The generation of summary of the invention wind-tunnel, wind
In daily life, there is many wind to be utilized by the mankind, also ignored by the mankind, such as chimney, it can make boiler (on-mechanical boiler) produce blast, makes stove fire more vigorous, more oxygen is combined with coal, and generation heat energy is considered toward big aspect again, is exactly the cooling tower of power station, diameter 40-50 rice, about 50-70 rice,, enter in the tower highly greatly if you are at a bright and sunny fair weather, the outside is calm, but very strong wind is arranged in the tower, can upward and your hand roll your cap or the less sand grains of diameter from your head, have wind here why? can such wind utilize? what is wind?
Atmosphere has pressure, and the pressure of atmosphere is different (because height sunlight degrees of absorption of landform etc.) in each place.Different air will flow to flowing of the low local this air of air pressure from the high place of air pressure and just produce wind, can so why, wind-tunnel produce wind? through my examining, although find that air can flow, but wind is that very big resistance is arranged from first ground to second ground, resistance wherein is exactly an air oneself, the blower that the imagination people use, when certain distance is arrived in wind, will be imperceptible or the slight existence that can feel wind? it limited wind-force stopped that by air wind has just scattered.So produce bigger wind, certain or fairly large power will be arranged, could produce wind.For another example: we ride bicycle or motorcycle, will can feel that also very big head-on wind blows on the calm date, and the speed of a motor vehicle is fast more, and wind-force is big more.This wind is exactly the resistance of air.Supposing does not have resistance of air, and we have only the frictional force on some tires and ground by bike so, and how very fast how light this is,!
Why can wind-tunnel produce wind upwards? have with regard to the resistance of this and air and to have concerned, we use circular wind-tunnel, very big resistance of air around having blocked, make it be in a space that relative resistance of air is very little, the atmospheric density of wind-tunnel outside will uprise relatively so, and the atmospheric density in the wind-tunnel will diminish relatively.If we open many intake grills in the bottom of wind-tunnel, air will flow to the low wind-tunnel inside of atmospheric density from the high outside of atmospheric density, again because wind-tunnel inner air resistance is little and barometric pressure lower is bigger than the atmospheric pressure of eminence, under the effect of above several power, wind will enter from the wind-tunnel bottom, and gush out from the top, so wind has just produced in artificial wind-tunnel.And (area of wind-tunnel is big more, and the height of wind-tunnel is high more, and the wind-force of generation is also just big more) (remaining be experimental results show that) annotates: the big and height of wind-tunnel is proportional, effective ratio in, above-mentioned situation just appears.
One, wind-tunnel design scheme:
Wind-tunnel can be divided into three kinds of specifications, can and highly come according to the diameter of wind-tunnel to determine
Small-sized wind-tunnel: wind-tunnel diameter 10-20 rice (internal diameter) wind-tunnel height 60-80 rice
Medium-sized wind-tunnel: wind-tunnel diameter 20-30 rice (internal diameter) wind-tunnel height 80-100 rice
Large tunnel: the wind-tunnel diameter more than 30 meters (internal diameter) wind-tunnel height more than 100 meters
Highlight medium-sized wind-tunnel below: (Fig. 1)
23.5 meters positions of 22 meters outer diameters of wind-tunnel inner diameter: wind-tunnel bottom
Outside 21 meters portions of 20 meters outer diameters of wind-tunnel inner diameter: upper shed place of wind-tunnel
100 meters of wind-tunnel height overalls, its middle and lower part intake grill is high 3 meters
Girth in the wind-tunnel: 69.12 meters (bottom)
Wind-tunnel outer perimeter: 73.83 meters (bottom)
Girth in the wind-tunnel: 62.83 meters (top)
Wind-tunnel outer perimeter: 65.97 meters (top)
Produce wind speed 8-10m/s (minimum value)
Wind-tunnel has formed, because wind-tunnel enough high (100 meters) enough big (22 meters of diameters) is so the wind that produces is also bigger, because there is not the medium-sized wind-tunnel of this moulding, we can take present common chimney to compare: there are 1.5 meters square air port wind speed 35 meters lower ends of 2 meters (lower end) height of common chimney internal diameter〉6m/s (in calm test down)
Medium-sized wind-tunnel is 10 times of common chimney internal diameter, highly is 3 times of common chimney, so the minimum windspeed 8-10m/s that draws.Such wind speed drives the wind wheel rotation and generating just becomes very desirable.
Two, wind wheel design proposal
During the design wind wheel, I expect the wind wheel of existing wind-driven generator at the very start, but in limited space, how many huge like this wind wheels can be installed again in the wind-tunnel? what does the electricity that such wind wheel sends have again? the electricity that it sends can not be directly proportional with the big wind-tunnel of our investment, no benefit, just do not utilize its value yet.
Is the power that how just can make wind promote wind wheel strengthened, and the negative resistance of fan blade can dwindle? can this situation occur? can this have become this technology really successful key, also is the difficult point of this innovation.I have thought for a long time, one day when scratching on paper, why not expect family to a wind sheltering of fan blade peace suddenly? during a fan blade job, the wind sheltering of all staying at home of other three fan blades, when another fan blade came out work, just first fan blade just arrived the entrance, so I have just designed four fan blades, and also have the family of their wind sheltering, be installed in the outer surface of wind-tunnel.This can save in the wind-tunnel widely, the space of the leaf that is used for leaking informaton.Four fan blades, man-to-man being equal in weight, four fan blade weight equate that also this just like the lever principle of seesaw, slightly firmly, just turns.Two weight reach balance, can reduce the resistance of self, increase the induced effect to generator.The generator that this fan blade also can be used for natural wind uses.As Fig. 4
We know that the wind in the wind-tunnel upwards advances, fan blade in being in wind-tunnel is stressed when up changeing, other three suffered resistances of fan blade are very little, because the wind of the family of fan blade is very little, can disregard, whenfan blade 8A changeed 30 °,fan blade 8B had begun stressed, so just may guarantee that fan blade can rotate soon.The effect of thearc plate 11 of angle in the impeller among the figure: the anterior control of thearc plate 11 of angle and fanblade wind part 12 in the impeller adds that both sides barge board (not marking among the figure) forms the plate of a back-off, strengthens the control to wind.Thepull bar 10 of angle in the impeller, the effect of reinforcing fan blade in addition.The anterior control of fanblade wind part 12, can also on turn over 90 °, the hydraulic transmission bar carries out transmission, the barge board of both sides also has this function, is in order to slow down, to brake.The effect at wind-guidingangle 13 is used for blocking following wind, allows wind less enter " family of fan blade ", and it can also be kept watch and be sent on the blade face of the fan blade of working its can regulate.Air blocking cap 14, its effect of front indication " family of fan blade " just is the impeller mouth that is used for sealing wind-tunnel, can also make the fan blade that returns to home reduce resistance, it is installed in the outer surface of wind-tunnel.
Attention: the both sides of fan blade all are equipped with less barge board, and it can be controlled with hydraulic pressure pole in the rotation of upper and lower 90 degree.
Three, the quantity of wind wheel and installation position
But wind-tunnel Anduo County wind wheel, this can and highly come according to the inner diameter of wind-tunnel to decide.
Small-sized wind-tunnel inner diameter 10-20 rice, height 60-80 rice can be pacified 8 typhoons wheel.As Fig. 2
Beginning azel: 17 meters of wind-tunnel diameters, 80 meters of height on the summit of left and right two diameters of circular wind-tunnel, are that first typhoon wheel is installed at 14 meters, the left side of altitude line with the rotor shaft, the right 20 meter amperes are adorned second typhoon wheel, are later on 26 meters, a left side, 38 meters, 50 meters successively.Right 32 meters, 44 meters, 56 meters, each installs typhoon wheel, (what indicate among the figure is 7 to be support posts of outer air blocking cap in first, second and third installation diagram) can be with the phase asynchronous double speed generator of two 650/350kw, 8 typhoons wheel, totally 16 generators (also can install relatively in twos)
Shown in Figure 2
1, wind wheel is installed to stagger and is carried out, because small-sized wind-tunnel diameter is less, the flow of wind is also less, can keep certain wind flow constant like this.
2, the resistance of fan blade is temporary transient, and fan blade is given next fan blade by the turning handle hearsay, and the suction of wind-tunnel also can quicken the wind by fan blade once more.
3, the distance between wind wheel and the wind wheel is big more, and the effect of wind-power electricity generation is good more.
4, the rotation order of control wind wheel allows wind wheel successively up, begins to rotate.
5,7 are support posts of outer air blocking cap among the figure.
Medium-sized wind-tunnel, construction of wind tunnel schematic representation
The bottom of wind-tunnel, available reinforced concrete, on the basis of circle, rise three meters high columns, per two meters one, and then build circular collar tie beam, connect in this circle on three summits of equilateral triangle, draw with the summit is the center, with opposite side is 7.5 meters parallel sinusoidal line, two ends from these 7.5 meters sinusoidal line, rise twice reinforced concrete knee wall, and then on the elongation line at the two ends of these 7.5 meters sinusoidal line, respectively get 3 meters (3 meters distances comprise the thickness of first road and the second road wall) and build twice reinforced concrete knee wall again, be raised to 20 meters at body of wall, respectively build a platform on the reinforced concrete knee wall of both sides, the width of knee wall and platform can exceed wind-tunnel body of wall width, platform is the position that generator and other accessory are installed, with the rotor shaft center, each 9 meters up and down, Jian Erdao is used for connecting two cement beams between the platform.At the remaining part that does not have wind wheel and generator, build for thorough of available light flyash aerating, can select per ten meters to add an arc cement beam, guarantee the whole firm of wind-tunnel, also be the main body of wind-tunnel.
As Fig. 1 cement column 1 (high 3 meters, per 2 meters one);
Circularcollar tie beam 2;
Reinforcedconcrete knee wall 3;
Connect thecement beam 4 between two platforms;
Theplatform 5 of generator and other accessory is installed;
Themain body 9 of wind-tunnel.
3 wind wheels on three summits can be installed in 20 meters, and 3 wind wheels can drive 6 generators, to 55 meters of wind-tunnel, build 3 same wind wheels again, can drive 6 generators again.
To 85 meters, build 3 same wind wheels again, can drive 6 generators.
Also can increase and decrease the height of generator and wind-tunnel from actual demand.
Medium-sized wind-tunnel, wind wheel scheme of installation Fig. 3
Theplatform 5 of generator and other accessory is installed, is had two road reinforced concrete walls to support.
Theblade 8 of wind wheel, it is formed by four, and horizontal two, perpendicular two, and also four weight length all equate.(detailed introduction is arranged later on)
Wind-tunnelmain body 9 is with the thorough fly ash aerated construction of light body.
Thecontrol wind part 12 of fan blade front portion, but upper, middle and lower 90 degree take exercises, regulate and control wind-force size and brake usefulness, come actuating with hydraulic pressure pole.Also there is less barge board the fan blade both sides, but also upper, middle and lower 90 degree are controlled wind.
Air blocking cap 14, semicircle, skeleton add iron sheet weldering system, are contained on the outer wall of wind-tunnel, can take suitable support below.
The wind wheelmain shaft 6 that connects fan blade and generator, square-outside and round-inside, high strength, two connects circular pipe, links to each other with the planet gear speed increaser of generator front.
Because medium-sized wind-tunnel diameter is bigger, can be simultaneously, the isoplanar drives three groups of turbo dynamo groups, generate electricity, medium-sized wind-tunnel height has 100 meters simultaneously, can also (55 meters) and top (85 meters) same two-layer wind wheel be set at the middle part, but will note keeping the flow velocity and the flow of the wind of wind-tunnel, take certain measure in case of necessity.
8.5 meters of 22 meters fan blade length of wind-tunnel inner diameter (fan blade is to the distance in axle center)fan blade width 8 meters (containing the both sides barge board) is narrow when wide 5 meters.
3, large tunnel, inner diameter are more than 30 meters, and height can be pacified 12-16 typhoon wheel, azel more than 100 meters.Example: 40 meters of inner diameters, 120 meters of height, in circular wind-tunnel, connect on foursquare four summits, with the wind wheel is 20 meters of height, onedeck 4 typhoons wheel is installed, thesecond layer 4 typhoons wheel is installed at 45 meters, the 3rd layer of 4 typhoons wheel is installed at 70 meters, the 4th layer of 4 typhoons wheel or 2 typhoons wheel are installed at 95 meters, can select to reduce two typhoons wheel because highly increase, 2 in the phase asynchronous double speed generator of every typhoon wheel band 850/400kw, 14-16 typhoon wheel, 32 generators (length of fan blade should correspondingly increase by 1.5 meters, and width increases by 1 meter)
Because large tunnel is complicated, we therefrom, little wind-tunnel is built and use in obtain experience, and then carry out the construction of large tunnel.
Four, the making of fan blade, wind wheel and installation
The making of fan blade, material are very crucial, adopt the intensity height, light weight, the material that plasticity is good, what selected for use here is aluminum alloy, if processing conditions is good, can adopt the way on block cast leeward blade face, the fan blade face is frivolous as far as possible, and available many little ligaments and four big ligaments are strengthened the inside on leeward blade face, arrived and total shaft connection place, can thicken, widen, and leave plane and screw, can carry out screw with the plane on the axle and be connected.Push rod and frame all will adopt circular hollow.As Fig. 5-3
Main blade is connected with preceding fan blade, the round bar of main blade round bar and preceding fan blade is adjoint, upper lateral part at the main blade round bar, two sections axle sleeves are installed, a steel axle is fixed by the round bar portion of fan blade in the past, extend in the middle of two shaft sleeve part, and be connected with transverse axis in the axle sleeve, the crosswind leaf on both sides also connects in this way, preceding fan blade has tie point everywhere, on one side the crosswind leaf has two, the braking point of brake device or three positions can be installed in the axle sleeve that connects on the main blade round bar, the angle of fan blade and crosswind leaf before adjusting, fixedly the angle of fan blade is constant.Fig. 5-2
Preceding fanblade round bar 15.
Mainblade round bar 16.
Mainblade axle sleeve 17.
The blade face 18 of preceding fan blade, it and preceding fan blade round bar are once cast.
After the brake in whole tie points of fan blade and the axle sleeve uses pipeline and various terminal all fixedly to finish, the back aluminium alloy plate on blade face is built, be fixed on the ligament with aluminum rivet, such air blade has just been carried out.
If the condition of processing aluminum alloy is bad, can not block cast, can also be various piece, each parts such as tough greatly, little ligament, panel are carried out, and assemble again, because tie point is many, the method is not really firm.Ligament cross section: as Fig. 5-1
After fan blade is carried out, can be connected with main shaft, the main shaft of wind wheel outside is foursquare, so that fixing fan blade is inside circular, for alleviating its weight, and main shaft surpasses the two ends of fan blade and arrived the speed increaser place, if the outside is just circular, is convenient to installation.Can directly connect as Fig. 6-1 circular shaft and to connect disc type brake on the high speed shaft in the planet gear speed increaser, meet phase asynchronous biobelt generator rating power (750/400) kw again, the hydraulic press of fan blade and crosswind leaf before the hydraulic operation is installed.Fig. 6
Five, the construction drawing 7 of the arc plate of angle in the impeller
Wind wheel has been carried out, and four interior angles of wind wheel have a small-sized arc aluminium alloy plate in my design, and its making method is: we connect thepull bar 10 of angle in the 145 ° of curved impellers in four both sides made of iron earlier on the ligament between the angle of fan blade.Then curved part of coming is separately fixed on four ligaments, makes the impeller can be firmer, can bear bigger power, cloth one deck aluminium sheet be in the above done camber then, and this has just made thearc plate 11 of angle in the impeller.
Six, the design and the installation of the outer air blocking cap of wind wheel
Air blocking cap adopts light body and solid material as far as possible, and we adopt medium-sized channel-section steel to make frame now, and the stria steel is made the making method of support: take medium-sized channel-section steel to make a rectangular frame earlier.As Fig. 8, the hat brim of two semicircles is erected link to each other then, at last iron sheet is fixed on two semicircles and the attachment portion in the middle of it.Lifting: the cement column around the dress wind wheel is reserved many screw rods, and (screw rod gos deep into the inside of concrete column, the kerve steel is cut the hole, align after slinging, fix with nut, because weight is not light, can draw last two root posts at the bottom of the ground and support, withstand on the outer below of air blocking cap, simultaneously also can make scalariform, electric power supply plant personnel use up and down.
Seven, power generating equipment and other accessory
A wind wheel left side, all there is generator right both sides, many variations are just arranged during setting power, if with medium-sized wind-tunnel is example: the phase asynchronous double speed generator that adopts 750/400kw, regulation and control just can be switched in two ends, when wind speed was big, two ends switched to 750kw entirely, during middle wind speed, one is 750kw, the other end is 400kw, and when hanging down wind speed, two all switches to 400kw, because the minimum wind force value of wind-tunnel, the minimum value that just drives generator is 800kw, so each 400kw of two can advance microcomputer and automatically switch, two connects again then, speedup epicyclic gearbox, speedup should reach or near 1: 50, two ends are a disk type braker that overlaps on high speed shaft respectively, hydraulic pressure is transferred wind system, on fan blade and crosswind leaf are done before turning round, following 90 ° fan blade rotates and the aerodynamic force brake.
A medium-sized wind-tunnel can drive minimum nine typhoons wheel, 18 typhoon power generators, and total installation of generating capacity can reach 13500kw, estimates per hour 9000-11000kw/h of generated energy.
A small-sized wind-tunnel, but the two sides respectively is with four, totally eight typhoons are taken turns, and 16 typhoon power generators can be with the phase asynchronous double speed generator of 650/350kw, total installation of generating capacity 10400kw.Estimate per hour 7000-8000kw/h of generated energy.
Large tunnel can be with 16 typhoons wheel, 32 generators, and total installation of generating capacity can reach 27200kw, estimates per hour 20000kw/h of generated energy.
Eight, wind-tunnel, wind wheel, wind-driven generator combination can be used for the natural wind generating
As long as this invention is changed slightly, just can be used for present natural wind generating, its content is: make wind-tunnel into big flared horn shape, lie against eminence, be used for collecting natural wind, become cylindrical body at the wind-tunnel least significant end, two groups or three group of four fan blade wind wheel, air blocking cap, wind-guiding angle and equipment such as wind wheel two typhoon power generators are set in cylindrical body, just can utilize natural wind to carry out wind-power electricity generation or place one four fan blade wind wheel, air blocking cap, wind-guiding angle separately to place eminence, also can drive wind-driven generator and utilize natural wind to generate electricity.