CN101307750A - Wind-driven generator group wheel box - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind power generating set gear case. A bearing used in the gear box is a hollow cylindrical roller bearing. Preferentially, the hollow cylindrical roller bearing comprises an outer ring, a hollow cylindrical roller and an inner ring; and the hollow cylindrical roller is a rolling body of the bearing. Preferentially, in the hollow cylindrical roller bearing, the diameter of an inner ring raceway is slightly larger than the diameter of an incircle of the rolling body arranged in an outer ring raceway; and interference fit is realized between the inner ring raceway and the incirle. Compared with a solid cylindrical roller bearing used by the prior art, the rolling body of the hollow cylindrical roller bearing is a hollow roller; as the inside of the inside roller has a hollow structure and good deformation capability, the bearing can adopt an interference fit form with the diameter of the inner ring raceway slightly larger than that of the incircle, thereby realizing the stress of the roller, prolonging the service life of the bearing and reducing the fault of the bearing; and the bearing can also reduce the diameter pendulum of a shaft and improve the cooling effect. For the reasons given above, the wind power generating set gear case has longer fault-free use time.

Description

A kind of wind-driven generator group wheel box

Technical field

The present invention relates to wind generating technology, especially relate to a kind of wind-driven generator group wheel box.

Background technique

Current, non-renewable energy resources such as oil, coal are day by day exhausted, and energy problem becomes the matter of utmost importance of puzzlement development of world economy, and the utilization of various renewable energy sourcess is come into one's own day by day.

Wind energy is a kind of extensively renewable energy sources of utilization that once obtained, and under current new energy situation, wind energy is developed the emphasis that becomes current renewable energy utilization, and utilizing wind energy power is the main means of current Wind Power Utilization.

Wind power generating set has obtained broad research.Wind power generating set uses large-scale wind wheel to obtain wind-force, drives generator for electricity generation, thereby realizes wind-power electricity generation.Because the rotational speed of wind wheel under the wind-force effect is slower, does not reach the needed rotating speed of generator for electricity generation far away, therefore, between wind wheel and generator, use the gear-box speed change, increasing than the slow-speed of revolution of wind wheel one side is sufficiently high rotating speed, drive generator for electricity generation.

Be subjected to the impact into irregular break-in varying duty wind-force effect and strong gusts of wind during wind power generating set work, stand the influence of scorching summer and freezing winter, the extreme temperature difference throughout the year, its operating conditions is very abominable.In addition, wind power generating set generally is installed in places such as high mountain, field, barren beach, island, and mounting base often has tens meters height, and its maintenance is extremely difficult.Therefore, to the reliability of wind power generating set with very high requirement is arranged working life, at present, the time between failures to wind power generating set required up to 20 years usually.In wind power generating set, gear-box is as the groundwork position, because complicated in mechanical structure is the highest parts of fault probability, thereby, also be to improve the wind power generating set reliability and the keypoint part in working life.To realize failure-free operation reaching in the vicennial time, each element of gear-box has all been proposed higher requirement.In addition, wind-driven generator group wheel box also needs to satisfy other job requirements of general gear-box.

Different wind power generating set has different gear-box forms, divides according to the transmission type, and gear-box can be divided into the gear-box that make up mutually cylindrical gears speedup box, planetary gearbox and they.No matter how concrete form changes, wind-driven generator group wheel box all has some running shafts, and the part that supports these running shafts is a bearing, in the prior art, in wind-driven generator group wheel box, generally uses rolling bearing.

Because bearing plays a supportive role to the rotation of axle, therefore, its work to gear-box has very big influence.At first, pivot friction is one of main source of gear-box capacity loss; Secondly, bearing also is main noise component; Even more important problem is that during gear-box work, the distortion of axle and bearing can cause the deflection of gear and Bearing gear and bearing enclose axis makes the load distribution of the gear teeth inhomogeneous, reduces the bearing capacity of driving component.When rotating speed was higher, also can sharply reduce the working life of bearing, becomes the primary component that influences the gear-box operating life.

Under the prior art, the structure of rolling bearing as shown in Figure 1.This rolling bearing comprisesouter ring 11,roller 12, inner ring 13.The internal diameter of describedouter ring 11 forms outer ring raceway, and the external diameter ofinner ring 13 forms inner ring raceway.In addition, this rolling bearing and often have retaining clip (figure do not show).

As shown in Figure 1, the inner ring raceway diameter d 1 ofinner ring 13 is slightly littler than the diameter d 2 of the inscribed circle that is contained in the outer ring raceway rolling element, is generally Spielpassung between the two.In this case, two to three rolling elements that generally only move to the bottom are stressed, the axis that adds Internal and external cycle can not overlap fully, this just makes axle constantly do circumferential swing by a small margin at work, make and occur uneven load between the gear teeth, reduced the bearing capacity of driving component, and because the inhomogeneous easier broken teeth that causes the gear teeth of load.And the periodicity stress alternation that bearing roller itself is altered a great deal causes reduce the fatigue life of bearing.

Summary of the invention

At above-mentioned defective, the technical problem that the present invention solves is, a kind of wind-driven generator group wheel box is provided, the rolling element of the rolling bearing of this kind gear-box is stressed evenly, can greatly reduce the circumferential swing of the axle that is supported, make between the gear teeth load comparatively even, the bearing capacity of driving component is increased, and can reduce the gear teeth and broken teeth occurs.In addition, rolling bearing fatigue life is effectively prolonged.

Wind-driven generator group wheel box provided by the invention, the bearing that uses in its gear-box is hollow cylindrical roller bearing.

Preferably, described hollow cylindrical roller bearing comprises outer ring, hollow cylindrical roller and inner ring, and described hollow cylindrical roller is the rolling element of bearing.

Preferably, in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, the diameter of inner ring raceway is bigger slightly than the diameter of the inscribed circle that is contained in the outer ring raceway rolling element, realizes interference fit between the two.

Preferably, the outer ring of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing has rib, and inner ring does not have rib; Perhaps opposite, rib is not with in the outer ring of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, and inner ring has rib.

Preferably, in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, roller does not have retaining clip.

Preferably, in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, rolling element is the hollow cylindrical roller of single-row, biserial or multiple row.

Preferably, has centre rib between each row of the rolling element of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing.

Preferably, between each row of the rolling element of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing centre rib is not set.

Preferably, in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, the hollowness of hollow cylindrical roller is 60%-70%.

Wind-driven generator group wheel box provided by the invention uses hollow cylindrical roller bearing as its bearing.Because the rolling element of this bearing is a hollow cylindrical roller, compare with the solid cylinder roller bearing that prior art is used, the rolling element of hollow cylindrical roller bearing is a hollow roller, because inside is hollow structure, therefore, it has deformability preferably, make bearing generally can adopt the diameter interference fit form bigger slightly of inner ring raceway than the diameter of the inscribed circle that is contained in the outer ring raceway rolling element, so just can realize that full roller is stressed, and in the prior art, therefore general roller bearing, has only 3-5 grain roller stressed owing to can only use Spielpassung.By contrast, the bearing of wind-driven generator group wheel box provided by the invention has less contact stress, and its amplitude of variation is comparatively gentle, and the life-span of bearing is prolonged, thereby can reduce because the maintenance requirement that bearing fault causes.In addition, because above-mentioned interference structure, make the inner ring and the outer ring coaxality of hollow cylindrical roller bearing that very big raising be arranged, axle radially wobbles minimizing in movement process, can realize between the gear teeth cooperates more closely, and its motion thereby more steady makes between the gear teeth load comparatively even, the bearing capacity of driving component increases, and can reduce the gear teeth and broken teeth occurs.

Same the cylinder at its rolling element center can flow through cold oil, and cooling effect is significantly strengthened owing to use the hollow cylinder bearing, can avoid the especially rolling element of the bearing situation of at high temperature working of bearing.In addition,, can not contact lubricant oil is extruded, improve lubricated effect, help improving bearing life equally owing to the rigidity of rolling element and inner ring, outer ring owing to the deformability of hollow cylinder is strong.

In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, use the bearing of the hollow cylindrical roller of two row or multiple row, the bearing of this form is owing to the roller with two row or multiple row supports, can adopt the roller of littler hollowness, further reduce the center offset of the original raceway of bearing, make axle can realize turning round more stably, improve the working life of bearing and gear.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art rolling bearing;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the hollow cylindrical roller bearing of first embodiment of the invention employing.

Embodiment

First embodiment of the invention provides a kind of wind-driven generator group wheel box.This gear-box can adopt multiple gear-box form, and for the present invention, its key point is to adopt special hollow cylindrical roller bearing, and under the prior art, the rolling bearing of wind-driven generator group wheel box all adopts solid cylindrical roller.

Fig. 2 illustrates the hollow cylindrical roller bearing that adopts in this kind wind-driven generator group wheel box.

As shown in Figure 2, this hollow cylindrical roller bearing comprisesouter ring 21, hollowcylindrical roller 22, inner ring 23.The aperture surface of describedouter ring 21 forms outer ring raceway, and the outer diametric plane ofinner ring 23 forms inner ring raceway.Describedouter ring 21 band ribs,inner ring 23 is not with rib.

Fig. 2 illustrates simultaneously, the inner ring raceway diameter d ofinner ring 23₁Diameter d than the rolling element inscribed circle that is contained in outer ring raceway₂Big slightly.This be because, rolling element has adopted hollow cylindrical roller, therefore this hollow cylindrical roller, has the certain elastic deformation amount owing to have hollowly.This elastic deformation amount makes between rolling element inscribed circle and the inner ring raceway can adopt interference fit.Under the prior art, owing to adopt the rolling element of solid cylinder roller as bearing, its elastic deformation amount is minimum, must adopt Spielpassung between rolling element inscribed circle and the inner ring raceway.

In this hollow cylindrical roller bearing, roller does not have retaining clip.This is because above-mentioned interference fit makes rolling element be subjected to certain prestressing force all the time, and therefore, roller can remain fixing position, does not need retainer to keep.

Hollow cylindrical roller bearing shown in Figure 2 adopts single-row roller, in fact can also use biserial or multiple row roller.When using biserial or multiple row roller,, can not use middle-grade limit between each roller if rolling element satisfies slenderness ratio L/D≤1.08 o'clock.

The hollowness of described hollow cylindrical roller, promptly the percentage of rolling element diameter of bore and the ratio of external diameter has certain requirement.If this hollowness is too small, as is lower than 50%, and then roller approaches solid roller; If hollowness is excessive, then roller is flexible excessive, and bearing capacity reduces.Therefore, preferably the hollowness scope is 60%-70% when adopting single-row roller, if adopt the multiple row roller, then this hollowness can suitably improve.

Although among this embodiment, adoptouter ring 21 band ribs,inner ring 23 is with the form of rib,, adopts opposite form, promptly a grade limit is not with inouter ring 21, andinner ring 23 band grade limits also are feasible schemes.

Owing to adopt hollow cylindrical roller, make hollow cylindrical roller bearing compared with prior art have remarkable advantages, particularly in the blower fan gear-box, the accident-free duration of original paper is had high requirements, and the operating conditions very severe, this hollow cylindrical roller bearing has remarkable advantages.

At first, this kind hollow cylindrical roller bearing has higher rigidity under rated load.This be because, can adopt interference fit between the rolling element inscribed circle of hollow cylindrical roller bearing and the inner ring raceway, under this fit system, when load was in normal scope, all rolling elements all played the carrying effect.And the solid cylinder roller bearing of prior art when load is in normal range (NR), generally has only two, three rollers to be in loaded state, so its rigidity is on the contrary not as hollow cylindrical roller bearing.Owing to have better rigidity, the longer service life of hollow cylindrical roller bearing provided by the invention.

Secondly, this kind hollow cylindrical roller bearing can provide higher rotating accuracy.Because generally speaking, adopt interference fit between the rolling element inscribed circle of hollow cylindrical roller bearing and the inner ring raceway, therefore, do not have radial clearance between the each several part of bearing, so just guaranteed the rotating accuracy of institute's back shaft.There are some researches show that adopt the part of same size precision to assemble, then the rotating accuracy of hollow cylindrical roller bearing is than the high two-stage of precision of solid roller bearing.As long as control the machining accuracy of part and suitable design parameter well, be easy to make the main shaft diameter pendulum less than 1 μ m.Because main shaft diameter pendulum is low, each other impact reduces during the gear movement installed on the main shaft, can reduce the generation of broken teeth.

Once more, this kind hollow cylindrical roller bearing can reach higher limit speed.This be because, the main cause of restriction rotating speed is a temperature, adopt hollow cylindrical roller bearing after because underlying cause can reduce producing following material impact to the lubricated and temperature of bearing.

A, hollow rolling element in light weight, its centrifugal force is corresponding lower;

The surface area of b, hollow rolling element is big, and cool condition is good;

C, owing to adopt interference fit, can impracticable retainer, reduced thermal source, lubricant oil can be fully mobile in bearing, can play better cooling effect;

D, interference structure cause prestressed existence, make rolling element be difficult for sliding, and keep stable gap to each other, are convenient to heat radiation;

E, hollow rolling element flexibility are better, can form oil film in the rolling, and oil can not extruded, and will play lubrication effect preferably like this, reduce friction and give birth to heat.

In a word, for above-mentioned reasons, the wind-driven generator group wheel box that present embodiment provides can better meet the operating conditions and the failure free time requirement of wind power generating set, has better technique effect.

Need explanation in addition, in the hollow cylindrical roller bearing that first embodiment of the invention provides, adopt interference fit between rolling element inscribed circle and the inner ring raceway, this fit form can be given full play to the advantage of this kind bearing.But, do not get rid of the mode of using transition fit or Spielpassung, adopt above-mentioned fit system, because the surface area of rolling element is big, can obtain better cooling effect.

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of wind-driven generator group wheel box is characterized in that, the bearing that uses in this gear-box is hollow cylindrical roller bearing.

2, wind-driven generator group wheel box according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described hollow cylindrical roller bearing comprises outer ring, hollow cylindrical roller and inner ring, and described hollow cylindrical roller is the rolling element of bearing.

3, wind-driven generator group wheel box according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, the diameter of inner ring raceway is bigger slightly than the diameter of the inscribed circle that is contained in the outer ring raceway rolling element, realizes interference fit between the two.

4, wind-driven generator group wheel box according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the outer ring of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing has rib, and inner ring does not have rib.

5, wind-driven generator group wheel box according to claim 3 is characterized in that, rib is not with in the outer ring of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, and inner ring has rib.

6, according to each described wind-driven generator group wheel box of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, roller does not have retaining clip.

According to each described wind-driven generator group wheel box of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that 7, in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, rolling element is the hollow cylindrical roller of single-row, biserial or multiple row.

8, wind-driven generator group wheel box according to claim 7 is characterized in that, has centre rib between each row of the rolling element of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing.

9, wind-driven generator group wheel box according to claim 7 is characterized in that, between each row of the rolling element of described hollow cylindrical roller bearing centre rib is not set.

According to each described wind-driven generator group wheel box of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that 10, in the described hollow cylindrical roller bearing, the hollowness of hollow cylindrical roller is 60%-70%.

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