技术领域technical field
一种膨润土除磷净水剂的制备方法，是一种用于去除富养化水体中的磷酸盐的复合膨润土净水剂的制备方法，属于环境保护处理技术领域，A preparation method of a bentonite phosphorus-removing water purifier is a preparation method of a composite bentonite water purifier for removing phosphate in eutrophic water bodies, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection treatment.
背景技术Background technique
随着水源水质污染的加剧，我国水体富营养化现象也逐渐严重，水体生态系统的平衡和稳定遭到破坏，人类生存环境也受到巨大威胁。引起富养化的主要原因是氮、磷元素超标，其中磷元素超标对水体富氧化具有特殊贡献。化学药剂法作为经济、高效的水体除磷技术非常适合我国现阶段污水处理的国情。目前广泛使用的化学药剂包括：铝铁絮凝剂、明矾、氧化钙等。该药剂的不足之处在于除磷量偏低，仅能部分去除水体中的可溶解性磷酸盐等营养盐，不能达到深度处理的要求；不能抑制底泥中的溶解磷释放，达不到标本兼治的效果。With the aggravation of water pollution, the phenomenon of eutrophication in my country's water body is gradually serious, the balance and stability of water ecosystem are destroyed, and the living environment of human beings is also under great threat. The main cause of eutrophication is the excessive nitrogen and phosphorus elements, and the excessive phosphorus element has a special contribution to the eutrophication of water bodies. As an economical and efficient water body phosphorus removal technology, the chemical method is very suitable for the current national conditions of sewage treatment in our country. Currently widely used chemicals include: aluminum iron flocculant, alum, calcium oxide, etc. The disadvantage of this agent is that the amount of phosphorus removal is low, and it can only partially remove soluble phosphate and other nutrients in the water body, which cannot meet the requirements of advanced treatment; it cannot inhibit the release of dissolved phosphorus in the sediment, and cannot reach the sample The effect of both governance.
膨润土作为一种来源充足、天然无毒、使用方便和耗资少的环境友好材料，以其良好的离子交换性和吸附性广泛的应用于水体的富养化治理，合成高性能的复合膨润土除磷材料越来越受到重视。As an environmentally friendly material with sufficient sources, natural non-toxicity, convenient use and low cost, bentonite is widely used in the eutrophication of water bodies due to its good ion exchange and adsorption properties, and the synthesis of high-performance composite bentonite for phosphorus removal Materials are getting more and more attention.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种去除富养化水体中磷酸盐的膨润土净水剂及其制备方法，即利用膨润土优良的离子交换性和吸附性，采用无机高分子絮凝剂和镧盐对膨润土进行改性，通过无机高分子絮凝剂、镧盐和膨润土之间的相互协同，增强沉淀反应、凝聚作用、絮凝作用，达到协同增效除磷的目的；磷酸盐沉淀物颗粒性能稳定，缓慢沉降到水体底部，被膨润土天然黏土牢固在底泥中，避免了底泥磷的再次释放，从而达到标本兼治的目的。The purpose of this invention is to provide a bentonite water purifier for removing phosphate in eutrophic water bodies and a preparation method thereof, that is, to use the excellent ion exchange and adsorption properties of bentonite, and to use inorganic polymer flocculants and lanthanum salts to treat bentonite. Modification, through the mutual synergy between inorganic polymer flocculants, lanthanum salts and bentonite, the precipitation reaction, coagulation, and flocculation are enhanced to achieve the purpose of synergistic phosphorus removal; the phosphate precipitate particles have stable properties and slowly settle to At the bottom of the water body, the bentonite natural clay is firmly fixed in the bottom mud, which avoids the re-release of bottom mud phosphorus, so as to achieve the purpose of treating both symptoms and root causes.
一种膨润土除磷净水剂的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：A preparation method of bentonite phosphorus removal water purifier, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1)将干燥、粉碎、过200目筛的钙基膨润土或钠基膨润土投加到镧盐溶液中，镧盐用量为膨润土阳离子交换量的1.0～2.5倍，在室温～60℃水浴中搅拌2～12小时，然后用去离子水洗涤，配制成5～10wt％的浆液；(1) Add calcium-based bentonite or sodium-based bentonite that has been dried, crushed, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve into the lanthanum salt solution. The amount of lanthanum salt is 1.0 to 2.5 times the cation exchange capacity of bentonite, and stirred in a water bath at room temperature to 60°C 2-12 hours, then wash with deionized water, and prepare a 5-10wt% slurry;
(2)将无机高分子絮凝剂加到上述浆液中，投加后浆液中的无机高分子絮凝剂量为10-20wt％，室温～60℃搅拌2～6小时；(2) Add the inorganic polymer flocculant to the above slurry, the dosage of the inorganic polymer flocculant in the slurry after adding is 10-20wt%, and stir at room temperature to 60°C for 2 to 6 hours;
所述无机高分子絮凝剂为聚合氯化铝、聚合氯化铁、聚合硫酸铁、聚合氯化铝铁、聚合硫酸铝、聚合硅酸硫酸铝、聚合硅酸铝铁中的任何一种或多种；The inorganic polymer flocculant is any one or more of polyaluminum chloride, polyferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyaluminum sulfate, polysilicate aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum ferric silicate kind;
(3)将步骤(2)反应完的浆液经离心过滤，将滤饼70～90℃干燥24小时，粉碎至40～200目，即得到所述膨润土除磷净水剂。(3) After centrifuging the slurry reacted in step (2), drying the filter cake at 70-90° C. for 24 hours, and crushing to 40-200 meshes, the bentonite phosphorus removal water purifier is obtained.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例进一步说明本发明。Below in conjunction with embodiment further illustrate the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种膨润土除磷净水剂的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：A preparation method of bentonite phosphorus removal water purifier, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1)称量七水合氯化镧3g，溶解至400ml去离子水中，60℃下搅拌；称取干燥、粉碎、过200目筛的钠基膨润土20g，缓慢均匀投加到氯化镧水溶液中，搅拌2小时后，用去离子水洗涤4次，过滤脱水，然后将得到的滤饼投入200ml去离子中，搅拌成悬浊液；(1) Weigh 3g of lanthanum chloride heptahydrate, dissolve it in 400ml of deionized water, and stir at 60°C; weigh 20g of sodium-based bentonite that has been dried, crushed, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and slowly and evenly add it to the aqueous solution of lanthanum chloride , after stirring for 2 hours, wash 4 times with deionized water, filter and dehydrate, then put the obtained filter cake into 200ml deionized, and stir to form a suspension;
(2)称取2g聚合氯化铝铁，投加到上述悬浊液中，室温下搅拌4小时，然后脱水，过滤得到滤饼；(2) Weigh 2g polyaluminum ferric chloride, add it into the suspension, stir at room temperature for 4 hours, then dehydrate, and filter to obtain a filter cake;
(3)将滤饼在70℃下干燥24小时，粉碎，过200目筛，得到本发明所述除磷净水剂。(3) Dry the filter cake at 70° C. for 24 hours, pulverize it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the phosphorus-removing water purifying agent of the present invention.
利用所述除磷净水剂除磷净水的方法，步骤如下：The method for using the phosphorus removal water purifier to remove phosphorus and purify water, the steps are as follows:
(1)将该除磷净水剂配制成10wt％的悬浊液；(1) the phosphorus removal water purifying agent is mixed with a 10wt% suspension;
(2)1L水中加入0.25g高岭土，快速搅拌、混合均匀后，再慢速搅拌15分钟，然后静置沉淀15分钟，取上层清夜为实验水样，同时在该水样中添加磷酸氢二钾，制成浑浊的磷酸根溶液，其中磷酸根浓度为5mg/L(以P计))；(2) Add 0.25g of kaolin to 1L of water, stir quickly and mix evenly, then stir slowly for 15 minutes, then let it settle for 15 minutes, take the upper clear night as the experimental water sample, and add dipotassium hydrogen phosphate to the water sample at the same time , making a turbid phosphate solution, wherein the phosphate concentration is 5mg/L (in P));
(3)将(1)中配成的悬浊液，按照2wt％(P质量/除磷净水剂质量)的投加比例加入到(2)中，片刻后即可看到大量密实絮体出现，溶液上层逐渐澄清；(3) Add the suspension prepared in (1) to (2) according to the dosing ratio of 2wt% (mass of P/mass of phosphorus removal water purifier), and a large amount of dense flocs can be seen after a while Appeared, the upper layer of the solution gradually became clear;
(4)48小时后，测量清液中的磷酸根浓度，结果表明，除磷净水剂对磷酸根的去除率达到86％。(4) After 48 hours, the concentration of phosphate in the clear liquid was measured, and the results showed that the removal rate of phosphate by the phosphorus removal water purifier reached 86%.
实施例2Example 2
一种膨润土除磷净水剂的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：A preparation method of bentonite phosphorus removal water purifier, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1)称量七水合氯化镧5g，溶解至300ml去离子水中，40℃下搅拌；称取干燥、粉碎、过200目筛的钙基膨润土20g，缓慢均匀投加到氯化镧水溶液中，搅拌6小时后，用去离子水洗涤2次，过滤脱水，然后将得到的滤饼投入100ml去离子中，搅拌成悬浊液；(1) Weigh 5g of lanthanum chloride heptahydrate, dissolve it in 300ml of deionized water, and stir at 40°C; weigh 20g of calcium-based bentonite that has been dried, crushed, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and slowly and evenly add it to the aqueous solution of lanthanum chloride , after stirring for 6 hours, wash twice with deionized water, filter and dehydrate, then put the obtained filter cake into 100ml deionized, and stir to form a suspension;
(2)称取3g聚合氯化铝，投加到上述悬浊液中，40℃下搅拌2小时，然后脱水，过滤得到滤饼；(2) Weigh 3g of polyaluminum chloride, add it to the suspension, stir at 40°C for 2 hours, then dehydrate, and filter to obtain a filter cake;
(3)将滤饼在80℃下干燥24小时，粉碎，过200目筛，即得到所述除磷净水剂。(3) Dry the filter cake at 80° C. for 24 hours, crush it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the phosphorus-removing water purifier.
利用所述除磷净水剂除磷净水的方法，步骤如下：The method for using the phosphorus removal water purifier to remove phosphorus and purify water, the steps are as follows:
(1)将该除磷净水剂配制成10wt％的悬浊液。(1) The phosphorus removal water purifying agent is formulated into a 10wt% suspension.
(2)1L水中加入0.25g高岭土，快速搅拌、混合均匀后，再慢速搅拌15分钟，然后静置沉淀15分钟，取上层清夜为实验水样，同时在该水样中添加磷酸氢二钾，制成浑浊的磷酸根溶液，其中磷酸根浓度为5mg/L(以P计))。(2) Add 0.25g of kaolin to 1L of water, stir quickly and mix evenly, then stir slowly for 15 minutes, then let it settle for 15 minutes, take the upper clear night as the experimental water sample, and add dipotassium hydrogen phosphate to the water sample at the same time , to make a turbid phosphate solution, wherein the phosphate concentration is 5mg/L (in P)).
(3)将(1)中配成的悬浊液，按照2wt％(P质量/除磷净水剂质量)的投加比例加入到(2)中，片刻后即可看到大量密实絮体出现，溶液上层逐渐澄清。(3) Add the suspension prepared in (1) to (2) according to the dosing ratio of 2wt% (mass of P/mass of phosphorus removal water purifier), and a large amount of dense flocs can be seen after a while appeared, and the upper layer of the solution gradually became clear.
(4)48小时后，测量清液中的磷酸根浓度，结果表明，除磷净水剂对磷酸根的去除率达到93％。(4) After 48 hours, the concentration of phosphate in the clear liquid was measured, and the results showed that the removal rate of phosphate by the phosphorus removal water purifier reached 93%.
实施例3Example 3
一种膨润土除磷净水剂的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：A preparation method of bentonite phosphorus removal water purifier, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1)称量七水合氯化镧7g，溶解至200ml去离子水中，室温下搅拌；称取干燥、粉碎、过200目筛的钠基膨润土20g，缓慢均匀投加到氯化镧水溶液中，搅拌12小时后，用去离子水洗涤3次，过滤脱水，然后将得到的滤饼投入150ml去离子中，搅拌成悬浊液；(1) Weigh 7g of lanthanum chloride heptahydrate, dissolve it in 200ml of deionized water, and stir at room temperature; weigh 20g of sodium-based bentonite that has been dried, pulverized, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and slowly and evenly add it to the aqueous solution of lanthanum chloride. After stirring for 12 hours, wash with deionized water 3 times, filter and dehydrate, then put the obtained filter cake into 150ml deionized, and stir to form a suspension;
(2)称取4g聚合氯化铁，投加到上述悬浊液中，60℃下搅拌6小时，然后脱水，过滤得到滤饼；(2) Weigh 4g of polyferric chloride, add it to the suspension, stir at 60°C for 6 hours, then dehydrate, and filter to obtain a filter cake;
(3)将滤饼在90℃下干燥24小时，粉碎，过200目筛，即得到所述除磷净水剂。(3) Dry the filter cake at 90° C. for 24 hours, crush it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the phosphorus-removing water purifier.
利用所述除磷净水剂除磷净水的方法，步骤如下：The method for using the phosphorus removal water purifier to remove phosphorus and purify water, the steps are as follows:
(1)将该除磷净水剂配制成10wt％的悬浊液。(1) The phosphorus removal water purifying agent is formulated into a 10wt% suspension.
(2)1L水中加入0.25g高岭土，快速搅拌、混合均匀后，再慢速搅拌15分钟，然后静置沉淀15分钟，取上层清夜为实验水样，同时在该水样中添加磷酸氢二钾，制成浑浊的磷酸根溶液，其中磷酸根浓度为5mg/L(以P计))。(2) Add 0.25g of kaolin to 1L of water, stir quickly and mix evenly, then stir slowly for 15 minutes, then let it settle for 15 minutes, take the upper clear night as the experimental water sample, and add dipotassium hydrogen phosphate to the water sample at the same time , to make a turbid phosphate solution, wherein the phosphate concentration is 5mg/L (in P)).
(3)将(1)中配成的悬浊液，按照2wt％(P质量/除磷净水剂质量)的投加比例加入到(2)中，片刻后即可看到大量密实絮体出现，溶液上层逐渐澄清。(3) Add the suspension prepared in (1) to (2) according to the dosing ratio of 2wt% (mass of P/mass of phosphorus removal water purifier), and a large amount of dense flocs can be seen after a while appeared, and the upper layer of the solution gradually became clear.
(4)48小时后，测量清液中的磷酸根浓度，结果表明，除磷净水剂对磷酸根的去除率达到98％。(4) After 48 hours, the concentration of phosphate in the clear liquid was measured, and the results showed that the removal rate of phosphate by the phosphorus removal water purifying agent reached 98%.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101048407ACN101264955A (en) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | A kind of preparation method of bentonite phosphorus removal water purifying agent |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101048407ACN101264955A (en) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | A kind of preparation method of bentonite phosphorus removal water purifying agent |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101264955Atrue CN101264955A (en) | 2008-09-17 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101048407APendingCN101264955A (en) | 2008-04-25 | 2008-04-25 | A kind of preparation method of bentonite phosphorus removal water purifying agent |
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| CN (1) | CN101264955A (en) |
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