CN101178433A - An ultra-wideband fast-agile frequency source - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种超宽带快速捷变频源，包括控制单元、DDS单元、功分单元、倍频单元A、倍频单元B、频率选择单元。参考时钟经PLL锁相得到1GHz的DDS时钟信号，驱动DDS单元产生0～400MHz信号，经功分单元分为3路，分别送入倍频单元A、倍频单元B和频率选择单元，倍频单元A和倍频单元B的输出信号也送入频率选择单元，最后由频率选择单元输出最终的捷变频信号。本发明将DDS输出的信号倍频，然后再进行选择输出，实现了超宽带快速捷变频，频率转换响应时间极短(＜200ns)，产生频率速度达纳秒量级，输出频率范围宽达1GHz以上，频率分辨率小于0.01Hz，最坏情况下，杂散及偕波低于－55dBc，相噪低于－95dBc/Hz@1KHz、－105dBc/Hz@10KHz，且外围控制接口简单，使用方便。

The invention discloses an ultra-broadband fast and agile frequency source, which comprises a control unit, a DDS unit, a power division unit, a frequency multiplication unit A, a frequency multiplication unit B and a frequency selection unit. The reference clock is locked by PLL to get 1GHz DDS clock signal, which drives the DDS unit to generate 0~400MHz signal, which is divided into 3 channels by the power division unit, and sent to the frequency multiplication unit A, frequency multiplication unit B and frequency selection unit respectively. The output signals of unit A and frequency multiplication unit B are also sent to the frequency selection unit, and finally the frequency selection unit outputs the final frequency-agile signal. The invention doubles the frequency of the signal output by DDS, and then selects the output, realizes ultra-wideband fast frequency conversion, the frequency conversion response time is extremely short (<200ns), the frequency generation speed reaches the order of nanoseconds, and the output frequency range is as wide as 1GHz Above, the frequency resolution is less than 0.01Hz. In the worst case, the spurious and contemporaneous waves are lower than -55dBc, the phase noise is lower than -95dBc/Hz@1KHz, -105dBc/Hz@10KHz, and the peripheral control interface is simple and easy to use .

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种超宽带快速捷变频源An ultra-wideband fast-agile frequency source

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种适用于捷变频体制雷达、RCS测试及成像雷达等各类宽带雷达的信号源，具体地说，是指一种超宽带快速捷变频源。The invention relates to a signal source suitable for various wide-band radars such as frequency-agile system radar, RCS test and imaging radar, and specifically refers to an ultra-wideband fast-change frequency source.

背景技术Background technique

近年来，捷变频体制雷达，RCS测试及成像雷达等各种宽频雷达越来越受到重视，在监视和探测、火控和跟踪、精密制导、测量、高分辨率成像、空间技术、气象、环境遥感、障碍物回避等军事和民用领域种得到广泛应用。各种体制的雷达也纷纷投入使用，如目前常用的频率捷变体制作为导弹末制导抗干扰技术已在各种型号的导弹中得到应用，而RCS测试雷达则更在多年以前已经得到了应用，为我国武器隐身设计作出了巨大贡献。In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to various broadband radars such as frequency-agile system radars, RCS test and imaging radars. It has been widely used in military and civilian fields such as remote sensing and obstacle avoidance. Radars of various systems have also been put into use. For example, the commonly used frequency agility system has been applied in various types of missiles as a missile terminal guidance and anti-jamming technology, and RCS test radar has been applied many years ago. It has made great contributions to the stealth design of weapons in our country.

捷变频雷达和RCS测试及成像雷达，都属于宽带雷达，信号的带宽和跳变时间对其工作性能影响非常大：对捷变频雷达而言，信号带宽和跳变时间直接影响到了捷变频雷达的被截获概率；对RCS测试及成像雷达而言，信号带宽决定了其成像分辨力，而跳变时间则决定了其测试时间和测试距离。Frequency-agile radars and RCS test and imaging radars are all broadband radars, and the signal bandwidth and jump time have a great impact on their performance: for frequency-agile radars, the signal bandwidth and jump time directly affect the performance of frequency-agile radars. Probability of being intercepted; for RCS testing and imaging radar, the signal bandwidth determines its imaging resolution, while the jump time determines its test time and test distance.

宽带雷达，其基本结构都是将宽带较低频率的信号上变频到发射频率，因而较低频率的宽带变频源就显得非常重要了。The basic structure of broadband radar is to up-convert the lower-frequency signal of the broadband to the transmission frequency, so the lower-frequency broadband frequency conversion source is very important.

宽带频率合成技术主要有直接频率合成、锁相频率合成和直接数字合成(DDS)三种方式。这三种方式各有优缺点，直接频率合成技术频率转换时间短，但是结构复杂，且输出频率范围有限，离散频率数不能太多；锁相频率合成技术输出频谱纯度高，但其频率转换时间较长，频率分辨率也有限；DDS技术具有频率分辨率高、频率切换快、相位噪声低、频率稳定度高等优点，但输出信号带宽有限。本文采用直接数字合成(DDS)与直接频率合成相结合的技术。Broadband frequency synthesis technology mainly includes direct frequency synthesis, phase-locked frequency synthesis and direct digital synthesis (DDS) in three ways. These three methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The frequency conversion time of direct frequency synthesis technology is short, but the structure is complex, and the output frequency range is limited, and the number of discrete frequencies cannot be too many; the phase-locked frequency synthesis technology has high output spectrum purity, but its frequency conversion time Longer, frequency resolution is also limited; DDS technology has the advantages of high frequency resolution, fast frequency switching, low phase noise, high frequency stability, etc., but the output signal bandwidth is limited. This article adopts the technology of direct digital synthesis (DDS) and direct frequency synthesis.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种超宽带快速捷变频源。变频源能够产生频率转换响应时间＜200ns、带宽1GHz以上、频率分辨率小于0.01Hz的低杂散、低相噪捷变频信号，可作为各类宽带雷达的基本功能单元。The object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-wideband fast-agile frequency source. The frequency conversion source can generate frequency conversion response time <200ns, bandwidth above 1GHz, frequency resolution less than 0.01Hz low spurious, low phase noise agile frequency signal, which can be used as the basic functional unit of various broadband radars.

本发明的变频源，包括控制单元、DDS单元、功分单元、倍频单元A、倍频单元B、频率选择单元。The frequency conversion source of the present invention includes a control unit, a DDS unit, a power division unit, a frequency multiplication unit A, a frequency multiplication unit B, and a frequency selection unit.

本发明的变频源工作原理：采用直接数字合成(DDS)与直接频率合成相结合的技术，参考时钟经PLL锁相得到1GHz的DDS时钟信号，驱动DDS单元产生0～400MHz信号，经功分单元分为3路，分别送入倍频单元A、倍频单元B和频率选择单元，倍频单元A和倍频单元B的输出信号也送入频率选择单元，最后由频率选择单元输出最终的捷变频信号。The working principle of the frequency conversion source of the present invention: the technology of combining direct digital synthesis (DDS) and direct frequency synthesis is adopted, the reference clock is locked by the PLL to obtain a 1GHz DDS clock signal, and the DDS unit is driven to generate a 0-400MHz signal, which is passed through the power division unit It is divided into 3 channels, which are respectively sent to frequency multiplication unit A, frequency multiplication unit B and frequency selection unit. The output signals of frequency multiplication unit A and frequency multiplication unit B are also sent to frequency selection unit, and finally the frequency selection unit outputs the final shortcut Frequency conversion signal.

本发明的优点：(1)性能优良，频率转换响应时间＜200ns，输出频率范围＞1GHz，频率分辨率＜0.01Hz，最坏情况下，杂散及偕波低于-55dBc，相噪低于-95dBc/Hz@1KHz、-105dBc/Hz@10KHz；(2)控制接口简单，使用方便；(3)工作稳定可靠。Advantages of the present invention: (1) Excellent performance, frequency conversion response time<200ns, output frequency range>1GHz, frequency resolution<0.01Hz, in the worst case, spurious and consonant waves are lower than -55dBc, and phase noise is lower than -95dBc/Hz@1KHz, -105dBc/Hz@10KHz; (2) The control interface is simple and easy to use; (3) The work is stable and reliable.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明变频源的原理框图。Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the frequency conversion source of the present invention.

图2是本发明变频源的控制单元原理框图。Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the control unit of the frequency conversion source of the present invention.

图3是本发明变频源的DDS单元原理框图。Fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of the DDS unit of the frequency conversion source of the present invention.

图4是本发明变频源的倍频单元A原理框图。Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of the frequency multiplication unit A of the frequency conversion source of the present invention.

图5是本发明变频源的倍频单元B原理框图。Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of the frequency multiplication unit B of the frequency conversion source of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

本发明是一种超宽带快速捷变频源，包括控制单元1、DDS单元2、功分单元3、倍频单元A4、倍频单元B5、频率选择单元6。The present invention is an ultra-broadband fast and agile frequency source, including a control unit 1, aDDS unit 2, apower division unit 3, a frequency multiplication unit A4, a frequency multiplication unit B5, and afrequency selection unit 6.

所述控制单元1由包括现场可编程门陈列FPGA10、单片机MCU11、液晶显示模块12、键盘13；所述DDS单元2包括恒温晶振20、时钟分配器21、锁相环PLL22、直接数字频率合成器DDS23；所述倍频单元A 4包括滤波器A410、放大器A420、滤波器B411、倍频器A430、滤波器C412、放大器B421、放大器C422、滤波器D413、滤波器E414、倍频器B431、滤波器F415、放大器E423、滤波器G416；所述倍频单元B 5包括滤波器H510、放大器F520、滤波器I511、倍频器C530、滤波器J512、放大器G521、放大器H522、滤波器K513、滤波器L514、倍频器D531、滤波器M515、放大器I523、滤波器N516。Described control unit 1 is by comprising field programmable gate display FPGA10, single-chip microcomputer MCU11, liquidcrystal display module 12, keyboard 13; DescribedDDS unit 2 comprises constanttemperature crystal oscillator 20,clock distributor 21, phase-locked loop PLL22, direct digital frequency synthesizer DDS23; described frequency multiplication unit A 4 comprises filter A410, amplifier A420, filter B411, frequency multiplier A430, filter C412, amplifier B421, amplifier C422, filter D413, filter E414, frequency multiplier B431, filter Device F415, amplifier E423, filter G416; Described frequencymultiplication unit B 5 comprises filter H510, amplifier F520, filter I511, frequency multiplier C530, filter J512, amplifier G521, amplifier H522, filter K513, filter L514, frequency multiplier D531, filter M515, amplifier I523, filter N516.

所述控制单元1通过键盘操作或者串口控制10来设置变频源的参考时基(内时基/外时基)、工作模式(点频/频率步进/控制码控制)、扫频起止频率和步进频率等，并依据设置好的工作状态按预设好的参数或当前的控制码11去控制DDS单元2和频率选择单元6，使之协同工作，产生所需捷变频信号9。The control unit 1 sets the reference time base (internal time base/external time base), working mode (point frequency/frequency step/control code control), frequency sweep start and stop frequency and Step frequency, etc., and control theDDS unit 2 and thefrequency selection unit 6 according to the preset parameters or the current control code 11 according to the set working state, so that they can work together to generate the required frequency-agile signal 9 .

所述DDS单元2，时钟分配器21依据控制单元1的控制，选择恒温晶振20的输出或者外参考时基7作为锁相环22的参考时基输入，将锁相环22锁相倍频出1GHz信号作为直接数字频率合成器23的时钟，直接数字频率合成器23在控制单元1的控制下输出0-400MHz的DDS输出信号12。TheDDS unit 2 and theclock distributor 21 select the output of the constanttemperature crystal oscillator 20 or the external reference time base 7 as the reference time base input of the phase-locked loop 22 according to the control of the control unit 1, and the phase-locked loop 22 is phase-locked and frequency-multiplied. The 1GHz signal is used as the clock of the directdigital frequency synthesizer 23 , and the directdigital frequency synthesizer 23 outputs theDDS output signal 12 of 0-400MHz under the control of the control unit 1 .

所述倍频单元A 4和倍频单元B 5分别将由功分单元3分配所得的0-400MHz信号虑取部分带宽的信号进行放大、滤波、倍频，得到该信号的二和四倍频信号。The frequency multiplication unit A 4 and the frequencymultiplication unit B 5 respectively amplify, filter, and frequency multiply the 0-400MHz signal obtained by thepower division unit 3 and take part of the bandwidth to obtain the double and quadruple frequency signals of the signal .

所述频率选择单元6在控制单元1的控制下，采用PIN管开关，对经功分后的DDS输出信号17、倍频单元A输出的二倍频信号13、四倍频信号14及倍频单元B输出的二倍频信号15、四倍频信号16进行选择输出，得到所需捷变频信号9。Thefrequency selection unit 6 adopts a PIN tube switch under the control of the control unit 1, and theDDS output signal 17 after power division, the double frequency signal 13 output by the frequency multiplication unit A, the quadruple frequency signal 14 and the frequency multiplier Thedouble frequency signal 15 and thequadruple frequency signal 16 output by unit B are selectively output to obtain the desired frequency-agile signal 9 .

Claims (4)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种超宽带快速捷变频源，其特征在于：1. An ultra-broadband fast-agile frequency source, characterized in that:所述变频源包括控制单元(1)、DDS单元(2)、功分单元(3)、倍频单元A(4)、倍频单元B(5)、频率选择单元(6)；其中The frequency conversion source includes a control unit (1), a DDS unit (2), a power division unit (3), a frequency multiplication unit A (4), a frequency multiplication unit B (5), and a frequency selection unit (6); wherein参考时钟(7或8)经DDS单元(2)中的PLL锁相得到1GHz的DDS时钟信号，并驱动DDS单元(2)中的直接数字频率合成器(23)产生0～400MHz信号(12)，经功分单元(3)分为3路，分别送入倍频单元A(4)、倍频单元B(5)和频率选择单元(6)，倍频单元A(4)和倍频单元B(5)的输出信号也送入频率选择单元(6)，最后由频率选择单元(6)输出最终的捷变频信号(9)。The reference clock (7 or 8) is locked by the PLL in the DDS unit (2) to obtain a 1GHz DDS clock signal, and drives the direct digital frequency synthesizer (23) in the DDS unit (2) to generate a 0-400MHz signal (12) , divided into 3 paths by the power division unit (3), respectively sent to frequency multiplication unit A (4), frequency multiplication unit B (5) and frequency selection unit (6), frequency multiplication unit A (4) and frequency multiplication unit The output signal of B (5) is also sent to the frequency selection unit (6), and finally the frequency selection unit (6) outputs the final frequency-agile signal (9).2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超宽带快速捷变频源，其特征在于：在所述控制单元(1)中，通过高速逻辑器件实现对其它各单元的精确控制，使得其它各单元能紧密协同工作，从而达到了极短的频率转换响应时间。2. A kind of ultra-broadband fast-agile frequency source according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the control unit (1), the precise control to other units is realized by high-speed logic devices, so that other units can Work closely together to achieve extremely short frequency conversion response time.3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超宽带快速捷变频源，其特征在于：在所述倍频单元A(4)及倍频单元B(5)中，通过选择适当的滤波器带宽得到理想的低杂散倍频信号。3. a kind of ultra-broadband fast-agile frequency source according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described frequency multiplication unit A (4) and frequency multiplication unit B (5), obtain by selecting appropriate filter bandwidth Ideal for low spurious multiplier signals.4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超宽带快速捷变频源，其特征在于：在所述频率选择单元(6)中，使用PIN开关进行信号选择。4. An ultra-wideband fast-agile frequency source according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the frequency selection unit (6), a PIN switch is used for signal selection.

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