CN101213577B - Smart operation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an operating device (1) for closing and/or opening a movable part (2), in particular a door, a tailgate or the like, having at least one sensor (3) for detecting an access attempt and at least one transmission unit (4) for activating an external ID transmitter (11). In order to retrofit existing access control systems designed as active keyless access systems to passive keyless access systems, the invention proposes that the operating device (1) also have a control unit (7) which is connected to the transmitter unit (4) and/or the sensor (3). The invention also relates to a vehicle having an operating device (1) according to the invention and to an access control system for a vehicle.

Description

Translated fromChinese

智能操作装置Smart operation device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的、用于关闭和/或打开可移动部件，特别是门、后背箱盖等的操作装置，该操作装置具有至少一个用于识别进入企图的传感器和至少一个发送单元，该发送单元用于起动外部的ID(身份)发送器。此外，本发明还涉及一种根据权利要求17和18的车辆。同样，本发明还涉及一种根据权利要求19的进入控制系统/门锁控制系统。The invention relates to an operating device for closing and/or opening movable parts, in particular doors, tailgates, etc., according to the preamble ofclaim 1, the operating device having at least one An entry attempt sensor and at least one transmitting unit for activating an external ID (identity) transmitter. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle according toclaims 17 and 18 . Likewise, the invention also relates to an access control system/door lock control system according toclaim 19 .

背景技术Background technique

对于本领域技术人员来说，权利要求1的前序部分所述类型的操作装置例如在机动车辆技术中是已知的。例如专利文献DE19617038C2公开了一种用于机动车辆的操作装置，这种操作装置允许所谓的“被动无钥匙进入”(无钥匙进入)机动车辆。这里，所述操作装置构成整个进入控制系统的一部分。这里，该操作装置以其现有的电气装置或电子装置固定地集成到其余的进入控制系统中。使用者必须随身携带相应的遥控身份识别装置，简称ID发送器，由此才能确保使用者能够进入其机动车辆的车厢内。通过操作装置中的电气装置或电子装置可以识别使用者试图进入其车辆的进入企图，据此，由车辆内部的发送及接收单元向所述遥控身份识别器(下面简称ID发送器)发出所谓的唤醒信号或起动信号。外部的ID发送器检测所述起动信号，据此，所述ID发送器此时起动与进入控制系统的其余部分的身份识别过程。所述身份识别通常在外部的ID发送器和车辆内部的发送及接收单元之间进行，所述发送及接收单元又将所接收到的信号传送给身份识别及控制单元。当由外部的ID发送器进行被动的身份识别时，则例如通过由中央门锁解除车门的锁定而允许进入机动车辆的车厢内。由此，使用者具有通过拉动操作装置而打开车门的可能性。前面所述的身份识别过程在几分之一秒之内运行完成，因而使用者不会感觉到该身份识别过程。因此，总体上，通过所述的被动无钥匙进入系统，使得使用者可以便利地进入车辆。Operating devices of the type mentioned in the preamble ofclaim 1 are known, for example, from motor vehicle technology to the person skilled in the art. For example, patent document DE19617038C2 discloses an operating device for a motor vehicle which allows so-called "passive keyless entry" (keyless entry) of a motor vehicle. Here, the operating device forms part of the overall access control system. Here, the operating device is permanently integrated with its existing electrical or electronic system into the rest of the access control system. The user must carry a corresponding remote identification device, referred to as an ID transmitter, so as to ensure that the user can enter the compartment of his motor vehicle. The user's attempt to enter his vehicle can be identified by the electrical device or electronic device in the operating device. Accordingly, the sending and receiving unit inside the vehicle sends a so-called A wake-up signal or a start signal. An external ID transmitter detects the start signal, as a result of which the ID transmitter now initiates the identification process with the rest of the access control system. The identification usually takes place between an external ID transmitter and a transmission and reception unit inside the vehicle, which in turn transmits the received signal to the identification and control unit. In the case of passive identification by an external ID transmitter, access to the interior of the motor vehicle is granted, for example by unlocking the doors by the central locking system. The user thus has the possibility to open the door by pulling the operating device. The aforementioned identification process is completed within a fraction of a second, so the user will not feel the identification process. Therefore, generally, through the passive keyless entry system, the user can conveniently enter the vehicle.

此外现有技术中还已知一种较老式的用于车辆的进入控制系统，在所述系统中同样使用外部的ID发送器，以释放或锁定向车辆内部空间的进入。为此目的，所述外部的ID发送器具有至少一个按键，为了起动已经说明的、ID发送器和车辆内部的发送及接收单元之间的身份识别过程，使用者必须操作所述按键。因此，在这种进入控制系统中放弃使用操作装置中的电气装置或电子装置来识别使用者的进入企图。这种进入控制系统也称作主动无钥匙进入系统。因此在进一步改进的被动无钥匙进入系统中用自动起动代替了手动起动(例如通过所述的按压按键)外部的ID发送器。Furthermore, older access control systems for vehicles are also known from the prior art, in which systems likewise use external ID transmitters to release or lock access to the vehicle interior. For this purpose, the external ID transmitter has at least one button which must be actuated by the user in order to start the already described identification process between the ID transmitter and the vehicle-internal transmitter and receiver unit. In such an access control system, therefore, the use of electrical or electronic devices in the operating device for detecting an access attempt by the user is dispensed with. Such access control systems are also referred to as active keyless entry systems. In the case of a further improved passive keyless entry system, manual activation (for example by pressing a button as described) is used instead of an external ID transmitter for manual activation.

发明内容Contents of the invention

因此，由以上所述的现有技术出发，本发明的目的在于，将现有的设计为主动无钥匙进入系统的进入控制系统以简单的方式和方法改装成被动进入控制系统。这里，既不用改动现有的车辆电子装置，也不用更换进入系统现有的发送及控制电子装置。Therefore, starting from the prior art described above, the object of the present invention is to retrofit an existing access control system designed as an active keyless entry system into a passive access control system in a simple manner. Here, neither the existing vehicle electronics need to be modified nor the existing transmission and control electronics of the entry system need to be replaced.

通过根据本发明的、具有权利要求1的特征的操作装置来实现所述目的。This object is achieved by an operating device according to the invention having the features ofclaim 1 .

在从属权利要求2至16中列出了本发明优选的改进方案。此外，在权利要求17和18中要求保护具有根据本发明的操作装置的车辆。最后一个权利要求涉及一种进入控制系统。Preferred developments of the invention are listed insubclaims 2 to 16 . Furthermore, a vehicle having an operating device according to the invention is claimed inclaims 17 and 18 . The last claim relates to an access control system.

根据本发明的构想，所述操作装置还具有控制单元，所述控制单元与所述操作装置内部的发送单元和/或传感器相连。由此，根据本发明的操作装置具有了一定的智能，该智能是通过所述附加的控制单元来实现的。由于这种智能，所述操作装置能够借助于其传感器识别外部使用者的进入企图，并在此时借助于操作装置中的控制单元控制向外部的ID发送器发送必要的起动信号。所述ID发送器在获得该起动信号时起动身份识别过程。为此，所述外部的ID发送器将向车辆内部的发送及接收单元传送编码信号。所述发送及接收单元捕获该发送的编码信号并将相应的数据传递给车辆中的身份识别及控制单元。此时，所述身份识别及控制单元可以通过所述发送及接收单元向所述ID发送器发送信号，以由此使得在外部的ID发送器和车辆内部的发送及接收单元之间运行不同的安全程序。如果所述外部的ID发送器确认了合法身份，则释放车辆的进入，即允许进入车辆。由此，可以打开可移动的、特别是可以由门、盖等组成的部件。根据本发明的操作装置通常设置在所述可移动部件上或部分地设置在其中。According to the idea of the present invention, the operating device further has a control unit, and the control unit is connected to the sending unit and/or the sensor inside the operating device. As a result, the operating device according to the invention has a certain intelligence which is realized by the additional control unit. Due to this intelligence, the operating device is able to detect an entry attempt by an external user by means of its sensors and at this time to control the transmission of the necessary activation signal to the external ID transmitter by means of the control unit in the operating device. The ID transmitter initiates the identification process upon obtaining this activation signal. For this purpose, the external ID transmitter transmits a coded signal to the transmission and reception unit inside the vehicle. The sending and receiving unit captures the sent coded signal and transmits the corresponding data to the identification and control unit in the vehicle. At this time, the identification and control unit can send a signal to the ID transmitter through the sending and receiving unit, so that different ID transmitters can be operated between the external ID transmitter and the sending and receiving unit inside the vehicle. security procedures. If the external ID transmitter confirms the legal identity, the entry of the vehicle is released, that is, the vehicle is allowed to enter. As a result, movable parts, which may in particular consist of doors, covers or the like, can be opened. The operating device according to the invention is generally arranged on or partly in said movable part.

由此，通过根据本发明的操作装置可以将所述主动无钥匙进入系统改装成被动无钥匙进入系统。为此，只需要用根据本发明的操作装置替换至少一个纯机械式的用于关闭和打开可移动部件的操作装置。此外，还必须用外部的被动ID发送器代替具有至少一个起动按键的外部ID发送器。此外，不需要对现有的主动无钥匙进入系统进行其它改动。因此不必介入车辆电气装置或车辆电子装置。这里需要指出，术语电气装置和电子装置应理解为同义词，除非在下面的说明中对这两个术语进行明确的区分。本发明的优点在于，通过用根据本发明的操作装置更换纯机械式的操作装置以及通过更换相应的ID发送器可以不需要任何改动而利用现有进入控制系统的其余电子装置。由此通过本发明可以实现简单地将主动无钥匙进入系统改装成被动无钥匙进入系统。The active keyless entry system can thus be converted into a passive keyless entry system by means of the operating device according to the invention. For this, it is only necessary to replace at least one purely mechanical actuating device for closing and opening the movable part by the actuating device according to the invention. Furthermore, the external ID transmitter with at least one activation button must be replaced by an external passive ID transmitter. Furthermore, no other modifications to existing active keyless entry systems are required. Intervention of the vehicle electrical system or the vehicle electronics system is therefore not necessary. It should be pointed out here that the terms electrical device and electronic device should be understood as synonyms unless the two terms are clearly distinguished in the following description. The advantage of the invention is that by replacing a purely mechanical actuating device with an actuating device according to the invention and by exchanging a corresponding ID transmitter, the remaining electronics of an existing access control system can be used without any modifications. A simple retrofit of an active keyless entry system to a passive keyless entry system can thus be achieved by means of the invention.

在本发明的一种特别的设计方案中，设置在操作装置中的发送单元发出低频(LF)信号以起动外部ID发送器。通过使用该LF信号，可以使得由第三方进行的对所述信号的不合法检测变得困难。由此应可以避免对所发出的信号数据的截取。当然也可以由操作装置内部的发送单元发出高频(HF)信号以起动外部的ID发送器。In a special refinement of the invention, a transmitting unit arranged in the operating device emits a low-frequency (LF) signal to activate the external ID transmitter. By using this LF signal, illegal detection of said signal by a third party can be made difficult. Interception of the transmitted signal data should thus be avoided. Of course, a high-frequency (HF) signal can also be emitted by a transmitter unit inside the operating device to activate an external ID transmitter.

此外可以设想，由设置在操作装置中的发送单元发出使得在所述ID发送器中产生感应电压的信号。该感应电压可以用于，使得所述ID发送器可以进行另外的身份识别过程。这里，所述感应电压可以用于使ID发送器在没有附加的能量源(电池等形式的)的情况下运行。同样，该信号也可以带有编码。Furthermore, it is conceivable that a signal is emitted by a transmitting unit arranged in the operating device, which causes an induced voltage to be generated in the ID transmitter. This induced voltage can be used so that the ID transmitter can carry out further identification procedures. Here, the induced voltage can be used to operate the ID transmitter without an additional energy source (in the form of a battery or the like). Likewise, this signal can also be coded.

在所述操作装置的另一个设计方案中，所述控制单元可以与发送单元和/或传感器电连接。这里，前面所述的电气元件可以布置在串联或并联电路中。还可以设想，所述传感器通过发送单元间接地与所述控制单元相连。为了建立电连接可以使用电导线。同样可以设想，所述电气元件只是通过一个或多个印刷电路板相互连接形成的。也可以采用屏蔽的导线作为电连接导线。此外还可以设想，采用标准化的数据总线进行电连接。In a further refinement of the operating device, the control unit can be electrically connected to the transmitter unit and/or the sensor. Here, the aforementioned electrical components may be arranged in a series or parallel circuit. It is also conceivable that the sensor is indirectly connected to the control unit via a transmission unit. To establish the electrical connection, electrical lines can be used. It is also conceivable that the electrical components are only formed by interconnecting one or more printed circuit boards. Shielded wires can also be used as electrical connection wires. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to use a standardized data bus for the electrical connection.

为了给所述操作装置配备一定的智能，还可以实现的是，所述控制单元包括至少一个逻辑元件，在所述逻辑元件内发生预先给定的方法流程。由此根据本发明的操作装置就获得了期望的功能。通过所述逻辑元件还可以对所发出的起动信号进行加密或编码。优选可以对所述逻辑元件进行编程，以便可以由此实现不同的方法流程。In order to equip the operating device with a certain intelligence, it can also be realized that the control unit includes at least one logic element in which a predetermined method sequence takes place. The desired function is thus achieved by the operating device according to the invention. The issued activation signal can also be encrypted or coded by means of the logic element. The logic element is preferably programmable so that different method sequences can be realized thereby.

在本发明的另一个设计方案中，所述控制单元和/或发送单元和/或至少一个传感器被设计成一个电气或电子模块。因此可以省去所述控制单元、发送单元和/或传感器在结构上的分隔部。同样地，所述由控制单元、发送单元和至少一个传感器组成的并布置在所述操作装置内的电气元件也可以被设计成机械模块。在这种机械式的模块中，可以用塑料或合成树脂包围注塑所述各电气元件，从而使所述各电气元件形成唯一的一个构件。也可以设想，将所述三个元件布置在唯一的一个电路板上。所述电路板本身又可以用塑料或合成树脂浇注。这样设计的电气或机械模块优选为防水密封地嵌入所述操作装置中。同样也可以将所述模块焊接或浇注地设置在所述操作装置中。In a further embodiment of the invention, the control unit and/or the transmitting unit and/or the at least one sensor are designed as an electrical or electronic module. Structural partitions of the control unit, transmitter unit and/or sensor can thus be omitted. Likewise, the electrical component comprising the control unit, the transmitter unit and at least one sensor and arranged in the operating device can also be designed as a mechanical module. In such a mechanical module, the electrical components can be overmolded with plastic or synthetic resin so that they form a single component. It is also conceivable to arrange the three components on a single printed circuit board. The circuit board itself can in turn be cast with plastic or synthetic resin. An electrical or mechanical module designed in this way is preferably embedded in the operating device in a watertight and tight manner. Likewise, the modules can also be arranged in the handling device by welding or casting.

在所述操作装置的一种特别的实施方式中，至少一个传感器被构造为非接触式传感器。通过所述非接触式传感器，已经可以识别操作者或使用者接近所述操作装置。由此，例如可以在操作装置中设置电容传感器。所述电容传感器例如在操作装置中被定向为朝向现有的把手凹槽，例如把手凹槽另一侧上的金属板用作电容式传感器的对应件。如果所述可移动部件是车门，则整个车门都可以作为电容式传感器的对应件。也可以构想，使用霍尔传感器作为所述非接触式传感器。当然也可以使用光传感器或热传感器等。In a special embodiment of the operating device, at least one sensor is designed as a contactless sensor. Via the non-contact sensor it is already possible to detect the approach of an operator or user to the operating device. Thus, for example, a capacitive sensor can be provided in the operating device. The capacitive sensor is for example oriented towards an existing handle recess in the operating device, for example a metal plate on the other side of the handle recess serves as a counterpart for the capacitive sensor. If the movable part is a door, the entire door can serve as a counterpart for the capacitive sensor. It is also conceivable to use Hall sensors as the contactless sensor. It is of course also possible to use a light sensor or a thermal sensor or the like.

在本发明的一种不同的设计方案中，将至少一个作为机械传感器的传感器设置在所述操作装置中。操作者必须接触所述机械式的传感器，才能产生信号。通常这种机械式传感器只有在机械操作之后才发出信号。该机械式的传感器例如可以采用开关、按键或屏面。单纯的接触式传感器例如可以采用压电传感器。所述机械式传感器这样设置在所述操作装置中，即使得在操作所述操作装置时同时操作所述机械式传感器。In a different refinement of the invention, at least one sensor is arranged in the actuating device as a mechanical sensor. An operator must touch the mechanical sensor in order to generate a signal. Usually such mechanical sensors only emit a signal after mechanical operation. The mechanical sensor can be, for example, a switch, a button or a screen. As simple contact sensors, piezoelectric sensors can be used, for example. The mechanical sensor is arranged in the operating device in such a way that it is simultaneously actuated when the operating device is actuated.

为了使根据本发明的操作装置能够自给能量，即能够独立于外部电源或能量源地运行，例如可以设置有至少一个电池或蓄电池作为所述电气元件的电源。在所述操作装置中设有可封闭的开口，所述电池或蓄电池隐藏在所述开口之下，由此可以更换电池或蓄电池。为了使所述操作装置具有美观的外观，所述必要的开口可以附加地设置盖板。In order for the operating device according to the invention to be self-powered, ie to be able to be operated independently of an external power supply or energy source, for example at least one battery or accumulator can be provided as a power supply for the electrical components. A closeable opening is provided in the operating device, under which the battery or accumulator is concealed, so that the battery or accumulator can be replaced. In order to provide the operating device with an aesthetically pleasing appearance, the necessary opening can additionally be provided with a cover.

同样可以设想，根据本发明的操作装置设置有至少一个太阳能电池作为用于所述电气元件的能量源。除了使用太阳能电池以外，还可以附加地设置蓄电池或电容器形式的电蓄能器。由此可以不必更换用完的电池。太阳能电池本身可以这样设置在所述操作装置的内部，即，使日光可以直接到达所述太阳能电池的表面。还可以设想，所述太阳能电池布置在所述操作装置的外部，而所产生的能量通过一根或多根导线传输给所述操作装置。It is also conceivable for the operating device according to the invention to be provided with at least one solar cell as energy source for the electrical component. In addition to the use of solar cells, electrical energy stores in the form of accumulators or capacitors can additionally be provided. This makes it unnecessary to replace exhausted batteries. The solar cells themselves can be arranged in the interior of the operating device in such a way that sunlight can directly reach the surface of the solar cells. It is also conceivable that the solar cells are arranged outside the operating device and that the energy generated is transmitted to the operating device via one or more lines.

在所述操作装置的一个附加的设计方案中，所述设置在操作装置中的电气元件只与外部的能量源相连接。在车辆中，为此可将现有的电池用作外部能量源。在这里应指出的是，在所述操作装置和其余的车辆电气装置或电子装置之间不需要存在其它的连接。因此简单的如在机动车领域使用的12伏接口或如在载重车领域使用的24伏接口就足以给所述电气元件供电。In an additional refinement of the operating device, the electrical components arranged in the operating device are only connected to an external energy source. In vehicles, existing batteries can be used as an external energy source for this purpose. It should be pointed out here that no further connections need be present between the operating device and the rest of the vehicle electrical or electronic system. A simple 12-volt connection, as used in the motor vehicle sector, or a 24-volt connection, as used in the truck sector, is therefore sufficient for supplying the electrical components.

为了以简单的方式将所述电气元件设置在所述操作装置中，操作装置在内部具有空腔。该空腔可以在纵向侧上从所述操作装置的一个端部延伸穿到另一个端部。同样可以设想，所述空腔只在一端开口。此时，所述电气元件可以单个地或作为一个模块或多个模块而嵌入所述空腔中。此时，所述空腔本身相对于环境影响可以是封闭的。当所述操作装置使用外部能量源时，可以从所述空腔中导出一根或多根电导线。In order to accommodate the electrical component in the operating device in a simple manner, the operating device has a cavity inside. The cavity can extend on the longitudinal side from one end of the actuating device to the other end. It is also conceivable that the cavity is only open at one end. At this point, the electrical components may be embedded in the cavity individually or as a module or modules. In this case, the cavity itself can be closed against environmental influences. When the operating device uses an external energy source, one or more electrical leads can be led out of the cavity.

在所述操作装置的另一个实施例中，所述操作装置主要由塑料构成。此时，为形成前面所述的空腔，所述操作装置可以通过所谓的气体辅助注塑法(简称GAM法或GID法)或气体内压法制成。操作装置的塑料表面可附加地为部分或全部镀铬或涂漆的。In a further embodiment of the operating device, the operating device consists essentially of plastic. At this time, in order to form the aforementioned cavity, the operating device can be produced by the so-called gas-assisted injection molding method (GAM method or GID method for short) or gas internal pressure method. The plastic surface of the operating device can additionally be partly or completely chromed or painted.

操作装置本身可以设计成翻转式把手、拉动式手或转动式把手。也可以设想，将翻转式把手、拉动式把手或转动式把手的组合用作所述操作装置。根据操作装置的设计方案，应节省空间地布置各电气元件。在进一步的说明中将对此进行详细说明。The operating device itself can be designed as a flip handle, pull handle or turn handle. It is also conceivable to use a combination of a flip handle, a pull handle or a turn handle as the operating device. Depending on the design of the operating unit, the electrical components should be arranged in a space-saving manner. This will be explained in detail in the further description.

在本发明的另一个变型方案中，在操作装置的外部设置外部天线，所述天线与发送单元和操作装置相连。由此可以改善内部发送单元的发送功率。由此，即使在基本上由金属制成的操作装置中，本发明也可以起作用。所述外部天线应尽可能布置在距ID发送器的距离较小的位置。此外，还可以使用多个外部天线，以改善发送单元和ID发送器之间的信号传递。In a further variant of the invention, an external antenna is arranged outside the operating device, said antenna being connected to the transmitting unit and the operating device. As a result, the transmission power of the internal transmission unit can be improved. Thus, the invention can function even in operating devices substantially made of metal. The external antenna should be arranged as far away as possible from the ID transmitter. In addition, multiple external antennas can be used to improve the signal transfer between the sending unit and the ID transmitter.

另外，本发明还涉及一种车辆，特别是具有根据权利要求1至16中任一项的操作装置的机动车辆。这里在所述车辆中可以设置一个或多个根据本发明的操作装置。即使在前面的说明中多数讨论的是机动车辆，但车辆也可以理解成船只、飞机等。根据本发明的操作装置同样可以用于车库门或类似的场合。Furthermore, the invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, having an operating device according to any one ofclaims 1 to 16 . One or more operating devices according to the invention may be provided in the vehicle here. Even though motor vehicles have been mostly discussed in the foregoing description, vehicles may also be understood to mean boats, aircraft, and the like. The operating device according to the invention can also be used for garage doors or the like.

如果根据本发明的操作装置用于车辆、特别是机动车辆中，外部天线可以布置在车辆外后视镜上或该后视镜内。同样可以将现存的无线电或电话天线用作外部天线。If the operating device according to the invention is used in a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, the external antenna can be arranged on or in the vehicle exterior mirror. Existing radio or telephone antennas can likewise be used as external antennas.

此外，本发明还涉及一种具有发送及接收单元、身份识别及控制单元、外部ID发送器和按权利要求1至16中任一项的操作装置的进入控制系统。这里所述发送及接收单元以及身份识别及控制单元布置在车辆内部。上面所述的两个单元是已有的主动无钥匙进入系统的组成部分。所述系统通过外部的具有至少一个起动按键的ID发送器成为一一个完整的系统。为了将传统的进入控制系统改装或扩展成根据本发明的进入控制系统，只需要更换现有的ID发送器和纯机械式的操作装置。Furthermore, the invention relates to an access control system having a transmitting and receiving unit, an identification and control unit, an external ID transmitter and an operating device according to any one ofclaims 1 to 16 . The transmitting and receiving unit and the identification and control unit are arranged inside the vehicle here. The two units described above are part of the existing active keyless entry system. The system becomes a complete system via an external ID transmitter with at least one activation button. To retrofit or expand a conventional access control system to the access control system according to the invention, only the existing ID transmitter and the purely mechanical operating device need be replaced.

附图说明Description of drawings

本发明其它的措施和优点由从属权利要求、下面的说明和附图中得出。在附图中一方面示出了已知的现有技术，另一方面示意性地示出了本发明的多个实施例。其中：Further measures and advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the following description and the drawing. The drawing shows on the one hand the known prior art and on the other hand a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention. in:

图1以示意图的形式示出了具有单独设置的传感器、发送单元和控制单元的拉动把手形式的操作装置；FIG. 1 shows in schematic form an operating device in the form of a pull handle with a separately arranged sensor, sending unit and control unit;

图2以示意图的形式示出了具有由发送单元和控制单元以及附加的传感器组成的集成模块的转动把手形式的操作装置；FIG. 2 shows in schematic form an operating device in the form of a rotary handle with an integrated module consisting of a transmitter unit and a control unit as well as additional sensors;

图3以示意图的形式示出了具有模块的拉动把手形式的操作装置，所述模块包括传感器、发送单元和控制单元；FIG. 3 shows in schematic form an operating device in the form of a pull handle with a module comprising a sensor, a sending unit and a control unit;

图4示出了拉动把手形式的操作装置，该操作装置布置在可移动的部件上或可移动的部件内；Figure 4 shows an operating device in the form of a pull handle arranged on or in the movable part;

图5在被动无钥匙进入系统中以示意图的形式示出了现有技术I；以及Figure 5 shows the prior art I in schematic form in a passive keyless entry system; and

图6在主动无钥匙进入系统中以示意图的形式示出了现有技术II。FIG. 6 shows the prior art II in schematic form in an active keyless entry system.

附图标记说明Explanation of reference signs

1    操作装置1 operating device

2    可移动部件2 movable parts

3    传感器3 sensors

4    发送单元4 sending unit

5    4的外部天线5 4 external antennas

6    4的发送信号6 4 send signal

7    4的控制单元7 4 control unit

8    电导线8 electrical wires

9    1的手柄9 1 handle

10   模块10 modules

11   外部的ID发送器/遥控身份识别器11 External ID Transmitter/Remote ID Reader

12   11的按键12 11 keys

13   发送及接收单元13 Sending and receiving unit

14   11和13之间的发送或接收信号14 Send or receive signal between 11 and 13

15   身份识别及控制单元15 Identification and control unit

16   控制导线16 control wire

17   供电导线/12伏导线17 Power supply lead / 12 volt lead

18   电池/蓄电池18 battery/accumulator

19    太阳能电池19 solar cells

20    中央门锁元件20 central locking element

21    机械式锁芯21 mechanical lock cylinder

22    机械锁22 mechanical lock

23    连接元件23 Connection elements

24    凹槽24 grooves

25    杆件25 rods

26    铰接件26 hinges

27    车外后视镜27 Exterior mirrors

具体实施方式Detailed ways

在图5中针对现有技术I示意性地示出了已经说明的用于车辆的被动无钥匙进入系统。所述系统主要由车辆内部的发送及接收单元13以及车辆内部的身份识别及控制单元15组成，所述两个单元通过控制导线16和/或供电导线17彼此相连。此外，在车辆内部还设有至少一个中央门锁元件20，所述中央门锁元件20同样与身份识别及控制单元15和/或发送及接收单元13相连。通过让使用者必须随身携带外部的ID发送器11，可通过可移动的部件2确保进入目标，在当前情况下所述目标是车辆。当使用者现在试图操作操作装置1时，这种企图可以由所述操作装置1中的传感器3识别。所述传感器3向车辆内部的身份识别及控制单元15发送信号，所述身份识别及控制单元15根据该信号起动同样设置在所述操作装置1中的发送单元4，以向外部的ID发送器11发出起动信号。当外部的ID发送器11接收到所述来自发送单元4的发送信号6时，则起动ID发送器11和车辆内部的发送及接收单元13之间的身份识别过程。当在此时外部的ID发送器11被证实了具有进入权限时，则由车辆内部的身份识别及控制单元15通过中央门锁元件20解除车门的锁定。由此使用者可通过对操作装置1进行简单的操作来确保可进入车辆的内部。所述可移动部件2例如可以是门、盖等。在所示附图中，所述可移动部件2示意性地显示为门，特别是车门。例如由发送及接收单元13和身份识别及控制单元15组成的车辆内部的电子装置通常不是设置在所述可移动部件2中。当然也不排除，所述两个单元也可以设置在所述可移动部件2上或该可移动部件2内。The already described passive keyless entry system for a vehicle is shown schematically for prior art I in FIG. 5 . The system essentially consists of a vehicle-internal transmitter andreceiver unit 13 and a vehicle-internal identification andcontrol unit 15 , the two units being connected to one another via acontrol line 16 and/or apower supply line 17 . Furthermore, at least onecentral locking element 20 is provided in the vehicle interior, which is likewise connected to the identification andcontrol unit 15 and/or the transmitter andreceiver unit 13 . By obliging the user to carry theexternal ID transmitter 11 with him, access to the object, which in the present case is a vehicle, is ensured by themovable part 2 . If the user now attempts to operate theoperating device 1 , this attempt can be detected by thesensor 3 in saidoperating device 1 . Thesensor 3 sends a signal to the identification andcontrol unit 15 inside the vehicle, and the identification andcontrol unit 15 activates the sending unit 4 that is also arranged in theoperating device 1 according to the signal to send a signal to the external ID transmitter. 11 Send a start signal. When theexternal ID transmitter 11 receives thetransmission signal 6 from the transmission unit 4, the identification process between theID transmitter 11 and the transmission andreception unit 13 inside the vehicle is started. When at this point theexternal ID transmitter 11 has been verified as having access authorization, the vehicle door is unlocked by the vehicle interior identification andcontrol unit 15 via the centraldoor locking element 20 . The user can thus ensure access to the interior of the vehicle by simply operating theoperating device 1 . Themovable part 2 can be, for example, a door, a cover or the like. In the figures shown, saidmovable part 2 is shown schematically as a door, in particular a vehicle door. The electronics inside the vehicle, for example consisting of the transmitting and receivingunit 13 and the identification andcontrol unit 15 , are usually not arranged in themovable part 2 . Of course, it is not excluded that the two units can also be arranged on themovable part 2 or in themovable part 2 .

在另外的针对现有技术II的附图6中示意性地示出了已经说明的主动无钥匙进入系统。该系统同样具有车辆内部的发送及接收单元13以及身份识别及控制单元15，所述两个单元与中央门锁元件20相连。如果现在使用者希望进入车辆，则使用者必须通过例如操作按键12来操作外部的ID发送器11。由此起动外部的ID发送器11和车辆内部的发送及接收单元13之间的身份识别过程。如果外部的ID发送器11被证实为具有权限，同样如前面在现有技术I中所述的那样，通过身份识别及控制单元15和中央门锁元件20释放对车辆的进入。为了打开车门，操作者只需要再拉动操作装置1上的设计成转动式把手的手柄9。The already described active keyless entry system is schematically shown in FIG. 6 , which is further related to prior art II. The system likewise has a vehicle-internal transmitter andreceiver unit 13 and an identification andcontrol unit 15 , which are connected to acentral locking element 20 . If the user now wishes to enter the vehicle, the user must actuate theexternal ID transmitter 11 by, for example, operating thebutton 12 . This starts the identification process between theexternal ID transmitter 11 and the vehicle-internal transmitter andreceiver unit 13 . If theexternal ID transmitter 11 proves to be authorized, access to the vehicle is released via the identification andcontrol unit 15 and thecentral locking element 20 as described above inPrior Art 1. In order to open the vehicle door, the operator only needs to pull thehandle 9 on theoperating device 1 which is designed as a rotary handle.

在图1中示出了根据本发明的拉动式把手形式的操作装置1。在该操作装置1中，设有传感器3、发送单元4以及控制单元7。在操作装置1中，所述三个电气元件在结构上彼此分离。为了在电气元件3、4、7之间建立连接，存在电导线8。所述布置在操作装置1内部的电气元件3、4、7通过供电导线17与能量源相连。所述供电导线17例如可以由在车门中已经存在的12伏导线构成。这里例如可以使用用于电动开窗器或电动后视镜或中央门锁元件20的电导线。通过操作装置1，现在将主动无钥匙进入系统改装成被动无钥匙进入系统。为此只需要用本发明的操作装置1更换所述纯机械的操作装置。此外，还必须用被动的ID发送器11更换主动的ID发送器11。不需要进行其它的改动。因此可以继续使用所述主动无钥匙进入系统的车辆内部的发送及接收单元13以及身份识别及控制单元15。因此不需要介入现有的车辆电气装置或电子装置。FIG. 1 shows anoperating device 1 according to the invention in the form of a pull handle. In thisoperating device 1, asensor 3, a transmission unit 4, and a control unit 7 are provided. In theoperating device 1, the three electrical components are structurally separated from each other. In order to establish a connection between theelectrical components 3 , 4 , 7 ,electrical leads 8 are present. Theelectrical components 3 , 4 , 7 arranged inside the operatingdevice 1 are connected to an energy source viasupply lines 17 . Thesupply line 17 can be formed, for example, from the 12-volt line already present in the vehicle door. For example, electrical lines for electric window drives or electric mirrors or thecentral locking element 20 can be used here. By operating thedevice 1 , the active keyless entry system is now converted into a passive keyless entry system. To do this, it is only necessary to replace the purely mechanical operating device with the operatingdevice 1 according to the invention. Furthermore, theactive ID transmitter 11 must also be replaced by apassive ID transmitter 11 . No other changes are required. The vehicle interior transmitter andreceiver unit 13 and the identification andcontrol unit 15 of the active keyless entry system can thus continue to be used. No intervention in existing vehicle electrical or electronic systems is thus required.

在图1中使用用于识别使用者的进入企图的非接触式传感器3。作为非接触式传感器可以使用霍尔传感器或电容传感器。也可以设想，在操作装置1中设置多个传感器3。In FIG. 1 anon-contact sensor 3 is used for detecting an entry attempt by a user. Hall sensors or capacitive sensors can be used as non-contact sensors. It is also conceivable to arrange a plurality ofsensors 3 in theoperating device 1 .

在所述非接触式传感器3识别到操作者的进入企图并且向控制单元7提供相应的信号之后，所述控制单元使得所述发送单元4向外部的ID发送器11发出发送信号6，以进行起动。After thenon-contact sensor 3 recognizes the operator's entry attempt and provides a corresponding signal to the control unit 7, the control unit causes the transmission unit 4 to send atransmission signal 6 to anexternal ID transmitter 11 for start.

图2示出了设计成转动式把手的操作装置。此时，通过机械式的传感器3检测操作者的进入企图。所述机械式的传感器3与手柄9相连，并当手柄9被操作时向控制单元7提供信号。在所示的操作装置1中，所述发送单元4和所述控制单元7构造成一个模块10。为此目的，所述发送单元4和所述控制单元7可以设置在一块电路板上。在所示的转动式把手的情况下，当然也可以使用非接触式的传感器3。由此就不必只使用所示的例如由按键、开关或屏面构成的机械式传感器3。例如同样可以使用光学传感器3，所述光学传感器3通过光导体将检测到的信号传递给控制单元7。FIG. 2 shows an operating device designed as a rotary handle. At this time, the operator's attempt to enter is detected by themechanical sensor 3 . Themechanical sensor 3 is connected to thehandle 9 and provides a signal to the control unit 7 when thehandle 9 is operated. In the illustratedoperating device 1 , the transmitter unit 4 and the control unit 7 are designed as amodule 10 . For this purpose, the sending unit 4 and the control unit 7 may be arranged on one circuit board. In the case of the rotary handle shown, it is of course also possible to use anon-contact sensor 3 . As a result, it is not necessary to exclusively use themechanical sensor 3 shown, for example, consisting of a button, a switch or a screen. For example, anoptical sensor 3 can likewise be used, which transmits the detected signal to the control unit 7 via a light conductor.

在进一步的图3中示出了本发明的一个附加的实施例。这里，所述操作装置1只包括一个由电气元件3、4、7组成的模块10。所述模块10布置在拉动式把手的空腔内。为了使得还能够手动地进入车辆，所述操作装置1还具有机械式锁芯21，所述锁芯可以用钥匙操作。由此，通过机械式锁芯21，在断电时也确保可以进入车辆。An additional embodiment of the invention is shown in further FIG. 3 . The operatingdevice 1 here comprises only onemodule 10 consisting ofelectrical components 3 , 4 , 7 . Themodule 10 is arranged in the cavity of the pull handle. In order to enable manual entry into the vehicle also, the operatingdevice 1 also has amechanical lock cylinder 21 which can be actuated with a key. Access to the vehicle is thus ensured by means of themechanical locking cylinder 21 even in the event of a power failure.

另外还可以使用用于发送单元4的外部天线5，所述天线存在于模块10中。所述外部天线5例如可以设置在车外后视镜27中。由于车外后视镜27通常直接设置在车门上，所述外部天线5可以简单地通过电导线8与发送单元4或模块10相连。此外如图3所示，中央门锁元件20通过连接元件23作用在机械锁22上。由此中央门锁元件20可以打开或闭锁所述机械锁22。It is also possible to use anexternal antenna 5 for the transmitting unit 4 , which is present in themodule 10 . Theexternal antenna 5 can be arranged, for example, in anexterior mirror 27 . Since the exteriorrearview mirror 27 is usually arranged directly on the vehicle door, theexternal antenna 5 can simply be connected to the transmission unit 4 or themodule 10 via anelectrical line 8 . Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3 , thecentral locking element 20 acts on amechanical lock 22 via a connectingelement 23 . Thecentral locking element 20 can thus open or close themechanical lock 22 .

图4公开了拉动式把手形式的操作装置1。在所示拉动式把手中设有所述电气元件3、4、7。可选地，还可以在所述操作装置1中设置电池18或蓄电池18作为电气元件3、4、7的能量源。同样可以设想，也可以使用一个或多个太阳能电池19作为唯一的或附加的能量源。所有电气构件优选都设置在操作装置1的手柄9中。在操作装置1的固定部件中附加地设有机械式锁芯21。所述手柄9通过铰接件26可移动地设置在车门中。手柄9的通过操作引起的机械式移动通过杆件25传递到其余的锁机构上。这里对手柄9进行的用于打开所述可移动部件2的操作可以进行至何种程度取决于此前通过外部的ID发送器11对使用者合法身份的识别和中央门锁元件20的相应位置。FIG. 4 discloses anoperating device 1 in the form of a pull handle. Theelectrical components 3 , 4 , 7 are located in the pull handle shown. Optionally, abattery 18 or anaccumulator 18 can also be provided in theoperating device 1 as an energy source for theelectrical components 3 , 4 , 7 . It is likewise conceivable to use one or moresolar cells 19 as the sole or additional energy source. All electrical components are preferably arranged in thehandle 9 of theoperating device 1 . Amechanical locking cylinder 21 is additionally provided in the fastening part of theoperating device 1 . Thehandle 9 is movably arranged in the vehicle door via ahinge 26 . The mechanical displacement caused by the manipulation of thehandle 9 is transmitted via therod 25 to the rest of the locking mechanism. The extent to which thehandle 9 can be actuated to open themovable part 2 depends on the previous identification of the user by theexternal ID transmitter 11 and the corresponding position of thecentral locking element 20 .

最后还要指出，只要所述实施例不是明确地彼此排除，则可以对本发明所述的实施例进行任意的组合。Finally, it should also be pointed out that any desired combination of the described embodiments of the invention is possible, as long as the described embodiments are not explicitly excluded from each other.

Claims (20)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种用于关闭和/或打开可移动部件（2）的操作装置（1），该操作装置（1）具有至少一个识别进入企图的传感器（3）和至少一个用于起动外部的ID发送器（11）的发送单元（4），其特征在于，所述操作装置（1）还具有在该操作装置（1）内的控制单元（7），所述控制单元（7）与所述发送单元（4）和/或所述传感器（3）相连，其中在企图进入时所述操作装置（1）内的所述控制单元（7）请求所述发送单元（4）发送起动信号给所述外部的ID发送器（11），据此所述ID发送器（11）随之起动与车辆内部的发送及接收单元（13）和车辆内部的身份识别及控制单元（15）的身份识别过程。1. An operating device (1) for closing and/or opening a movable part (2), the operating device (1) having at least one sensor (3) for recognizing an access attempt and at least one ID for activating an external The sending unit (4) of the transmitter (11), characterized in that the operating device (1) also has a control unit (7) inside the operating device (1), and the control unit (7) is connected with the A sending unit (4) is connected to the sensor (3), wherein the control unit (7) in the operating device (1) requests the sending unit (4) to send an activation signal to the The external ID transmitter (11), according to which the ID transmitter (11) then starts the identification process with the transmission and reception unit (13) inside the vehicle and the identification and control unit (15) inside the vehicle .2.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述发送单元（4）发出低频信号（6）以起动所述外部ID发送器（11）。2. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sending unit (4) sends out a low frequency signal (6) to activate the external ID transmitter (11).3.根据权利要求1或2所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述发送单元（4）发出信号（6），该信号（6）在所述ID发送器（11）中产生感应电压。3. The operating device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sending unit (4) sends out a signal (6), which is generated in the ID transmitter (11) inductive voltage.4.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述控制单元（7）与所述发送单元（4）和/或所述传感器（3）电连接。4. The operating device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (7) is electrically connected to the sending unit (4) and/or the sensor (3).5.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述控制单元（7）包括逻辑元件，在所述逻辑元件中形成方法流程。5 . The operating device ( 1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the control unit ( 7 ) comprises a logic element in which a method sequence is formed.6.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述控制单元（7）、所述发送单元（4）和/或所述至少一个传感器（3）被设计成电气和/或机械的模块（10）。6. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (7), the sending unit (4) and/or the at least one sensor (3) are designed as electrical and and/or mechanical modules (10).7.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述至少一个传感器（3）被设计成非接触式传感器（3），通过所述非接触式传感器（3）识别操作者向操作装置（1）的靠近。7. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one sensor (3) is designed as a non-contact sensor (3), by means of which the operation is recognized or approach the operating device (1).8.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述至少一个传感器（3）被设计成机械式传感器（3）。8 . The operating device ( 1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one sensor ( 3 ) is designed as a mechanical sensor ( 3 ).9.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，设置有至少一个电池（18）作为所述传感器（3）、所述发送单元（4）和所述控制单元（7）的电源。9. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one battery (18) is provided as the sensor (3), the transmitting unit (4) and the control unit (7) power supply.10.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，设置有至少一个太阳能电池（19）作为所述传感器（3）、所述发送单元（4）和所述控制单元（7）的能量源。10. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one solar cell (19) is provided as the sensor (3), the sending unit (4) and the control unit (7 ) energy source.11.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述操作装置（1）的所述传感器（3）、所述发送单元（4）和所述控制单元（7）只能与外部的能量源电连接。11. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (3), the sending unit (4) and the control unit (7) of the operating device (1) only Can be electrically connected to an external energy source.12.根据权利要求1、9或10中任一项所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述操作装置（1）具有空腔，所述传感器（3）、所述发送单元（4）、所述控制单元（7）、所述电池（18）或所述太阳能电池（19）能布置在所述空腔中。12. The operating device (1) according to any one of claims 1, 9 or 10, characterized in that the operating device (1) has a cavity, the sensor (3), the sending unit ( 4), the control unit (7), the battery (18) or the solar cell (19) can be arranged in the cavity.13.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述操作装置（1）主要由塑料构成。13 . The operating device ( 1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the operating device ( 1 ) is mainly composed of plastic. 14 .14.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述操作装置（1）被设计成翻转式把手、拉动式把手或转动式把手。14 . The operating device ( 1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the operating device ( 1 ) is designed as a turning handle, a pulling handle or a turning handle.15.根据权利要求14所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述操作装置（1）被设计成翻转式把手、拉动式把手或转动式把手的组合。15. The operating device (1) according to Claim 14, characterized in that the operating device (1) is designed as a combination of a flip handle, a pull handle or a turn handle.16.根据权利要求1所述的操作装置（1），其特征在于，所述可移动部件（2）是门或后背箱盖。16. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable part (2) is a door or a tailgate.17.一种车辆，具有根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的操作装置（1）。17. A vehicle having an operating device (1 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 16.18.根据权利要求17所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述发送单元（4）具有不位于所述操作装置（1）内部的外部天线（5）。18. The vehicle as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that the transmitting unit (4) has an external antenna (5) which is not located inside the operating device (1).19.根据权利要求18所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述外部天线（5）设置在车外后视镜（27）上或该车外后视镜（27）内。19. The vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that the external antenna (5) is arranged on or in an exterior rearview mirror (27).20.一种进入控制系统，具有发送及接收单元（13）、身份识别及控制单元（15）、外部的ID发送器（11）以及根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的操作装置（1）。20. An access control system with a sending and receiving unit (13), an identification and control unit (15), an external ID transmitter (11) and an operating device according to any one of claims 1 to 16 (1).

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