CN101012736A - Slim-hole hydraulic controlled reducing reaming bit - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

一种小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头。主要解决现有扩孔钻头保径性能差、难于缩回到工具体内的问题。其特征在于：领眼钻头(1)上端连接有主体(2)，领眼钻头(1)内水眼上座有球阀(3)，球阀(3)的阀杆(4)台阶下卡套有径向带过流通道的连接套(5)，连接套(5)上端与主体(2)内空心的活塞(6)相连接，主体(2)壁上3个长条孔内两侧斜滑槽内置有刀体(8)，活塞(6)上与刀体(8)下端对应处有水眼(9)，刀体(8)与活塞(6)相接触。该扩孔钻头具有保径性能好，刀体缩回性能可靠，使用寿命长的特点。

The utility model relates to a hydraulically controllable variable-diameter reaming drill bit for a slim hole. The utility model mainly solves the problems that the existing reaming drill bit has poor diameter keeping performance and is difficult to retract into the tool body. It is characterized in that: a main body (2) is connected to the upper end of the pilot drill bit (1), a ball valve (3) is provided on the upper seat of the inner water eye of the pilot drill bit (1), and the ferrule under the step of the valve stem (4) of the ball valve (3) has a diameter To the connecting sleeve (5) with an overflow channel, the upper end of the connecting sleeve (5) is connected to the hollow piston (6) in the main body (2), and the oblique chute on both sides of the three long holes on the wall of the main body (2) Cutter body (8) is built-in, and water hole (9) is arranged at the position corresponding to the lower end of cutter body (8) on the piston (6), and cutter body (8) contacts with piston (6). The reaming drill bit has the characteristics of good diameter keeping performance, reliable cutter body retraction performance and long service life.

Description

Translated fromChinese

小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头Slim hole hydraulically controllable variable diameter reaming bit

技术领域：Technical field:

本发明涉及油田钻井领域中所用的扩孔钻头，尤其是小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头。The invention relates to a reaming drill bit used in the field of oil field drilling, in particular to a hydraulic controllable slim hole reaming drill bit with variable diameter.

背景技术：Background technique:

在油田钻井领域，老井重钻包括老井侧钻和老井加深，其目的是以较低的生产成本提高老油田的开发效率。在套管内进行老井侧钻和老井加深中，对于套损井大修、深层油气开发具有重要意义。在老井重钻中最突出的问题是生产井寿命短，生产井寿命短的主要原因是固井质量差，而影响固井质量的最主要原因是尾管和井眼之间的环空间隙小。如要增加环空间隙就得扩孔。小井眼扩孔作业中，扩孔钻头是关键设备之一。扩孔钻头主要有水力驱动柱塞式扩孔钻头、水力和铰支悬臂式扩孔钻头及偏心多心扩孔钻头，这些扩孔钻头分别存在着保径性能差、难于缩回到工具体内、使用寿命短的问题。In the field of oil field drilling, re-drilling of old wells includes sidetracking of old wells and deepening of old wells, the purpose of which is to improve the development efficiency of old oil fields at a lower production cost. In sidetracking and deepening of old wells in casing, it is of great significance for overhaul of casing damaged wells and deep oil and gas development. The most prominent problem in the re-drilling of old wells is the short life of the production well. The main reason for the short life of the production well is the poor cementing quality, and the main reason affecting the cementing quality is the annular gap between the liner and the wellbore Small. If you want to increase the annular gap, you have to ream the hole. In slimhole reaming operations, the reaming bit is one of the key equipment. Reaming drills mainly include hydraulically driven plunger reaming drills, hydraulic and hinged cantilever reaming drills, and eccentric multi-center reaming drills. These reaming drills have poor diameter retention performance, difficulty in retracting into the tool body, The problem of short service life.

发明内容：Invention content:

为了克服现有扩孔钻头保径性能差、难于缩回到工具体内的不足，本发明提供一种小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头，该扩孔钻头在作业时不仅保径性能好，刀体缩回性能可靠，使用寿命长，安全可靠，而且具有水力报警功能，便于操作，维修保养方便的特点。In order to overcome the disadvantages of existing reaming drills, such as poor diameter keeping performance and difficult retraction into the tool body, the present invention provides a hydraulic controllable variable diameter reaming drill for slimholes, which not only has good diameter keeping performance during operation , The cutter body retracts reliably, has a long service life, is safe and reliable, and has a hydraulic alarm function, which is easy to operate and easy to maintain.

本发明的技术方案是：该小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头包括领眼钻头，领眼钻头上端连接有主体，领眼钻头内水眼上座有球阀，球阀的阀杆台阶下卡套有径向带过流通道的连接套，连接套上端与主体内空心的活塞相连接，主体壁上3个长条孔内两侧斜滑槽内置有刀体，活塞上与刀体下端对应处有水眼，刀体与活塞相接触。The technical solution of the present invention is: the hydraulically controllable variable-diameter reaming drill bit for the slim hole includes a pilot drill bit, the upper end of the pilot drill bit is connected with a main body, a ball valve is installed on the upper seat of the water hole in the pilot drill bit, and the ferrule under the step of the valve rod of the ball valve There is a connecting sleeve with a radial flow channel, the upper end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the hollow piston in the main body, and the oblique slide grooves on both sides of the three long holes on the main body wall are equipped with a knife body, and the piston is corresponding to the lower end of the knife body There are water eyes, and the cutter body is in contact with the piston.

上述方案中的刀体下端活塞上通过螺钉连接有推块，主体壁上长条孔内上端通过螺钉连接有限位块；主体上有与刀体相连的暂锁剪切销钉；压帽下端活塞台阶上填充有密封件，连接套上端活塞台阶上填充有密封件。In the above scheme, the piston at the lower end of the cutter body is connected with a push block by screws, and the upper end of the elongated hole on the main body wall is connected with a limit block by screws; there is a temporary locking shear pin connected to the cutter body on the main body; The top is filled with seals, and the piston step at the upper end of the connecting sleeve is filled with seals.

本发明具有的有益效果是：该小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头由于采用了上述方案，刀体由于受到限位块严格限位，刀体所在的位置不受扭矩与钻压的影响，所以该扩孔钻头具有良好的保径性能。根据等体积破岩法进行布齿的设计原则，刀体采用沿主体斜滑槽移动而延伸扩孔，刀体长度可适度的增大，切削齿也可增多，使每个切屑齿所承受的切屑力减小，而且每个切屑齿所受力均匀，从而可提高切屑齿的耐用度，也就延长该扩孔钻头的使用寿命。再由于提高了刀体的刚度，在相同切屑力下刀体产生塑性变形小，同时刀体沿主体斜滑槽下滑而回缩到工具体内，不存在钻屑或岩石块卡夹刀体而不能同缩到工具体内的事故隐患。所以刀体可安全可靠回缩到主体内。该扩孔钻头利用泵压的变化可充分确定刀体已经完全打开，实现了水力报警，易于判别。再由于该扩孔钻头结构简单，运动链短，拆装方便，所以维护保养方便。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the slim hole hydraulic controllable variable-diameter reaming drill adopts the above scheme, the position of the cutter body is not affected by the torque and the drilling pressure because the cutter body is strictly limited by the limit block , so the reaming drill bit has good diameter performance. According to the design principle of equal-volume rock-breaking method for distributing teeth, the cutter body moves along the inclined chute of the main body to extend and expand the hole. The length of the cutter body can be increased moderately, and the number of cutting teeth can also be increased, so that each cutting tooth The cutting force is reduced, and the force on each cutting tooth is uniform, so that the durability of the cutting tooth can be improved, and the service life of the reaming drill bit can also be extended. Furthermore, due to the improved rigidity of the cutter body, the plastic deformation of the cutter body is small under the same cutting force, and at the same time, the cutter body slides down the inclined chute of the main body and retracts into the tool body, and there is no drill cuttings or rock blocks clamping the cutter body. Accident hazard that shrinks into the tool body. So the cutter body can be safely and reliably retracted into the main body. The reaming drill bit can fully confirm that the cutter body has been fully opened by using the change of the pump pressure, realizes hydraulic alarm, and is easy to distinguish. Furthermore, because the reaming drill has a simple structure, a short kinematic chain, and convenient assembly and disassembly, it is easy to maintain.

附图说明：Description of drawings:

附图1是本发明结构视图；Accompanyingdrawing 1 is structural view of the present invention;

附图2是本发明刀体打开状态的结构剖视图；Accompanyingdrawing 2 is the structural sectional view of cutter body open state of the present invention;

附图3是本发明刀体关闭状态的结构剖视图。Accompanyingdrawing 3 is the structural sectional view of the closed state of the cutter body of the present invention.

图中1-领眼钻头，2-主体，3-球阀，4-阀杆，5-连接套，6-活塞，7-暂锁剪切销钉，8-刀体，9-水眼，10-限位块，11-密封件，12-推块。In the figure 1-pilot drill bit, 2-main body, 3-ball valve, 4-valve stem, 5-connecting sleeve, 6-piston, 7-temporary lock shear pin, 8-knife body, 9-water eye, 10- Limiting block, 11-seal, 12-push block.

具体实施方式：Detailed ways:

下面结合附图将对本发明作进一步说明：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

由图1结合图2、图3所示，该小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头包括领眼钻头1，领眼钻头1上端连接有主体2，通过领眼钻头1定心扶正；领眼钻头1内水孔上座有球阀3，通过增减泵压可控制球阀3的开关，也就实现了刀体8打开、收回和水力报警的目的；球阀3的阀杆4台阶下卡套有径向带过流通道的连接套5，连接套5上端与主体2内空心的活塞6相连接，通过阀杆4及连接套5将球阀3与活塞6连接起来，当钻井液从活塞6的空心通道进入连接套5内后，再由连接套5的过流通道进入领眼钻头1内，推动活塞6上移，打开刀体8，钻井液分别从领眼钻头1水眼及水眼9喷出；主体2壁上3个长条孔内两侧斜滑槽内置有刀体8，通过长条孔内两侧斜滑槽使刀体8与主体2连接在一起，同时因斜滑槽上端向外，下端向内，在活塞6下推块1 2的推动刀体8在斜滑槽内移动，活塞6向上移动时刀体8打开，通过上提钻具依靠井壁压力或投球憋压回缩刀体8，从而实现了刀体8打开和收回的目的；主体2上有与刀体8相连的暂锁剪切销钉7，为防止刀体8在下放时损坏套管，该扩孔钻头在下井前通过暂锁剪切销钉7将刀体8暂时锁定在主体2上，当下放到预定井段时通过泵循环到一定排量剪断暂锁剪切销钉7，使刀体8打开；活塞6上与刀体8下端对应处有水眼9，通过水眼9增强刀体8排屑和冷却效果；刀体8与活塞6上连接的推块12相接触，通过活塞6连接的下的推块12即推动刀体8向上移动，又通过长条孔内上端的限位块10限止刀体8超范围的移动，使刀体8在长条孔内两侧斜滑槽内设计的范围内移动，这样就提高了保径性能；压帽下端活塞6台阶上填充有密封件11，连接套5上端活塞6台阶上填充有密封件11，通过密封件11加强密封效果，保证泵压的正常循环。As shown in Fig. 1 in combination with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the slimhole hydraulic controllable variable diameter reaming bit includes apilot bit 1, and the upper end of thepilot bit 1 is connected with amain body 2, which is centered and straightened by thepilot bit 1; There is aball valve 3 on the upper seat of the inner water hole of theeye drill bit 1, and the switch of theball valve 3 can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the pump pressure, so that the purpose of opening, retracting and hydraulic alarm of thecutter body 8 is realized; The connectingsleeve 5 with a radial flow passage, the upper end of the connectingsleeve 5 is connected with thehollow piston 6 in themain body 2, and theball valve 3 is connected with thepiston 6 through thevalve stem 4 and the connectingsleeve 5. When the drilling fluid flows from thepiston 6 After the hollow channel enters the connectingsleeve 5, it enters thepilot drill bit 1 through the overflow channel of the connectingsleeve 5, pushes thepiston 6 to move upward, opens thecutter body 8, and the drilling fluid flows from the water hole of thepilot bit 1 and thewater hole 9 respectively. Ejection; thecutter body 8 is built in the oblique chute on both sides of the three long holes on the wall of themain body 2, and thecutter body 8 is connected with themain body 2 through the oblique chute on both sides of the elongated hole. The upper end is outward, and the lower end is inward. When thepiston 6 pushes down theblock 12 to push thecutter body 8 to move in the inclined chute, thecutter body 8 is opened when thepiston 6 moves upward. Press and retract thecutter body 8, thereby realizing the purpose of opening and retracting thecutter body 8; there is a temporarylocking shear pin 7 connected to thecutter body 8 on themain body 2, in order to prevent thecutter body 8 from damaging the casing when it is lowered, the expanding The drill bit temporarily locks thecutter body 8 on themain body 2 through the temporarylock shear pin 7 before going into the well, and when it is lowered into the predetermined well section, the temporarylock shear pin 7 is cut off by the pump circulation to a certain displacement, so that thecutter body 8 is opened On thepiston 6, there is awater hole 9 corresponding to the lower end of thecutter body 8, through which the chip removal and cooling effects of thecutter body 8 are enhanced; thecutter body 8 is in contact with thepush block 12 connected to thepiston 6, and the Thelower push block 12 promptly pushes thecutter body 8 to move upwards, and restricts the movement of thecutter body 8 beyond the range through thelimit block 10 at the upper end of the elongated hole, so that thecutter body 8 is designed in the oblique chute on both sides of the elongated hole. Move within a certain range, which improves the performance of the gauge; the steps of thepiston 6 at the lower end of the pressure cap are filled withseals 11, and the steps of thepiston 6 at the upper end of the connectingsleeve 5 are filled withseals 11, and the sealing effect is strengthened by theseals 11 to ensure that the pump Normal cycle of pressure.

实际使用时，首先将3个刀体8回缩至主体2的长条孔内，用暂锁剪切销钉7将刀体8锁定，再将该小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头连接在钻铤下端，再将该扩孔钻头下到预定扩孔井段处，开泵循环到一定排量将暂锁剪切销钉7剪断，钻井液通过钻杆、钻铤、活塞6进入领眼钻头1内，因领眼钻头1的水眼由球阀3关闭，水眼9打开，利用钻头压降推动活塞6向上移动，刀体8在活塞6的作用下沿主体2壁上长条孔内两侧斜滑槽向上移动，活塞6到达预定行程，刀体8完全外伸实现扩孔工作。当刀体8活塞6到达预定行程时由连接套5及阀杆4上提球阀3，使领眼钻头1的3个水眼打开，领眼钻头1的3个水眼开始工作，泵压会瞬时突降，报告刀体8已经完全打开。此时水眼9及领眼钻头1下的水眼共6个水眼同时工作，即由打开前的3×φ8水眼状态过渡到打开后的预调控好的水眼状态。扩孔工作完成后，停泵、倒划眼，靠刀体8与井壁之间的压力将刀体8沿斜面滑下移，刀体8回缩到主体2内，也可投球后利用水力作用使活塞下行后令刀体回缩。该小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头结构简单巧妙，与其它同类钻头比较具有保径效果好、刀体回缩性能可靠、完全扩径后水力报警的特点，可依据不同地层更换刀块，领眼钻头的水嘴也可依据不同的工艺要求调换。该钻头可在老井重钻和老井加深中应用，可使停产老井重新恢复生产、焕发活力，具有明显的经济和社会效益，具有良好的推广前景。In actual use, first retract the threecutter bodies 8 into the elongated holes of themain body 2, lock thecutter bodies 8 with the temporarylocking shear pin 7, and then connect the slimhole hydraulically controllable variable-diameter reaming bit At the lower end of the drill collar, lower the reaming bit to the predetermined reaming well section, turn on the pump and circulate to a certain displacement to cut off the temporarylocking shear pin 7, and the drilling fluid enters the pilot hole through the drill pipe, drill collar andpiston 6 In thedrill bit 1, because the water hole of thepilot drill bit 1 is closed by theball valve 3, thewater hole 9 is opened, and the pressure drop of the drill bit is used to push thepiston 6 to move upward, and thecutter body 8 moves along the long strip hole on the wall of themain body 2 under the action of thepiston 6 The inclined chute on both sides moves upward, thepiston 6 reaches the predetermined stroke, and thecutter body 8 is fully extended to realize the hole reaming work. When thecutter body 8piston 6 reaches the predetermined stroke, theball valve 3 is lifted by the connectingsleeve 5 and thevalve rod 4, so that the 3 water holes of thepilot drill bit 1 are opened, and the 3 water holes of thepilot drill bit 1 start to work, and the pump pressure will increase. Instantaneous sudden drop, thereport cutter body 8 has been fully opened. At this time, a total of 6 water holes under thewater hole 9 and thepilot drill bit 1 work at the same time, that is, the state of the 3 × φ8 water hole before opening transitions to the pre-regulated water hole state after opening. After the reaming work is completed, stop the pump, back-cut the hole, rely on the pressure between thecutter body 8 and the well wall to slide thecutter body 8 down the slope, and thecutter body 8 will retract into themain body 2, or use hydraulic power after throwing the ball. The action makes the cutter body retract after the piston descends. The slimhole hydraulically controllable variable diameter reaming bit has a simple and ingenious structure. Compared with other similar bits, it has the characteristics of good diameter protection effect, reliable cutter body retraction performance, and hydraulic alarm after complete diameter expansion. The cutter block can be replaced according to different formations. , The faucet of the pilot drill bit can also be replaced according to different process requirements. The drill bit can be used in re-drilling and deepening of old wells, and can restore production and rejuvenate old wells that have been shut down. It has obvious economic and social benefits and has a good promotion prospect.

综上所述，该小井眼液压可控式变径扩孔钻头不仅具有良好的保径效果，较长的工作寿命，可靠的回缩性能，水力报警，易于判别，便于操作，维护保养方便等特点。而且破岩能力较强，切屑齿的清洗和冷却效果良好。In summary, the slimhole hydraulically controllable variable diameter reaming bit not only has good diameter protection effect, long working life, reliable retraction performance, hydraulic alarm, easy identification, easy operation, convenient maintenance, etc. features. Moreover, the rock-breaking ability is strong, and the cleaning and cooling effects of the cutting teeth are good.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of slim-hole hydraulic controlled reducing reaming bit, comprise pilot bit (1), it is characterized in that: pilot bit (1) upper end is connected with main body (2), there is ball valve (3) at the interior hydrophthalmia of pilot bit (1) seat of honour, be covered with radially adapter sleeve (5) under valve rod (4) step of ball valve (3) with flow channels, adapter sleeve (5) upper end is connected with the interior hollow piston (6) of main body (2), 3 interior two skew back chutes of strip hole are built-in with cutter hub (8) on main body (2) wall, piston (6) is gone up and there is hydrophthalmia (9) cutter hub (8) corresponding position, lower end, and cutter hub (8) contacts with piston (6).

2, slim-hole hydraulic controlled reducing reaming bit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cutter hub (8) lower end piston (6) is gone up and is connected with pushing block (12) by screw, and the interior upper end of strip hole is connected with limited block (10) by screw on main body (2) wall.

3, slim-hole hydraulic controlled reducing reaming bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the temporary lock shear pin (7) that links to each other with cutter hub (8) is arranged on the main body (2).

4, slim-hole hydraulic controlled reducing reaming bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be filled with seal (11) on pressure cap lower end piston (6) step, be filled with seal (11) on piston (6) step of adapter sleeve (5) upper end.

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