CN101049942A

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN101049942A
Application number: CN 200710038926
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毛志平; 毛庆辉; 芈凌佳; 王明勇
Original assignee: Donghua University
Current assignee: Donghua University
Priority date: 2007-03-30
Filing date: 2007-03-30
Publication date: 2007-10-10

Abstract

本发明提供了一种能在复合材料中均匀分散，可直接涂覆于各类材料表面，对材料形成有效保护的蛭石水溶胶及其制备方法和应用，蛭石水溶胶包括：蛭石颗粒，分散剂，水。蛭石水溶胶的制备方法包括：蛭石的研磨初选，加入分散剂后再进行研磨、微射流均质分散，制得水溶胶；本发明所得的蛭石水溶胶主要应用于：防火隔热材料，蔬菜水果的保鲜包装材料，印染废水、含重金属废水等废水的处理。

The invention provides a vermiculite hydrosol which can be evenly dispersed in composite materials, can be directly coated on the surface of various materials, and effectively protects materials, and its preparation method and application. The vermiculite hydrosol includes: vermiculite particles , dispersant, water. The preparation method of the vermiculite hydrosol comprises: grinding primary selection of vermiculite, grinding after adding a dispersant, and micro-jet homogeneous dispersion to obtain the hydrosol; the vermiculite hydrosol obtained in the present invention is mainly used in: fire prevention and heat insulation Materials, fresh-keeping packaging materials for vegetables and fruits, treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, wastewater containing heavy metals and other wastewater.

Description

A kind of hydrosol of vermiculite and its production and application

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of water-sol and its production and application, rapid mica mineral-hydrosol of vermiculite of separating of expanding layer and its production and application when being specifically related to a kind of calcination.

Background technology

In recent years, external many countries have carried out big quantity research to how utilizing efficient material produce thin layer expansible fireproof thermal insulating coating.Why urgent development thin layer coating is, is because it can not increase weight to structure, can guarantee that again the material that mechanize is produced has resistivity against fire efficiently simultaneously.Above-mentioned this coating should possess little, the heat insulation good characteristics of thermal conductivity, and at decomposition, dehydration, the generation rare gas element of chemical substance the minimizing of material surface oxygen level, distillation and the width of cloth is penetrated etc. under the situation still to demonstrate its protective characteristic.Hydrous micas ore deposit---vermiculite can satisfy above-mentioned most requirement.The fusing point of vermiculite has fabulous resistance to elevated temperatures up to 1370～1400 ℃.Can expand at the high temperature action vermiculite, the vermiculite after heat expands has low density characteristics.Owing to have air wall, vermiculite lamella that radiant heat is had good reflex action etc. between the vermiculite synusia, so expanded vermiculite has good effect of heat insulation.

Heat-proof quality is a big premium properties of vermiculite, and stripping divides vermiculite performance in this respect particularly outstanding.Divide vermiculite insulation, the thermal baffle of vermiculite preparation definitely harmless to human health by stripping, it can carry out heat insulation, sound insulation, insulation to the house, does not emit any gas when being heated, and also can not wear out.It can be used in following all many-sides: as the decoration of the resistant to elevated temperatures public and production house of need; The fire-fighting protective shield of public and production facility; Make matrix material with other material mixing, as fire rated partition, door dividing plate, fire-barrier ceiling; As head tower, steel construction protection cover etc.

Vermiculite coating Woven glass cloth is golden solution (water base suspension) the coated glass fiber fabric made from the vermiculite tabular crystal and making.Just as covered one deck armor at fiberglass surfacing, make the glass fibre protective capacities improve 50% behind the vermiculite coated fabric.The chemical dispersion body of vermiculite has improved the fire-resistant temperature tolerance of glass fibre, can bear the heat that the flame direct radiation is come out better, does not fire, is not fuming, keep stable down at 815 ℃, and keeping good flexibility, thermal conductivity is low, improves the heat-proof quality of vermiculite/glasscloth.Form protective membrane by vermiculite at fiber surface, can reduce the mutual abrasion between the fiber, improve the goods wear resistance.In addition, vermiculite coating Woven glass cloth also has characteristics such as strength-weight ratio height, anti-most of chemical.Because these advantages, the vermiculite coating glass fiber often can be used as the economical substitute material of silica fiber and ceramic fiber.

Very easily rot in the mature period the fruit of output hot season, vegetables etc., for example oily Lee, fruit maturation is extremely hot summer high temperature season, and pericarp is thin, the pulp succulence, staging life is very short.If keeping is not good at, tend to bring about great losses because of lose aquatic foods, rot etc.So far the wrapping material that use in storing keeping process remain wooden case, packing case carton, corrugated paperbox, basket, bag etc., or lining paper in addition again, or add plant leaf or weeds etc. again.Because these materials can only protect apple to avoid physical damnification, there is not the anti-corrosive fresh-keeping effect, so can not satisfy market demands.For reducing the loss, the exploitation fresh-keeping packaging material becomes necessary.

Fresh-keeping packaging material is to add preservation agent or through special processing treatment, give the wrapping material of fresh-keeping function on the basis of ordinary packing material.The fresh-keeping packaging material that has developed at present has Freshkeeping Packaging paper, antistaling box, freshness protection package, the simple and easy cold insulation container of fresh-keeping thin slice etc.Tin foil is that long-effective corrosion agent, the agent of catalyst type ethylene removal are filled in the paper making raw material or invade and be coated on the paper of making, and makes it have fresh keeping property.The principle of antistaling box and tin foil is identical, the whole or part of casing can be carried out Preservation Treatment, also tin foil can be attached to box inside and obtain.Freshness protection package has silicon rubber window controlled atmosphere bag, the antisweat bag film, the microporous membrane bag and sneak into antiseptic-germicide, ethene takes off the Plastic film Bag that paint, reductor, deodorizing composition etc. are made.Fresh-keeping packaging material is the big rising wrapping material that receive praises from customers owing to have many advantages, is widely used in the preservation and freshness of fruits and vegetables in recent years.

Utilization is packed it the harmless wrapping material of environment and edible article will improve its good fruit rate greatly, and its rate of weight loss reduces greatly, simultaneously can keep the original color of its fruit, hardness, quality and local flavor, the time that prolongs its storage and deposit effectively.Vermiculite in flake after the expansion has good heat-proof quality, and directly any harm can not caused to human body in the contacting fruit surface, and vermiculite has the leeway of putting to good use greatly in the application of fresh-keeping packaging material.

Wait the existing report of the technology of handling heavy metal wastewater thereby or dyeing waste water with sepiolite, diatomite, and that vermiculite is used for the report of wastewater treatment is less relatively.Contain a large amount of heavy metal ion in the heavy metal wastewater thereby, as Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni etc., these heavy metal ion are known from experience the secular harm of generation to the people.Utilizing inexpensive sewage the processing with effective adsorbent is an important content of environmental protection.Vermiculite after the expansion is compared with sepiolite, diatomite, attapulgite, have advantages such as light weight, specific surface area is big, loading capacity is big, therefore have bigger specific surface area than primary mineral of vermiculite, remove heavy metal in the domestic water with expanded vermiculite as sorbent material and the heavy metal ion in the sewage will be very effective.Vermiculite is the layer aluminosilicate mineral of 2: 1 type structures, layer charge in its structure is 0.6-0.9, (0.2-0.6) is high than smectite, lower than mica, and the residual negative electric charge that layer charge mainly replaces Si to produce by Al in the tetrahedrallayer causes, part derives from the residue positive charge that the ferric iron of octahedral sheet causes, the net negative charge after both offset is the layer charge number.Vermiculite has the characteristics of high layer charge, so its uncharged silica face area is few, and this is its shortcoming.But also its layer charge height just, it can adsorb more heavy metal cation by ion-exchange.

At present, domestic aspects such as Food preservation, wastewater treatment, sound-insulating and heat-insulating that vermiculite is used for mainly directly utilize SOLID ORGANIC expanded vermiculite, stripping to divide vermiculite, and this has limited to the range of application of vermiculite greatly; And divide a vermiculite to make matrix material SOLID ORGANIC expanded vermiculite/stripping with other material mixing, and be difficult to guarantee the homodisperse of vermiculite in matrix material, the physical and mechanical properties of material self there is certain negative impact.

In recent years, when China produces vermiculite coated glass fiber goods, utilize physical mechanical method that vermiculite is crushed to certain fineness usually after, add a small amount of synthetic resins, be mixed and made into vermiculite suspension, this suspension instability, leave standstill easily layering of back, before coating, need to stir once more and could use.Zhi Bei suspension by this way, vermiculite wherein is particulate state or approximate spherical granules, be coated on glass fibre after, film-forming properties is relatively poor, thereby can not form effective protection fully to glasscloth.Owing to used synthetic resins, influenced the heat resistance of this coated products to a certain extent in addition as membrane-forming agent.

The present invention is prepared into the water-sol by chemically expansible in conjunction with the method that the physics stripping divides with vermiculite, and the vermiculite dispersiveness improves greatly, and specific surface area increases, and vermiculite becomes laminar structured in the sol system.Hydrosol of vermiculite can directly be coated on the various types of materials surface, and material is formed effective protection, has overcome the shortcoming of systems such as SOLID ORGANIC expanded vermiculite, stripping branch vermiculite, vermiculite suspension.

Summary of the invention

One of technical problem to be solved by this invention is to have overcome SOLID ORGANIC expanded vermiculite, stripping to divide the systems such as a vermiculite, vermiculite suspension can not homodisperse shortcoming in matrix material, provide a kind of can be in matrix material homodisperse, can directly be coated on the various types of materials surface, material be formed the hydrosol of vermiculite of effective protection; Two of technical problem to be solved by this invention has provided the preparation method of hydrosol of vermiculite; This method technology is simple, and cost is low.Three of technical problem to be solved by this invention has provided the purposes of hydrosol of vermiculite.

The present invention with vermiculite class mineral directly or the vermiculite that carries out intercalation expansion modification by the method for organic intercalation make submicron order or nano level tiny platy shaped particle by physical method, select suitable dispersion agent to make the water-sol then.

Hydrosol of vermiculite of the present invention comprises:

1. particle diameter is at the vermiculite of 60-100nm, preferred 60-80nm;

2. positively charged ion, negatively charged ion and non-ionic dispersing agent;

3. water.

The consumption of dispersion agent accounts for the 0.1%-300% of vermiculite consumption, preferably 20%-100%;

The preparation method of hydrosol of vermiculite of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1) primary election of vermiculite: with disintegrating apparatus such as sand mill, basket shredder, pulverizing mill, ball mill, rod mills primary mineral of vermiculite is ground, choose particle diameter and be preferably less than the part of 10um, seasoning less than 1000um.

(2) hydrosol of vermiculite preparation: (consumption of dispersion agent accounts for the 0.1%-300% of vermiculite consumption at cation dispersing agent, non-ionic dispersing agent or anionic dispersing agents, 20%-100% preferably) and under the condition that exists of water, the vermiculite of exsiccant (1) step preparation is carried out the secondary pulverizing with the little homogenizer of penetrating of sand mill, basket shredder, pulverizing mill, ball mill, rod mill or high pressure again, vermiculite power is broken into submicron order or nano level fine particle, makes hydrosol of vermiculite.

Second kind of preparation method of hydrosol of vermiculite of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1) primary election of vermiculite: with sand mill, basket shredder, pulverizing mill, ball mill, rod mill primary mineral of vermiculite is ground, choose particle diameter and be preferably less than the part of 10um, seasoning less than 1000um.

(2) the organic intercalation modification of vermiculite: selecting carbon chain lengths for use is the quaternary ammonium alkyl salt compound of 4-44, preferably carbon chain lengths is the quaternary ammonium alkyl salt compound of 4-16, at 1-100 doubly, preferably 1-8 doubly CEC consumption (cationic exchange consumption) and 0 ℃-100 ℃ preferably under 50 ℃-80 ℃, to the 1. the vermiculite of step preparation carry out the organic expander modification, drying.

(3) hydrosol of vermiculite preparation: (consumption of dispersion agent accounts for the 0.1%-300% of vermiculite consumption with positively charged ion, negatively charged ion, the non-ionic dispersing agent selected for use, 20%-100% preferably) adds through the and 2. go on foot in the vermiculite of cation-intercalated modification, with sand mill, basket shredder, pulverizing mill, ball mill, rod mill or high pressure microjet homogenizer cation-intercalated PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE is pulverized again, make submicron order or nano level fine particle, obtain the hydrosol of vermiculite of stably dispersing.

The third preparation method of hydrosol of vermiculite of the present invention comprises the steps:

(2) the hydrogen peroxide expansion modification of vermiculite: the hydrogen peroxide of selecting the best 20%-40% of concentration 0.1%-50% for use, 1-100 doubly preferably 2-10 doubly consumption and 0 ℃-100 ℃ preferably under 20 ℃-40 ℃, vermiculite to the preparation of (1) step is shelled the branch modification, drying.

(3) hydrosol of vermiculite preparation: (consumption of dispersion agent accounts for the 0.1%-300% of vermiculite consumption with positively charged ion, negatively charged ion, the non-ionic dispersing agent selected for use, 20%-100% preferably) adds through the and 2. go on foot in the vermiculite of hydrogen peroxide expansion modification, with sand mill, basket shredder, pulverizing mill, ball mill, rod mill or high pressure microjet homogenizer cation-intercalated PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE is pulverized again, make submicron order or nano level fine particle, obtain the hydrosol of vermiculite of stably dispersing.

The 4th kind of preparation method of hydrosol of vermiculite of the present invention comprises the steps:

(2) the hydrogen peroxide expansion modification of vermiculite: select the preferably hydrogen peroxide of 20-40% of concentration 5-50% for use, 1-100 doubly preferably 2-10 doubly consumption and 0 ℃-100 ℃ preferably under 20 ℃-40 ℃, to the 1. the vermiculite of step preparation shell the branch modification, drying.

(3) the organic intercalation modification of vermiculite: selecting carbon chain lengths for use is the quaternary ammonium alkyl salt compound of 4-44, preferably carbon chain lengths is the quaternary ammonium alkyl salt compound of 4-16,1-100 doubly preferably 1-8 doubly CEC consumption (cationic exchange consumption) and 0 ℃-100 ℃ preferably under 50 ℃-80 ℃, to the 1. the vermiculite of step preparation carry out the organic expander modification, drying.

(4) hydrosol of vermiculite preparation: (consumption of dispersion agent accounts for the 0.1%-300% of vermiculite consumption with positively charged ion, negatively charged ion, the non-ionic dispersing agent selected for use, 20%-100% preferably) adds through the and 3. go on foot in the vermiculite of modification, with sand mill, basket shredder, pulverizing mill, ball mill, rod mill and high pressure microjet homogenizer cation-intercalated PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE is pulverized again, make submicron order or nano level fine particle, obtain the hydrosol of vermiculite of stably dispersing.

Hydrosol of vermiculite of the present invention is used: comprise as follows:

1. fire-proof heat-insulating material is used for the fire-proof and thermal-insulation coating of steel structure material, the refractory heat-insulating finishing functions of organic, the lagging material of high temperature facility etc.;

2. the fresh-keeping packaging material of vegetable and fruit;

3. the processing of waste water such as dyeing waste water, heavy metal-containing waste water.

Utilize hydrosol of vermiculite that various types of materials is carried out coating modification, vermiculite only concentrates on the various types of materials surface, physical and mechanical properties influence to various types of materials is less, less to structure weightening finish, can guarantee characteristics such as fire prevention that the material of producing has vermiculite and have, heat insulation, sound insulation, insulation, strong absorption simultaneously again.

Because hydrosol of vermiculite has good dispersiveness in water, when being used for wastewater treatment, vermiculite dispersing property in waste water is good, can give full play to the effect of vermiculite.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 hydrosol of vermiculite preparation method one schema

Fig. 2 hydrosol of vermiculite preparation method two schemas

Fig. 3 hydrosol of vermiculite preparation method three schemas

Fig. 4 hydrosol of vermiculite preparation method four schemas

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.

Embodiment one

1. be that the zirconia ball of 2mm carries out sand milling to primary mineral of vermiculite 5g in sand mill with diameter, 6 hours time, obtain the vermiculite granule of particle diameter less than 10um with the air filter screening.

2. after in the vermiculite of screening, adding dispersion agent (consumption of dispersion agent account for vermiculite consumption 100%), with diameter is that the zirconia ball of 1mm carries out sand milling to the vermiculite of screening in sand mill, 6 hours time, vermiculite after using high pressure microjet homogenizer to sand milling is again handled 10 times, obtains the water-sol of vermiculite particle diameter between 60-100nm.

Embodiment two

2. the redistilled water that in three-necked bottle, adds 200ml, vermiculite after the screening is dropped in the redistilled water, the quaternary ammonium alkyl salt compound that adds 6 times of CEC amounts (cation exchange capacity) is (as cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, 4 bromide, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), 80 ℃ of following stirring reactions 8 hours, obtain the organic expander vermiculite.

3. with organic expander vermiculite repetitive scrubbing, up to no Br^-, Cl^-Exist and (use AgNO₃Detect).

4. after in the organic expander vermiculite, adding dispersion agent (consumption of dispersion agent account for vermiculite consumption 100%), with diameter is that the zirconia ball of 1mm carries out sand milling to the vermiculite of screening in sand mill, 6 hours time, vermiculite after using high pressure microjet homogenizer to sand milling is again handled 10 times, obtains the water-sol of vermiculite particle diameter between 60-100nm.

Embodiment three

1. be that the zirconia ball of 2mm carries out sand milling to primary mineral of vermiculite in sand mill with diameter, 6 hours time, obtain the vermiculite granule of particle diameter less than 10um with the air filter screening.

2. select the hydrogen peroxide of concentration 30% for use, under 10 times of consumptions and 25 ℃, the vermiculite of screening is shelled the branch modification, the time is 24 hours.

3. after in stripping branch PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE, adding dispersion agent (consumption of dispersion agent account for vermiculite consumption 100%), with diameter is that the zirconia ball of 1mm carries out sand milling to the vermiculite of screening in sand mill, 6 hours time, vermiculite after using high pressure microjet homogenizer to sand milling is again handled 10 times, obtains the water-sol of vermiculite particle diameter between 60-100nm.

Embodiment four

3. the redistilled water that in three-necked bottle, adds 200ml, vermiculite after the modification of stripping branch is dropped in the redistilled water, the quaternary ammonium alkyl salt compound that adds 6 times of CEC amounts (cation exchange capacity) is (as cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, 4 bromide, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), 80 ℃ of following stirring reactions 8 hours, obtain twice-modified vermiculite.

4. after in twice-modified vermiculite, adding dispersion agent (consumption of dispersion agent account for vermiculite consumption 100%), with diameter is that the zirconia ball of 1mm carries out sand milling to PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE in sand mill, 6 hours time, vermiculite after using high pressure microjet homogenizer to sand milling is again handled 10 times, obtains the water-sol of vermiculite particle diameter between 60-100nm.

Claims

Translated fromChinese

1.一种蛭石水溶胶，包括：粒径60-100nm的蛭石，分散剂，水。1. A vermiculite hydrosol, comprising: vermiculite with a particle diameter of 60-100nm, a dispersant, and water.

2.如权利要求1所述的一种蛭石水溶胶，其特征在于：蛭石粒径为60-80nm，分散剂为阳离子、阴离子和非离子。2. a kind of vermiculite hydrosol as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: vermiculite particle diameter is 60-80nm, and dispersant is cation, anion and nonion.

3.一种蛭石水溶胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：3. a preparation method of vermiculite hydrosol, comprising the steps:

(1)蛭石的初选：粉碎设备对蛭石原矿进行研磨，选取粒径小于1000um的部分，自然干燥。(1) Primary selection of vermiculite: The raw vermiculite is ground by crushing equipment, and the part with a particle size of less than 1000um is selected and dried naturally.

(2)在分散剂和水存在的条件下，将上述蛭石进行二次粉碎，微射流均质分散，将蛭石粉碎成细小颗粒，制成蛭石水溶胶。(2) Under the condition that the dispersant and water exist, the above-mentioned vermiculite is pulverized for the second time, and the micro-jet is homogeneously dispersed, and the vermiculite is pulverized into fine particles to prepare the vermiculite hydrosol.

4.如权利要求3所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的蛭石初选，干燥后，进行蛭石的有机插层改性：用碳链长度为4-44的烷基季铵盐化合物，在1-100倍的阳离子交换用量和0℃-100℃，对初选干燥后的蛭石进行有机膨胀改性，干燥；再制备蛭石水溶胶。4. a kind of vermiculite hydrosol preparation method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described vermiculite primary selection, after drying, carries out the organic intercalation modification of vermiculite: be 4- with carbon chain length For the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt compound of 44, at 1-100 times the amount of cation exchange and 0°C-100°C, the primary dried vermiculite is organically expanded and modified, and then dried; and then the vermiculite hydrosol is prepared.

5.如权利要求3所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的蛭石初选，干燥后，进行蛭石的双氧水膨胀改性：用浓度0.1％-50％双氧水，在1-100倍用量和0℃-100℃，对初选干燥后的蛭石进行剥分改性，干燥；再制备蛭石水溶胶。5. a kind of vermiculite hydrosol preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described vermiculite is first-selected, after drying, carry out the hydrogen peroxide expansion modification of vermiculite: use concentration 0.1%-50% hydrogen peroxide , at the dosage of 1-100 times and 0°C-100°C, the primary dried vermiculite is stripped and modified, and dried; then the vermiculite hydrosol is prepared.

6.如权利要求3所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的蛭石初选，干燥后，进行蛭石的双氧水膨胀改性：用浓度0.1％-50％双氧水，在1-100倍用量和0℃-100℃，对初选干燥后的蛭石进行剥分改性，干燥；再进行蛭石的有机插层改性：用碳链长度为4-44的烷基季铵盐化合物，在1-100倍的阳离子交换用量和0℃-100℃，对经双氧水膨胀改性的蛭石进行有机膨胀改性，干燥；再制备蛭石水溶胶。6. a kind of vermiculite hydrosol preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described vermiculite is first-selected, after drying, carry out the hydrogen peroxide expansion modification of vermiculite: use concentration 0.1%-50% hydrogen peroxide , at 1-100 times the dosage and 0°C-100°C, the primary dried vermiculite is stripped and modified, and dried; then the organic intercalation modification of the vermiculite is carried out: use carbon chain length of 4-44 Alkyl quaternary ammonium salt compound, at 1-100 times the amount of cation exchange and 0°C-100°C, carry out organic expansion modification on vermiculite modified by hydrogen peroxide expansion, and dry; then prepare vermiculite hydrosol.

7.如权利要求3-6所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的蛭石粒径取小于10um的部分。7. A method for preparing vermiculite hydrosol according to claims 3-6, characterized in that: the particle size of the vermiculite is less than 10um.

8.如权利要求3-6所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的分散剂的用量占蛭石用量的0.1％-300％。8. A method for preparing vermiculite hydrosol according to claims 3-6, characterized in that: the amount of the dispersant accounts for 0.1%-300% of the vermiculite amount.

9.如权利要求3-6所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的分散剂的用量占蛭石用量的20％-100％。9. A method for preparing vermiculite hydrosol according to claims 3-6, characterized in that: the amount of the dispersant accounts for 20%-100% of the amount of vermiculite.

10.如权利要求4或6所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的蛭石有机插层改性中，烷基季铵盐化合物的碳链长度为4-16，阳离子交换用量为1-8倍，温度为50℃-80℃。10. A kind of vermiculite hydrosol preparation method as claimed in claim 4 or 6, it is characterized in that: in described vermiculite organic intercalation modification, the carbon chain length of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt compound is 4-16 , the amount of cation exchange is 1-8 times, and the temperature is 50°C-80°C.

11.如权利要求5或6所述的一种蛭石水溶胶制备方法，其特征在于：所述的蛭石的双氧水膨胀改性中，双氧水浓度为20％-40％，用量为2-10倍，温度为20℃-40℃。11. a kind of vermiculite hydrosol preparation method as claimed in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: in the hydrogen peroxide expansion modification of described vermiculite, hydrogen peroxide concentration is 20%-40%, consumption is 2-10 times, the temperature is 20°C-40°C.

12.一种蛭石水溶胶的应用，用于防火隔热材料、蔬菜水果的保鲜包装材料、和废水处理。12. The application of a vermiculite hydrosol, which is used for fire-proof and heat-insulating materials, fresh-keeping packaging materials for vegetables and fruits, and waste water treatment.