CN1010775B - Manufacture method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, which comprises the steps that human excrement and poultry excrement are mixed and stirred according to a scale, and then are filtered; the filtered excrement enters a digestion tank by a regulating tank for fermentation and is input in a concentration machine after fermented, and 10 to 30% of water is separated from the excrement; the excrement is then detected by chemical examination, and is added with a certain amount of inorganic fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for compounding, and the compounded fertilizer is sent to a drying tower for dryness and is granulated and packed. The nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium in the finished product fertilizer are 8%, 6% and 8% of the total weight of manure.

Description

Manufacture method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer

The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of organic-inorganic composite fertilizer, particularly relate to a kind of method of utilizing the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of people, animal, poultry manure and the manufacturing of small amounts of inorganic chemical fertilizer.

Mostly the market practice of modern agriculture production all over the world at present is to depend on a large amount of chemical fertilizer.Sterilant and weedicide, and proved every per mu yield that can increase farm crop greatly already.But short-term just in this effect, proved these methods need annual or more continually the repetitive administration agrochemical substances just can keep high productivity.

Result according to the research report of relevant department shows that after through the concentrated use chemical substance in three to five years, the natural fertility of soil significantly descends along with annual continuous administration chemical substance.The result of this decline has caused annual for keeping high yield must strengthen the amount of application of chemical fertilizer gradually.So just having caused the expense increase and quickened whole declines of soil, finally is in five to ten years, and the value of Agricultural land is all exhausted and being made a gift of to the greatest extent.The obvious poor ridge in some soil becomes barren land, even after abandoning famine, can not grow crop again.The reason that causes this result is many-sided, but major cause is to lack to use the fertilizer that increases the natural soil fertility.Because contain various elements, mineral substance, organic matter and nutrient substance that plant easily absorbs in the fertilizer.Therefore the production of fertilizer comes into one's own.

Some local organic fertilizer production mostly design for handling municipal wastes in recent years.Contain a large amount of rubbish in the fertilizer of this method manufacturing, more particularly be difficult to the chemical preparations that digests, thereby seriously destroyed the ecosystem in farmland, unfavorable to soil, unfavorable to crop growth.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of town and country livestock and poultry manure and small amounts of inorganic chemical fertilizers production.Organic-inorganic composite fertilizer with the inventive method preparation can be applied to multiple soil and plant variety.A large amount of organic nutrient substances and inorganic nutrients composition are contained in the composite fertilizer of the inventive method preparation, are a kind of composite fertilizers of long-acting efficient, help soil improvement.Another object of the present invention is to make the people, animal brid guano innoxious, makes agricultural-food pollution-free, improves urban and rural environment and health state.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: at first people's poultry manure of collecting is mixed stirring according to a certain ratio, the filter of treatment process is given in input then, filter after regulating tank enters in the digester, in airtight digester, utilize the metabolism of anaerobion to make the ight soil slaking, and kill parasitic ovum, part pathogenic bacterium and virus.Simultaneously the biogas that produces in the digester is supplied follow-up drying step utilization as the energy.The ight soil of slaking is sent in the thickner, isolate the moisture of its 15-35%, to improve the efficient of follow-up drying step, sample examination adds the inorganic fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium composition on demand, make organic-inorganic composite fertilizer reach higher nutrient content, become efficient, long-acting organic-inorganic composite fertilizer.Moisture work in-process after compound are sent in the rotating disc type spray-drier, moisture is wherein vaporized in the high temperature drying air, collect efficient, the long-acting organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of exsiccant, be finished product through the packing of granulating again.

Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of production organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of the present invention.1-filter wherein, 2-regulating tank, 3-digester, 4-biogas gas holder, 5-thickner, 6-combustion heating chamber, the compound pond of 7-, 8-drying tower, 9-cyclonic separator, 10-interchanger, 12-tablets press, 13-packing.

With reference to production procedure shown in Figure 1, can be well understood to very much the production process of organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of the present invention. At first human faecal mass is mixed (human feces in city is moisture more than 95%) action of forced stirring with poultry dung in the ratio of 75～65 parts of 25～35 parts of ratios (dry weight ratio), with poultry manure and the abundant mixing of human excrement. Import then in the filter (1), the foreign material of the difficult fermentations such as chicken feather are leached, the ight soil after will filtering again is pumped in the regulating tank (2) with solid, continues to be fed in the digester (3) by regulating tank (2). The effect of regulating tank (2) is the liquid level that keeps digester (3), and the raw material that discharged every day from digester is replenished accordingly. For avoiding raw material to ferment in regulating tank, regulating tank should be the normal pressure open type. The raw material that enters digester carries out mesophilic digestion in digester, airtight digester adopts the form of continuous feeding and discharging balance, and digestion time is 10～15 days, and fermentation temperature is 20-35 ℃, and producing and producing biogas pressure is about 400mm/H₂The O(39.24 millibar) the biogas self-pressure that produces in the digester is sent in the gas tank (4) temporary, light in combustion heating chamber as the energy, the heating dry air makes its temperature reach 250-450 ℃, from digester, export the slaking raw material that accounts for digester volume 15～70% every day, send in the centrifugal thickener (5), isolate 10～30% water, to improve the drying efficiency of ight soil in subsequent step. The raw material of discharging from thickener enters in the compound pond (7) after chemical examination detects, the purpose that chemical examination detects is to determine the prescription of organic-inorganic composite fertilizer, for reaching required index, in composite fertilizer, add the active ingredient of a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic fertilizer, after touching the mark, raw material is sent into drying tower (8) with screw pump, through contact with dry air from heating clamber (6) (hot air temperature is 250～450 ℃), make the moisture vaporization in the raw material, dry thing is directly discharged from the drying tower end opening; Or isolate through cyclone separator (9), both discharge material and together send into disc type or squash type granulator (12), add the light flavor agent granulation that changes, and detect at last Packing (13). Telling temperature from cyclone separator (9) is that 70～120 ℃ hot gas is sent into heat exchanger (10) heating and entered the raw material of digester and as keeping the required thermal source of fermentation temperature the digester from regulating tank, so that temperature remains on 20～35 ℃ in the digester, become the high efficiency organic-inorganic compound fertilizer granules behind the solid of discharging from the drying tower end opening and the solid material processed told from cyclone separator, as need not granulate then can be directly with powdered fertilizer as finished product packing.

The organic-inorganic composite fertilizer that the inventive method makes is used various dissimilar soil, then can improve significantly soil fertility and soil environment. Organic-inorganic composite fertilizer of the present invention can be applied to the farmland for many years, and does not have harmful results of those long-term decay that common nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer causes. The organic-inorganic composite fertilizer that makes of the inventive method grows up in order to overcome the shortcoming of using common fertilizer to occur in the world wide just in fact.

Embodiment further specifies of the present invention down, rather than restriction the present invention.

Embodiment

Human excrement with moisture 95% 48000 kilograms (containing 2400 kilograms of pure human excrements) is that the wide-meshed screen of 1cm filters by the aperture, remove the bulk foreign material after, enter agitated pool.The fresh chicken manure 18700 kilograms (containing 5610 kilograms of pure chicken manures) of water content 70% is directly sent into agitated pool.Force to stir, to chicken manure molten open with the human excrement mixing after, in the input filter, foreign material such as chicken feather are leached.Ight soil after will filtering again uses and is pumped in the regulating tank, continues to be fed in the digester and ferments, and fermentation time is 10 days.Output biogas is temporary.Leavening temperature 20-35 ℃.

To digest the back raw material and send into centrifugal concentrator for 6000 kilograms, carry out solid-liquid separation, isolate 3800 kg of water, separate back raw material moisture 77.3%, detect, because of people's chicken manure available nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content in every batch of raw material are 8-6-8% based on the weight percentage of whole organic-inorganic composite fertilizer.

Common people, the effective nutrient nitrogen of chicken manure, phosphorus, potassium content (% weight)

Nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P₂O₅) potassium (K₂O)

Freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement 1-1.5 1.54 0.85

People's argol 1 0.5 0.37

Human excrement 0.5-0.8 0.2-0.4 0.2-0.3

Inorganic fertilizer N-P-K content (% weight) commonly used

Nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P₂O₅) potassium (K₂O)

Urea 46

Ammonium sulfate 20-21

Diammonium phosphate 18 46

Vitriolate of tartar 48-52

Repone K 60

Detect that the back raw material adds nitrogenous, phosphorus in compound pond, the potassium inorganic fertilizer carries out stirring and evenly mixing.Send into drying machine with spiral pump, 5-10 ℃ of dried feed liquid temp.330 ℃ of hot air temperatures, exhaust temperature are 110 ℃, and whole exsiccant deadlines of raw material are 30-60 minute, receive 500 kilograms of dry finished products.1440 kilograms of transpiring moistures, product yield 25%.Dry finished product state is Powdered microparticle, and moisture about 3%(is heavy).Granulate by extruding type tablets press or granulating disc, particle attaches that light to change flavor agent peppermint an amount of, to cover offending smell, packing.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of manufacture method of organic-inorganic composite fertilizer, this method comprises that human feces in city (moisture about 95%) and poultry manure press 25-35 part than 75-65 part (dry weight ratio) mixed, filter then, ight soil after the filtration enters in the digester through regulating tank and ferments, leavening temperature is 20～35 ℃, time is 10～15 days, pressure is 400mmH20, isolate the moisture of 10-30% in the fermentation back input thickner, chemical examination detects then, and it is compound to add nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic fertilizer as required, sends into drying tower, the dry and packing of granulating after compound.

2, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that regulating tank is the normal pressure open type.

3, according to the method for claim 1, the water content of dry back organic-inorganic composite fertilizer is that 3%(is heavy).

4, method available nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium according to claim 1 is 8-6-8% based on the weight percentage of whole organic-inorganic composite fertilizer.

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