CN101231037A - Concentrated solar collector - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及太阳能集热器领域，公开一种聚焦式太阳能集热器，它包括储热装置，其特征在于，还包括脉动热管和反射聚光板，所述脉动热管置于所述反射聚光板的焦点处，所述脉动热管的冷凝端置于储热装置内。本发明采用脉动热管集热，传热形式为相变与对流结合，具有更高的热流密度，而且受重力影响小，非常适合与建筑物屋顶、壁面、阳台结合，节约安装空间。本发明适宜作为家用热水器，也可以块式组合实现大面积高温集热。

The invention relates to the field of solar heat collectors, and discloses a concentrating solar heat collector, which includes a heat storage device, and is characterized in that it also includes a pulsating heat pipe and a reflective concentrating plate, and the pulsating heat pipe is placed on the reflective concentrating plate. At the focal point, the condensing end of the pulsating heat pipe is placed in the heat storage device. The invention adopts pulsating heat pipes to collect heat, and the heat transfer form is a combination of phase change and convection. It has higher heat flux density and is less affected by gravity. It is very suitable for combining with building roofs, walls, and balconies, saving installation space. The invention is suitable as a household water heater, and can also be combined in blocks to realize large-area high-temperature heat collection.

Description

Translated fromChinese

聚焦式太阳能集热器Concentrated solar collector

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及太阳能集热器领域，尤其涉及一种聚焦式太阳能集热器。The invention relates to the field of solar heat collectors, in particular to a concentrated solar heat collector.

背景技术Background technique

太阳能热水器是太阳能热利用的主要产品之一。目前，普及最广的太阳能热水器是全玻璃真空管热水器和热管真空管热水器。全玻璃真空管太阳能热水器，靠自然对流换热、集热，换热效率较低。热管真空管热水器是在玻璃真空管内部插入一根金属热管，热管的另一端(冷凝端)插入水箱。这两种形式热水器的集热管都采用单层或者双层玻璃管真空保温，工艺复杂；集热真空管尺寸在Φ47mm以上，整个集热面较厚；热水器受重力影响大，集热段必须在水箱的下部，安装需要专门空间，不适合与建筑物表面结合；而且成本高，市场价格在1000元/m²以上，限制了在农村地区的大面积普及，经济效益和社会效益受到限制。Solar water heater is one of the main products of solar thermal utilization. At present, the most popular solar water heaters are all-glass vacuum tube water heaters and heat pipe vacuum tube water heaters. The all-glass vacuum tube solar water heater relies on natural convection for heat transfer and heat collection, and the heat transfer efficiency is low. The heat pipe vacuum tube water heater inserts a metal heat pipe inside the glass vacuum tube, and the other end (condensing end) of the heat pipe is inserted into the water tank. The heat collecting tubes of these two types of water heaters use single-layer or double-layer glass tubes for vacuum insulation, and the process is complicated; the size of the heat-collecting vacuum tubes is above Φ47mm, and the entire heat-collecting surface is relatively thick; the water heater is greatly affected by gravity, and the heat-collecting section must be in the water tank. The lower part requires a special space for installation and is not suitable for combination with the building surface; and the cost is high, the market price is above 1000 yuan/^m2 , which limits the large-scale popularization in rural areas, and the economic and social benefits are limited.

聚焦型热管式热水器，目前市场上还没有成熟的产品。中国专利文献CN1746590A和CN2937941Y提出在双层玻璃管内部加反射镜进行聚焦，但是工艺比较复杂，而且热管是单根形式，主要靠自然对流换热，热效率较低，水的自然对流换热系数一般在200～1000W/(m²·K)而强制对流换热的换热系数为1000～15000W/(m²·K)；中国专利文献CN2674360Y提出利用菲涅耳透镜聚焦，菲涅耳透镜本身透光率在0.9左右，同时聚焦时有部分光被散射，没有反射聚焦效率高，而且加工成本高，难度大。Focusing type heat pipe water heater, there is no mature product on the market at present. Chinese patent documents CN1746590A and CN2937941Y propose to add a reflector inside the double-layer glass tube to focus, but the process is more complicated, and the heat pipe is a single form, mainly relying on natural convection heat transfer, the thermal efficiency is low, and the natural convection heat transfer coefficient of water is average The heat transfer coefficient of forced convection heat transfer is 1000-15000W/(m² ·K) at 200-1000W/(m² ·K); Chinese patent document CN2674360Y proposes to use Fresnel lens to focus, and the Fresnel lens itself is transparent The light rate is about 0.9, and at the same time, some light is scattered when focusing, without reflection, the focusing efficiency is high, and the processing cost is high and difficult.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于针对上述技术缺陷，提供一种新型聚焦式太阳能集热器。它工艺简单，成本低廉，热效率高，而且受重力影响小，可以与建筑物表面结合，不需要专门的安装空间。The object of the present invention is to provide a novel concentrating solar thermal collector aiming at the above-mentioned technical defects. It has simple process, low cost, high thermal efficiency, and is less affected by gravity. It can be combined with the surface of buildings without requiring a special installation space.

本发明的工作原理是利用脉动热管来实现换热。脉动热管是上世纪90年代提出的一种新型高效热管(Akachi H.Looped Cappillary Patent.JapanesePatent，No.Hci697147)，该发明的初衷是针对大功率电子芯片的冷却而设计。它是将一根毛细管抽真空，根据需要将其弯成蛇形结构，然后充注部分工作介质(如水、氟利昂、乙醇等)，在管内就会形成间歇的气塞和液塞。脉动热管按照各部分吸热与放热可以分为集热段、绝热段和冷凝段三部分，绝热段可以省略。其工作原理为：集热段管内液体工质受热气化，气体工质吸热膨胀，集热端压力升高推动工质脉动涌向冷凝段，冷凝端工质冷凝，气体工质放热，压力降低，由于管内气塞和液柱分布不均匀，导致脉动热管沿程的压力分布不均匀，管内工质会形成有脉动的循环，将热量从集热端传递到冷凝端，从而实现高效的热量传递。工质在脉动热管内的循环有很大的随机性，实际工作过程中顺时针和逆时针方向循环都是随机发生，而且循环方向也是随机改变的。脉动热管按照其封装形式，可以分为回路型(Looped)和非回路型(Unlooped)两种。The working principle of the present invention is to use the pulsating heat pipe to realize heat exchange. The pulsating heat pipe is a new type of high-efficiency heat pipe (Akachi H. Looped Cappillary Patent. Japanese Patent, No. Hci697147) proposed in the 1990s. The original intention of this invention is to design for the cooling of high-power electronic chips. It vacuumizes a capillary tube, bends it into a serpentine structure as required, and then fills part of the working medium (such as water, freon, ethanol, etc.), forming intermittent air and liquid plugs in the tube. The pulsating heat pipe can be divided into three parts according to the heat absorption and heat release of each part, the heat collection section, the heat insulation section and the condensation section, and the heat insulation section can be omitted. Its working principle is: the liquid working medium in the tube of the heat collecting section is heated and vaporized, the gas working medium absorbs heat and expands, the pressure at the heat collecting end increases and the working medium pulsates to the condensing section, the working medium at the condensing end condenses, the gas working medium releases heat, and the pressure Due to the uneven distribution of air plug and liquid column in the tube, the pressure distribution along the pulsating heat pipe will be uneven, and the working fluid in the tube will form a pulsating cycle, which will transfer heat from the heat collecting end to the condensing end, so as to achieve efficient heat transfer. transfer. The circulation of the working fluid in the pulsating heat pipe has great randomness. In the actual working process, the clockwise and counterclockwise circulations occur randomly, and the circulation direction also changes randomly. The pulsating heat pipe can be divided into two types: Looped and Unlooped according to its packaging form.

根据上述工作原理，本发明的技术解决方案是这样实现的，一种聚焦式太阳能集热器，包括储热装置，其特征在于，还包括脉动热管和反射聚光板，所述脉动热管置于所述反射聚光板的焦点处，所述脉动热管的冷凝端置于储热装置内。According to the above working principle, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way, a concentrating solar heat collector, including a heat storage device, is characterized in that it also includes a pulsating heat pipe and a reflective concentrating plate, and the pulsating heat pipe is placed in the At the focal point of the reflective light-gathering plate, the condensation end of the pulsating heat pipe is placed in the heat storage device.

所述反射聚光板为抛物面或半圆形面，所述反射聚光板镀有反射材料；所述反射材料为银。The reflective light-gathering plate is a paraboloid or a semicircular surface, and the reflective light-gathering plate is coated with a reflective material; the reflective material is silver.

所述脉动热管由铜或其合金、铝或其合金毛细管弯曲而成；所述脉动热管表面涂敷具有高透过性可见光的选择性涂层；选择性涂层可以是半导体涂层、光干涉涂层、米氏散射涂层、多孔涂层等；所述半导体涂层为硅(Si)、黑铬(Cr_xO_y)、氧化铁(Fe₃O₄)等；光干涉涂层为氧化铝-氧化钼-氧化铝(Al₂O₃-Mo_x-Al₂O₃、AMA)三层膜涂层；米氏散射涂层为钼-氧化铝(Co-Al₂O₃)涂层、金-氧化铝(Au-Al₂O₃)涂层；多孔涂层为通过化学腐蚀在铜表面形成具有林曼状结构的铜-氧化铜(Cu-CuO)涂层。The pulsating heat pipe is bent from copper or its alloy, aluminum or its alloy capillary; the surface of the pulsating heat pipe is coated with a selective coating with high transmittance of visible light; the selective coating can be a semiconductor coating, light interference coating, Mie scattering coating, porous coating, etc.; the semiconductor coating is silicon (Si), black chromium (Cr_x O_y ), iron oxide (Fe₃ O₄ ), etc.; optical interference coating is oxide Aluminum-molybdenum oxide-alumina (Al₂ O₃ -Mo_x -Al₂ O₃ , AMA) three-layer film coating; Mie scattering coating is molybdenum-alumina (Co-Al₂ O₃ ) coating, Gold-aluminum oxide (Au-Al₂ O₃ ) coating; the porous coating is a copper-copper oxide (Cu-CuO) coating with a Linmann-like structure formed on the copper surface by chemical corrosion.

所述脉动热管内充注有占管内体积30％～70％的传热工质；所述传热工质为水或乙醇或氟利昂。The pulsating heat pipe is filled with heat-transfer working medium accounting for 30%-70% of the inner volume of the tube; the heat-transfer working medium is water, ethanol or Freon.

所述脉动热管优先采用回路型脉动热管。The pulsating heat pipe preferably adopts a loop type pulsating heat pipe.

所述储热装置是储热水箱或者集热管。The heat storage device is a hot water storage tank or a heat collection pipe.

本发明利用太阳光直接照射到抛物线聚焦板上，被反射聚焦到涂有选择性涂层的脉动热管，脉动热管吸收太阳光，加热集热段管内工质，将热量从集热端传递到冷凝端。本发明与传统的太阳能热水器相比：无需双层玻璃集热，结构简单，成本低廉；传热形式采用相变和对流相结合，工质脉动循环，比常规重力热管具有更高的热流密度；制造工艺简单，易封装，好加工，只需将合适管径的管子弯曲，就构成一根脉动热管；集热板厚度小，在5倍聚焦倍数下只需要10mm厚，非常适合与建筑物屋顶、壁面、阳台相结合；靠毛细作用和脉动力循环传热，集热性能受重力影响小，可以适合多角度安装或者跟踪阳光。The invention uses sunlight to directly irradiate the parabolic focusing plate, which is reflected and focused to the pulsating heat pipe coated with selective coating, the pulsating heat pipe absorbs sunlight, heats the working medium in the heat collecting section, and transfers heat from the heat collecting end to the condensation end. Compared with traditional solar water heaters, the present invention does not require double-layer glass heat collection, has a simple structure and low cost; the heat transfer form adopts a combination of phase change and convection, and the working medium pulses and circulates, and has a higher heat flux density than conventional gravity heat pipes; The manufacturing process is simple, easy to package, and easy to process. You only need to bend a tube with a suitable diameter to form a pulsating heat pipe; the thickness of the heat collector plate is small, only 10mm thick under 5 times the focusing multiple, which is very suitable for building roofs , wall, and balcony; relying on capillary action and pulsating force cycle heat transfer, the heat collection performance is less affected by gravity, and can be suitable for multi-angle installation or tracking sunlight.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

图2是聚焦式脉动热管太阳能集热器剖视图。Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a focused pulsating heat pipe solar collector.

图3是脉动热管的两种基本形式，图3(a)为回路型脉动热管，图3(b)为非回路型脉动热管。Figure 3 shows two basic forms of pulsating heat pipes, Figure 3(a) is a loop-type pulsating heat pipe, and Figure 3(b) is a non-loop-type pulsating heat pipe.

图4是集热器中脉动热管的4种具体布置形式。Figure 4 shows four specific arrangements of pulsating heat pipes in the collector.

图5是反射聚光板截面形状及脉动热管固定位置示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape of the reflective light-condensing plate and the fixed position of the pulsating heat pipe.

图6是带单层保温玻璃的集热器横截面示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a collector with a single layer of insulating glass.

图7是带双层保温玻璃的集热器横截面示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collector with double-layer insulating glass.

图8是脉动热管安装角度示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation angle of the pulsating heat pipe.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

参照图1，本发明的一种具体实施方式，脉动热管3采用铜质毛细管弯曲而成回路型，该脉动热管表面涂有选择性涂层Ni-Al2O3，该选择性涂层能对可见光透过性很高，而自身红外辐射很低，能富集太阳能。脉动热管3内抽真空(管内压力≤1×10^-2Pa)，充注占管内体50％的水后密封。该脉动热管3的冷凝端置于储热水箱1中，其集热端置于储热水箱1外，并且回路型脉动热管3和储热水箱1连接处通过密封件6密封。反射聚光板4与储热水箱1固定连接，该反射聚光板4为一组并排的抛物面，其表面镀有反光材料银。脉动热管3通过卡子2和螺栓5固定在反射聚光板4上的对应抛物面焦点处。Referring to Fig. 1, a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pulsatingheat pipe 3 adopts a copper capillary bent to form a loop type, and the surface of the pulsating heat pipe is coated with a selective coating Ni-Al2O3, which can transmit visible light It is highly resistant, and its own infrared radiation is very low, which can enrich solar energy. Vacuumize the inside of the pulsating heat pipe 3 (inner pressure of the pipe ≤ 1×10^-2 Pa), fill with water accounting for 50% of the inner body of the pipe and then seal it. The condensing end of the pulsatingheat pipe 3 is placed in the hotwater storage tank 1 , the heat collecting end is placed outside the hotwater storage tank 1 , and the connection between the loop type pulsatingheat pipe 3 and the hotwater storage tank 1 is sealed by aseal 6 . The reflective light-gathering plate 4 is fixedly connected with the hotwater storage tank 1, and the reflective light-gathering plate 4 is a group of parallel paraboloids, the surface of which is plated with reflective material silver. The pulsatingheat pipe 3 is fixed at the focal point of the corresponding parabola on the reflective concentratingplate 4 throughclips 2 andbolts 5 .

脉动热管3也可以采用铝、铝合金、铜、铜合金，其内径D根据管内工质的不同，满足$D\≤1.83\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\σ}}{g({\mathrm{\ρ}}_l-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_v)}}$，σ为工质的表面张力，g为重力加速度，ρ_l为工质饱和液体密度，ρ_v为工质饱和气体密度，例如，如果以水作为工质，脉动热管的内径应满足D≤4.6mm。脉动热管3内抽真空后可充注占管内体积30％～70％的传热工质，该传热工质根据集热温度的不同，可以选择水、酒精、氟利昂等。脉动热管3表面的选择性涂层可以是半导体涂层、光干涉涂层、米氏散射涂层、多孔涂层等。所述半导体涂层可以为硅(Si)、黑铬(Cr_xO_y)、氧化铁(Fe₃O₄)等；光干涉涂层可以为氧化铝～氧化钼～氧化铝(Al₂O₃-Mo_x-Al₂O₃、AMA)三层膜涂层；米氏散射涂层可以为为钼-氧化铝(Co～Al₂O₃)涂层、金-氧化铝(Au-Al₂O₃)涂层等；多孔涂层为通过化学腐蚀在铜表面形成具有林曼状结构的铜-氧化铜(Cu-CuO)涂层。The pulsatingheat pipe 3 can also adopt aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, and its internal diameter D satisfies the requirement of$\mathrm{D.}\≤1.83\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\σ}}{g({\mathrm{\ρ}}_l-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_v)}}$ , σ is the surface tension of the working fluid, g is the acceleration of gravity, ρ_l is the density of the saturated liquid of the working medium, and ρ_v is the density of the saturated gas of the working medium. For example, if water is used as the working medium, the inner diameter of the pulsating heat pipe should satisfy D≤4.6 mm. After the pulsatingheat pipe 3 is evacuated, it can be filled with a heat transfer fluid accounting for 30% to 70% of the tube volume. The heat transfer fluid can be selected from water, alcohol, Freon, etc. according to the heat collection temperature. The selective coating on the surface of the pulsatingheat pipe 3 may be semiconductor coating, optical interference coating, Mie scattering coating, porous coating and the like. The semiconductor coating can be silicon (Si), black chromium (Cr_x O_y ), iron oxide (Fe₃ O₄ ), etc.; the optical interference coating can be aluminum oxide ~ molybdenum oxide ~ aluminum oxide (Al₂ O₃ -Mo_x -Al₂ O₃ , AMA) three-layer film coating; the Mie scattering coating can be molybdenum-alumina (Co～Al₂ O₃ ) coating, gold-alumina (Au-Al₂ O₃ ) Coating etc.; Porous coating is to form the copper-copper oxide (Cu-CuO) coating with Linmann structure on copper surface by chemical corrosion.

参照图2和图5，太阳光直接照射到抛物线聚焦板4上，被反射聚焦到在焦点处的涂有选择性涂层的脉动热管3，脉动热管3管内液体工质受热气化，气体工质吸热膨胀，集热端压力升高推动工质脉动涌向冷凝端，冷凝端工质冷凝，气体工质放热，压力降低，由于管内气塞7和液柱8分布不均匀，导致压力分布不均匀，管内工质会形成有脉动的循环，将热量从集热端传递到冷凝端9，从而实现了加热热水的目的。工质在脉动热管内的循环有很大的随机性，实际工作过程中顺时针和逆时针方向循环都是随机发生，而且循环方向也是随机改变的。Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the sunlight directly irradiates on theparabolic focusing plate 4, and is reflected and focused to the pulsatingheat pipe 3 coated with selective coating at the focal point. The mass absorbs heat and expands, and the pressure at the heat collecting end increases to push the working fluid to pulsate to the condensing end. The condensing end of the working medium condenses, the gas working medium releases heat, and the pressure decreases. Due to the uneven distribution of thegas plug 7 and theliquid column 8 in the pipe, the pressure distribution is caused. Inhomogeneous, the working medium in the tube will form a pulsating cycle, which will transfer heat from the heat collecting end to the condensing end 9, thus achieving the purpose of heating hot water. The circulation of the working fluid in the pulsating heat pipe has great randomness. In the actual working process, the clockwise and counterclockwise circulations occur randomly, and the circulation direction also changes randomly.

参照图3，脉动热管具体封装形式有两种，首尾相接的为回路型脉动热管(如图3a所示)，管内工质会在管内形成循环脉动；另一种是非回路型脉动热管(如图3b所示)，管内工质会在管内脉动，不能完成循环脉动，但是会发生几秒钟的单向脉动流动，随后脉动流动方向会相反，如此反复。Referring to Figure 3, there are two specific packaging forms of the pulsating heat pipe. The end-to-end connection is a loop-type pulsating heat pipe (as shown in Figure 3a), and the working medium in the tube will form a cyclic pulsation in the tube; the other is a non-loop-type pulsating heat pipe (such as As shown in Figure 3b), the working fluid in the tube will pulse in the tube, and the cycle pulse cannot be completed, but a unidirectional pulsating flow will occur for a few seconds, and then the direction of the pulsating flow will be reversed, and so on.

参照图4，脉动热管的弯曲布置形式可以有四种，对回路型脉动热管来讲，可以将长横管道封入集热水箱1内部(如图4(a)所示)，作为冷凝段，也可以倒置，封在水箱1外部(如图4(c)所示)，作为集热段；对非回路型脉动热管，其封头可以封装在水箱1内(如图4(b)所示)，也可以倒置(如图4(d)所示)。Referring to Fig. 4, there are four types of bending arrangements of the pulsating heat pipes. For the loop-type pulsating heat pipes, long horizontal pipes can be sealed inside the water collection tank 1 (as shown in Fig. 4(a)) as the condensation section, It can also be inverted and sealed outside the water tank 1 (as shown in Figure 4(c)), as a heat collecting section; for non-loop type pulsating heat pipes, its head can be packaged in the water tank 1 (as shown in Figure 4(b) ), can also be inverted (as shown in Figure 4(d)).

参照图5，脉动热管3被固定于反射聚焦面焦点处，反射聚焦面4的截面形状满足y＝4fx²。阳光垂直入射，经反射聚焦面4反射聚焦后垂直入射到脉动热管3表面，通过脉动热管3表面的选择性涂层，热量被管内工质吸收。Referring to FIG. 5 , the pulsatingheat pipe 3 is fixed at the focal point of the reflective focus plane, and the cross-sectional shape of thereflective focus plane 4 satisfies y=4fx² . The sunlight is vertically incident, reflected and focused by the reflective focusingsurface 4, and then vertically incident on the surface of the pulsatingheat pipe 3, through the selective coating on the surface of the pulsatingheat pipe 3, the heat is absorbed by the working fluid in the tube.

参照图6，在脉动热管3上平面加盖单层保温玻璃10，减少脉动热管对外的热量损失。反射聚焦面4下层为聚氨酯泡沫保温层11，起到保温作用。参照图7，脉动热管3上平面的保温玻璃也可以是两层的，更能减少脉动热管对外的红外辐射，起到保温作用。Referring to Fig. 6, the pulsatingheat pipe 3 is covered with a single layer of insulatingglass 10 to reduce the external heat loss of the pulsating heat pipe. The lower layer of the reflective focusingsurface 4 is a polyurethanefoam insulation layer 11, which plays a thermal insulation role. Referring to Fig. 7, the insulating glass on the upper plane of the pulsatingheat pipe 3 can also be two layers, which can further reduce the external infrared radiation of the pulsating heat pipe and play a role of heat preservation.

参照图8(a)、图8(b)，脉动热管受热面与水平面的夹角θ的范围为0°～90°。例如脉动热管3和反射聚焦板4紧贴竖直建筑物表面(阳台外表面)的时候，脉动热管与水平面的夹角为90°。Referring to Fig. 8(a) and Fig. 8(b), the angle θ between the heating surface of the pulsating heat pipe and the horizontal plane ranges from 0° to 90°. For example, when the pulsatingheat pipe 3 and the reflective focusingplate 4 are close to the vertical building surface (the outer surface of the balcony), the included angle between the pulsating heat pipe and the horizontal plane is 90°.

Claims (10)

1. a Columnating type solar thermal collector comprises heat-storing device, it is characterized in that, also comprises pulsating heat pipe and reflecting condensation plate, and described pulsating heat pipe places the focus place of described reflecting condensation plate, and the condensation end of described pulsating heat pipe places in the heat-storing device.

2. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflecting condensation plate is parabolic or semicircle face, and described reflecting condensation plate is coated with reflecting material silver.

3. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pulsating heat pipe is formed by the capillary bending of copper or aluminium or copper alloy or aluminium alloy.

4. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that described pulsating heat pipe surface applied has the selective coating of high-permeability visible light.

5. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described selective coating is coated semiconductor or interference of light coating or Mie scattering coating or porous coating.

6. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described coated semiconductor is silicon (Si) or black chromium (Cr_xO_y) or iron oxide (Fe₃O₄).

7. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described interference of light coating is aluminium oxide-molybdenum oxide-aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃-Mo_x-Al₂O₃, AMA) the trilamellar membrane coating.

8. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described porous coating is copper-cupric oxide (Cu-CuO) coating with the graceful shape structure of woods.

9. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is filled with the heat-transfer working medium that accounts for pipe inner volume 30%～70% in the described pulsating heat pipe.

10. a kind of Columnating type solar thermal collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that described pulsating heat pipe preferentially adopts the loop type pulsating heat pipe.

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