CN101209771B - Refrigerated container safety intelligent detecting system - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

一种冷藏集装箱安全智能检测系统，包括至少一冷藏集装箱和与该些冷藏集装箱通讯连接的后台信息系统，冷藏集装箱包括：至少一用以探测箱体内温湿度和气体浓度的环境探测单元；一箱门状态探测单元；和，一智能终端单元；后台信息系统包括至少一本地的/远程的计算机或机组；智能终端单元与该些计算机或机组通讯连接；智能终端单元与环境探测单元和箱门状态探测单元通讯连接；智能终端单元，将收集到的、由环境探测单元和箱门状态探测单元提供的信息，上传给所述后台信息系统供其判断所述冷藏集装箱内部货物存储环境状态是否适宜和所述冷藏集装箱本身状态是否安全。可提高货运效率，增强货运安全。

An intelligent security detection system for refrigerated containers, comprising at least one refrigerated container and a background information system communicating with the refrigerated containers, the refrigerated container includes: at least one environmental detection unit for detecting the temperature, humidity and gas concentration in the container; Door state detection unit; And, an intelligent terminal unit; Background information system comprises at least one local/remote computer or unit; Intelligent terminal unit is connected with these computers or unit communication; Intelligent terminal unit and environment detection unit and box door state The detection unit is connected by communication; the intelligent terminal unit uploads the collected information provided by the environment detection unit and the door state detection unit to the background information system for it to judge whether the storage environment state of the goods inside the refrigerated container is suitable and Whether the state of the refrigerated container itself is safe. It can improve freight efficiency and enhance freight safety.

Description

Translated fromChinese

冷藏集装箱安全智能检测系统Refrigerated container safety intelligent detection system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及集装箱，尤其涉及集装箱的安全监测装置。The invention relates to a container, in particular to a container safety monitoring device.

背景技术Background technique

目前，进出口集装箱的货物品种越来越多，其中药品、血液制品、冷冻冷藏保鲜食品所占的比例呈几何数增长，这些货物在中转时均需要靠冷藏箱进行装运。同时，农副产品流通的数量和品种在逐步增多，由于富含营养，极易繁殖有害细菌/微生物而腐败变质，或者由于蔬果的过度成熟，降低丁抵抗细菌的能力，或者因生命终结而腐烂，为保证其品质不改变，大多数农副产品必须储存在适合该产品长期保存的环境中，如：必要的温度、湿度，及空气中氧气和二氧化碳气体的含量，这也是冷藏集装箱越来越广泛得到应用的一方面。但是，每年因为集装箱内部运输货物腐烂变质而造成的损失保守估计超过10000亿美圆，有7％的货物是在运输途中因为监管不善而毁损的。At present, there are more and more types of goods in import and export containers, among which the proportion of medicines, blood products, and frozen and refrigerated fresh-keeping foods is increasing geometrically. These goods need to be shipped in refrigerated containers during transit. At the same time, the quantity and variety of agricultural and sideline products are gradually increasing. Because they are rich in nutrients, they are very easy to breed harmful bacteria/microorganisms and deteriorate, or due to the over-ripe fruits and vegetables, the ability to resist bacteria is reduced, or they rot due to the end of life. In order to ensure that its quality does not change, most agricultural and sideline products must be stored in an environment suitable for long-term storage of the product, such as: necessary temperature, humidity, and the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air, which is why refrigerated containers are becoming more and more widely used one aspect of the application. However, it is conservatively estimated that the loss caused by the rot and deterioration of the goods transported in the container exceeds 1 trillion US dollars every year, and 7% of the goods are damaged due to poor supervision during transportation.

同时，由于冷藏集装箱在货物装填完毕，集装箱封箱后，快速制冷的过程中集装箱内部由于空气冷却而形成相对大气压力的负压，负压会导致箱体变形，箱门开启困难等问题，从而影响到集装箱的使用寿命。At the same time, since the refrigerated container is filled with goods, after the container is sealed, the interior of the container will form a negative pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure due to air cooling during the rapid cooling process. The negative pressure will cause deformation of the box body and difficulty in opening the door. affect the service life of the container.

另外，目前国际反恐和货运安全，都要求对集装箱进行全供应链监测，以防止集装箱内部货物偷盗和集装箱门的开法开启的恐怖和危险事件的发生。In addition, the current international anti-terrorism and freight security require the monitoring of the entire supply chain of the container to prevent the occurrence of terrorist and dangerous incidents such as theft of goods inside the container and the opening of the container door.

此外，目前的集装箱信息采集板与数据采集中心之间的数据采集方式都是通过四芯接口、串口通讯和电力载波通讯三种有线数据传输方式，组网的灵活性非常差，可扩充性差，成本高。In addition, the current data collection methods between the container information collection board and the data collection center are all through three wired data transmission methods: four-core interface, serial port communication and power carrier communication. The flexibility of networking is very poor, and the scalability is poor. high cost.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明旨在克服现有技术的不足，而从改善内部环境监控手段入手以减少损失；从改善内部压力探测与调整入手以提高集装箱的使用寿命；从改善对集装箱的启动情况进行探测入手以识别集装箱门的授权和非授权开启情况，甄别集装箱安全与否；从构建无线通讯手段，以降低成本，提高监测组网扩充的灵活性。The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and start from improving the means of internal environment monitoring to reduce losses; start from improving internal pressure detection and adjustment to increase the service life of the container; start from improving the detection of the start-up of the container to identify The authorized and unauthorized opening of the container door can identify whether the container is safe or not; from the construction of wireless communication means to reduce costs and improve the flexibility of monitoring network expansion.

为了实现上述目的，本发明生产制造一种冷藏集装箱安全智能检测系统，包括至少一冷藏集装箱和与该些冷藏集装箱通讯连接的后台信息系统，所述冷藏集装箱包括：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention manufactures a refrigerated container safety intelligent detection system, which includes at least one refrigerated container and a background information system that communicates with these refrigerated containers, and the refrigerated container includes:

至少一用以探测箱体内温湿度和气体浓度的环境探测单元；at least one environmental detection unit for detecting the temperature, humidity and gas concentration in the box;

一箱门状态探测单元；和，a door state detection unit; and,

一智能终端单元；an intelligent terminal unit;

所述后台信息系统包括至少一本地的/远程的计算机或机组；The background information system includes at least one local/remote computer or group;

所述智能终端单元与该些计算机或机组通讯连接；The intelligent terminal unit is communicatively connected with these computers or the unit;

所述智能终端单元与环境探测单元和箱门状态探测单元通讯连接；The intelligent terminal unit communicates with the environment detection unit and the box door state detection unit;

所述智能终端单元，将收集到的、由环境探测单元和箱门状态探测单元提供的信息，上传给所述后台信息系统供其判断所述冷藏集装箱内部货物存储环境状态是否适宜和所述冷藏集装箱本身状态是否安全。The intelligent terminal unit uploads the collected information provided by the environment detection unit and the door state detection unit to the background information system for it to judge whether the storage environment state of the goods inside the refrigerated container is suitable for the refrigerated container. Whether the status of the container itself is safe.

所述冷藏集装箱还包括：The refrigerated container also includes:

一压力探测与控制单元；a pressure detection and control unit;

所述智能终端单元与该压力探测与控制单元通讯连接；The intelligent terminal unit communicates with the pressure detection and control unit;

所述智能终端单元，根据收集到的、由该压力探测与控制单元提供的信息，向该压力探测与控制单元发送命令以调节冷藏集装箱箱体内部的压力。The intelligent terminal unit sends commands to the pressure detection and control unit to adjust the pressure inside the refrigerated container according to the collected information provided by the pressure detection and control unit.

所述冷藏集装箱还包括：The refrigerated container also includes:

一气调系统；an air conditioning system;

所述智能终端单元收集由环境探测单元、箱门状态探测单元和内部气体压力探测与控制单元提供的信息，并根据该些信息对该气调系统进行控制以调节箱体内部环境。The intelligent terminal unit collects information provided by the environment detection unit, the door state detection unit and the internal gas pressure detection and control unit, and controls the air conditioning system according to the information to adjust the internal environment of the box.

所述冷藏集装箱还包括：The refrigerated container also includes:

一冷机信号采集与故障诊断单元；A cold machine signal acquisition and fault diagnosis unit;

所述智能终端单元与该冷机信号采集与故障诊断单元通讯连接；The intelligent terminal unit is communicatively connected with the cold machine signal acquisition and fault diagnosis unit;

所述智能终端单元，将收集到的、由冷机信号采集与故障诊断单元提供的信息，上传给所述后台信息系统供其判断所述冷藏集装箱内部冷机状态是否正常。The intelligent terminal unit uploads the collected information provided by the chiller signal acquisition and fault diagnosis unit to the background information system for it to judge whether the internal chiller state of the refrigerated container is normal.

所述环境探测单元，包括环境探测传感模块、传感接口模块、数据处理控制模块、信息存储模块、扩展接口模块、总线通信控制接口模块和电源管理模块；通过各种传感器将冷藏集装箱内的温度、湿度、氧气浓度、二氧化碳浓度、乙烯浓度、氮气浓度等物理量转换成相应的电子信号，并且通过传感接口模块将各种信号上传给数据控制处理模块。The environment detection unit includes an environment detection sensor module, a sensor interface module, a data processing control module, an information storage module, an expansion interface module, a bus communication control interface module and a power management module; Physical quantities such as temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, ethylene concentration, and nitrogen concentration are converted into corresponding electronic signals, and various signals are uploaded to the data control processing module through the sensor interface module.

所述箱门状态探测单元，通过电容、电感、位移传感器等探测集装箱门开关情况，在一具体实施中，包括磁场强度设定模块、霍尔传感模块、数据处理控制模块、信息存储模块、无线通信模块、扩展接口模块和电源管理模块；箱门的开关过程中磁场强度设定模块的磁场强度发生变化，使霍尔传感模块产生不同的信号，输出信号经过处理后用作箱门开关状态的判断信号。The door state detection unit detects the opening and closing of the container door through capacitance, inductance, displacement sensors, etc. In a specific implementation, it includes a magnetic field strength setting module, a Hall sensor module, a data processing control module, an information storage module, Wireless communication module, expansion interface module and power management module; the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field strength setting module changes during the opening and closing of the box door, so that the Hall sensor module generates different signals, and the output signal is used as a box door switch after processing status signal.

所述压力探测与控制单元，包括微型电动球阀以及压力探测模块、数据处理控制模块、总线通信控制接口模块和电源管理模块，通过压力探测传感器探测集装箱内部的气体压力，根据监测的内部压力情况，通过智能终端单元发送命令调节压力探测与控制单元的微型电动球阀使冷箱内压力与外面环境压力基本平衡，避免产生负压影响箱体。The pressure detection and control unit includes a miniature electric ball valve, a pressure detection module, a data processing control module, a bus communication control interface module, and a power management module. The pressure detection sensor detects the gas pressure inside the container. According to the monitored internal pressure, The micro electric ball valve of the pressure detection and control unit is adjusted by sending commands through the intelligent terminal unit to basically balance the pressure inside the cold box with the external environment pressure, and avoid negative pressure affecting the box.

所述智能终端单元，包括总线通信控制接口模块、终端处理器模块、LCD显示模块、无线通信模块、PLC控制接口模块和电源模块，实现集装箱数据的集成与处理并将数据上传到后台信息系统。The intelligent terminal unit includes a bus communication control interface module, a terminal processor module, an LCD display module, a wireless communication module, a PLC control interface module and a power supply module to realize the integration and processing of container data and upload the data to the background information system.

所述智能终端单元，还包括一GPS模块，所述终端处理器模块通过该GPS模块获取定位信息。The intelligent terminal unit further includes a GPS module, and the terminal processor module acquires positioning information through the GPS module.

所述后台信息系统负责对智能终端单元上传数据的处理，实现对冷藏集装箱的本地/远程监测与控制，包括局域监测网和广域监测网。局域监测网是在一定范围内，如：码头、港口、堆场，通过一种无线数传输方式，在局域数据监测管理中心与各智能冷箱终端之间进行数据通讯，实现对局域范围内的冷藏集装箱监测；广域监测网是通过在局域终端配置GPRS终端或全球卫星通讯终端，实现广域，如：中国，甚至全球范围内的冷藏集装箱监测。The background information system is responsible for processing the data uploaded by the intelligent terminal unit, realizing local/remote monitoring and control of the refrigerated container, including a local area monitoring network and a wide area monitoring network. The local area monitoring network is within a certain range, such as: docks, ports, and storage yards. Through a wireless data transmission method, data communication is carried out between the local area data monitoring management center and each intelligent cold box terminal to realize local monitoring. Wide-area monitoring of refrigerated containers within a wide area; the wide-area monitoring network realizes monitoring of refrigerated containers in a wide area, such as China, or even around the world, by configuring GPRS terminals or global satellite communication terminals at local terminals.

与现有技术相比，本发明的冷藏集装箱安全智能检测系统，可提高货运效率，增强货运安全。Compared with the prior art, the refrigerated container safety intelligent detection system of the present invention can improve freight efficiency and enhance freight safety.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的冷藏集装箱安全智能检测系统实施例原理示意；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment principle of the refrigerated container safety intelligent detection system of the present invention;

图2是本发明实施例中所述冷藏集装箱结构示意；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the refrigerated container described in the embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例中所述智能终端单元结构示意；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent terminal unit in the embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明实施例中所述环境探测单元结构示意；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the environment detection unit described in the embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明实施例中所述压力探测与控制单元结构示意；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure detection and control unit described in the embodiment of the present invention;

图6是本发明实施例中所述箱门状态探测单元结构示意。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the box door state detection unit in the embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图，对本发明予以进一步地详尽阐述。The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

本发明的基本思路在于：Basic thinking of the present invention is:

通过在每一集装箱内部，如顶部六个位置分布式布置上探测模块，探测模块集成有温度、湿度、气体浓度探测传感器，每隔一定的时间间隔，如5分钟，采集一次信号，监测集装箱内部温度、湿度、氧气浓度、乙烯浓度、二氧化碳浓度等，乙烯浓度准确反映食品品质恶化的程度和速度，通过对冷藏集装箱内部环境的准确监测，实时信号采集与报警，从而实现对内部货物品质的实时监管，内部环境和气体浓度探测模块信号统一集成到冷藏集装箱的智能终端，智能终端将采集到的集装箱数据进行分析处理，并同时与气调系统连接，通过气调系统，实时主动调节内部氧气、二氧化碳、乙烯、氮气等的浓度，来确保货物品质安全；By distributing detection modules inside each container, such as six positions on the top, the detection module is integrated with temperature, humidity, and gas concentration detection sensors, and collects signals at regular intervals, such as 5 minutes, to monitor the interior of the container Temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, ethylene concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, etc. The ethylene concentration accurately reflects the degree and speed of food quality deterioration. Through accurate monitoring of the internal environment of the refrigerated container, real-time signal collection and alarm, so as to realize real-time internal cargo quality Supervision, internal environment and gas concentration detection module signals are integrated into the smart terminal of the refrigerated container. The smart terminal analyzes and processes the collected container data and connects with the air conditioning system at the same time. Through the air conditioning system, the internal oxygen, The concentration of carbon dioxide, ethylene, nitrogen, etc., to ensure the quality and safety of goods;

通过集装箱门开关探测模块监测门的开关状态，并将门开关状态的信号集成到智能终端；Monitor the opening and closing status of the door through the container door opening and closing detection module, and integrate the signal of the door opening and closing status into the smart terminal;

通过压力探测与控制单元监测内部压力情况，并将压力信号集成到智能终端，通过智能终端基于采集的压力信息来调节和控制压力探测与控制单元电动球阀的动作来调节箱内压力，实现箱内外压力的基本平衡；The internal pressure is monitored by the pressure detection and control unit, and the pressure signal is integrated into the smart terminal. Based on the collected pressure information, the smart terminal is used to adjust and control the action of the electric ball valve of the pressure detection and control unit to adjust the pressure in the box to realize the inside and outside of the box. Basic balance of pressure;

冷藏集装箱箱体上的智能终端与监测中心之间采用无线数据传输，通过WLAN、GPRS、GSM、卫星等方式将数据上传到监测中心；Wireless data transmission is adopted between the intelligent terminal on the refrigerated container and the monitoring center, and the data is uploaded to the monitoring center through WLAN, GPRS, GSM, satellite, etc.;

并通过在冷藏集装箱智能终端中集成GPS模块，从而实现冷藏集装箱内部温湿度环境和气体环境以及门开关状态的远程监测，确保冷藏集装箱的货物品质安全，实现冷链物流的透明化实时化，实现货运安全和国际反恐。And by integrating the GPS module in the smart terminal of the refrigerated container, the remote monitoring of the temperature and humidity environment and gas environment inside the refrigerated container and the state of the door switch can be realized to ensure the quality and safety of the goods in the refrigerated container, realize the transparency and real-time of cold chain logistics, and realize Freight security and international anti-terrorism.

本发明的冷藏集装箱安全智能检测系统实施例，如图1和图2所示，由环境探测单元20，压力探测与控制单元30，箱门状态探测单元40，智能终端单元10，局域检测网50，无线移动电话通讯网60，广域检测网70和全球卫星通讯网80等构成。The embodiment of the refrigerated container safety intelligent detection system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, consists of anenvironment detection unit 20, a pressure detection andcontrol unit 30, a doorstate detection unit 40, anintelligent terminal unit 10, and a localarea detection network 50, a wireless mobilephone communication network 60, a widearea detection network 70 and a globalsatellite communication network 80 etc. constitute.

局域检测网50包括WLAN通讯模块51，GPRS终端52，卫星通讯终端52，数据监测管理中心54和用户终端55等；Thelocal detection network 50 includes aWLAN communication module 51, aGPRS terminal 52, asatellite communication terminal 52, a datamonitoring management center 54 and auser terminal 55, etc.;

广域检测网70包括GPRS终端71，卫星通讯终端72，数据监测管理中心73和用户终端74等；Widearea detection network 70 includesGPRS terminal 71,satellite communication terminal 72, datamonitoring management center 73 anduser terminal 74 etc.;

局域数据监测管理中心54是电子安全物流的一个本地数据管理控制中心，广域数据监测管理中心73则是电子安全物流的一个远程数据管理控制中心，它们均主要为管理数据库系统和系统软件提供运行的平台，提供INTERNET的接入服务，以及提供同智能终端单元10的数据通信。The local area data monitoring andmanagement center 54 is a local data management control center of the electronic security logistics, and the wide area datamonitoring management center 73 is a remote data management control center of the electronic security logistics. The running platform provides Internet access service and data communication with theintelligent terminal unit 10 .

局域数据监测管理中心54和/或广域数据监测管理中心73可以根据不同的管理服务情况来选择设备的配置，可选的设备配置主要有PC机级、工作站级、服务器级。The local area datamonitoring management center 54 and/or the wide area datamonitoring management center 73 can select equipment configurations according to different management service situations, and the optional equipment configurations mainly include PC level, workstation level, and server level.

软件方面，环境探测单元20、压力探测与控制单元30、箱门状态探测单元40、智能终端单元10的底层嵌入式系统功能以及内部总线和外部无线通信功能是由智能监控系统软件提供的，包括各个单元模块的顶层功能管理及数据的融合、处理、显示、控制、传送等功能，具有实用、友好的用户操作界面与管理数据库的良好接口。In terms of software, theenvironment detection unit 20, the pressure detection andcontrol unit 30, the doorstate detection unit 40, the underlying embedded system functions of theintelligent terminal unit 10, as well as the internal bus and external wireless communication functions are provided by the intelligent monitoring system software, including The top-level function management of each unit module and data fusion, processing, display, control, transmission and other functions have practical and friendly user interface and good interface for managing database.

如图2所示，在冷藏集装箱1中，于门端2处设置箱门状态探测单元40，于箱顶设置压力探测与控制单元30，于箱尾设置冷机和气调机构3，于箱体内设置和智能终端单元10，于箱体内在有效空间范围内分布式设置若干环境探测单元20，各单元的具体描述如下：As shown in Figure 2, in arefrigerated container 1, a doorstate detection unit 40 is provided at thedoor end 2, a pressure detection andcontrol unit 30 is provided at the top of the container, a refrigerator and anair conditioning mechanism 3 are provided at the rear of the container, and a Set and intelligentterminal unit 10, distribute and set severalenvironmental detection units 20 within the effective space range in the cabinet, the specific description of each unit is as follows:

1、智能终端单元101. Intelligentterminal unit 10

如图3所示，包括总线通信控制接口模块13、终端处理器模块11、LCD显示模块14、无线通信模块12、PLC控制接口模块15、电源模块16和天线17等部分。主要是通过内部总线采集各个环境探测单元20提供的环境参数，并将采集到的各种参数进行数据融合处理，然后给出内部环境综合参数并通过LCD显示模块14进行显示。同时，环境综合参数通过PLC控制接口模块15上传给冷藏集装箱的PLC控制器使其对箱内环境进行相应的调节。另外，环境综合参数通过无线数据传输模块12，以WLAN、GPRS或3G等形式上传到局域监测网50，用户通过用户终端55就可从局域数据监测管理中心54实时了解在信号覆盖范围内的所有冷藏集装箱的情况。其中，As shown in FIG. 3 , it includes bus communicationcontrol interface module 13 ,terminal processor module 11 ,LCD display module 14 ,wireless communication module 12 , PLCcontrol interface module 15 ,power supply module 16 andantenna 17 . Mainly collect the environmental parameters provided by eachenvironmental detection unit 20 through the internal bus, and perform data fusion processing on various collected parameters, and then give the comprehensive internal environment parameters and display them through theLCD display module 14 . At the same time, the integrated environmental parameters are uploaded to the PLC controller of the refrigerated container through the PLCcontrol interface module 15 to make corresponding adjustments to the environment in the container. In addition, the environmental comprehensive parameters are uploaded to the localarea monitoring network 50 in the form of WLAN, GPRS or 3G through the wirelessdata transmission module 12, and the user can know in real time from the local area datamonitoring management center 54 through theuser terminal 55 The case of all refrigerated containers. in,

总线通信控制接口模块13由总线通信控制电路和总线接口电路构成。主要实现智能终端单元10与内部总线连接、数据通信控制等功能；The bus communicationcontrol interface module 13 is composed of a bus communication control circuit and a bus interface circuit. Mainly realize functions such as connection between theintelligent terminal unit 10 and the internal bus, data communication control, etc.;

终端处理器模块11由MCU单元及相关辅助电路构成。主要实现各种数据处理、通信功能模块控制、显示功能模块控制、系统程序的存储和运行等功能。MCU单元可选用处理功能较强的ARM7系列16位微处理器或ARM9系列32位微处理器，相关辅助电路则包括系统复位、系统存储器、系统时钟、系统电源滤波等电路；Theterminal processor module 11 is composed of an MCU unit and related auxiliary circuits. It mainly realizes functions such as various data processing, communication function module control, display function module control, system program storage and operation, etc. The MCU unit can choose ARM7 series 16-bit microprocessors or ARM9 series 32-bit microprocessors with strong processing functions, and related auxiliary circuits include system reset, system memory, system clock, system power filter and other circuits;

LCD显示模块14由LCD显示电路构成。主要实现温度、湿度、压力、氧气浓度、二氧化碳浓度、乙烯浓度等参数的显示功能，便于工作人员的查询、操作等工作，可选用低功耗的字符或点阵的LCD模块；TheLCD display module 14 is composed of an LCD display circuit. It mainly realizes the display function of parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, ethylene concentration, etc., which is convenient for the staff to inquire and operate, and can choose low-power character or dot-matrix LCD modules;

无线通信模块12由无线通信器件、相关辅助电路以及天线17构成。主要为智能终端单元10提供同其它设备的无线通信功能。可根据实际需要选用符合3G、GPRS或WLAN的无线通信器件；相关辅助电路以及天线17主要是对射频参数的匹配，以保证射频信号的良好可靠。Thewireless communication module 12 is composed of a wireless communication device, related auxiliary circuits and anantenna 17 . It mainly provides the wireless communication function with other devices for theintelligent terminal unit 10 . The wireless communication device conforming to 3G, GPRS or WLAN can be selected according to the actual needs; the relevant auxiliary circuit and theantenna 17 are mainly for matching the radio frequency parameters to ensure good and reliable radio frequency signals.

PLC控制接口模块15由PLC控制接口电路构成。主要实现智能终端单元与PLC控制设备的数据通信功能，为PLC控制设备提供各种环境参数的控制调整数据。可根据PLC控制设备要求选定接口电路的具体方式，如RS232，UART，SPI等。The PLCcontrol interface module 15 is composed of a PLC control interface circuit. It mainly realizes the data communication function between the intelligent terminal unit and the PLC control equipment, and provides the control and adjustment data of various environmental parameters for the PLC control equipment. The specific way of the interface circuit can be selected according to the requirements of the PLC control equipment, such as RS232, UART, SPI, etc.

电源模块16由电源转换电路构成。主要实现电源转换功能为智能终端单元10提供获得外部电源供给的功能。智能终端单元10是同制冷机的PLC控制设备相连接的，因此它们的工作电源通过电源转换后可直接供给智能终端单元10及内部总线使用。可选用满足具体要求的DC-DC电路。Thepower module 16 is composed of a power conversion circuit. It mainly implements the power conversion function to provide theintelligent terminal unit 10 with the function of obtaining external power supply. Theintelligent terminal unit 10 is connected with the PLC control equipment of the refrigerator, so their working power can be directly supplied to theintelligent terminal unit 10 and the internal bus for use after power conversion. A DC-DC circuit that meets specific requirements can be selected.

智能终端单元10的可采用半密封结构。Theintelligent terminal unit 10 can adopt a semi-sealed structure.

2、环境探测单元202.Environmental detection unit 20

如图4所示，包括环境探测传感模块23、传感接口模块22、数据处理控制模块21、信息存储模块25、扩展接口模块26、总线通信控制接口模块24和电源管理模块17等部分。主要是通过温度、湿度、压力、氧气浓度、二氧化碳浓度和乙烯浓度传感模块，对内部的食品存储环境进行探测。每5分钟采集一次信号，并通过内部总线方式将传感器采集数据上传给智能终端单元10。其中，As shown in FIG. 4 , it includes an environmentdetection sensor module 23 , asensor interface module 22 , a dataprocessing control module 21 , aninformation storage module 25 , anexpansion interface module 26 , a bus communicationcontrol interface module 24 and apower management module 17 . The internal food storage environment is detected mainly through temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration and ethylene concentration sensing modules. The signal is collected every 5 minutes, and the data collected by the sensor is uploaded to theintelligent terminal unit 10 through the internal bus. in,

环境探测传感模块23由温湿度传感器、压力传感器和各种气体浓度传感器构成。主要通过各传感器件将冷藏集装箱内的温度、湿度、压力、氧气浓度、二氧化碳浓度、乙烯浓度等物理量转换成相应的电子信号，并且通过传感接口模块22将各种信号上传给数据控制处理模块21；The environmentaldetection sensing module 23 is composed of temperature and humidity sensors, pressure sensors and various gas concentration sensors. The temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, ethylene concentration and other physical quantities in the refrigerated container are mainly converted into corresponding electronic signals through various sensor devices, and various signals are uploaded to the data control processing module through thesensor interface module 22 twenty one;

传感接口模块22由传感器信号调理电路、信号处理控制电路和接口电路构成。主要是对各种传感器产生的不同输出信号进行相关处理控制，如：放大、滤波、数字转换等，为数据处理控制模块21提供可直接处理控制的数字接口。可设计一个自定义的接口标准使所用的环境探测传感模块内的各种传感器件具备即插即用功能，以方便传感器件的定期校准需求；Thesensor interface module 22 is composed of a sensor signal conditioning circuit, a signal processing control circuit and an interface circuit. It is mainly to process and control the different output signals generated by various sensors, such as amplification, filtering, digital conversion, etc., to provide the dataprocessing control module 21 with a digital interface that can be directly processed and controlled. A custom interface standard can be designed to enable the various sensor devices in the environmental detection sensing module to have plug-and-play functions, so as to facilitate the regular calibration requirements of the sensor devices;

数据处理控制模块21由MCU单元及相关辅助电路构成。主要实现传感数据处理、传感接口控制、总线通信调度、信息存储管理、系统程序存储和运行等功能。MCU单元可选用Atmega系列8位微处理器，相关辅助电路包括系统复位、系统时钟、电源滤波等电路；The dataprocessing control module 21 is composed of an MCU unit and related auxiliary circuits. It mainly realizes functions such as sensor data processing, sensor interface control, bus communication scheduling, information storage management, system program storage and operation. MCU unit can choose Atmega series 8-bit microprocessor, related auxiliary circuits include system reset, system clock, power filter and other circuits;

信息存储模块25主要由一个低电压可读写的串行存储单元构成，用于信息存储、查询等功能。可选用4Mb容量的存储器件；Theinformation storage module 25 is mainly composed of a low-voltage readable and writable serial storage unit, which is used for functions such as information storage and query. 4Mb storage device can be selected;

扩展接口模块26由JTAG、UART、可扩展的传感接口构成。主要实现编程、调试、扩展传感器件等功能。接口功能可由MCU单元提供，并根据具体要求选用不同形式的连接器；Theexpansion interface module 26 is composed of JTAG, UART, and an expandable sensor interface. It mainly realizes functions such as programming, debugging, and expanding sensor devices. The interface function can be provided by the MCU unit, and different types of connectors can be selected according to specific requirements;

总线通信控制接口模块24由总线通信控制电路、总线接口电路构成。主要实现环境探测单元与内部总线连接、数据通信控制等功能。The bus communicationcontrol interface module 24 is composed of a bus communication control circuit and a bus interface circuit. It mainly realizes the connection between the environmental detection unit and the internal bus, data communication control and other functions.

电源管理模块27由总线电源接口电路、DC-DC转换电路、电源管理电路构成。主要是从内部总线上获取电流并且通过相应得接口、转换及管理电路为环境探测单元20中各模块提供相应得工作电源及功耗管理功能。Thepower management module 27 is composed of a bus power interface circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, and a power management circuit. It mainly obtains current from the internal bus and provides corresponding working power and power consumption management functions for each module in theenvironmental detection unit 20 through corresponding interfaces, conversion and management circuits.

环境探测单元20可采用半密封结构。Theenvironment detection unit 20 may adopt a semi-sealed structure.

3、压力探测与控制单元303. Pressure detection andcontrol unit 30

如图5所示，包括微型电动球阀以及压力探测模块32、数据处理控制模块31、总线通信控制接口模块33、电源管理模块34等部分。主要是根据环境探测单元20监测得到的内部压力情况，通过智能终端单元10发送命令调节微型电动球阀使冷箱内压力与外面环境压力相同，避免产生负压影响箱体。在一个具体实施中，箱内压力调节阀采用电动阀，阀体厚度不超过76mm，箱内体积为80立方米，阀门的通气量能保证冷箱在4-5分钟的时间内箱内压力由一775mm汞柱高达到正常气压，阀体通过二次发泡的形式固定在冷箱内壁。其中，As shown in FIG. 5 , it includes a miniature electric ball valve, apressure detection module 32 , a dataprocessing control module 31 , a bus communicationcontrol interface module 33 , and apower management module 34 . Mainly based on the internal pressure monitored by theenvironmental detection unit 20, theintelligent terminal unit 10 sends commands to adjust the miniature electric ball valve so that the internal pressure of the cold box is the same as the external environmental pressure, so as to avoid negative pressure affecting the box. In a specific implementation, the pressure regulating valve in the box adopts an electric valve, the thickness of the valve body does not exceed 76mm, and the volume in the box is 80 cubic meters. A 775mm mercury column height reaches the normal air pressure, and the valve body is fixed on the inner wall of the cold box by secondary foaming. in,

微型电动球阀以及压力探测模块32由微型电动球阀、控制输入接口、电源以及压力探测传感器构成。主要对箱体内压力进行探测，并上传给智能终端单元10，并通过接收控制命令来设定电动球阀的开关位置而进行冷藏集装箱的内部压力的调整；The miniature electric ball valve and thepressure detection module 32 are composed of a miniature electric ball valve, a control input interface, a power supply and a pressure detection sensor. It mainly detects the pressure in the box and uploads it to theintelligent terminal unit 10, and adjusts the internal pressure of the refrigerated container by setting the switch position of the electric ball valve by receiving the control command;

数据处理控制模块31由MCU单元及控制输出接口电路构成。主要实现对压力数据进行处理判读，给出球阀控制信号输出等功能。MCU单元可选用Atmega系列8位微处理器，相关辅助电路包括系统复位、电源滤波等电路；The dataprocessing control module 31 is composed of an MCU unit and a control output interface circuit. It mainly realizes the processing and interpretation of pressure data, and provides functions such as ball valve control signal output. MCU unit can choose Atmega series 8-bit microprocessor, related auxiliary circuits include system reset, power filter and other circuits;

总线通信控制接口模块33由总线通信控制电路、总线接口电路构成。主要实现压力探测与控制单元与内部总线连接、数据通信控制等功能；The bus communicationcontrol interface module 33 is composed of a bus communication control circuit and a bus interface circuit. Mainly realize the functions of pressure detection and control unit and internal bus connection, data communication control, etc.;

电源管理模块34由总线电源接口电路、DC-DC转换电路、电源管理电路构成。主要是从内部总线上获取电流并且通过相应得接口、转换及管理电路为压力探测与控制单元中各个模块提供相应得工作电源及功耗管理功能。Thepower management module 34 is composed of a bus power interface circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, and a power management circuit. It mainly obtains current from the internal bus and provides corresponding working power and power consumption management functions for each module in the pressure detection and control unit through corresponding interfaces, conversion and management circuits.

4、箱门状态探测单元404. Box doorstate detection unit 40

如图6所示，包括磁场强度设定模块43、霍尔传感模块42、数据处理控制模块41、信息存储模块45、无线通信模块44、扩展接口模块47、电源管理模块46和天线48等部分。主要是在集装箱门上配置门开关探测传感设备，对箱门开关状态进行监测，当箱门之间缝隙达到一定距离时产生开关事件信息并存储，同时对未授权的开关事件进行报警。安装在门端，天线48部分伸出集装箱，通过外部手持阅读器或者固定阅读器可读取箱门状态探测器内部信息，同时，与智能终端单元10相连，从智能终端单元10亦可查询和读取到该探测单元的内部信息。其中，As shown in Figure 6, it includes a magnetic fieldstrength setting module 43, aHall sensor module 42, a dataprocessing control module 41, aninformation storage module 45, awireless communication module 44, anexpansion interface module 47, apower management module 46 and anantenna 48, etc. part. The main purpose is to configure door switch detection and sensing equipment on the container door to monitor the door switch status. When the gap between the door reaches a certain distance, the switch event information is generated and stored, and at the same time, an alarm is issued for unauthorized switch events. Installed at the door end, part of theantenna 48 protrudes from the container, and the internal information of the door state detector can be read through an external handheld reader or a fixed reader. Read the internal information of the detection unit. in,

磁场强度设定模块43由一定强度的镍铁合金磁钢构成。主要在箱门状态探测单元外形成一定强度的磁场，当箱门的开关过程中磁场强度发生变化，使所选用的霍尔元件产生不同的信号，输出信号经过处理后用作箱门开关状态的判断信号。可采用一到两个磁钢固定在冷藏集装箱门的一端，使霍尔元件对箱门的开关产生的磁场强度变化感应最灵敏；The magnetic fieldstrength setting module 43 is made of nickel-iron alloy magnetic steel with a certain strength. Mainly form a magnetic field with a certain strength outside the door state detection unit. When the magnetic field strength changes during the opening and closing process of the door, the selected Hall element will generate different signals, and the output signal will be used as the signal of the door switch state after processing. Judgment signal. One or two magnets can be used to fix one end of the door of the refrigerated container, so that the Hall element is most sensitive to the change of the magnetic field intensity generated by the opening and closing of the door;

霍尔传感模块42由霍尔元件、信号处理电路构成。主要感应箱门的开关过程中磁场强度的变化，使所用的霍尔元件产生不同的信号，输出信号经过滤波、数字转换等处理后，为数据处理控制模块41提供箱门开关状态的判断信号。霍尔元件可根据具体要求选用一个或两个，比如：一个监测门开关状态、一个监测恶意侵入，同时可以被周期性休眠；TheHall sensing module 42 is composed of a Hall element and a signal processing circuit. Mainly sense the change of the magnetic field strength during the opening and closing process of the box door, so that the used Hall element generates different signals, and the output signal is processed by filtering, digital conversion, etc., and provides the judgment signal of the door opening and closing state for the dataprocessing control module 41 . One or two Hall elements can be selected according to specific requirements, for example: one monitors the door switch status, one monitors malicious intrusion, and can be periodically dormant at the same time;

数据处理控制模块43由MCU单元及相关辅助电路构成。主要实现数据进行处理、功能控制、系统程序存储和运行等功能。MCU单元可选用Atmega系列8位微处理器，相关辅助电路包括系统复位、电源滤波、ID标识等电路。The dataprocessing control module 43 is composed of an MCU unit and related auxiliary circuits. It mainly realizes functions such as data processing, function control, system program storage and operation. The MCU unit can choose Atmega series 8-bit microprocessor, and related auxiliary circuits include system reset, power filter, ID identification and other circuits.

信息存储模块45主要由一个低电压可读写的串行存储单元构成，用于信息存储、查询等功能。可根据具体要求选用不同容量的存储器件。Theinformation storage module 45 is mainly composed of a low-voltage readable and writable serial storage unit, which is used for functions such as information storage and query. Storage devices with different capacities can be selected according to specific requirements.

无线通信模块44由半双工、低功耗的无线通信器件、相关辅助电路以及天线48构成。主要为电子关封设备提供同其它设备的无线通信功能，并且具有四个可预置的工作频段、软件可调的频道、功率等功能。无线通信器件可选用CHIPCON公司的低功耗无线通信器件；相关辅助电路主要是对射频参数的匹配，以保证射频信号的良好可靠；天线可选用中集集团提供的PCB天线；Thewireless communication module 44 is composed of a half-duplex, low-power wireless communication device, related auxiliary circuits and anantenna 48 . It mainly provides wireless communication functions with other equipment for electronic sealing equipment, and has four preset working frequency bands, software adjustable channels, power and other functions. The wireless communication device can choose the low-power wireless communication device of CHIPCON; the relevant auxiliary circuit is mainly to match the radio frequency parameters to ensure the good and reliable radio frequency signal; the antenna can choose the PCB antenna provided by CIMC;

扩展接口模块47由JTAG、UART、可扩展的传感接口构成。主要实现编程、调试、有线通信、扩展传感元件等功能。接口功能可由MCU单元提供，再根据具体要求选用不同形式的连接器。Theexpansion interface module 47 is composed of JTAG, UART, and an expandable sensor interface. It mainly realizes functions such as programming, debugging, wired communication, and expansion of sensing elements. The interface function can be provided by the MCU unit, and then choose different forms of connectors according to specific requirements.

电源管理模块46由电源及电源管理电路构成。主要为电子关封设备提供工作电源及各电路模块的功耗管理功能。电子关封设备安装在集装箱内，因此设计中系统工作电源需用电池供电，可选用高电量的锂电池。为提高电池使用寿命，设计中采用低功耗器件、MCU单元电源管理功能及电源管理电路，以及通过管理所有电路模块的电源开关和选用合适的工作周期等方式来保证电池使用寿命达到5年以上。Thepower management module 46 is composed of a power supply and a power management circuit. It mainly provides working power supply and power consumption management function of each circuit module for electronic sealing equipment. The electronic sealing equipment is installed in the container, so the working power of the system in the design needs to be powered by a battery, and a high-power lithium battery can be selected. In order to improve the service life of the battery, low power consumption devices, MCU unit power management functions and power management circuits are used in the design, and the power switch of all circuit modules is managed and the appropriate working cycle is selected to ensure the battery life of more than 5 years. .

箱门状态探测单元40可采用分体结构及全密封。The doorstate detection unit 40 can adopt split structure and full sealing.

需要说明的是，本发明的冷藏集装箱安全智能检测系统实施例，其中设置于冷藏集装箱内与智能终端单元10配合的单元并不限于上述几种，可以想象到的一个例子是：It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the refrigerated container safety intelligent detection system of the present invention, the units arranged in the refrigerated container to cooperate with theintelligent terminal unit 10 are not limited to the above-mentioned types, and an example that can be imagined is:

GPS模块，用以提供冷藏集装箱的地理坐标，这个模块可以是直接设置在智能终端单元10内部，直接与智能终端单元10中终端处理器模块11连接，也可以是作为一个单元，通过总线通信控制接口模块与智能终端单元10，还可以是通过无线通信模块与智能终端单元10相连。The GPS module is used to provide the geographic coordinates of the refrigerated container. This module can be directly installed inside theintelligent terminal unit 10 and directly connected to theterminal processor module 11 in theintelligent terminal unit 10, or it can be used as a unit and controlled by bus communication The interface module and theintelligent terminal unit 10 may also be connected with theintelligent terminal unit 10 through a wireless communication module.

可以想象到的另一个例子是：冷机信号采集与故障诊断单元，与环境探测单元20类似，包括探测传感模块、传感接口模块、数据处理控制模块、信息存储模块、扩展接口模块、总线通信控制接口模块和电源管理模块等部分。可通过总线通信控制接口模块与智能终端单元10，用以采集冷机腔内油液品质、油液液位高度、油液温度、转轴振动、冷机腔内温度、冷机腔内噪音信号，通过信号分析和处理算法判断冷机运行状态，并对出现和故障和潜在的故障风险进行分析、诊断、和预警。上述位于冷藏集装箱内的各单元是通过总线进行通讯连接和电源支持和管理的，而其中通讯之功能，采用短距离的无线通讯手段是可以想象的到的一种替换。Another example that can be imagined is: a cold machine signal acquisition and fault diagnosis unit, similar to theenvironment detection unit 20, including a detection sensor module, a sensor interface module, a data processing control module, an information storage module, an expansion interface module, a bus Communication control interface module and power management module and other parts. The interface module and theintelligent terminal unit 10 can be controlled through the bus communication to collect the oil quality, oil level, oil temperature, vibration of the rotating shaft, temperature in the refrigerator chamber, and noise signals in the refrigerator chamber. Judging the running status of the chiller through signal analysis and processing algorithms, and analyzing, diagnosing, and early warning of occurrences, failures, and potential failure risks. The above-mentioned units in the refrigerated container are connected through the bus for communication connection and power supply support and management, and for the communication function, it is conceivable to use short-distance wireless communication means as an alternative.

上述内容，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用于限制本发明的实施方案，本领域普通技术人员根据本发明的主要构思和精神，可以十分方便地进行相应的变通或修改，故本发明的保护范围应以权利要求书所要求的保护范围为准。The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can easily make corresponding modifications or modifications according to the main concept and spirit of the present invention. Therefore, this The protection scope of the invention shall be determined by the protection scope required by the claims.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a refrigerated container safety intellectual detection system, includes at least one refrigerated container and the backstage information system who is connected with these some refrigerated containers communication, its characterized in that, refrigerated container includes:

at least one environment detection unit for detecting the temperature and humidity and gas concentration in the box body;

a box door state detection unit; and,

an intelligent terminal unit;

the background information system comprises at least one local/remote computer or a group of computers; the intelligent terminal unit is in communication connection with the computers or the units; the intelligent terminal unit is in communication connection with the environment detection unit and the box door state detection unit through a bus;

the environment detection unit includes: the system comprises an environment detection sensing module, a sensing interface module, a data processing control module and a bus communication control interface module, wherein the environment detection sensing module converts the temperature, humidity and gas concentration physical quantity in the refrigerated container into corresponding electric signals, the electric signals are processed by the sensing interface module and then are transmitted to the data control processing module, and the data control processing module is communicated with the intelligent terminal unit through the bus communication control interface module;

the door state detection unit includes: the intelligent terminal comprises a magnetic field intensity setting module, a Hall sensing module, a data processing control module and a bus communication control interface module, wherein in the opening and closing process of a box door, the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field intensity setting module changes to enable the Hall sensing module to generate different electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted to the data control processing module, and the data control processing module is communicated with the intelligent terminal unit through the bus communication control interface module;

the intelligent terminal unit includes: the system comprises a bus communication control interface module, a terminal processor module and a wireless communication module, wherein the terminal processor module is communicated with an environment detection unit through the bus communication control interface module to acquire environment parameter information and is communicated with a box door state detection unit to acquire box door state information and process data of the environment parameter information and the box door state information, and the terminal processor module is communicated with the background information system through the wireless communication module;

the intelligent terminal unit uploads the collected information provided by the environment detection unit and the box door state detection unit to the background information system to judge whether the storage environment state of the goods in the refrigerated container is proper or not and whether the self state of the refrigerated container is safe or not.

2. The refrigerated container security intelligent detection system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerated container further comprises:

a pressure detection and control unit;

the intelligent terminal unit is in communication connection with the pressure detection and control unit;

and the intelligent terminal unit sends a command to the pressure detection and control unit to adjust the pressure in the refrigerated container body according to the collected information provided by the pressure detection and control unit.

3. A refrigerated container security intelligence detection system as recited in claim 1 or 2 wherein said refrigerated container further comprises:

an air conditioning system;

the intelligent terminal unit collects information provided by the environment detection unit, the box door state detection unit and the internal gas pressure detection and control unit, and controls the air conditioning system according to the information to adjust the internal environment of the box body.

4. A refrigerated container security intelligence detection system as recited in claim 1 or 2 wherein said refrigerated container further comprises:

a cold machine signal acquisition and fault diagnosis unit;

the intelligent terminal unit is in communication connection with the cold machine signal acquisition and fault diagnosis unit;

and the intelligent terminal unit uploads the collected information provided by the cold machine signal acquisition and fault diagnosis unit to the background information system for judging whether the state of the cold machine in the refrigerated container is normal or not.

5.A refrigerated container security intelligent detection system as recited in claim 2 wherein said pressure detection and control unit comprises:

a micro electric ball valve and a pressure detection module;

a data processing control module; and

a bus communication control interface module;

the data processing control module is communicated with the intelligent terminal unit through a bus communication control interface module, uploads pressure signals acquired by the miniature electric ball valve and the pressure detection module and receives control signals given to the miniature electric ball valve and the pressure detection module.

6.The refrigerated container security intelligent detection system of claim 1 wherein the intelligent terminal unit further comprises:

a PLC control interface module;

and the refrigerated container further comprises at least one PLC controller;

and the terminal processor module is communicated with the PLC controllers through the PLC control interface module.

7.The refrigerated container security intelligent detection system of claim 1 wherein the intelligent terminal unit further comprises:

a GPS module;

and the terminal processor module acquires positioning information through the GPS module.

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