CN101237596A - Communication system with control channel between base stations and base station - Google Patents
Communication system with control channel between base stations and base stationDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
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Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明用于蜂窝系统或基站装置中。特别对于利用TDD(TimeDivision Duplex，时分复用)的系统有效。The invention is used in cellular systems or base station installations. It is especially effective for systems using TDD (TimeDivision Duplex, time division multiplexing).
背景技术Background technique
在OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency Domain Multiple Access，正交频分复用)中，即使不进行预先输入置于周围的基站的信息、或者从有线网络输入地理上接近的基站的信息的动作，各基站也自律报告相互的中枢链路(Backbone)的有线网络的网络地址，通过接收它来识别接近的基站，通过经由中枢链路的有线网络交换用来支援基站间的同步校正及交接(handover)的信息，能够不使用宝贵的频率资源而建立效率良好的无线控制。In OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Domain Multiple Access, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), each base station is self-disciplined without inputting information on surrounding base stations or inputting information on geographically close base stations from a wired network. Report the network address of the wired network of the mutual backbone link (Backbone), identify the approaching base station by receiving it, and exchange information for supporting synchronization correction and handover between base stations through the wired network of the backbone link, Efficient wireless control can be established without using precious frequency resources.
图2是表示以往技术(PHS：Personal Handy System，个人手持电话系统)中无线线路(或者信道)的时间配置(帧格式)的图。120是称作时隙(slot)的时间单位，是多个信号符号汇集而构成的。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the time arrangement (frame format) of wireless lines (or channels) in conventional technology (PHS: Personal Handy System). 120 is a time unit called a slot (slot), which is composed of a collection of a plurality of signal symbols.
在图2中，4个时隙汇集而构成上行线路或者下行线路的脉冲串(burst)。由合并了上行与下行的8个时隙构成1个帧。进而，由汇集了80个帧的单位构成超帧(super frame)。In FIG. 2 , four time slots are aggregated to form an uplink or downlink burst. One frame is composed of 8 time slots combining uplink and downlink. Furthermore, a super frame (super frame) is constituted by a unit of 80 frames.
这里，上行线路与下行线路由称作TDD方式的时分复用方式复用。作为点，使用相同的频率，将时间分割来确保上行线路和下行线路。所谓的上行线路是从终端向基站的无线线路，所谓的下行线路是从基站向终端的无线线路。Here, the uplink and downlink are multiplexed by a time-division multiplexing method called a TDD method. As a point, using the same frequency, divide the time to ensure the uplink and downlink. The so-called uplink is the wireless link from the terminal to the base station, and the so-called downlink is the wireless link from the base station to the terminal.
在无线系统中，通过多个基站相互覆盖称作小区(cell)的区域，实现了面的覆盖区域。在TDD方式中，在时间上分割上行线路与下行线路。In a wireless system, a plurality of base stations mutually cover an area called a cell (cell) to realize a planar coverage area. In the TDD scheme, the uplink and downlink are divided in time.
发送电波的装置被分为基站和终端。因此，如图8所示，例如对于基站，除了来自通信中的终端的信号以外，还担心来自邻近基站的干扰、以及与邻近的基站处于通信状态的终端的干扰。如果在系统内的多个基站间能够正确地取得TDD的帧，则在基站接收的定时中，所有基站处于接收状态，所以前面说明的基站间的干扰在原理上不会发生。因而，能够降低起因于此的干扰。Devices that transmit radio waves are divided into base stations and terminals. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8 , for example, a base station is worried about interference from adjacent base stations and interference from terminals communicating with adjacent base stations in addition to signals from terminals in communication. If a TDD frame can be correctly acquired among a plurality of base stations in the system, all base stations are in the receiving state at the timing of receiving by the base stations, so the interference between the base stations described above does not occur in principle. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the interference caused therewith.
此外，如图9所示，在下行线路中，对于终端，除了来自通信中的基站的信号以外，考虑会发生来自邻近终端的干扰或来自与邻近的终端通信中的基站的干扰。在此情况下，也如果正确地遵循TDD帧，就能够防止终端间的干扰，所以能够削减干扰。In addition, as shown in FIG. 9 , in the downlink, for the terminal, in addition to the signal from the communicating base station, it is considered that interference from adjacent terminals or interference from base stations communicating with adjacent terminals may occur. Even in this case, if the TDD frame is correctly followed, interference between terminals can be prevented, and thus interference can be reduced.
这样，在TDD系统中，通过正确地取多个基站间的同步、终端与其同步，能够将干扰的构造抑制为特定的模式，能够抑制干扰。In this way, in the TDD system, by accurately achieving synchronization between a plurality of base stations and by synchronizing the terminal with it, the structure of interference can be suppressed to a specific pattern, and interference can be suppressed.
此外，近年来以OFDMA为基础的无线通信方式变得重要。在OFDM中，通过对OFDM符号添加CP(Cyclic Prefix，即循环前缀)，来降低多路的影响。如果利用该特长，则能够在空间中合成从多个基站送出的信号，能够得到位置分集(site diversity)效果。例如，通过从多个基站同时发送相同的信息，在终端侧能够实现接收空间合成的信号的SFN(Single Frequency Network，单频网络)。In addition, OFDMA-based wireless communication methods have become important in recent years. In OFDM, the impact of multipath is reduced by adding CP (Cyclic Prefix, cyclic prefix) to OFDM symbols. By utilizing this feature, it is possible to spatially combine signals sent from a plurality of base stations, thereby obtaining a site diversity effect. For example, by simultaneously transmitting the same information from a plurality of base stations, a SFN (Single Frequency Network, Single Frequency Network) for receiving spatially synthesized signals can be realized on the terminal side.
在非专利文献1中，记载有以OFDMA为基础的系统的结构。Non-Patent
通过SFN的实现，例如如小区边界等那样由于来自多个基站的信号干扰而灵敏度变差那样的区域中，也能够通过位置分集效果来提高接收灵敏度。By realizing the SFN, for example, in an area where sensitivity deteriorates due to signal interference from a plurality of base stations, such as a cell boundary, it is possible to improve reception sensitivity due to the position diversity effect.
为了实现SFN，要求从多个基站发送的信号的到达时间差为CP长以内。如果这样，通过接收到的信号在适当的定时取出FFT(Fast FourierTransform，快速傅立叶转换)尺寸的样本、将取出的信号进行FFT处理，能够实现空间合成。因而，各个基站需要以与CP长的长度相比足够短的精度在基站间同步。In order to realize SFN, it is required that the arrival time difference of signals transmitted from a plurality of base stations is within the CP length. In this way, spatial synthesis can be realized by taking out samples of FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) size at an appropriate timing from the received signal, and performing FFT processing on the taken out signal. Therefore, each base station needs to be synchronized among the base stations with an accuracy that is sufficiently short compared with the length of the CP.
作为以高精度确保基站间的同步的方法，已知有使用图3所示的GPS的方法。是各基站具备GPS接收机和与其同步的振荡器、通过与发信器同步来建立各基站的同步的结构。As a method of securing synchronization between base stations with high accuracy, a method using GPS shown in FIG. 3 is known. Each base station is equipped with a GPS receiver and an oscillator for synchronization therewith, and the synchronization of each base station is established by synchronizing with the transmitter.
各GPS接收机接收GPS卫星的信号，得到经度、纬度等的位置信息和定时等的时间信息。通过以该时间信息为触发校正上述的发信器，能够生成精度很高的时钟脉冲。该方法是能够容易建立同步的方法，另一方面，需要各基站具备昂贵的GPS振荡器，在基站的单价便宜的小型基站是难以采用的方法。Each GPS receiver receives signals from GPS satellites, and obtains position information such as longitude and latitude, and time information such as timing. By calibrating the transmitter described above using this time information as a trigger, it is possible to generate a highly accurate clock pulse. This method is a method that can easily establish synchronization, but requires each base station to have an expensive GPS oscillator, and is difficult to adopt for small base stations that are cheap in unit price.
在PHS中，有线网络连接在可分发高精度的时钟脉冲的ISDN线路上。因此，以从有线网络分发的时钟脉冲为基础，基于在空气中发送的信号取相位同步，则即使不具有GPS振荡器也能够进行基站间的同步。In the PHS, the wired network is connected to an ISDN line that can distribute high-precision clock pulses. Therefore, phase synchronization is performed based on a signal transmitted through the air based on a clock pulse distributed from a wired network, and synchronization between base stations can be performed without a GPS oscillator.
如图4所示，设置作为主导的基站(100-1)、周围的基站(100-2)同步于上述的主基站使用电波分发的定时信号的结构已实用化。As shown in FIG. 4 , a structure in which the main base station (100-1) and surrounding base stations (100-2) are synchronized with the above-mentioned main base station to distribute timing signals using radio waves has been put into practical use.
图1表示包括基站及终端的系统整体的结构。在图1中，基站100-1是具有GPS接收机111的结构的基站。FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the entire system including base stations and terminals. In FIG. 1 , a base station 100 - 1 is a base station having a structure of a
在专利文献1中，公开了能够生成频率同步于线路时钟脉冲、相位同步于PPS的定时时钟脉冲、多个基站能够在短时间内同步的无线电话系统的基站。
按照GPS接收机111生成的基准信号，时钟脉冲生成部112生成基准时钟脉冲。它作为主导时钟脉冲，RF部104及调制解调部105动作。由于主导时钟脉冲与GPS同步，所以该基站能够与系统的基准时间同步。接收该基站100-1发送的信号、与其同步的终端101也能够与系统同步。The
图1中记载的基站100-2是从基站。具有与另外准备的主基站同步的功能。The base station 100-2 shown in FIG. 1 is a slave base station. It has the function of synchronizing with the main base station prepared separately.
在专利文献2中，公开了如下的方法：无线基站按照预先设定的同步模式，从作为基准的无线基站(基站)接收包括控制CH信号的帧信号，使自站的接收定时与该帧信号内的控制CH信号的送出位置匹配，建立自站与基站的无线区间中的帧同步。
此外，在专利文献3中，为了实现多个基站间的同步，公开了如下的基站间同步信号校正方法：使用从有线传送路径供给的基准时钟脉冲和系统帧信号，并且接收其他基站发送的帧同步信号，根据上述基准时钟脉冲计算该同步信号相对于上述帧信号的延迟，能够进行系统的同步校正。Also, in
如果基站100-1是主基站，则基站100-1的调制解调部105生成作为基准的信号。该信号被发送给RF部，被变换为无线频率。变换后的信号被从天线103-1发送。发送的信号被从基站100-2的天线103-2接收。接收到的信号在RF部中被变换为基带频率。If the base station 100-1 is the master base station, the
被变换为基带频率的信号在调制解调部中被提取了定时，成为基准信号。按照该基准信号，时钟部生成基准信号。在这些基站连结的有线网络108中，除了基站控制部115以外，还有生成基站时钟脉冲的母时钟部109，将生成的母时钟脉冲通过有线网络分发。The timing of the signal converted to the baseband frequency is extracted in the modem unit, and becomes a reference signal. Based on this reference signal, the clock unit generates a reference signal. In the
有线网络接口部107提取由有线网络分发的母时钟脉冲。接着，从与其同步的时钟部112对RF部及调制解调部分发基准时钟脉冲。有线网络的母时钟脉冲成为处于有线网络上的基准，所以在系统中能够确保同步。The wired
但是，在母时钟脉冲的分发时，因传送距离而产生传送延迟，以其为原因而产生相位偏差。因此，作为系统，需要进行用来同步的相位的检测。进行该检测的是从基站通过天线103-2接收到的主基站的信号。通过进行接收信号的相位检测，从基站能够校正与主基站的定时偏差。However, at the time of distribution of the master clock pulse, a transmission delay occurs due to a transmission distance, and a phase shift occurs due to this. Therefore, as a system, it is necessary to detect a phase for synchronization. What performs this detection is the signal of the master base station received by the slave base station through the antenna 103-2. By performing phase detection of a received signal, the slave base station can correct a timing deviation from the master base station.
图5是说明上述的相位的同步的图。在作为主基站的BaseStation#1中，例如与GPS同步的时钟脉冲(GPS_CLK)作为基准。与从有线网络分发的时钟脉冲(NW_CLK)同步而生成时钟脉冲(Gene_CLK)。以NW_CLK的上升为契机而使频率校正(AFC)作用，生成稳定的时钟脉冲。并且，与GPS_CLK同步而生成无线信号脉冲串并发送(在图中是Wireless Burst Tx)。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the above-mentioned phase synchronization. In
接着，在不具有GPS等基准信号的从基站即BaseStation#2中，同样与从有线网络分发的时钟脉冲(NW_CLK)同步而生成时钟脉冲(Gene_CLK)。Next, in
但是，因为在有线网络中产生的延迟差，BaseStation#1与#2的NW_CLK的相位偏差T0’(1)-T0’(2)。从基站通过检测主基站发送的无线脉冲串的起始，能够将相位确定在不是有线网络延迟、而是无线传输的延迟以内。However, due to the delay difference generated in the wired network, the phase deviation of NW_CLK of
在从基站中，调节帧的定时，以使接收到的无线脉冲串的起始与自身发送的无线脉冲串的起始一致。如果一旦调节结束，则主站、从站都与相同的有线网络的时钟脉冲同步，所以只要不发生相位的滑移，就能够确保同步。In the slave base station, the frame timing is adjusted so that the start of the received radio burst coincides with the start of the radio burst transmitted by itself. Once the adjustment is completed, both the master station and the slave station are synchronized with the clock pulse of the same wired network, so as long as no phase slip occurs, synchronization can be ensured.
【专利文献1】：(日本)特开2001-285177[Patent Document 1]: (Japanese) Unexamined Patent Application No. 2001-285177
【专利文献2】：(日本)特开2006-211016[Patent Document 2]: (Japanese) Patent Application No. 2006-211016
【专利文献3】：(日本)特开平9-69811[Patent Document 3]: (Japanese) Patent Laid-Open No. 9-69811
【非专利文献1】IEEE C802.20-06/04.[Non-Patent Document 1] IEEE C802.20-06/04.
但是，为了实现SFN，需要以高精度进行基站同步。作为以往技术，有各基站具有GPS接收机、通过其精度进行同步的方法。However, in order to realize SFN, it is necessary to perform base station synchronization with high precision. As a conventional technique, there is a method in which each base station has a GPS receiver and synchronizes with its accuracy.
在可期待今后会有发展的宽频带通信中，由于终端也需要输出宽频带的信号，所以如日本的PHS(Personal Handy phone System)那样，认为以几百米间隔设置小型基站的服务形态也是有希望的。In the broadband communication that can be expected to develop in the future, since the terminal also needs to output a broadband signal, it is considered that there is also a service form in which small base stations are installed at intervals of several hundred meters like Japan's PHS (Personal Handy phone System) hopefully.
在这样的情况下，对于小型基站，需要具备组装有稳定的振荡器的GPS接收机。但是，虽然基站是小型而便宜的，但由于GPS接收机非常昂贵，所以若具备GPS接收机，则在成本的方面成为问题。Under such circumstances, it is necessary for a small base station to include a GPS receiver incorporating a stable oscillator. However, although a base station is small and cheap, since a GPS receiver is very expensive, providing a GPS receiver poses a problem in terms of cost.
此外，在以往的PHS中，组装有这样的结构：从有线网络供给高精度的时钟脉冲、在通常时通过与其同步，由此防止基站间的同步偏差。并且，组装有这样的结构：在夜间等通信空闲时接收特定的主基站送出的信号，周围的从基站校正绝对定时。In addition, conventional PHSs incorporate a structure in which high-precision clock pulses are supplied from a wired network and synchronized with them during normal times, thereby preventing synchronization deviation between base stations. In addition, a structure is incorporated in which a signal sent from a specific master base station is received at nighttime when communication is idle, and the surrounding slave base stations correct the absolute timing.
在该方法中，也需要使信号以足够的强度从主站到达从站。因此，从测量精度的方面、以及不能校正传输延迟的方面来看，有主导-从站间的距离受到限制等的问题。In this method, too, it is necessary for the signal to reach the slave station from the master station with sufficient strength. Therefore, there is a problem that the master-slave distance is limited in terms of measurement accuracy and inability to correct propagation delay.
为了以低成本提供定时校正方法，使各基站具备昂贵的GPS接收机是困难的。因而，从成本的方面来看，以往的主导-从属式的定时校正方法是优选的。In order to provide a timing correction method at low cost, it is difficult to equip each base station with an expensive GPS receiver. Therefore, the conventional master-slave timing correction method is preferable from the viewpoint of cost.
但是，在以往的方法中，作为第1问题，有“从接收灵敏度的方面来看，远离的基站间的校正较困难”的问题，作为第2问题，有“通过基站间距离的扩大，伴随着传输延迟的误差增大”的问题。However, in the conventional method, as the first problem, there is the problem of "correction between distant base stations is difficult from the viewpoint of receiving sensitivity", and as the second problem, there is "accompanied by the expansion of the distance between the base stations." The error of the transmission delay increases".
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述的问题，本发明的特征在于，具备以下的(1)～(3)。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized by including the following (1) to (3).
(1)设有用来取得自律分散地接近的基站的有线网络地址的结构。为此，作为主导的基站设有在夜间等空闲期在特定频率的特定定时发送具有有线网络地址信息的电波的结构。(1) There is a structure for acquiring the wired network addresses of the base stations approached autonomously and dispersedly. For this reason, the main base station is configured to transmit radio waves having wired network address information at a specific timing of a specific frequency during idle periods such as nighttime.
从基站接收该信号，能够取得主基站的有线网络地址。由此，即使不预先输入基站的配置信息等，各基站也能够获得使用接近的基站的有线网络的通信手段。(该过程对应于后述的第1阶段。)By receiving this signal from the base station, the wired network address of the main base station can be obtained. Accordingly, each base station can obtain a communication means using a wired network of a nearby base station without inputting the arrangement information of the base station or the like in advance. (This process corresponds to the first stage described later.)
(2)取得了有线网络地址的从基站具有如下的过程：利用所取得的网络地址，通过有线线路访问主基站，将从基站的存在通知给主基站，接收从从基站发送的信号，并委托用来测量传输时间的准备。(该过程对应于后述的第2阶段。)(2) The slave base station that has obtained the wired network address has the following process: use the obtained network address to access the master base station through a wired line, notify the master base station of the existence of the slave base station, receive the signal sent from the slave base station, and delegate The preparation used to measure transit time. (This process corresponds to the second stage described later.)
(3)通过使用从从站对主站返回信息的反馈式的定时校正方法，能够测量伴随传输的延迟的影响，并校正传输延迟带来的从站间的定时偏差，延长主-从站间的距离(该过程对应于后述的第3阶段。)(3) By using the feedback timing correction method of returning information from the slave station to the master station, it is possible to measure the influence of the delay accompanying the transmission, and correct the timing deviation between the slave stations caused by the transmission delay, and extend the master-slave station (This process corresponds to the third stage described later.)
进而，本发明通过将以下的过程(4)、(5)、(6)及(7)的至少一个追加到上述(1)、(2)、(3)的过程中，能够期待延长主基站与从基站间的距离、或提高定时测量精度等、进一步的效果。Furthermore, in the present invention, by adding at least one of the following procedures (4), (5), (6) and (7) to the above-mentioned procedures (1), (2), and (3), it is possible to expect to extend the main base station Further effects such as increasing the distance from the base station or improving timing measurement accuracy.
(4)主站或从站并不是单一的，通过具备发送多次的同步用信号、并在接收机侧将其合成的功能，具备即使微弱的电波也能够测量接收定时的结构。(4) There is no single master station or slave station. By having a function of transmitting a plurality of synchronization signals and synthesizing them on the receiver side, it has a structure that can measure reception timing even with weak radio waves.
进而，为了对其支持，具备经由有线网络、基站间能够直接或间接地通信的结构，即使在不能通过无线传送有意义的信号(信息)的远方的基站间，也能够实施同步顺序。Furthermore, in order to support this, it has a structure that allows direct or indirect communication between base stations via a wired network, and can implement synchronization procedures even between remote base stations that cannot transmit meaningful signals (information) wirelessly.
(5)通过收发超过5MHz的宽频带的同步用信号的结构，能够进行高精度的定时测量，保证SFN实施所需的同步性能。(5) High-accuracy timing measurement can be performed by transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal with a bandwidth exceeding 5 MHz, and the synchronization performance required for SFN implementation can be ensured.
(6)为了支援处于周围的主站的搜索，具有利用多跳技术、定期地通过无线报告用来访问主站的IP地址或者代替信息的结构。(6) In order to support the search of surrounding master stations, it has a structure to periodically report the IP address or substitute information for accessing the master station via wireless using the multi-hop technology.
(7)满足一定条件的从站定义为可信赖的从站，使其作为准主站动作。通过从站使用多个主站或准主站进行同步顺序，能够避免障碍物等的影响而进行稳定的同步建立。(7) A slave station that satisfies certain conditions is defined as a reliable slave station, and it acts as a quasi-master station. By performing synchronization sequence using multiple master stations or quasi-master stations as slave stations, stable synchronization can be established without the influence of obstacles, etc.
发明效果Invention effect
与以往相比能够削减GPS搭载基站的数量，能够进行便宜的系统构建。此外，能够进行高精度(＜0.5us)的同步，能够在无GPS的情况下实现SFN。进而，不仅是同步，PHS还需要自律分散的干扰控制功能，但如果使用多跳，则能够掌握周围的干扰站，所以也能够应用于基站间协作的信道分配。The number of GPS-equipped base stations can be reduced compared with conventional ones, and an inexpensive system construction can be performed. In addition, high-precision (<0.5us) synchronization is possible, and SFN can be realized without GPS. Furthermore, PHS requires an autonomous and decentralized interference control function not only for synchronization, but if multi-hop is used, nearby interfering stations can be grasped, so it can also be applied to channel allocation in cooperation between base stations.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是由以往技术构成的无线系统的结构图。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a wireless system constructed in the prior art.
图2是由以往技术构成的无线系统的帧结构。Fig. 2 is a frame structure of a radio system constructed in the prior art.
图3是由以往技术构成的无线系统的同步方法。Fig. 3 is a synchronization method of a radio system constituted by the prior art.
图4是由以往技术构成的无线系统的同步方法。Fig. 4 is a synchronizing method of a radio system constituted by the prior art.
图5是由以往技术构成的无线系统的同步方法。Fig. 5 shows a method of synchronizing a wireless system in the prior art.
图6是表示由本发明构成的第1实施例的阶段的图。Fig. 6 is a diagram showing stages of the first embodiment constituted by the present invention.
图7是表示由本发明构成的第1实施例的流程图。Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
图8是表示无线系统的干扰的图。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing interference in a radio system.
图9是表示无线系统的干扰的图。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing interference in a wireless system.
图10是表示由本发明构成的第2实施例的阶段的图。Fig. 10 is a diagram showing stages of the second embodiment constituted by the present invention.
图11是由本发明构成的第1实施例的通常期的帧结构。Fig. 11 is a frame structure in the normal period of the first embodiment of the present invention.
图12是由本发明构成的第1实施例的同步过程时的帧结构。Fig. 12 is a frame structure during the synchronization process of the first embodiment of the present invention.
图13是由本发明构成的第1实施例的发送机。Fig. 13 is a transmitter of the first embodiment constituted by the present invention.
图14是由本发明构成的第1实施例的接收机。Fig. 14 is a receiver of the first embodiment constituted by the present invention.
图15是表示无线系统的频率选择性的示意图。Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing frequency selectivity of a wireless system.
图16是由本发明构成的第1实施例的主站的流程图。Fig. 16 is a flow chart of the master station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
图17是由本发明构成的第1实施例的从站的流程图。Fig. 17 is a flow chart of the slave station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下，参照附图详细说明应用了本发明的通信系统。该有线网络的结构具备具有被从有线网络分发作为基准的时钟脉冲、与其同步的时钟部的基站。Hereinafter, a communication system to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The configuration of this wired network includes a base station having a clock unit that is distributed as a reference clock from the wired network and synchronized with it.
【实施例1】【Example 1】
各基站从存在于有线网络中的相同的母时钟接受时钟脉冲分发，控制本地振荡器的振荡频率。因此，在从有线网络分发的时钟脉冲的精度下频率稳定，不会发生颤动。但是，由于从母时钟分发时钟脉冲的传送距离因各基站而不同，所以在分发的时钟脉冲的相位中会发生不均匀。Each base station receives clock pulse distribution from the same master clock existing in the wired network, and controls the oscillation frequency of the local oscillator. Therefore, the frequency is stabilized with the precision of the clock pulses distributed from the wired network, without chattering. However, since the transmission distance of the clock pulses distributed from the master clock differs between base stations, unevenness occurs in the phase of the distributed clock pulses.
在由以往技术构成的基站中，从主站以无线发送已知的脉冲串信号，各从站接收上述脉冲串信号，通过与上述脉冲串信号同步来抑制相位不均匀。但是，在对以上述无线传送的脉冲串信号的同步中，有脉冲串信号的传输延迟作为固定的误差原因(相位偏差)残留的问题。In a conventional base station, a known burst signal is wirelessly transmitted from a master station, and each slave station receives the burst signal, and suppresses phase unevenness by synchronizing with the burst signal. However, in the synchronization of the above-mentioned wirelessly transmitted burst signal, there is a problem that the transmission delay of the burst signal remains as a fixed error cause (phase deviation).
所以，在应用了本发明的通信系统中，具备用来校正在上述的每个基站中发生的固定的误差原因的机构。Therefore, in the communication system to which the present invention is applied, a mechanism for correcting the fixed error cause occurring in each of the above-mentioned base stations is provided.
图6涉及应用了本发明的实施例1，是表示顺序的图。实施例大体分为3个阶段。Fig. 6 relates to
首先，第1阶段(Stage#1)是从主基站使用无线发送“同步用信号”的阶段。被发送的“同步用信号”分类为3种。First, the first stage (Stage#1) is a stage in which a "synchronization signal" is transmitted wirelessly from the primary base station. The "synchronization signal" to be transmitted is classified into three types.
第1信号是用来计测接收定时的导频信号(图中的Sync Signal)。导频信号是由主站固有的扰码或者扰码的相位构成的已知的信息。The first signal is a pilot signal (Sync Signal in the figure) for measuring reception timing. The pilot signal is known information consisting of a scrambling code specific to the master station or a phase of the scrambling code.
周围的从基站通过对接收到的信号、与扰码取匹配，能够测量接收定时。测量精度与导频信号的频带成反比例。例如，在以10MHz频带发送的信号中，能够以光速/频带宽＝299792458[m/s]/10000000[Hz]＝约30m的分辨率测量定时。The surrounding slave base stations can measure the reception timing by matching the received signal with the scrambling code. Measurement accuracy is inversely proportional to the frequency band of the pilot signal. For example, in a signal transmitted in a 10 MHz frequency band, the timing can be measured at a resolution of speed of light/frequency bandwidth=299792458 [m/s]/10000000 [Hz]=approximately 30 m.
第2信息是用来接收导频信号的辅助信息(图中的Sync SignalAssist)。The second information is auxiliary information for receiving pilot signals (Sync SignalAssist in the figure).
在辅助信息中，包含关于上述的扰码本身的信息。从站通过接收到的导频信号与扰码的匹配来进行定时测量，但为了确定取匹配的扰码来利用辅助信息。The auxiliary information includes information on the above-mentioned scrambling code itself. The secondary station performs timing measurement by matching the received pilot signal with the scrambling code, but uses auxiliary information to determine the matching scrambling code.
在主站发送扰码的情况下，扰码由例如PN系列生成，但该PN系列的周期(系列长)越长，在接收侧越能够将自相关抑制得较低，能够将能够以同相相加的期间取较长。结果，即使是微弱的信号也能够测量定时。When the master station transmits a scrambling code, the scrambling code is generated by, for example, a PN series, but the longer the period (series length) of the PN series, the lower the autocorrelation can be suppressed on the receiving side, and the in-phase The period of addition is longer. As a result, timing can be measured even for weak signals.
但是，扰码的周期越长，取匹配的扰码的种类及相位的确定变得越困难。所以，通过使用辅助信息传送扰码的生成多项式及当前的相位信息，能够生成与接收定时相匹配的扰码，能够减少定时测量所花费的时间。However, the longer the period of the scrambling code, the more difficult it becomes to determine the type and phase of the matching scrambling code. Therefore, by transmitting the generator polynomial of the scrambling code and the current phase information using the side information, it is possible to generate a scrambling code matching the reception timing, and reduce the time required for timing measurement.
第3信息是主站的IP地址信息(另外，所谓的IP地址信息是有线网络地址信息的一种)。如后面说明，在由本发明构成的系统中，不仅通过无线发送用来进行定时测量的信息，也通过有线网络进行。由此，能够尽量不使用有限的无线资源来进行定时测量。为了确保这样的经由有线网络的通信，需要主站的IP地址。The third information is IP address information of the master station (in addition, so-called IP address information is a type of wired network address information). As will be described later, in the system according to the present invention, information for timing measurement is not only transmitted wirelessly, but is also performed via a wired network. As a result, it is possible to perform timing measurement using limited radio resources as little as possible. In order to secure such communication via the wired network, the IP address of the master station is required.
该从站具有将接收到的“同步用信号”通过多跳(再传送)再传送给其他从站的结构。被再传送的信息是上述第2(地址信息)、第3(主站的IP地址)、和多跳的次数。接收到所发送的信息的基站能够根据该信息获知主站的IP地址。This slave station has a configuration for retransmitting the received "signal for synchronization" to other slave stations through multi-hop (retransmission). The information to be retransmitted is the above-mentioned No. 2 (address information), No. 3 (IP address of the master station), and the number of multi-hops. The base station that has received the transmitted information can know the IP address of the master station based on the information.
如果多跳的次数为规定值以下，并且周围的基站没有进行多跳，则从基站再传送所得到的信息。再传送的定时由随机数决定，进行多次再传送。If the number of times of multi-hop is less than a predetermined value, and the surrounding base stations do not perform multi-hop, the obtained information is retransmitted from the base station. The timing of retransmission is determined by a random number, and retransmission is performed multiple times.
通过该再传送操作，对于更远的基站也能够传送主站的扰码的信息和主站的IP地址。By this retransmission operation, the scrambled information of the master station and the IP address of the master station can also be transmitted to a further base station.
导频信号本身如前面说明那样，是由已知的扰码构成的信号。通过利用较长的编码长取匹配，即使是微弱的信号也能够进行检测，可测量的距离较长。另一方面，地址信息及IP地址等的信息对于接收侧来说是含有未知信息的信号，可接收的距离变短。多跳的功能是用来弥补该两者的优点差异的技术。The pilot signal itself is a signal composed of a known scrambling code as described above. By matching with a longer code length, even a weak signal can be detected, and the measurable distance is longer. On the other hand, information such as address information and an IP address is a signal containing unknown information to the receiving side, and the receivable distance becomes short. The multi-hop function is a technique for making up for the difference in merits of the two.
另外，在上述中，从主站发送的信号以及从从站再传送的信号既可以是由OFDM调制的信号，也可以是CDM信号。In addition, in the above, the signal transmitted from the master station and the signal retransmitted from the slave station may be signals modulated by OFDM or CDM signals.
接着，第2阶段(Stage#2)是这样的阶段，即，从基站通过有线网络对主基站发送“测量请求”、对主站通知从站的存在、委托进入到往返延迟的测量准备中。在请求中，包含用来接收从站的导频信号的辅助信息(关于该从站固有的扰码的信息)。Next, the second stage (Stage#2) is a stage in which the slave base station transmits a "measurement request" to the master base station through the wired network, notifies the master station of the existence of the slave station, and requests to enter the measurement preparation of the round-trip delay. In the request, auxiliary information (information on a scrambling code unique to the secondary station) for receiving the pilot signal of the secondary station is included.
主站通过响应信号(以下称做“ACK”)信号的发送对该从站通知准备的完成。该ACK信号的传送也通过有线网络进行。The master station notifies the slave station of the completion of the preparation by transmission of a response signal (hereinafter referred to as "ACK") signal. The transmission of the ACK signal is also performed through the wired network.
接着，第3阶段(Stage#3)是从从基站使用无线发送同步用信号的阶段。以接收到来自主站的ACK信号为契机，从基站进入到该阶段。Next, the third stage (Stage#3) is a stage in which a synchronization signal is transmitted wirelessly from the secondary base station. The slave base station enters this stage upon receiving the ACK signal from the master station.
第3阶段的从站基于自身的IP地址信息和在第2阶段中对主站通知的辅助信息发送导频信号。在主站中，使用预先获知的扰码和其相位，取与接收信号的匹配，由此来测量从站接收到的信号的接收定时。The secondary station in the third stage transmits a pilot signal based on its own IP address information and the auxiliary information notified to the master station in the second stage. In the master station, the reception timing of the signal received by the slave station is measured by matching with the received signal using a previously known scrambling code and its phase.
将测量结果经由有线网络回复给发送了信号的从站。由于与从站已经在有线网络中发送了ACK信息，所以能够无错误地通知接收定时的结果。The measurement result is returned to the slave station that sent the signal via the wired network. Since the ACK information has already been sent to the slave station on the wired network, the result of the reception timing can be notified without error.
在第3阶段，从站也报告IP地址。处于其周围的其他基站通过接收处于上述第3阶段的从站的IP地址，获知从站的存在，并且得到IP地址的信息。In
由于IP地址的信息在远方不能接收，所以能够得到该基站的IP地址的只是该从站周边的主或从基站。这里得到的IP地址被用于基站间协作等操作。Since the information of the IP address cannot be received at a remote place, only the master or slave base station around the slave station can obtain the IP address of the base station. The IP address obtained here is used for operations such as cooperation between base stations.
在使用无线的信息的交换中，会消耗贵重的频率资源。特别是在远方的基站间的通信中，需要使得用于传送1位的能量密度变大，需要较大的频率资源。另一方面，在经由有线网络的有线传送中，能够不使用无线资源而大致可靠地进行信息的传递。In the exchange of information using wireless, precious frequency resources are consumed. In particular, in communication between remote base stations, it is necessary to increase the energy density for transmitting 1 bit, and a large frequency resource is required. On the other hand, in wired transmission via a wired network, information can be transmitted almost reliably without using wireless resources.
所以，在应用了本发明的实施例1中，通过具备上述的第1阶段、第2阶段及第3阶段，在传输延迟的测量中使用无线线路，在进行这样的测量后的控制信息的交换中使用有线网络，来构建通信系统，由此能够实现在使贵重的无线资源的消耗为最小限度的同时能够进行定时测量的效果。Therefore, in the first embodiment to which the present invention is applied, by including the first stage, the second stage, and the third stage described above, the wireless line is used for the measurement of the transmission delay, and the exchange of control information after such measurement is performed By constructing a communication system using a wired network, it is possible to achieve the effect of enabling timing measurement while minimizing the consumption of expensive radio resources.
接着，说明有关本实施例的生成发送信号的结构。Next, a structure for generating a transmission signal according to this embodiment will be described.
在OFDM信号的情况下，发送机的结构(无线基站信息发送部)如图13所示。图13是发送扰码的信息的发送机的结构。例如，以有线的网络ID为基础，在PN生成部1001制作PN编码系列的种子。In the case of an OFDM signal, the configuration of the transmitter (radio base station information transmitter) is as shown in FIG. 13 . Fig. 13 is a configuration of a transmitter for transmitting scrambled information. For example, based on the wired network ID, the
例如在有线网络ID是32位的地址的情况下，使其LSB24位为MSB，使低位4位填充了0的值为由32个抽头构成的PN编码系列的初始相位。初始相位以由系统决定的时刻为0时，以该时间为基准来变更相位。For example, when the wired network ID is a 32-bit address, the 24 LSB bits are set to the MSB, and the lower 4 bits are filled with 0s to be the initial phase of a PN code series consisting of 32 taps. When the initial phase is 0 at a time determined by the system, the phase is changed based on that time.
通过这样，能够制作具有与周围的基站独立的相位的PN系列。在接着的MAP部1002，将按照该种子生成的扰码与由时间轴、频率轴构成的2维资源匹配。匹配的信息在IFFT部1003中被变换为时间信号。根据需要被附加CP(Cyclic Prefix)。IFFT部的输出在RF部1004被变换为无线频率，被从天线发送。By doing so, it is possible to create a PN series having a phase independent from that of surrounding base stations. In the
此外，由本发明构成的实施例的接收机(无线基站信息接收部)由图14所示的结构实现。在本结构中，能够实现两种延迟曲线(profile)制作方法。In addition, the receiver (radio base station information receiving unit) of the embodiment constituted by the present invention is realized by the configuration shown in FIG. 14 . In this configuration, two delay profile creation methods can be realized.
天线接收到的信号被RF部1101实施放大、频率调制，被变换为基带频率。The signal received by the antenna is amplified and frequency modulated by the
在匹配过滤器部1105中，变换后的信号用于通过需要接收的导频信号、或为了检测定时而插入的特定的图案(扰码及其相位)的检测来检测接收定时(第1方法)。In the matched
在该第1方法的情况下，使用匹配过滤器部1105作为同步信号接收定时测量部。In the case of the first method, the matched
根据得到的定时，FFT部1102将RF部1101输出的基带信号进行FFT处理，变换为频率区域的信号。从变换后的信号中取出特定的频率及时间的信息，作为相关器1106的输入。Based on the obtained timing, the
在相关器1106中，进行通过导频信号等预先准备的图案的扰频解除，进行通过IFFT运算的延迟曲线制作(第2方法)。In the
在该第2方法的情况下，使用匹配过滤器部1106作为同步信号接收定时测量部。In the case of the second method, the matched
如果延迟曲线的峰值超过了规定的水平，则检测对应于上述准备的模式的信号。检测到的信号根据延迟曲线的延迟量完成时间测量。If the peak value of the delay profile exceeds a prescribed level, a signal corresponding to the above-mentioned prepared pattern is detected. The detected signal is time measured according to the delay amount of the delay curve.
这里提示了两个延迟曲线制作方法，但也可以是其他的方法，只要是制作延迟曲线的方法，就能够得到本发明的效果。例如，将通过第1方法得到的延迟曲线合成，即使是微弱的信号也能够检测信号。有线网络ID等的信息被逆映射部1103从FFT部1102的输出中取出特定的频率及时间的信息，由解调部1104解调而取出。Here, two delay profile creation methods are suggested, but other methods are also possible, and the effect of the present invention can be obtained as long as the delay profile is created. For example, by synthesizing the delay curves obtained by the first method, even a weak signal can be detected. Information such as the cable network ID is extracted by the
在上述的实施例中，对于特定的频率及时间区域将扰频图案与信息分割发送，但在扰频图案本身中编入网络ID等的信息，根据与在延迟曲线制作过程中得到的扰频图案的匹配来取出信息的方法也是本发明的范畴。根据得到的网络ID，该基站能够获知处于周围的基站的网络ID。In the above-mentioned embodiment, the scrambling pattern and the information are sent separately for a specific frequency and time zone, but information such as the network ID is programmed into the scrambling pattern itself, and the scrambling pattern obtained during the delay curve creation process is used to A method of extracting information by matching patterns is also within the scope of the present invention. Based on the obtained network ID, the base station can know the network IDs of the surrounding base stations.
此外，从站也可以为了将主站的信息通过多跳传递给周围的基站而具备图13的结构，利用它生成传递信息并发送。In addition, the slave station may have the configuration shown in FIG. 13 to transfer the information of the master station to the surrounding base stations through multi-hops, and use this to generate transfer information and transmit it.
图12表示应用了本发明的实施例1的帧格式。纵轴是频率，在本例中表示通常的信号的占用频带是1.275MHz。横轴是时间，帧在本例中是将5ms的单位8分割的TDMA帧。Fig. 12 shows the frame format of
如果将分割后的单位称作时隙，则最初的4个时隙用于下行线路，后面的4个时隙用于上行线路。将N个TDMA帧汇集而构成1个基础帧，基础帧的起始的第1时隙是与下行线路用的同步信号共通控制信道用的时隙。此外，第5时隙是用来发送上行线路用的接入探测信号的时隙。If the divided unit is called a slot, the first four slots are used for the downlink, and the next four slots are used for the uplink. N TDMA frames are assembled to form one basic frame, and the first slot at the beginning of the basic frame is a slot for a control channel common to a downlink synchronization signal. Also, the fifth slot is a slot for transmitting an access probe signal for uplink.
如果将作为本发明的特征的在基站间发送相互的定时调节用的信号的控制信号的无线信道称作基站间协作用信道(BSCCH)，则主基站发送的BSCCH被置于第2TDMA帧的第1时隙中。If the wireless channel that transmits the control signal of the signal for mutual timing adjustment between base stations as a feature of the present invention is called an inter-base station cooperation channel (BSCCH), then the BSCCH transmitted by the main base station is placed in the second TDMA frame. 1 time slot.
相对于此，从基站发送的向主基站的定时测量用的信号被置于第3TDMA帧的第1时隙中。并且，从基站将从主基站发送的信号进行多跳的信号，被置于第4TDMA帧的第1时隙中。On the other hand, the signal for timing measurement to the master base station transmitted from the slave base station is placed in the first slot of the third TDMA frame. In addition, the slave base station multi-hops the signal transmitted from the master base station into the first slot of the fourth TDMA frame.
这样，通过在特定的时隙中利用多个子带发送信息，避免了频率选择性的影响，也避免了与通常的通信的干扰，能够进行时间同步。进而，如果将一系列的测量动作预先编程以使其在夜间等的通信空闲期实施，则能够几乎全部消除对通常通信的影响。In this way, by transmitting information using a plurality of subbands in a specific time slot, it is possible to perform time synchronization while avoiding the influence of frequency selectivity and also avoiding interference with normal communication. Furthermore, if a series of measurement operations are preprogrammed to be performed during a communication idle period such as at night, it is possible to almost completely eliminate the influence on normal communication.
在通常的时间中，如图11所示，基站间协作用信道(BSCCH)被分配给数据发送用的信道(DCH)。At normal times, as shown in FIG. 11 , the inter-base station coordination channel (BSCCH) is assigned to the data transmission channel (DCH).
利用图7说明第1实施例的顺序。首先，主基站(BaseStation#1)发送同步信号或作为规定的信号的导频信号和自身的IP地址、用来接收同步信号或导频信号的地址信息(S201-1，或者S202)。The procedure of the first embodiment will be described using FIG. 7 . First, the master base station (BaseStation#1) transmits a synchronization signal or a pilot signal as a predetermined signal, its own IP address, and address information for receiving the synchronization signal or pilot signal (S201-1 or S202).
在多跳的情况下，从基站(BaseStation#n)接收信息并再传送(S201-2)。被再传送的信息是用来接收主基站的IP地址和同步信号的辅助信息。这里，所谓的辅助信息是扰码的种类及相位等的信息，用于削减用来接收同步信号的运算量。In the case of multi-hop, information is received from the base station (BaseStation#n) and retransmitted (S201-2). The retransmitted information is auxiliary information for receiving the IP address of the main base station and the synchronization signal. Here, the so-called auxiliary information is information such as the type and phase of the scrambling code, and is used to reduce the amount of computation for receiving the synchronization signal.
从基站(BaseStation#2)接收同步信号，在能够接收的情况下，经由有线的网络接口(NW-IF)，对主基站发送同步信号的“测量请求”(S203、S204)。在请求信息中，包含有用来接收将来从基站发送的同步信号的辅助信息。由于经由有线网络发送请求(S204)，所以请求(S204)不消耗无线资源。The slave base station (BaseStation#2) receives the synchronization signal, and when it can receive it, transmits a "measurement request" of the synchronization signal to the main base station via the wired network interface (NW-IF) (S203, S204). The request information includes auxiliary information for receiving a synchronization signal to be transmitted from the base station in the future. Since the request (S204) is transmitted via the wired network, the request (S204) does not consume wireless resources.
如果经由有线的网络接口(NW-IF)接收到请求(S205、S206)，则主站判断是否没有与其他请求的冲突等的阻塞原因，判断何时能够进行测量。接着，如果成为能够测量的时刻，则经由有线网络接口发送ACK(S206、S207、S208)。When the request is received via the wired network interface (NW-IF) (S205, S206), the master station judges whether there is no cause of congestion such as conflict with other requests, and judges when measurement can be performed. Next, when the time becomes measurable, ACK is transmitted via the wired network interface (S206, S207, S208).
从基站如果接收到ACK，则以无线发送同步信号(S209)。主基站在请求的接收阶段获取同步信号的辅助信息，所以利用它接收同步信号。主站测量从主基站发送同步信号到接收到从基站的同步信号为止的时间(D304)。Upon receiving ACK, the slave base station wirelessly transmits a synchronization signal (S209). The main base station acquires the auxiliary information of the synchronization signal during the request receiving phase, so it is used to receive the synchronization signal. The master station measures the time from when the master base station transmits the synchronization signal to when the slave base station receives the synchronization signal (D304).
该时间的测量也可以是相对于作为基准的时钟脉冲的相对量。测量结果经由有线网络被返回给从基站(S210、S211、S212)。在从基站中，测量从接收到主基站的同步信号到发送从站的同步信号为止的时间(D302)(该时间也可以是相对于基准时钟脉冲的相对量)，通过从由主基站返回的测量结果(D304)减去D302并除以2，计算传输延迟时间(D301＝D303)。The measurement of time may also be a relative quantity relative to a clock pulse as a reference. The measurement result is returned to the slave base station via the wired network (S210, S211, S212). In the slave base station, measure the time from receiving the synchronization signal of the master base station to sending the synchronization signal of the slave station (D302) (this time can also be a relative amount relative to the reference clock pulse), through the return from the master base station The measurement result (D304) is subtracted from D302 and divided by 2 to calculate the transmission delay time (D301=D303).
对于接收到同步信号的定时，回溯所测量的传输延迟时间后的时间是同步信号的发送定时，从基站与上述发送定时相匹配地进行帧的同步。由此，能够进行考虑到传输延迟的定时同步，解决了课题。The time at which the synchronization signal is received is traced back to the measured transmission delay time is the transmission timing of the synchronization signal, and the slave base station performs frame synchronization in accordance with the transmission timing. This enables timing synchronization in consideration of transmission delay, and solves the problem.
图15是频率选择性存在时的传输路径的示意图。横轴是频率，纵轴表示频率的品质。Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a transmission path when frequency selectivity exists. The horizontal axis is the frequency, and the vertical axis represents the quality of the frequency.
由于多路的影响，在传输路径中如图15中那样产生频率选择性。此时，如果仅通过例如#1的子带发送信号，则由于传输路径的品质而不能传送信号。特别是，这里讨论的是基站间的传送，传输路径的品质在时间上几乎不变化。Due to the influence of multipath, frequency selectivity occurs in the transmission path as in FIG. 15 . At this time, if a signal is transmitted only through the
因而，为了稳定地传送信息而需要以宽频带发送。此外，如果使用宽频带的信息，则时间方向的分辨率变高。例如，在1MHz的带宽中，时间方向的分辨率为约1us，而在10MHz的带宽中，可以改善为0.1us。Therefore, in order to transmit information stably, it is necessary to transmit over a wide frequency band. Also, if broadband information is used, the resolution in the time direction becomes high. For example, in a bandwidth of 1 MHz, the resolution in the time direction is about 1 us, but in a bandwidth of 10 MHz, it can be improved to 0.1 us.
图16是表示主基站的动作的流程图。基站如果成为特定的时间带则投入本过程。首先，判断自身是否是主站(2001)。如果是主站，则发送基站间协作用信道(BCSCCH)。Fig. 16 is a flowchart showing the operation of the main base station. The base station enters this process when it becomes a specific time zone. First, it is judged whether itself is the master station (2001). If it is the primary station, it transmits the inter-base station cooperation channel (BCSCCH).
发送的时隙为图12的500。接着，等待来自有线网络的“测量请求”，如果接收到测量请求，则根据该信息(扰频图案)，准备来自从站的基站间协作信道的接收。The time slot for sending is 500 in FIG. 12 . Next, it waits for a "measurement request" from the wired network, and if a measurement request is received, it prepares for reception of an inter-base station coordination channel from a slave station based on the information (scrambling pattern).
接收的时隙为图12的501。如果接收到，则将测量结果经由有线网络返回给该从站(2003)。检查是否是信息传输空闲期的基站间协作被许可的时间带(2004)。如果是时间内，则继续观测。如果为时间外，则停止基站间协作用信道的发送。The received time slot is 501 in FIG. 12 . If received, the measurement results are returned to the slave station via the wired network (2003). It is checked whether it is a time zone in which cooperation between base stations is allowed in the information transmission idle period (2004). If it is time, continue to observe. If it is out of time, the transmission of the inter-base station cooperation channel is stopped.
图17是表示从基站的动作的流程图。基站如果成为特定的时间带，则投入本过程。Fig. 17 is a flowchart showing the operation of the slave base station. The base station enters this process when it becomes a specific time zone.
首先，判断自身是否是从站(2101)。如果是从站，则接收基站间协作用信道(BSCCH)(2102)。接收的时隙为图12的500。测量自身的帧与接收到的信号的关系(2103)。First, it is judged whether itself is a slave station (2101). If it is a secondary station, it receives an inter-base station coordination channel (BSCCH) (2102). The received time slot is 500 in FIG. 12 . Measure own frame versus received signal (2103).
如果能够测量，则以任意的定时，通过有线网络对主站发送“测量请求”(2104)。接着，根据来自主站的ACK而在适当的定时发送基站间协作用信道，在适当的定时停止发送(2105)。If measurement is possible, a "measurement request" is sent to the master station via the wired network at an arbitrary timing (2104). Next, the inter-base station cooperation channel is transmitted at an appropriate timing based on the ACK from the master station, and the transmission is stopped at an appropriate timing (2105).
发送的时隙成为图12的501。等待经由有线网络从主站发送来的测量结果(2106)，利用结果计算校正的时间(2107)。The slot for transmission is 501 in FIG. 12 . It waits for the measurement result sent from the master station via the wired network (2106), and uses the result to calculate the corrected time (2107).
如以上说明，根据应用了本发明的实施例1，即使没有事前或经由有线网络通知接近的无线基站的网络地址信息，也能够自律收集配置在周围的无线基站的网络地址，并且能够使用上述网络地址经由有线网络在接近的无线基站间进行信息通信。As described above, according to
【实施例2】[Example 2]
在第1实施例中，主基站与从基站的关系是同样的，但通过正确的方法取同步后的从基站以与主基站相同程度的精度与系统同步。由此，能够使结束了一系列动作的从基站作为主基站动作。In the first embodiment, the relationship between the master base station and the slave base station is the same, but the synchronized slave base station is synchronized with the system with the same degree of precision as the master base station after being synchronized by a correct method. In this way, the slave base station that has completed a series of operations can be operated as the master base station.
这是第2实施例。在第2实施例中，还存在能够测量多个主基站的从基站。在此情况下，能够利用最小二乘法提高同步精度。在图10中，作为第4阶段，表示从基站成为准主基站时的顺序，能够使用利用多个基站(主站或者准主站)测量的结果，利用最小二乘法求出1个同步定时。This is the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, there are also slave base stations capable of measuring a plurality of master base stations. In this case, the synchronization accuracy can be improved by using the least square method. In FIG. 10 , as the fourth stage, the sequence when the slave base station becomes a quasi-master base station is shown, and one synchronization timing can be obtained by the least square method using the measurement results of multiple base stations (master stations or quasi-master stations).
工业实用性Industrial Applicability
本发明能够应用在无线通信底层结构中。特别是在采用TDD方式的无线通信中是有效的。The present invention can be applied in the bottom structure of wireless communication. In particular, it is effective in wireless communication using the TDD method.
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