制器发送指令对于簇内拥塞小区的调整的结果或者生成小区簇内频率调整方案或者生成位置区边界调整方案。The performance alarm module is provided with a cell cluster optimization and adjustment sub-module: the performance alarm module regularly collects performance data from the cell performance data management module through the interface; compared with the user-defined alarm threshold, if there is an abnormal performance, the abnormal information will be sent to To the corresponding internal processing sub-modules, respectively respond to the alarm and send instructions to the base station controller to adjust the result of the congested cell in the cluster or generate a frequency adjustment plan in the cell cluster or generate a location area boundary adjustment plan.
所涉及到的数据结构：Data structures involved:
小区簇的数据结构贯穿整个小区簇网络优化系统的处理过程。如上所述小区簇数据结构中小区簇编号为系统所管理簇的唯一标识，同时也是联接其所管理基站的关键字。主站名称为小区簇的核心基站，作为小区簇生成算法中的必要参数。小区簇内载频数约束小区簇规模的大小。所属地市、所属BSC确定小区簇所属范围。是否稳定字段决定小区簇是否参与自动划分。最后修改人最后修改时间确定小区簇的修改日志。The data structure of the cell cluster runs through the entire process of the cell cluster network optimization system. As mentioned above, the cell cluster number in the cell cluster data structure is the unique identifier of the cluster managed by the system, and it is also the key to connect the managed base stations. The name of the master station is the core base station of the cell cluster, which is used as a necessary parameter in the generation algorithm of the cell cluster. The number of carrier frequencies in a cell cluster constrains the size of the cell cluster. The city to which it belongs and the BSC to which it belongs determine the range to which the cell cluster belongs. Whether the stable field determines whether the cell cluster participates in automatic division. Last Modifier The last modification time determines the modification log of the cell cluster.
与小区簇数据结构相关联的小区簇所辖基站，作为小区簇的组成因子通过所属小区簇编号与小区簇进行关联。基站名称作为其关键字，唯一标识一个基站。主从站标识决定此基站在小区簇中的计算特性，既是否作为核心基站参与计算。The base station under the jurisdiction of the cell cluster associated with the cell cluster data structure is associated with the cell cluster by the number of the cell cluster it belongs to as a constituent factor of the cell cluster. The base station name is used as its key to uniquely identify a base station. The primary and secondary station identifiers determine the calculation characteristics of the base station in the cell cluster, that is, whether it participates in the calculation as a core base station.
本发明的有益效果是根据GSM网络的特点，提出小区簇的概念。小区簇是指覆盖连续、话务、质量相关的若干个基站组成的合集，考虑到调整的可实施性通常包含8-10个站点，150块载频左右。小区簇的实际大小随不同城市有所不同，也根据网络间的差异有所不同。但应该充分考虑以下因素：地理分隔；基站密度；用户分布；用户行为的变化；位置区边界；连续性；数据后处理和分析等因素。The invention has the beneficial effect of proposing the concept of cell clusters according to the characteristics of the GSM network. A cell cluster refers to a collection of several base stations with continuous coverage, traffic, and quality. Considering the feasibility of adjustment, it usually includes 8-10 sites and about 150 carrier frequencies. The actual size of cell clusters varies from city to city and also from network to network. However, the following factors should be fully considered: geographical separation; base station density; user distribution; user behavior changes; location area boundaries; continuity; data post-processing and analysis and other factors.
随着用户数量的不断增加，资源调整、日常优化工作在持续进行，不同位置区间的话务负荷出现不平衡，调整基站的位置区归属可以解决此类问题，但是一个基站位置区的归属牵扯众多因素，如果以小区簇为单位进行调整，将会避免一个话务热点区域被分在两个位置区引发的大量信令切换，导致交换机负荷过高的情况，是一种合理的位置区调整方式。With the continuous increase of the number of users, resource adjustment and daily optimization work continue, the traffic load in different location areas is unbalanced. Adjusting the location area ownership of the base station can solve this problem, but the ownership of a base station location area involves many Factors, if adjusted in units of cell clusters, will avoid a large number of signaling switching caused by a traffic hotspot area being divided into two location areas, resulting in excessive switch load, which is a reasonable location area adjustment method .
无论是资源调整、日常优化、位置区调整，都以小区簇为整体，进行综合调整，使本小区簇所覆盖的区域达到最合理的优化。Whether it is resource adjustment, daily optimization, or location area adjustment, the cell cluster is taken as a whole to make comprehensive adjustments, so that the area covered by the cell cluster can achieve the most reasonable optimization.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为小区簇网络优化系统结构框图；图2为实现小区簇划分算法流程图；图3为数据流程图；图4为小区簇分析图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the cell cluster network optimization system; Fig. 2 is a flow chart of realizing the cell cluster division algorithm; Fig. 3 is a data flow chart; Fig. 4 is a cell cluster analysis diagram.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
(一)小区簇的划分原则(1) Principles for dividing cell clusters
1)簇的规模1) The size of the cluster
小区簇应该具有一定规模，不易过大也不易过小，大小的含义不是单指覆盖范围，载频数量也是一项关键因素。如某一网元载频数达到需往外调整的门限时，小区簇过大，其包含的载频数过多，相邻网元中很难有足够的冗余来接纳该小区簇的载频，小区簇的意义在资源调整中难以实现；小区过小，则其覆盖的区域偏小，话务的异常波动性增大，话务分析准确性降低。考虑到调整的可实施性通常包含8-10个站点，150块载频左右，具体数量应该根据不同的网络情况进行规划。载频配置高并且是话务主覆盖的基站可以单独作为一个簇，例如覆盖某大学校园的基站载频配置在100块左右，并且是该校园的主覆盖基站，那么该基站可以单独成为一个簇。The cell cluster should have a certain scale, neither too large nor too small. The meaning of size does not only refer to the coverage area, but the number of carrier frequencies is also a key factor. If the carrier frequency of a certain network element reaches the threshold that needs to be adjusted outward, the cell cluster is too large and contains too many carrier frequencies, and it is difficult for adjacent network elements to have enough redundancy to accept the carrier frequency of the cell cluster. The meaning of the cluster is difficult to realize in resource adjustment; if the cell is too small, the area covered by it will be too small, the abnormal fluctuation of traffic will increase, and the accuracy of traffic analysis will decrease. Considering that the practicability of the adjustment usually includes 8-10 sites and about 150 carrier frequencies, the specific number should be planned according to different network conditions. A base station with a high carrier frequency configuration and main coverage of traffic can be used as a cluster alone. For example, a base station covering a university campus has a carrier frequency configuration of about 100 blocks and is the main coverage base station of the campus, then the base station can be a separate cluster. .
2)连续性2) Continuity
小区簇是指GSM网络内覆盖连续、质量相关的若干个基站覆盖的地理区域。因此在划分的过程中连续性非常重要，覆盖不连续的基站划分在一个小区簇中不论是对于话务分析还是资源调整都是没有意义的。A cell cluster refers to a geographical area covered by several base stations with continuous coverage and quality correlation in the GSM network. Therefore, continuity is very important in the division process, and the division of base stations with discontinuous coverage in a cell cluster is meaningless for traffic analysis and resource adjustment.
3)划分限制3) Division limit
首先小区簇应该以基站为单位进行划分而不是以小区为单位划分。小区簇的划分不应跨BSC(Base Station Controller基站控制器)，即同一个小区簇内的基站应该归属于同一个BSC.也可以理解为分成两个阶段：可先用跨BSC的小区簇划分检查调整位置区边界，待位置区边界稳定后再利用不跨BSC的小区簇划分进行话务预测、网络资源调整和其他优化工作。First, cell clusters should be divided in units of base stations rather than cells. The division of cell clusters should not span BSCs (Base Station Controllers), that is, the base stations in the same cell cluster should belong to the same BSC. It can also be understood as being divided into two stages: the division of cell clusters across BSCs can be used first Check and adjust the location area boundary. After the location area boundary is stable, use the cell cluster division that does not cross the BSC to perform traffic prediction, network resource adjustment, and other optimization work.
(二)小区簇划分算法描述(2) Description of cell cluster division algorithm
小区簇划分方法如图2所示，主要包括以下几步：The cell cluster division method is shown in Figure 2, which mainly includes the following steps:
第一步：统计全天的小区话务量、BSC内所有小区间切换总次数(具体到切换到哪个相邻小区，如G010011-G010021，切换总次数是指切入和切出次数之和。应注意是否有未开启小区，影响到统计结果)。Step 1: Count the cell traffic throughout the day, the total number of handovers between all cells in the BSC (specifically to which adjacent cell to switch to, such as G010011-G010021, the total number of handovers refers to the sum of the number of cut-ins and cut-outs. Pay attention to whether there are unopened cells, which will affect the statistical results).
第二步：以基站为单位，计算出每个基站间切换总次数。Step 2: Taking the base station as a unit, calculate the total number of handovers between each base station.
第三步：取每个BSC内话务量最高的小区，该小区所属基站为自动生成的1号小区簇的中心基站，名称定为XXBSC-S1，然后加入与XXBSC-S1切换最多的基站，加入与XXBSC-S1切换第二多的基站……，一直到该小区簇的规模达到150块载频左右就停止该小区簇的添加。Step 3: Take the cell with the highest traffic volume in each BSC. The base station to which this cell belongs is the central base station of the No. 1 cell cluster automatically generated. Add the base station with the second most handovers with XXBSC-S1... and stop adding the cell cluster until the size of the cell cluster reaches about 150 carrier frequencies.
第四步：余下的小区中再取话务量最高的小区所属基站作为2号簇的中心基站，算法同1号簇一样增加簇的成员。需要注意的是已经为其它簇成员的小区不再加入新的簇。依此类推计算3号、4号……等簇。相关性不大的基站可以放到OTHER簇中。Step 4: Among the remaining cells, the base station of the cell with the highest traffic volume is selected as the central base station of the No. 2 cluster, and the algorithm is the same as that of the No. 1 cluster to increase the members of the cluster. It should be noted that cells that are already members of other clusters will not join new clusters. Calculate No. 3, No. 4... and other clusters by analogy. Base stations with little correlation can be placed in the OTHER cluster.
以小区簇为单位进行的无线网络优化流程及手段。The process and means of wireless network optimization based on cell clusters.
小区簇是覆盖连续、话务、质量相关的若干基站(小区)组成的合集，具有一定的规模，话务量最高的基站为核心基站，根据切换次数、基站地理位置、载频数量等因素进行划分，并能进行手工调整。本发明的欲保护点为基于小区簇划分的基础方法上，所形成的新的以小区簇为单位的无线网络网络优化及性能预警方法及流程。利用小区簇为单位进行优化调整，不但能够更科学的进行无线优化，节约资源，提高优化效率，也能减少优化人员工作量。A cell cluster is a collection of several base stations (cells) with continuous coverage, traffic, and quality. It has a certain scale, and the base station with the highest traffic volume is the core base station. division, and can be adjusted manually. The point to be protected in the present invention is a new wireless network network optimization and performance early warning method and process based on the cell cluster division based on the cell cluster division. Using cell clusters as a unit for optimization and adjustment can not only perform wireless optimization more scientifically, save resources, improve optimization efficiency, but also reduce the workload of optimization personnel.
以小区簇划分为基础的网络优化流程如下：The network optimization process based on cell cluster division is as follows:
(1)小区簇网络优化系统自动采集资源数据与网管统计数据，根据小区簇划分算法对网内小区进行簇划分。(1) Cell cluster network optimization system automatically collects resource data and network management statistical data, and divides cells in the network into clusters according to the cell cluster partition algorithm.
(2)在小区簇划分的基础上，网络优化人员为小区簇定义各项指标门限，其中应当包括资源利用率、位置区边界合理性标准、关键无线性能指标等。(2) On the basis of the division of cell clusters, network optimization personnel define various index thresholds for cell clusters, which should include resource utilization, location area boundary rationality standards, and key wireless performance indicators.
(3)小区簇网络优化系统自动根据定义的各项门限，以小区簇为单位进行指标监控，并且向网络优化人员报告异常。(3) The cell cluster network optimization system automatically monitors the indicators based on the defined thresholds in the cell cluster and reports abnormalities to the network optimization personnel.
(4)小区簇网络优化系统对于异常情况主要采用如下三种处理方式：(4) The cell cluster network optimization system mainly adopts the following three processing methods for abnormal situations:
性能告警模块从小区性能数据管理模块通过接口定时收集性能数据。对比用户自定义的告警门限，如果出现性能异常，将异常分别送往内部相应的处理子过程，对告警进行响应。处理子过程如下所述：The performance alarm module regularly collects performance data from the cell performance data management module through the interface. Compared with the user-defined alarm threshold, if there is a performance anomaly, the anomaly will be sent to the corresponding internal processing sub-process to respond to the alarm. The processing subroutines are as follows:
a.对于簇内某小区出现话务拥塞，系统自动调整此小区的发射功率，以及向簇内其他小区切换的切换参数，包括小区选择与重选参数和小区之间的切换偏置，以达到话务分担的目的。例如：在小区簇内CELL(A)15分钟内拥塞时长大于200秒，系统将CELL(A)的发射功率由45dbm降为43dbm，簇内其它小区与CELL(A)的切换偏置KOFFSETP调整为1，在通常情况下经调整后CELL(A)拥塞时长降为0.a. For traffic congestion in a cell in the cluster, the system automatically adjusts the transmit power of the cell and the handover parameters for handover to other cells in the cluster, including cell selection and reselection parameters and handover bias between cells, so as to achieve The purpose of traffic sharing. For example, if the congestion duration of CELL (A) in the cell cluster is longer than 200 seconds within 15 minutes, the system will reduce the transmit power of CELL (A) from 45dbm to 43dbm, and adjust the switching offset KOFFSETP between other cells in the cluster and CELL (A) to 1. Under normal circumstances, the congestion duration of CELL (A) is reduced to 0 after adjustment.
b.对于簇内某小区出现无线性能指标恶化，例如出现高掉话等情况，系统簇内频率调整方案，由优化人员进行方案确认，系统自动完成调整。b. For a certain cell in the cluster where the wireless performance index deteriorates, such as high call drop, etc., the frequency adjustment plan in the system cluster shall be confirmed by the optimization personnel, and the system will automatically complete the adjustment.
c.对于位置区边界划分出现不合理情况，系统以小区簇为基础给出不合理的位置区边界小区，以及建议的位置区边界小区。优化人员根据方案进行小区位置区调整。不能自动优化(此处无法自动完成，因为涉及到基站割接，只能生成方案)例如：在位置区边界调整一段时间后，由于用户的分布以及行为发生了变化，在簇划分计算后，发现位置区边界穿越了某些簇的，而不能包含这些簇90％以上的小区，这意味这在这些区域会发生频繁的位置区更新，因此需要对这些区域的基站进行位置区调整，已减少位置区更新次数到达降低信令负荷的目的。c. For unreasonable division of location area boundaries, the system will give unreasonable location area boundary cells and suggested location area boundary cells based on cell clusters. Optimization personnel adjust the location area of the community according to the plan. Cannot be automatically optimized (here cannot be done automatically, because it involves base station cutover, only a plan can be generated) For example: after the location area boundary is adjusted for a period of time, due to changes in the distribution and behavior of users, after the cluster division calculation, it is found that The location area boundary crosses some clusters, but cannot contain more than 90% of the cells in these clusters, which means that frequent location area updates will occur in these areas, so it is necessary to adjust the location area of the base stations in these areas, and the location has been reduced The number of area updates achieves the purpose of reducing signaling load.
如图4所示，从小区簇分析图看，QDBSC11比较完整地包括了圆形和空心方形两个小区簇，但是实心方形的小区簇被边界从中间穿过，因此将实心方形的小区簇中小区完全划分给QGBSC15。这样通过边界调整位置区QDBSC11跨位置区切换次数减少17％。As shown in Figure 4, from the cell cluster analysis diagram, QDBSC11 relatively completely includes two cell clusters, the circle and the hollow square, but the solid square cell cluster is passed through by the border, so the solid square cell cluster The cell is completely assigned to QGBSC15. In this way, the number of cross-location area handoffs of the location area QDBSC11 adjusted by the boundary is reduced by 17%.
小区簇网络优化系统数据流程Data flow of cell cluster network optimization system
话务及切换数据统计处理(话务及切换数据管理模块)从网络统计数据库获取全网各小区的统计数据，此处理过程进行汇总。同时将处理结果输入小区簇划分处理过程(簇划分模块)。Statistical processing of traffic and handover data (traffic and handover data management module) obtains statistical data of each cell in the entire network from the network statistical database, and summarizes this processing process. At the same time, the processing result is input into the cell cluster division process (cluster division module).
小区簇划分处理过程(簇划分模块)从资源数据库获取各小区的基础资源数据，其中包括基站经纬度等信息。此处理过程同时结合话务切换数据统计处理(话务及切换数据管理模块)送来的计算结果进行小区簇划分的计算。然后将计算结果及小区簇的划分信息存入小区簇存储库。The cell cluster division process (cluster division module) obtains the basic resource data of each cell from the resource database, including information such as the latitude and longitude of the base station. This processing process combines the calculation results sent by the statistical processing of traffic switching data (traffic and switching data management module) to calculate the division of cell clusters. Then store the calculation results and the division information of the cell clusters into the cell cluster repository.
小区性能数据统计处理(小区性能数据管理模块)从网管统计数据库获取的性能数据，经过汇总处理将结果输入小区出性能告警处理过程(性能告警模块)。Statistical processing of cell performance data (community performance data management module) obtains performance data from the network management statistical database, and after summary processing, inputs the results into the cell performance alarm processing process (performance alarm module).
小区簇性能告警(性能告警模块)接收从小区性能数据统计(小区性能数据管理模块)获取的小区性能汇总数据，同时结合从小区簇存储库中提取的小区簇划分信息，性能小区簇异常性能的告警。同时调用其告警处理子过程进行处理。The cell cluster performance alarm (performance alarm module) receives the cell performance summary data obtained from the cell performance data statistics (cell performance data management module), and combines the cell cluster division information extracted from the alarm. At the same time, call its alarm processing sub-process for processing.
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| CN101478761B (en)* | 2009-01-21 | 2010-06-02 | 西安方诚通讯技术服务有限公司 | Mobile communication network call simulation and balance method based on GIS |
| CN101808339A (en)* | 2010-04-06 | 2010-08-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Telephone traffic subdistrict self-adaptive classification method applying K-MEANS and prior knowledge |
| CN101873605A (en)* | 2010-05-27 | 2010-10-27 | 重庆邮电大学 | A Classification Method of Adaptive Propagation Environment in Network Planning |
| CN102045744A (en)* | 2010-12-07 | 2011-05-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and system for massively upgrading base stations |
| CN102083107A (en)* | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Method and system for optimizing wireless network |
| CN102457853A (en)* | 2010-10-25 | 2012-05-16 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Method and device for dividing cell clusters |
| CN102761889A (en)* | 2011-04-25 | 2012-10-31 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Method and system for evaluating wireless network structure |
| CN102932813A (en)* | 2011-08-10 | 2013-02-13 | 中国移动通信集团河南有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting cell individual offset (CIO) parameters |
| WO2014056318A1 (en)* | 2012-10-10 | 2014-04-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Self-organizing network (son)-based network state division method, device and network system |
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| CN114257490A (en)* | 2020-09-22 | 2022-03-29 | 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 | Wireless network performance alarm analysis method and device |
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Family Cites Families (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100428857C (en)* | 2006-02-10 | 2008-10-22 | 中国移动通信集团公司 | Regional Border Roaming Control Method for Mobile Communication System |
- 2008
- 2008-09-01CNCN 200810139358patent/CN101345973B/enactiveActive
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| CN101478761B (en)* | 2009-01-21 | 2010-06-02 | 西安方诚通讯技术服务有限公司 | Mobile communication network call simulation and balance method based on GIS |
| CN102083107A (en)* | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Method and system for optimizing wireless network |
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