CN101001522A - A system for trapping flying insects using attractants - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for trapping flying insects is disclosed, a first chemical attractant, such as, for example, lactic acid, lactate, or a combination thereof, and a second chemical attractant comprising a source of ammonia gas. The chemoattractant may be used in a specific geometry and contained within a specially designed housing (50) to ensure an effective release rate over a prolonged period of time. The present application also relates to an attractant system (12) for mounting to an insect trapping apparatus.

Description

Translated fromChinese

利用引诱物诱捕飞虫的系统A system for trapping flying insects using attractants

优先权的要求priority claim

本申请享有申请日为2004年6月8日的美国专利申请序列号10/864,284，和申请日为2004年6月8日美国专利申请序列号10/862,898的优选权，各申请的整个内容引入本文以供参考。This application benefits from U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 10/864,284, filed June 8, 2004, and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 10/862,898, filed June 8, 2004, each of which is incorporated in its entirety This article is for reference only.

发明概述Summary of the invention

[0001]本发明涉及用于诱捕诸如蚊子，蠓(no-see-ums)，和其他被哺乳动物所发出的汗液和呼吸成分所吸引的昆虫的飞虫的引诱物，和与其相关的系统。[0001] The present invention relates to attractants, and systems related thereto, for use in trapping flying insects such as mosquitoes, midges (no-see-ums), and other insects attracted to the sweat and respiratory components emitted by mammals.

[0002]根据本发明的一个实施方案，用于吸引飞虫的引诱物包括氨气源和乳酸源，其中氨气和乳酸源在使用前彼此物理分离地封装。[0002] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the attractant for attracting flying insects includes a source of ammonia and a source of lactic acid, wherein the source of ammonia and lactic acid are packaged physically separate from each other before use.

[0003]本发明的另一个实施方案是用于吸引飞虫的引诱物，其包括第一化学引诱剂和第二化学引诱剂，其中第一化学引诱剂包含在载体中的乳酸溶液，其中所述载体是聚合凝胶，塑料，聚合体，或多孔材料诸如多孔陶瓷棒或熔块(frit)，第二化学引诱剂包含氨气源；第一和第二引诱剂在使用引诱剂前是彼此物理分离的。[0003] Another embodiment of the present invention is an attractant for attracting flying insects, comprising a first chemoattractant and a second chemoattractant, wherein the first chemoattractant comprises a lactic acid solution in a carrier, wherein the The carrier is a polymeric gel, plastic, polymer, or porous material such as a porous ceramic rod or frit, and the second chemoattractant contains a source of ammonia gas; the first and second attractants are each other before using the attractant physically separated.

[0004]本发明的另一个实施方案是用于吸引飞虫的引诱物，其包括第一化学引诱剂和第二化学引诱剂，其中第一引诱剂包含乳酸溶液，第二化学引诱剂包含氨气源；第一和第二引诱剂在使用引诱剂前是彼此物理分离的，且该引诱剂能在至少长使用期间内连续或间歇地提供有效量的第一和第二化学引诱剂，其中该长期是至少一周，两周，三周，四周，六周，八周，十周，或十二周。[0004] Another embodiment of the present invention is an attractant for attracting flying insects, comprising a first chemoattractant and a second chemoattractant, wherein the first chemoattractant comprises a lactic acid solution, and the second chemoattractant comprises ammonia a gas source; the first and second attractants are physically separated from each other prior to use of the attractant, and the attractant is capable of continuously or intermittently providing effective amounts of the first and second chemical attractants for at least a long period of use, wherein The long term is at least one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, six weeks, eight weeks, ten weeks, or twelve weeks.

[0005]本发明的另一个实施方案是用于吸引飞虫的引诱物，其包括第一化学引诱剂和第二化学引诱剂，其中第一化学引诱剂包含乳酸溶液，第二化学引诱剂包含氨气源；第一和第二引诱剂在使用引诱剂前是彼此物理分离的，其中该引诱剂比对比引诱剂的吸引昆虫有效性至少高出50％，该对比引诱剂可包含第一和第二化学引诱剂，辛烯醇，二氧化碳或其它引诱剂中的一种但不包含两种。Another embodiment of the present invention is an attractant for attracting flying insects, comprising a first chemical attractant and a second chemical attractant, wherein the first chemical attractant comprises a lactic acid solution, and the second chemical attractant comprises A source of ammonia; the first and second attractants are physically separated from each other prior to application of the attractant, wherein the attractant is at least 50% more effective at attracting insects than a control attractant which may comprise the first and A second chemoattractant, one but not both of octenol, carbon dioxide or other attractants.

[0006]本发明的另一个实施方案是分别在现场产生氨，乳酸和CO₂，并将这些气体应用于吸引飞虫的装置的系统。[0006] Another embodiment of the present invention is a system for separately generating ammonia, lactic acid and_CO2 on site and applying these gases to a device for attracting flying insects.

[0007]本发明的另一个实施方案是含乳酸的第一引诱物、含碳酸氢铵的第二引诱物用于吸引飞虫的用途，第一和第二引诱物都是液体、半-固体或固体形式的，其中第一和第二引诱物彼此物理分离地保存直到使用前，在第一和第二引诱物与周围温度或热气流接触时，会产生氨气并使氨气从第二引诱物的碳酸氢铵中释放出来，同时产生乳酸并使乳酸从第一引诱物中释放出来，这样就形成了用于引诱飞虫的引诱剂混合物。Another embodiment of the present invention is the first attractant that contains lactic acid, the second attractant that contains ammonium bicarbonate is used to attract flying insects, and the first and the second attractant are all liquid, semi-solid or in solid form, wherein the first and second attractants are kept physically separate from each other until prior to use, when the first and second attractants come into contact with ambient temperature or hot air flow, ammonia gas is generated and released from the second The ammonium bicarbonate of the attractant is released, and lactic acid is produced and released from the first attractant at the same time, thus forming the attractant mixture for attracting flying insects.

[0008]根据本发明的另一个实施方案，用于吸引飞虫的装置包括用于在现场产生气态CO₂的装置，用于释放气态CO₂的排气口，用于导入飞虫的入口，与所述入口连通并且可以由所述入口进入的用于捕捉昆虫的室，以及至少两种化学引诱物，其中第一引诱物包含乳酸溶液和UV-反应性化合物，第二引诱物包含氨气源，第一和第二引诱物防止相互接触地存放直到使用前。[0008] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the device for attracting flying insects includes a device for generating gaseous_CO on site, an exhaust port for releasing gaseous_CO , an inlet for introducing flying insects, a chamber for trapping insects in communication with and accessible from said inlet, and at least two chemical attractants, wherein a first attractant comprises a lactic acid solution and a UV-reactive compound and a second attractant comprises ammonia gas The source, first and second attractants are stored out of contact with each other until just before use.

[0009]本发明的另一个实施方案是用于装配到下述昆虫捕捉装置上的引诱剂系统。该昆虫捕捉装置可以是适合捕捉飞虫的任何类型的装置。例如，该装置可以利用燃烧产生用于吸引昆虫的富含CO₂的排出气，如本文提及的MOSQUITO MAGNET装置，或者是不依靠燃烧的装置，如CDC光诱捕装置。[0009] Another embodiment of the present invention is an attractant system for fitting to an insect capture device as described below. The insect capture device may be any type of device suitable for capturing flying insects. For example, the device may utilize combustion to generate a CO2_- enriched exhaust for attracting insects, as in the MOSQUITO MAGNET device mentioned herein, or a device that does not rely on combustion, such as the CDC light trap.

[0010]引诱剂系统包括至少限定第一室和第二室的壳体(壳体)。该壳体可以具有任何形状，还可以提供其它室。该壳体被构造成以任何适合的方式装配到所述装置上。例如，在MOSQUITO MAGNET装置中，应该将壳体装配在排气管内，这样就可以使壳体室内携带的引诱剂释放出去，从而提高排气的引诱效力。可选地，可以以任何合适的方式和昆虫诱捕装置的任何合适位置上装配壳体。在某些装置中，可以将引诱壳体置于排气之外的其它位置，或者装置甚至可以没有排气。[0010] The attractant system includes a housing (housing) defining at least a first chamber and a second chamber. The housing may have any shape and other chambers may also be provided. The housing is configured to fit to the device in any suitable manner. For example, in the MOSQUITO MAGNET device, the shell should be assembled in the exhaust pipe, so that the attractant carried in the shell chamber can be released, thereby increasing the attracting effect of the exhaust. Alternatively, the housing may be assembled in any suitable manner and in any suitable position on the insect trapping device. In some installations, the inducer housing may be placed in a location other than the exhaust, or the installation may not even have an exhaust.

[0011]第一释放的昆虫引诱剂由第一室携带，第二释放的昆虫引诱剂由第二室携带。第一和第二引诱剂是可以相互进行化学反应的引诱剂。例如，一种是酸，另一种是碱，如果它们相互混合，这些引诱剂就会相互反应。第一和第二室分别至少有一个开口，该开口能使昆虫引诱剂从该开口释放出去。第一和第二引诱剂基本被一个或多个可移除的密封部件相互隔离开，该密封部件封闭室的开口以基本上避免昆虫引诱剂相互混合。移去这些密封部件，打开室开口就可以使昆虫引诱剂从中释放出去，这样当壳体置于诱捕装置上时就可以将昆虫吸引到该诱捕装置内。[0011] The first released insect attractant is carried by the first chamber and the second released insect attractant is carried by the second chamber. The first and second attractants are attractants that can chemically react with each other. For example, one is an acid and the other is a base, and if they mix with each other, these attractants will react with each other. The first and second chambers each have at least one opening which enables release of the insect attractant therethrough. The first and second attractants are substantially separated from each other by one or more removable sealing members that close the opening of the chamber to substantially prevent the insect attractants from mixing with each other. Removal of these seals and opening of the chamber opening allows release of the insect attractant therethrough, thus attracting insects into the trap when the housing is placed over the trap.

[0012]通过将室如此分隔，就可以使引诱剂直到移去室开口处的一个或多个密封部件时相互混合。这对于消费者市场来说是有利的，因为从生产该引诱系统到终端用户购买该系统，并且在他/她的诱捕装置上使用该系统是一段很长的时间周期。如果引诱剂在该段时间内相互接触，那么它们就可能会扩散，混合并相互反应，从而将引诱剂的量耗尽，并很可能产生不具备引诱有效活性的副产物。[0012] By so partitioning the chambers, the attractants are allowed to mix with each other until the one or more sealing members at the chamber opening are removed. This is advantageous for the consumer market because there is a long period of time from the time the decoy system is produced until the end user purchases the system and uses it on his/her decoys. If the attractants come into contact with each other during this time, they may diffuse, mix and react with each other, depleting the amount of the attractant and possibly producing by-products that are not attractably active.

[0013]本发明的另一个实施方案是插入装配到容器内的诱捕系统。具体地说，本发明此方面的诱捕系统适合装配到昆虫诱捕装置上的容器内，其中所述容器具有内部空间和开口端。该系统包括至少限定第一室的壳体和第一室内携带的第一扩散昆虫诱导剂。第一室至少具有一个能使第一扩散昆虫诱导剂从该开口释放出去的开口。该壳体被构造成能通过该壳体和该容器之间的啮合将壳体穿过带有啮合的开口端插入到容器的内部空间内，而使诱捕系统装配到昆虫诱捕装置上，可释放地将容器保持壳体内。所述啮合可以是诸如插片和开口的结构，或者可以是摩擦形式的。[0013] Another embodiment of the present invention is a trap system that is insert fitted into a container. In particular, the trapping system of this aspect of the invention is adapted to fit into a container on an insect trapping device, wherein the container has an interior space and an open end. The system includes a housing defining at least a first chamber and a first diffuse insect inducer carried within the first chamber. The first chamber has at least one opening through which the first diffuse insect inducer is released. The housing is configured such that the housing is inserted into the interior space of the container through the engagement between the housing and the container through the open end with the engagement, so that the trapping system fits onto the insect trapping device, releasably keep the container inside the housing. The engagement may be a structure such as a tab and opening, or it may be frictional.

[0014]在结合附图进行下述详细说明之后，可以理解本发明的其它实施方案，特征和优点，所述附图是本发明的一部分，并且它通过举例形式说明了本发明的原理。[0014] Other embodiments, features, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof and serve by way of example to illustrate the principles of the invention.

附图的简要说明Brief description of the drawings

[0015]图1是示例性昆虫诱捕装置的前方正视图，所述昆虫诱捕装置带有安装到其上的根据本发明一个实施方案构造的引诱剂系统；[0015] FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of an exemplary insect trapping device with an attractant system constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention mounted thereto;

[0016]图2是图1所述装置的入口和出口管局部截面图，该截面显示了容器和引诱剂系统；[0016] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the inlet and outlet pipes of the apparatus of FIG. 1 showing the container and attractant system;

[0017]图3是容器和引诱剂系统的透视图，其中引诱剂系统纵向插入到容器内；[0017] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the container and attractant system, wherein the attractant system is inserted longitudinally into the container;

[0018]图4是容器和引诱剂系统的透视图，其中引诱剂系统从容器中拔出；[0018] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the container and attractant system, with the attractant system pulled out of the container;

[0019]图5纵向插入到容器内的引诱剂系统的底部端视图；[0019] FIG. 5 is a bottom end view of the attractant system inserted longitudinally into the container;

[0020]图6沿着图3的6-6线得到的截面图；Fig. 6 is obtained along the 6-6 line of Fig. 3;

[0021]图7沿着图5的7-7线得到的截面图；The sectional view that Fig. 7 obtains along the 7-7 line of Fig. 5;

[0022]图8是引诱剂系统底部端视图；Fig. 8 is the bottom end view of attractant system;

[0023]图9是沿着图8的9-9线得到的截面图；Fig. 9 is a sectional view obtained along line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

[0024]图10是沿着图9的10-10线得到的截面图；和[0024] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 9; and

[0025]图11是引诱剂系统的透视图，所述引诱剂系统上面用塑料膜热收缩将其开口密封。[0025] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the attractant system with its opening sealed with a plastic film heat shrink thereon.

发明实施方案的详细描述Detailed Description of Embodiments of the Invention

[0026]在本文中，术语“化学引诱物”用于表示能以有效引诱所需的昆虫例如诸如蚊子的飞虫的方式发出引诱化合物的液体，半液体(如凝胶、聚合胶、水凝胶或其它胶体)，或固体化学制剂，所述引诱化合物能模拟诸如汗液或伤口流出液体的人类或其它哺乳动物的至少一种分泌物的引诱特征。所述化学引诱物可以是分离的天然化合物，如乳酸的异构型，或者可以是通过工程方法合成的化合物，以便表现出人类分泌物成分的引诱特征。其它引诱剂包括，例如蛋白类化合物和有机酸。在本发明的示例性实施方案中，CO₂、乳酸和氨都用在混合物中，作为引诱宽范围飞虫的化学引诱剂。[0026] As used herein, the term "chemoattractant" is used to denote a liquid, semi-liquid (e.g. gel, polymer gel, hydrogel, etc.) capable of emitting an attractant compound in a manner effective to attract desired insects, for example flying insects such as mosquitoes. glue or other colloid), or a solid chemical formulation, said attractant compound mimics the attractant characteristics of at least one human or other mammalian exudate, such as sweat or wound exudates. The chemoattractant may be an isolated natural compound, such as an isomeric form of lactic acid, or it may be a synthetic compound engineered to exhibit the attractant characteristics of a component of human secretions. Other attractants include, for example, proteinaceous compounds and organic acids. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention,_CO2 , lactic acid and ammonia are all used in a mixture as chemoattractants to attract a wide range of flying insects.

[0027]在本发明的示例性实施方案中，在设计成吸引蚊子和其它飞虫的系统中使用含CO₂、乳酸和氨的化学引诱剂，其中CO₂气体是在现场以流动气体烟羽形式产生，乳酸和氨从其各自源头释放到该烟羽内，所述其它飞虫包括但不限于，埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)，白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus)，刺扰伊蚊(Aedes vexans)，Anophelesatropos，Anopheles crucians，Anopheles punctipennis，Anopheleswalkeri，Culex erraticus，Culex nigripalpus，尖音库蚊(Culexpipiens)，热带家蚊(Culex quinquefasciatus)，Culex salinarius，黑尾赛蚊(Culiseta melanura)，Ochlerotatus canadensis，Och1erotatus fulvus-pallens，Ochlerotatus infirmatus，Ochlerotatus intrudens，Ochlerotatus triseriatus和Psorophoraferox。[0027] In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a chemoattractant comprising_CO2 , lactic acid, and ammonia is used in a system designed to attract mosquitoes and other flying insects, wherein the_CO2 gas is present in a flowing gas plume lactic acid and ammonia are released into the plume from their respective sources, other flying insects include, but are not limited to, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes stinging mosquitoes vexans), Anophelesatropos, Anopheles crucians, Anopheles punctipennis, Anopheleswalkeri, Culex erraticus, Culex nigripalpus, Culexpiens, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex salinarius, Culex erraticus, Ochlerotatus canad Ochlerotatus fulvus-pallens, Ochlerotatus infirmatus, Ochlerotatus intrudens, Ochlerotatus triseriatus and Psorophoraferox.

[0028]在本发明的另一个示例性实施方案中，提供了包括乳酸源和氨气源的引诱物，使得可以通过引诱剂将昆虫引诱量的乳酸和氨供给到气体载体。将该引诱物设计成提供适于室内使用或室外使用的乳酸和氨的释放速度。[0028] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an attractant comprising a source of lactic acid and a source of ammonia gas is provided such that an insect-attracting amount of lactic acid and ammonia can be supplied to the gas carrier by the attractant. The attractant is designed to provide a release rate of lactic acid and ammonia suitable for indoor or outdoor use.

[0029]本发明的引诱物可以在使用前乳酸源和氨气源彼此物理分离地封装以减少贮存过程中引诱剂的降解。优选地，在引诱物中使用可移除的密封部件，使得移去密封部件可以将乳酸和氨释放到气体载体中。[0029] The attractant of the present invention may be packaged physically separate from the source of lactic acid and the source of ammonia gas prior to use to reduce degradation of the attractant during storage. Preferably, a removable seal is used in the attractant such that removal of the seal releases the lactic acid and ammonia into the gas carrier.

[0030]由本发明的引诱物将乳酸和氨提供到其的气体载体可以是环境空气，温暖和/或潮湿空气，二氧化碳含量高的气流，燃料如羟基燃料燃烧产生的废气烟羽或其它气体。不同实施方案中的载体气体可以是流动的，或者采用如扩散或对流方式被动地运动。流动气流可以任选地由燃烧源、电扇、或产生气压差的其它方法来提供。可用分别的气体载体接收乳酸和氨，或用相同的气体载体接收这两种化学引诱剂。在本发明的某些实施方案中，可将引诱剂设计成向二氧化碳气体含量高的气体载体提供乳酸和氨，而在其它实施方案中将引诱剂与二氧化碳气体源混合，但是分别释放二氧化碳气体和乳酸和/或氨。[0030] The gaseous carrier to which the lactic acid and ammonia are provided by the attractant of the present invention may be ambient air, warm and/or humid air, a gas stream high in carbon dioxide content, exhaust plumes from the combustion of fuels such as hydroxy fuels, or other gases. The carrier gas in various embodiments may be flowing, or moved passively by means such as diffusion or convection. Flowing airflow may optionally be provided by combustion sources, electric fans, or other means of creating air pressure differentials. Lactic acid and ammonia may be received on separate gas carriers, or both chemoattractants may be received on the same gas carrier. In certain embodiments of the invention, the attractant can be designed to provide lactic acid and ammonia to a gaseous carrier high in carbon dioxide gas, while in other embodiments the attractant is mixed with a source of carbon dioxide gas, but releases carbon dioxide gas and ammonia separately. Lactic acid and/or ammonia.

[0031]本发明的引诱物能够有效吸引飞虫。在发明的某些实施方案中，有效性可以通过利用本发明的引诱物引诱一种或多种种类的飞虫来阐明。在本发明的某些实施方案中，与缺少本发明引诱剂中的一种化学引诱剂的其它引诱物相比，或者与已知引诱物如辛烯醇或二氧化碳相比，本发明的引诱物显示了更强的吸引飞虫或特定种类飞虫的有效性。与所述其它引诱物相比，本发明的某些实施方案显示有效性提高，因此本发明的引诱物在对比试验中，可以吸引多出50％，多出100％，多出200％，多出300％，多出400％，或多出500％的飞虫或者某些选定飞虫种类的飞虫。有效性改善试验可以通过笼罩试验或优选在室外实施来完成，其中对进行比较的引诱物位置进行交换，从而减少在进行比较时环境作用的影响。例如，可采用拉丁方取样方案，或使用其它合适的取样技术。优选地，长时间一天，两天或多天进行所述室外试验，对此试验期间内捕获的所有昆虫进行比较。在本发明的某些优选实施方案中，本发明的引诱物显示了一周，两周，三周，四周，六周，八周，十周，十二周或类似时间周期的长期有效性。当对本发明引诱物和设备的有效性进行长时间比较时，可以在该整个长时间内检测本发明的引诱物和对比引诱物，或者通过在该长期过程中的较短周期如一天，两天或三天内取样一次或者多次来进行检测。[0031] The attractant of the present invention can effectively attract flying insects. In certain embodiments of the invention, effectiveness can be demonstrated by using the attractants of the invention to attract one or more species of flying insects. In certain embodiments of the invention, the attractant of the invention is compared to other attractants lacking one of the chemoattractants of the invention, or compared to known attractants such as octenol or carbon dioxide. Shows greater effectiveness in attracting flying insects or specific species of flying insects. Compared with said other attractants, certain embodiments of the present invention show increased effectiveness, so that the attractants of the present invention can attract 50% more, 100% more, 200% more, more 300%, 400% more, or 500% more flying insects or certain selected flying insect species. Effectiveness improvement testing can be done by cage testing or, preferably, outdoors, where the positions of the attractants being compared are swapped, thereby reducing the influence of environmental effects when making the comparisons. For example, a Latin square sampling scheme may be used, or other suitable sampling techniques may be used. Preferably, the outdoor test is carried out over an extended period of one day, two days or more, and all insects caught during the test period are compared. In certain preferred embodiments of the invention, the attractants of the invention exhibit long-term effectiveness for one, two, three, four, six, eight, ten, twelve or similar time periods. When comparing the effectiveness of the attractant of the present invention and the device over a long period of time, the attractant of the present invention and the comparative attractant can be tested over the entire long period of time, or by shorter periods such as one day, two days in the long-term process Or take one or more samples within three days for testing.

[0032]本发明的某些实施方案能有效吸引下述种类的飞虫：埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)，白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus)，刺扰伊蚊(Aedes vexans)，Anopheles atropos，Anopheles crucians，Anopheles punctipennis，Anopheles walkeri，Culex erraticus，Culex nigripalpus，尖音库蚊(Culex pipiens)，热带家蚊(Culexquinquefasciatus)，Culex salinarius，黑尾赛蚊(Culisetamelanura)，Ochlerotatus canadensis，Ochlerotatusfulvus-pallens，Ochlerotatus infirmatus，Ochlerotatusintrudens，Ochlerotatus triseriatus和Psorophora ferox。优选地，某些实施方案与对比引诱剂：单独的乳酸，单独的氨，单独的二氧化碳，乳酸加二氧化碳，氨加二氧化碳，辛烯醇，或辛烯醇加二氧化碳相比，能更有效地吸引一种或多种所述种类的飞虫。优选地，所述实施方案的可测定吸引效力比所述对比引诱剂高出50％。更优选地，其比所述对比引诱剂的吸引效力高出100％，200％，300％，400％，500％或更多。Certain embodiments of the present invention are effective in attracting flying insects of the following species: Aedes aegypti (Aedes aegypti), Aedes albopictus (Aedes albopictus), Aedes vexans, Anopheles atropos, Anopheles crucians, Anopheles punctipennis, Anopheles walkeri, Culex erraticus, Culex nigripalpus, Culex pipiens, Culexquinquefasciatus, Culex salinarius, Culisetamelanura, Ochlerotatus canadensis, Ochlerotatusfulvus-irrotatus, , Ochlerotatus intrudens, Ochlerotatus triseriatus and Psorophora ferox. Preferably, certain embodiments attract more effectively than the comparative attractants: lactic acid alone, ammonia alone, carbon dioxide alone, lactic acid plus carbon dioxide, ammonia plus carbon dioxide, octenol, or octenol plus carbon dioxide One or more flying insects of said species. Preferably, said embodiment has a measurable attractant potency that is 50% greater than said comparative attractant. More preferably, it is 100%, 200%, 300%, 400%, 500% or more more potent than said comparative attractant.

[0033]在本文中，术语“视觉引诱物”用于表示被安排和设计成能通过视觉引诱飞虫，通过CO₂烟羽将飞虫引诱到装置附近，飞到靠近昆虫入口的地方的装置。视觉引诱物与设计的颜色和几何特征组合，以便模拟用于靶定宿主哺乳动物的视觉线索飞虫。[0033] As used herein, the term "visual attractor" is used to indicate a device that is arranged and designed to attract flying insects visually, to attract flying insects to the vicinity of the device through the_CO2 plume, and to fly to a place close to the insect entrance . The visual attractants are combined with color and geometric features designed to mimic the visual cues flies used to target host mammals.

[0034]可将化学引诱物设计和构成为能控制化合物随时间的释放量，以便确保分散引诱剂用于实施有效昆虫诱捕的水平。通常将引诱剂设计成能提供受控制地释放到大气中的高效化学引诱剂，其释放速度可能受环境温度、湿度、主要气流、其它局部微观气候参数、排气/CO₂速度，和所述引诱化合物的挥发性间的关系影响。另外，当用于室内时，内部空间体积和与室外空气的换气速率也影响化学引诱剂的期望释放速率。[0034] Chemoattractants can be designed and constructed to control the amount of compound released over time in order to ensure a level of dispersion attractant for effective insect trapping. Attractants are typically designed to provide controlled release into the atmosphere of highly effective chemoattractants, the rate of release of which may be influenced by ambient temperature, humidity, prevailing air flow, other local microclimate parameters, exhaust/_CO2 velocity, and the The relationship between the volatilities of the attractant compounds. Additionally, when used indoors, the volume of the interior space and the rate of air exchange with outdoor air also affect the desired release rate of the chemoattractant.

[0035]在本发明的实施方案中，化学引诱物混合物的各成分，如乳酸和氨(NH₃)在流动热气流或CO₂气体中的释放速率，至少部分，是通过选择和/或控制乳酸源和氨气源的接触表面而受到控制的，在使用时流动的气流与该表面接触，从而在长期使用时，如至少约2或3周或更长，可以保持各化学引诱物混合物的吸引飞虫的有效性。[0035] In an embodiment of the invention, the rate of release of the components of the chemoattractant mixture, such as lactic acid and ammonia (NH₃ ), in flowing hot gas or CO_gas is, at least in part, selected and/or controlled by The source of lactic acid and the source of ammonia are controlled by the contact surface, and the air flow flowing in use is in contact with the surface, so that during long-term use, such as at least about 2 or 3 weeks or longer, the concentration of each chemoattractant mixture can be maintained. Effectiveness in attracting flying insects.

[0036]在本发明的实施方案中，所述化学引诱物包括至少一种相对无毒，或者与传统杀昆虫剂相比具有降低的毒性的引诱化合物，并且该化合物被制备成能模拟由哺乳动物系统释放的天然昆虫引诱剂。就此而言，有机酸及其衍生物是合适的模拟物。还可以使用引诱物的混合物。这些种间激素(kairomones)可以是天然存在的天然化合物或者可以是通过工程方法合成的。[0036] In an embodiment of the invention, the chemoattractant comprises at least one attractant compound that is relatively non-toxic, or has reduced toxicity compared to conventional insecticides, and that is prepared to mimic Natural insect attractants released by animal systems. In this regard, organic acids and their derivatives are suitable mimics. Mixtures of attractants may also be used. These interspecies hormones (kairomones) can be naturally occurring natural compounds or can be synthesized by engineering methods.

[0037]合适的有机酸及其衍生物的一个实例是游离酸形式的乳酸、乳酸盐以及它们的组合。乳酸铵是适合用作本发明的引诱剂的乳酸盐。氨、丙酮、尿酸、丁酸、二甲基二硫化物、2-苯基乙醇及其衍生物也可以用作很多飞虫的引诱剂。已知是种间激素的多种化合物由Park等人在J.Insect Physiol.45，85-91，1999中公开，该文献的内容整体引入本文作为参考。可以将引诱剂制备成能专门吸引已知危害特定地区的特定种类飞虫。[0037] An example of a suitable organic acid and derivatives thereof are lactic acid in free acid form, lactate salts, and combinations thereof. Ammonium lactate is a lactate salt suitable for use as an attractant in the present invention. Ammonia, acetone, uric acid, butyric acid, dimethyl disulfide, 2-phenylethanol and their derivatives are also used as attractants for many flying insects. Various compounds known to be interspecies hormones are disclosed by Park et al. in J. Insect Physiol. 45, 85-91, 1999, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Attractants can be prepared to specifically attract specific species of flying insects known to infect specific areas.

[0038]在本发明的一个实施方案中，引诱剂是食品级形式的乳酸或纯度至少为99％的乳酸，这样就能降低使用时杂质对引诱剂附近的大气质量的影响。L(+)-乳酸可以单独使用或与其他引诱剂组合使用。在另一个实施方案中，L(+)-乳酸可以作为与乳酸钙的混合物同时使用。在另一个实施方案中，L(+)-乳酸单独或与乳酸钙混合，与氨，如氢氧化铵水溶液、粉末状碳酸氢铵或能产生氨的其它铵基化合物组合使用，例如在室温，适度高温比如室温之上，如至少约85。但应该理解，将本发明的化学引诱剂设计成了可以在任何期望温度范围内释放氨。可以使用一种或多种化学引诱剂，可以以单一来源封装，或者以来自昆虫诱捕装置内或以其他方式与它结合的多个独立的来源封装。[0038] In one embodiment of the invention, the attractant is lactic acid in food grade form or lactic acid having a purity of at least 99%, which reduces the impact of impurities on the quality of the atmosphere in the vicinity of the attractant during use. L(+)-lactic acid can be used alone or in combination with other attractants. In another embodiment, L(+)-lactic acid can be used simultaneously as a mixture with calcium lactate. In another embodiment, L(+)-lactic acid alone or mixed with calcium lactate is used in combination with ammonia, such as aqueous ammonium hydroxide, powdered ammonium bicarbonate or other ammonium-based compounds capable of generating ammonia, for example at room temperature, Moderately elevated temperatures, such as above room temperature, such as at least about 85°F. It should be understood, however, that the chemoattractants of the present invention are designed to release ammonia over any desired temperature range. One or more chemical attractants may be used, and may be packaged from a single source, or from multiple independent sources within or otherwise associated with the insect trap.

[0039]可以将化学引诱物制成液体、半固体如凝胶或固体，以便与昆虫诱捕装置，如本文所描述的装置一起使用。昆虫诱捕装置为本领域所熟知。例如，美国生物物理(American Biophysics)公司销售的商标为MOSQUITO MAGNET的昆虫诱捕装置，该装置利用燃烧产生用于吸引昆虫的载满CO₂的排出气。参考美国专利No.6,145,243和美国专利申请No.2003/0084604 A1对该装置操作的详细说明，其全部内容引入本申请以供参考。[0039] Chemoattractants can be formulated as liquids, semi-solids such as gels, or solids for use with insect trapping devices, such as those described herein. Insect traps are well known in the art. For example, American Biophysics sells an insect trapping device under the trademark MOSQUITO MAGNET, which uses combustion to generate a CO2_- laden exhaust gas that is used to attract insects. Reference is made to US Patent No. 6,145,243 and US Patent Application No. 2003/0084604 Al for a detailed description of the operation of the device, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0040]在本发明的一个实施方案中，固体引诱物是粉末形式的，例如可将该粉末保存在多孔袋或封套中使用，这样就可以使气流进入和排出，或者将该粉末压缩或模制成各种形状，如块状、塞状或丸状。固体昆虫引诱物可以具有受控制的释放速度。在一个实施方案中，将粉末状L(+)-乳酸压缩成弹丸或圆柱形。不管是什么形状或物理形态，引诱剂在微高的温度下接触空气或气流时，就会从所述液体、半固体或固体引诱剂中释放出来。在一个实施方案中，使化学引诱剂或引诱剂的至少部分表面接触诸如来自昆虫诱捕装置的、暖湿CO₂排放气流，而导致化学引诱剂如乳酸和氨扩散到排放气流中去。[0040] In one embodiment of the invention, the solid attractant is in the form of a powder, for example, the powder can be stored in a porous bag or envelope for use, so that air flow can enter and exit, or the powder can be compressed or molded. Made in various shapes such as blocks, plugs or pellets. Solid insect attractants may have a controlled release rate. In one embodiment, powdered L(+)-lactic acid is compressed into pellets or cylinders. Regardless of shape or physical form, the attractant is released from the liquid, semi-solid or solid attractant upon exposure to air or air flow at slightly elevated temperatures. In one embodiment, exposing the chemical attractant or at least a portion of the surface of the attractant to a warm, humid_CO exhaust gas stream, such as from an insect trap, causes the chemical attractant, such as lactic acid and ammonia, to diffuse into the exhaust gas stream.

[0041]根据本发明的实施方案，液体引诱物可以用作化学引诱剂。可以将液体引诱物装到适合的容器或器皿中，所述容器或器皿具有可以使气流流入和流出而不使液体流入和流出的一个或多个开口或通道。在另一个实施方案中，将液体引诱物浸渍到诸如多孔棒或熔块的载体上，所述材料在接触空气或其它适合的气体，如前面提到的二氧化碳排放气流后能释放所述引诱化合物。可以采用能够可释放地保持液体化学引诱剂的任何合适的载体。在本发明的某些实施方案中，将浓度为每克载体熔块约1.5g至约4.5g(优选每克载体熔块约3.5g至约4.5g或每克载体熔块约1.9g至约2.5g)的液体乳酸单独用作化学引诱剂，或者与一种或多种其它引诱剂组合。当在环境温度高至高于环境空气温度约15，如约3，约5，约8，约10，约12或约15下接触CO₂排放气流，乳酸就会从引诱剂中释放出来。当然，还可以使用更高温度的排放气流。另一方面，诸如取决于引诱剂特性和期望的扩散速度，当在设计成用于特定温暖气候时，利用在环境温度下和仅微高于环境温度下的排放气流，也在本发明的范围之内。对于任何特定环境的合适温度可以通过在技师技术内的常规过程简单地确定。而且，这些浓度可以根据给定环境被优化。[0041] According to embodiments of the present invention, liquid attractants may be used as chemoattractants. The liquid attractant can be contained in a suitable container or vessel having one or more openings or channels through which airflow can flow in and out but not liquid can flow in and out. In another embodiment, a liquid attractant is impregnated onto a support such as a porous rod or frit, said material being capable of releasing said attractant compound upon exposure to air or other suitable gas, such as the aforementioned carbon dioxide emission stream . Any suitable carrier capable of releasably retaining a liquid chemoattractant may be employed. In certain embodiments of the invention, the concentration is from about 1.5 g to about 4.5 g per gram of carrier frit (preferably from about 3.5 g to about 4.5 g per gram of carrier frit or from about 1.9 g to about 4.5 g per gram of carrier frit). 2.5 g) of liquid lactic acid was used as a chemoattractant alone or in combination with one or more other attractants._Lactic acid is released from the attractant when exposed to a CO exhaust stream at ambient temperatures up to about 15°F above ambient air temperature, such as about 3°F, about 5°F, about 8°F, about 10°F, about 12°F, or about 15°F released in. Of course, higher temperature exhaust gas streams may also be used. On the other hand, it is also within the scope of the invention, such as depending on attractant properties and desired diffusion velocity, to utilize exhaust airflow at and only slightly above ambient temperature when designed for a particular warm climate within. The appropriate temperature for any particular environment can be readily determined by routine procedures within the skill of the artisan. Moreover, these concentrations can be optimized according to given circumstances.

[0042]可通过在从大约环境温度(或优选约85)至约140(或优选约115)的温度下，或也能使乳酸从乳酸引诱物，如聚合物凝胶形式的乳酸溶液中有效扩散的另一个温度范围下，使引诱物的至少部分表面与气体，如空气或CO₂气体(或含CO₂的排放气流)接触，而很方便地将氨从松散或压缩粉末或颗粒状碳酸氢铵中的释放出来。流出气体的温度在约85至约140范围时，通常能从大部分所述引诱剂源中有效产生乳酸和氨，所述引诱剂源包括例如本发明各种实施方案中描述的乳酸/凝胶，和碳酸氢铵。[0042] It may be obtained by deriving lactic acid from a lactic acid attractant, such as lactic acid in the form of a polymer gel, at a temperature from about ambient temperature (or preferably about 85 F) to about 140 F (or preferably about 115 F). At another temperature range in which diffusion_is effective in solution, ammonia is conveniently released from loose_or compressed powder or Released from granulated ammonium bicarbonate. Effluent gas temperatures in the range of about 85°F to about 140°F are generally effective for producing lactic acid and ammonia from most of the attractant sources, including, for example, the lactic acid/ gel, and ammonium bicarbonate.

[0043]可以将化学引诱剂装载到药筒中，以便更好地控制引诱剂释放到昆虫诱捕装置周围空气中的速度。源自引诱物的化学引诱剂的释放速度特征是与温度成正比的，即通过提高环境温度，可以获得较高的释放速度。这种释放速度还与气体经过引诱物的流动速度，以及化学引诱剂的几何和接触表面积有关。可以对这些因素进行调整，获得适合给定化学引诱剂和给定环境条件的期望释放特性。如上所述，可以根据需要调整CO₂排气烟羽或其它载体气体的温度，以便增加在给定环境条件下引诱剂从诱捕装置中的释放。[0043] Chemical attractants may be loaded into the cartridges to better control the rate at which the attractants are released into the air surrounding the insect trap. The release rate of the chemoattractant derived from the attractant is proportional to the temperature, that is, by increasing the ambient temperature, a higher release rate can be obtained. This rate of release is also related to the flow rate of gas past the attractant, as well as the geometry and contact surface area of the chemoattractant. These factors can be adjusted to obtain the desired release profile for a given chemoattractant and given environmental conditions. As noted above, the temperature of the_CO2 exhaust plume or other carrier gas can be adjusted as necessary to increase the release of attractant from the trap for a given environmental condition.

[0044]可以对化学引诱剂从液体、半液体(包括凝胶)和固体引诱物中的释放进行控制，在数日至数周时间内获得有效水平的昆虫引诱。根据本发明的实施方案，可将乳酸的引诱剂释放速度控制在约1mg/hr至约30mg/hr的范围内，例如，约2mg/hr，约3mg/hr，约4mg/hr，约6mg/hr，约8mg/hr，约10mg/hr，约12mg/hr，约14mg/hr，约15mg/hr，约16mg/hr，约18mg/hr，约20mg/hr，应理解这些值仅是代表性的，不需要给出给定单位内的“全部”数值(无论何处提供了数值，本说明书均使用该原则，除非另外说明)。根据本发明不同实施方案的这些和其它释放速度，可以表示将1小时，6小时，12小时，24小时，5天，7天，10天，12天，14天，15天，18天，21天或其它时间内平均的平均释放速度。[0044] The release of chemoattractants from liquid, semi-liquid (including gels) and solid attractants can be controlled to achieve effective levels of insect attraction over a period of days to weeks. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the release rate of the attractant of lactic acid can be controlled in the range of about 1 mg/hr to about 30 mg/hr, for example, about 2 mg/hr, about 3 mg/hr, about 4 mg/hr, about 6 mg/hr. hr, about 8 mg/hr, about 10 mg/hr, about 12 mg/hr, about 14 mg/hr, about 15 mg/hr, about 16 mg/hr, about 18 mg/hr, about 20 mg/hr, it is understood that these values are representative only Yes, it is not necessary to give "all" values in a given unit (wherever values are provided, this specification uses that principle unless otherwise stated). These and other release rates according to various embodiments of the invention may represent 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 5 days, 7 days, 10 days, 12 days, 14 days, 15 days, 18 days, 21 days The average release rate averaged over a day or other time period.

[0045]根据具体源和其构型，氨气释放速度可以比乳酸的释放速度快。因此，在本发明的实施方案中，将氨气源和乳酸源设计成能在长时间内如至少约两周或至少约三周，或更长时间内提供有效模拟身体分泌物和有效捕获靶飞虫的两种引诱剂混合物。例如，当氨气源是碳酸氢铵时，通常在约30℃(86)时开始分解为氨、二氧化碳和水，在60℃(140)或更高时分解的更快。依赖于使用的具体条件，当在接近所述温度，在一、二、三或更多周内使用时，获得的释放速度(基于全部化学引诱剂)是在约16mg/hr至约130mg/hr范围内，或更低或更高。例如，在本发明优选用于室外的一个实施方案中，从碳酸氢铵分解得到的释放速度在一两周时间内，在初始释放速度暂时较高之后，平均在约50至约70mg/hr范围内。在本发明直接用于室内的实施方案中，从碳酸氢铵分解得到的释放速度优选从约1mg/hr至约60mg/hr，或更优选从约5mg/hr至约50mg/hr范围内。乳酸和氨(例如碳酸氢铵)的在此指出的范围内的释放速度给引诱剂提供了能有效模拟分泌物如汗液，优选捕获靶飞虫的足够使用寿命，通常至少约2周，如至少约3周或更长。在发明适合室内使用的实施方案中，优选选择乳酸和氨的释放速度，以使氨和乳酸浓度对人类友好，且更优选在健康、安全或审美目的标准之内。[0045] Depending on the particular source and its configuration, the rate of release of ammonia gas may be faster than the rate of release of lactic acid. Thus, in embodiments of the present invention, the sources of ammonia and lactic acid are designed to provide an effective mimic of bodily secretions and an effective capture target over an extended period of time, such as at least about two weeks or at least about three weeks, or longer. Mixture of two attractants for flying insects. For example, when the source of ammonia gas is ammonium bicarbonate, decomposition to ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water typically begins at about 30°C (86°F) and occurs more rapidly at 60°C (140°F) or higher. Depending on the particular conditions of use, the release rate achieved (based on total chemoattractant) is between about 16 mg/hr and about 130 mg/hr when used within one, two, three or more weeks near the stated temperature range, or lower or higher. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, which is preferably used outdoors, the release rate from the decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate averages in the range of about 50 to about 70 mg/hr over a period of one or two weeks, after an initial release rate is temporarily higher. Inside. In direct in-house embodiments of the invention, the release rate from decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate preferably ranges from about 1 mg/hr to about 60 mg/hr, or more preferably from about 5 mg/hr to about 50 mg/hr. A release rate of lactic acid and ammonia (e.g., ammonium bicarbonate) within the ranges indicated herein provides the attractant with a sufficient lifespan to effectively simulate secretions such as sweat, preferably capturing target flying insects, usually at least about 2 weeks, such as at least About 3 weeks or longer. In embodiments of the invention suitable for indoor use, the release rates of lactic acid and ammonia are preferably selected such that the ammonia and lactic acid concentrations are human friendly, and more preferably within standards for health, safety or aesthetic purposes.

[0046]使用的化学引诱剂量可以根据引诱物的大小和形状、所选择的制剂和所用引诱剂的预期环境条件而改变。[0046] The amount of chemoattractant used may vary depending on the size and shape of the attractant, the formulation chosen and the expected environmental conditions of the attractant used.

[0047]可以调整释放速度，以便用特定的化学引诱剂有效诱捕特定种类的飞虫。某些高挥发性引诱剂可以采用被设计成能减弱该化合物的挥发性的几何形状，以便避免引诱剂效力的过早丧失。相反，其他比较稳定的化学引诱剂可能需要加热或其他反应来促进它扩散到空气或CO₂气流中。基本上不具备挥发性的化合物更难于实现对有效昆虫引诱的控制。[0047] The rate of release can be adjusted to effectively trap particular species of flying insects with particular chemoattractants. Certain highly volatile attractants may employ geometries designed to attenuate the volatility of the compound in order to avoid premature loss of attractant potency. In contrast, other more stable chemoattractants may require heating or other reactions to facilitate its diffusion into air or_CO2 streams. Compounds that are substantially non-volatile are more difficult to achieve effective insect attractant control.

[0048]一般地说，通常可以对乳酸和氨(还可以包括其它引诱剂气体，包括如碳酸氢铵分解中的二氧化碳和水蒸气)释放到包括二氧化碳的排出气体中的速度进行控制，从而在长时间内，通常至少约两周，或至少约三周，或更长时间内，在排出气体中形成模拟分泌物，如汗液或人或哺乳动物的其它体液的混合物，以便连续流出排出气体。当然，如果引诱剂各成分仅间歇性地与排出气体接触，甚至还可以进一步将引诱剂的使用寿命和有效性延长。另外，通过扩散或就化学引诱剂空气流动而言的其它主动方式可以获得化学引诱剂的释放，或直接与气流接触，利用电扇，排气烟羽和其它方式使化学引诱剂流动。[0048] In general, the rate at which lactic acid and ammonia (and may also include other attractant gases, including carbon dioxide and water vapor, such as in the decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate) are released into the exhaust gas including carbon dioxide can usually be controlled so that the Over an extended period of time, typically at least about two weeks, or at least about three weeks, or longer, a mixture of simulated secretions, such as sweat or other bodily fluids of a human or mammal, is formed in the exhaust gas such that the exhaust gas flows continuously. Of course, the useful life and effectiveness of the attractant can be extended even further if the components of the attractant are only intermittently contacted with the exhaust gas. Alternatively, chemoattractant release can be achieved by diffusion or other active means in the case of chemoattractant air movement, or direct contact with air flow, using fans, exhaust plumes, and other means to mobilize the chemoattractant.

[0049]因此，在本发明的一个实施方案中提供了用于引诱飞虫的包括任选与气流结合的乳酸源和氨气源的引诱物。所述气流可以提供基本稳定的空气流，流动速度为10L/min至约250L/min，更优选为约40L/min至约140L/min。应当理解，可选择其它流动速度，而获得适合特定化学引诱剂和特定使用环境条件的期望释放速度特征。在(流动速度每分钟约150ml)，温度约90下，当引诱物与稳定气流，优选二氧化碳含量高的气体(例如约5ml/升)的稳定气流接触时，在至少两周(如至少约300小时)，或至少约三周(如至少约500小时)内，含来自氨气源的氨的化学引诱剂将以约16mg/hr至约130mg/hr释放引诱物，含来自乳酸源的乳酸的化学引诱剂将以约2mg/hr至约20mg/hr释放引诱物。[0049] Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention there is provided an attractant for attracting flying insects comprising a source of lactic acid and a source of ammonia, optionally in combination with an airflow. The air flow may provide a substantially steady flow of air at a flow rate of 10 L/min to about 250 L/min, more preferably about 40 L/min to about 140 L/min. It should be understood that other flow rates may be selected to obtain the desired release rate characteristics for a particular chemoattractant and particular environmental conditions of use. At (flow rate about 150ml per minute), temperature about 90°F, when the attractant is in contact with a steady stream of gas, preferably a gas with a high carbon dioxide content (for example, about 5ml/liter), it will be effective for at least two weeks (such as at least about 5ml/liter). 300 hours), or at least about three weeks (such as at least about 500 hours), the chemoattractant containing ammonia from an ammonia gas source will release the attractant at about 16 mg/hr to about 130 mg/hr, containing lactic acid from a lactic acid source The chemoattractant will release the attractant at about 2 mg/hr to about 20 mg/hr.

[0050]可以选择用于容纳固体和液体化学引诱物的壳体，以便使特定的化学引诱物与对空气或诸如CO₂排出气流的气流最佳接触匹配。如本文所用，CO₂气流、CO₂气体、CO₂排出气流等是指就环境空气而言CO₂含量高的气体，可包括燃烧废气，CO₂和其中有空气和其它气体的混合物。所述壳体可以具有多个可以调整的孔，从而能较好的控制引诱剂扩散速度。例如，可以选择并且配制引诱物，以便以特定的速度释放特定的化学引诱剂或引诱剂混合物，从而引诱特定种类飞虫，诸如携带疾病的昆虫、咬虫、带刺昆虫，同时或此外延长引诱剂的使用寿命。根据本发明的一个实施方案，将壳体布置和构成为具有一个或多个释放孔的类似的管状篮。所述壳体篮可以具有一个端盖。将本发明实施方案的引诱物壳体设计成能够以例如约2mg/hr至约20mg/hr或在此范围内的任何中间值或根据特定化学引诱剂和靶昆虫而确定的更高值的期望速度释放引诱剂。根据本发明的一个实施方案，释放速度至少部分是被化学引诱剂所受的排出气体流动速度和/或排气温度控制的。在发明的某些实施方案中，释放速度还可由化学引诱剂所用壳体的开口面积来控制。在发明的实施方案中，可以改变开口或孔的尺寸。在另一个实施方案中，可将开口或孔尺寸固定。开口或孔形状并不特别关键，可以是圆形、正方形、长方形或任何其它规则或不规则的几何形状。[0050] Housings for containing solid and liquid chemoattractants can be selected to match a particular chemoattractant for optimal exposure to air or a gas stream such as a_CO2 exhaust gas stream. As used herein, a_CO gas stream,_CO gas,_CO exhaust gas stream, etc. refers to a gas that is high in_CO with respect to ambient air and may include combustion exhaust, CO_, and mixtures with air and other gases therein. The housing can have a plurality of adjustable holes, so that the diffusion speed of the attractant can be better controlled. For example, attractants can be selected and formulated to release a particular chemical attractant or mix of attractants at a particular rate to attract particular species of flying insects, such as disease-carrying insects, biting insects, stinging insects, while or additionally prolonging the attractant time. service life. According to one embodiment of the invention, the housing is arranged and constructed as a similar tubular basket with one or more release holes. The housing basket may have an end cap. The attractant shells of embodiments of the present invention are designed to be able to react at, for example, about 2 mg/hr to about 20 mg/hr or any intermediate value within this range or a higher value as determined by the particular chemical attractant and target insect. Speed release of attractant. According to one embodiment of the invention, the rate of release is controlled at least in part by the exhaust gas flow rate and/or the exhaust gas temperature to which the chemoattractant is subjected. In certain embodiments of the invention, the rate of release can also be controlled by the open area of the shell used by the chemoattractant. In an embodiment of the invention, the size of the opening or hole may be varied. In another embodiment, the opening or hole size can be fixed. The opening or hole shape is not particularly critical and may be circular, square, rectangular or any other regular or irregular geometric shape.

[0051]在本发明的一个实施方案中，一种或多种化学引诱物是用合适的可生物降解的聚合物配制的，并且被模制成具有特定三维几何形状的物品。选择合适的可生物降解的聚合物，特别是适合于注塑或挤塑。所述可生物降解的聚合物能够通过随时间的随机水解而分解。随着模塑的可生物降解的聚合物的侵蚀，从所述模制品中连续释放出新的化学引诱剂。可以对所述化学引诱剂进行选择，这样完全的降解和侵蚀导致容易处理的对环境友好的化合物的产生。例如，聚L(+)-丙交酯，聚乙交酯和聚(丙交酯-共-乙交酯)的可生物降解的聚合物能分别降解形成L(+)-乳酸、乙醇酸和L(+)-乳酸及乙醇酸。[0051] In one embodiment of the invention, one or more chemoattractants are formulated with a suitable biodegradable polymer and molded into an article having a specific three-dimensional geometry. Choose a suitable biodegradable polymer, especially suitable for injection molding or extrusion. The biodegradable polymer is capable of breaking down by random hydrolysis over time. As the molded biodegradable polymer erodes, new chemoattractants are continuously released from the molded article. The chemoattractants can be selected such that complete degradation and erosion results in the production of environmentally friendly compounds that are easily handled. For example, biodegradable polymers of poly-L(+)-lactide, polyglycolide and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) can degrade to form L(+)-lactic acid, glycolic acid and L(+)-Lactic acid and glycolic acid.

[0052]降解速度可以根据如与空气流接触的引诱物表面积大小在至少数周至数月或更长时间内变化。所述空气流是根据所述化学化合物和所述引诱物预期的使用环境选择的。降解速度还可以通过改变所采用的聚合物或共聚物组成，和/或通过调整所述引诱物的几何形状以便增加或减少与CO₂或类似气体或气流接触的表面积来加以控制。一般，非晶(共)聚合物的降解速度比半结晶聚合物的快。[0052] The rate of degradation can vary from at least a few weeks to a few months or longer depending on, eg, the size of the surface area of the attractant in contact with the air flow. The air flow is selected based on the chemical compound and the environment in which the attractant is intended to be used. The rate of degradation can also be controlled by varying the polymer or copolymer composition employed, and/or by adjusting the geometry of the attractant to increase or decrease the surface area in contact with_CO2 or similar gas or gas stream. In general, amorphous (co)polymers degrade faster than semicrystalline polymers.

[0053]在本发明的另一个实施方案中，至少一种化学引诱物是通过将至少一种化学引诱剂与合适的聚合物一起同时注模制备的，以便形成注入有引诱剂的模制品。可以对所述带饵的模制品进行造型，以便提供确保所述化学引诱剂随时间释放所必需的最大表面积。在本发明另一个实施方案中，所述注模工艺包括导入气体，以便在所述模制品中产生孔矩阵。这些孔可以使诸如带有水蒸气的CO₂排出气流的气流通过所述模制品，以便增加容纳在里面的化学引诱剂的释放。这种设计允许较少的昆虫引诱剂以连续的速度从所述引诱剂中释放出来，以便能使引诱剂的作用水平在长时间内扩散。[0053] In another embodiment of the present invention, at least one chemoattractant is prepared by co-injection molding at least one chemoattractant with a suitable polymer to form an attractant-infused molded article. The baited molding can be shaped to provide the maximum surface area necessary to ensure release of the chemoattractant over time. In another embodiment of the present invention, said injection molding process comprises introducing a gas in order to create a matrix of pores in said molded article. These holes allow a gas flow, such as a_CO2 exhaust gas flow with water vapor, to pass through the molded part in order to increase the release of the chemoattractant contained inside. This design allows less insect attractant to be released from the attractant at a continuous rate so that the level of action of the attractant can be spread over a long period of time.

[0054]化学引诱物的注模还使得所述引诱剂能够以整体部件形式生产，在所述引诱物和装有该引诱物的壳体之间提供了机械界面。所述机械界面，如钩子、凸耳和搭扣配合等使引诱物能够适合特定的壳体。所述壳体可以是为了在特定市场使用而设计的，或者具有特殊的诱捕装置。这样，引诱物可以是针对环境条件和与特定地区相关的飞虫物种而专门设计的。这些市场专一性的化学引诱物可以有利地为终端用户提供适应其昆虫诱捕装置的选择，以便在购买之后调整需要。[0054] Injection molding of the chemoattractant also enables the production of the attractant as an integral part, providing a mechanical interface between the attractant and the housing containing the attractant. The mechanical interfaces, such as hooks, lugs, and snap fits, etc., allow the attractor to fit into a particular housing. The housing may be designed for use in a particular market, or have a special trap. In this way, attractants can be specially designed for the environmental conditions and flying insect species associated with a particular region. These market-specific chemoattractants can advantageously provide end users with the option to adapt their insect trapping devices to adjust needs after purchase.

[0055]在本发明的另一方面，可以将化学引诱物连接在昆虫诱捕装置上，该装置是为了与装有可燃燃料的燃料源一起使用而设计的，以便产生CO₂。在发明的一个实施方案中，昆虫诱捕装置包括支架；置于所述支架上的昆虫诱捕室；置于所述支架上的燃烧装置，以及定位和构成为将昆虫化学地引诱到所述昆虫诱捕室的昆虫引诱剂。所述燃烧装置包括用于与所述燃料源连接的入口、排气口，以及连接所述入口和排气口的燃烧室。所述入口使得来自所述燃料源的燃料能够流入所述燃烧室，以便在里面连续燃烧，从而在所述燃烧室中产生废气。[0055] In another aspect of the invention, a chemical attractant may be attached to an insect trapping device designed for use with a fuel source containing a combustible fuel to generate_CO2 . In one embodiment of the invention, an insect trapping device comprises a frame; an insect trapping chamber disposed on said frame; a combustion device positioned on said frame, and positioned and configured to chemically attract insects to said insect trap chamber insect attractant. The combustion device includes an inlet for connection to the fuel source, an exhaust port, and a combustion chamber connected to the inlet and exhaust ports. The inlet enables fuel from the fuel source to flow into the combustion chamber for continuous combustion therein to generate exhaust gases in the combustion chamber.

[0056]在发明的实施方案中，所述燃烧装置还包括放在所述燃烧室内位于进行连续燃烧点下游的催化剂成分。所述催化剂主体包括催化活性材料，它能在工作期间，将废气中的一氧化碳转化成CO₂。CO₂废气和化学引诱剂的组合模拟了由哺乳动物释放的化合物，飞虫在寻找宿主时能侦测到这种化合物。所述特征描述于共同待决的美国专利申请系列号10/264,260中，该专利的内容整体引入本文供参考。[0056] In an embodiment of the invention, the combustion apparatus further includes a catalyst component placed within the combustion chamber downstream of the point at which continuous combustion occurs. The catalyst body includes a catalytically active material capable of converting carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas to_CO2 during operation. The combination of_CO2 exhaust and chemoattractants mimics the compounds released by mammals that the flying insects can detect as they seek out hosts. Such features are described in co-pending US Patent Application Serial No. 10/264,260, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0057]废气出口被设置在所述支架上，并且与所述燃烧装置的排气口连通。所述排气口可以使废气通过所述排气出口外流，以便被废气中的CO₂所吸引的昆虫能飞向所述排气出口。在所述支架上靠近所述排气出口的地方还有昆虫入口。所述昆虫入口与所述昆虫诱捕室连通，以便飞虫能够通过所述昆虫入口进入所述诱捕室。与所述昆虫入口连通的真空装置被构造和布置以通过昆虫入口将被吸引到所述废气出口的昆虫吸入所述昆虫诱捕室。为了增加所述昆虫入口对昆虫的吸引力，将包括至少一种化学引诱剂的容器连接在所述昆虫诱捕装置上的昆虫入口处或靠近该入口。[0057] The exhaust gas outlet is arranged on the bracket and communicates with the exhaust port of the combustion device. The exhaust port may allow exhaust gas to flow out through the exhaust outlet so that insects attracted by_CO2 in the exhaust gas may fly towards the exhaust outlet. There is also an insect inlet on the bracket near the exhaust outlet. The insect inlet communicates with the insect trapping chamber, so that flying insects can enter the trapping chamber through the insect inlet. A vacuum in communication with the insect inlet is constructed and arranged to draw insects attracted to the exhaust outlet into the insect trapping chamber through the insect inlet. To increase the attractiveness of the insect inlet to insects, a container comprising at least one chemical attractant is attached to the insect trap at or near the insect inlet.

[0058]本发明的实施方案包括用于产生引诱昆虫的CO₂的催化剂主体，并且所述化学引诱物定位和配制成能够以受控制的释放速度提供连续的引诱剂供给。这种布置可给飞虫提供额外的吸引，因为昆虫不太可能靶定从所述排气出口发出的CO₂烟羽，不足够近地飞到所述昆虫入口而能被吸入用于捕获的昆虫入口至昆虫诱捕室中的地方。添加本发明实施方案的至少一种化学引诱剂，能够显著增强该装置在诱捕被吸引来的昆虫方面的效力，从而获得在以前无法预料的协同水平。[0058] Embodiments of the present invention include a catalyst body for generating_CO2 that attracts insects, and the chemoattractant is positioned and formulated to provide a continuous supply of attractant at a controlled release rate. This arrangement provides an additional attraction for flying insects, as insects are less likely to target the_CO plume emanating from the exhaust outlet, and not fly close enough to the insect inlet to be sucked into the air for capture. The point of insect entrance into the insect trapping chamber. Addition of at least one chemoattractant according to embodiments of the present invention can significantly enhance the effectiveness of the device in trapping attracted insects, resulting in previously unforeseen levels of synergy.

[0059]本发明所述的实施方案可以单独采用所述化学引诱剂或与一种或多种能引诱飞虫的其它材料结合使用。因而，可采用两种或多种昆虫引诱成分的组合，如CO₂与至少一种化学引诱剂和/或一种或多种视觉昆虫引诱剂的组合。[0059] Embodiments described herein may employ the chemoattractant alone or in combination with one or more other materials capable of attracting flying insects. Thus, a combination of two or more insect attractants may be employed, such as_CO2 in combination with at least one chemical attractant and/or one or more visual insect attractants.

[0060]根据本发明的实施方案，用于吸引飞虫的引诱系统包括至少第一化学引诱剂和至少第二化学引诱剂，存在相互化学反应的第一和第二引诱剂和/或其扩散产物，其中第一和第二化学引诱剂是以防止第一和第二化学引诱剂间和/或其扩散产物间相互接触的方式保存的。[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the attractant system for attracting flying insects includes at least a first chemical attractant and at least a second chemical attractant, there is a mutual chemical reaction between the first and second attractant and/or its diffusion product, wherein the first and second chemoattractants are preserved in a manner that prevents contact between the first and second chemoattractants and/or their diffusion products.

[0061]第一化学引诱剂可以包括乳酸源，例如上述任何实施方案中的乳酸源。第二化学引诱剂包括氨气源。可将这两种引诱剂，任选一种或更多的附加化学引诱剂和/或视觉引诱物，布置在壳体中，当如前所述与CO₂气体源接触时，就可以激活并导致各引诱剂如乳酸和氨扩散到CO₂气体流中，从而将引诱剂混合物混合，并形成比任何单一引诱剂能更有效吸引飞虫的组合化学引诱剂。[0061] The first chemoattractant can include a source of lactic acid, such as the source of lactic acid in any of the embodiments described above. The second chemoattractant includes a source of ammonia gas. These two attractants, optionally one or more additional chemoattractants and/or_visual attractants, can be placed in the housing to activate and This causes the individual attractants such as lactic acid and ammonia to diffuse into the_CO2 gas stream, mixing the attractant mixture and creating a combined chemical attractant that is more effective at attracting flying insects than any single attractant.

[0062]为了防止第一和第二化学引诱剂过早扩散或相互反应(包括化学反应)，可将引诱剂分开包装或封存或包装在单个壳体内，使引诱剂互相物理分离，例如将整个壳体或仅将其入口和排气口密封。[0062] In order to prevent the premature diffusion or mutual reaction (including chemical reaction) of the first and second chemoattractant, the attractant can be separately packaged or sealed or packaged in a single housing, so that the attractant is physically separated from each other, for example, the entire housing or just seal its inlet and exhaust ports.

[0063]如本文所用，术语“单个壳体”或“单个包装”或相似术语意思是指作为单位销售给终端消费者的任何包装。在发明的实施方案中，单个包装的形式是有第一室和第二室的壳体，第一引诱剂储存在第一室内，第二引诱剂储存在第二室内。在一个实施方案中，第二室和第一室设在同一壳体内。引诱剂和/或壳体和/或室可以是明显的圆柱形。在发明的一个实施方案中，壳体壁限定的第一和第二室壁与引诱剂壁相同，或比引诱剂壁直径略大。[0063] As used herein, the term "single case" or "single package" or similar terms means any package sold as a unit to an end consumer. In an embodiment of the invention, the individual package is in the form of a housing having a first chamber in which the first attractant is stored and a second attractant in the second chamber. In one embodiment, the second chamber and the first chamber are provided within the same housing. The attractant and/or housing and/or chamber may be substantially cylindrical. In one embodiment of the invention, the first and second chamber walls defined by the housing walls are the same as, or slightly larger in diameter than, the attractant walls.

[0064]在另一个实施方案中，将第一和第二室设计在壳体内部，并与壳体壁留有间隔。例如，壳体内壁可包括两个或多个限定其中空间的反向凸起，在该空间内引诱剂能或多或少安全地保持与壳体内壁的间隔分离关系。例如，凸起可位于沿壳体长度的数个纵向间隔分离位置上，而在各个或某些间隔分离位置上的凸起完全相反(如约180°)或以约45 °，60°或90°或任何其它保证引诱剂在壳体内的方便布置间隔分离。壳体壁和引诱剂间的空间可给CO₂气流或其它气流提供流动通道，导致相应引诱剂扩散进气流中去，所述气流流入吸引昆虫的周围环境中，随后捕获或杀死昆虫。壳体壁还可包括一个或多个开口，以进一步使在外流动的CO₂或其它气流接近引诱剂。一个或多个开口可具有相同或不同的尺寸，并且可具有固定或可变的大小。[0064] In another embodiment, the first and second chambers are designed inside the housing and spaced from the housing wall. For example, the inner wall of the housing may comprise two or more opposing projections defining a space therein in which the attractant can remain in a more or less secure spaced-apart relationship to the inner wall of the housing. For example, the projections may be located at several longitudinally spaced apart locations along the length of the housing, while the projections at each or some of the spaced apart locations are diametrically opposed (eg, about 180°) or at approximately 45°, 60° or 90° Or any other convenient arrangement to ensure that the attractant is spaced apart within the housing. The space between the housing wall and the attractant may provide a flow path for the_CO2 or other gas flow, causing the corresponding attractant to diffuse into the airflow that flows into the surrounding environment that attracts the insect, which is subsequently captured or killed. The housing wall may also include one or more openings to further provide access to the attractant to the outwardly flowing_CO2 or other gas stream. The one or more openings may be of the same or different size, and may be of fixed or variable size.

[0065]根据本发明的实施方案，其中第一和第二化学引诱剂相互反应和/或其挥发或扩散产物相互反应，在最初使用前密封使第一和第二引诱剂和/或其蒸气间接触的任何开口或通道，以便防止预先反应并且延长引诱物的使用寿命。[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the first and second chemoattractants interact and/or their volatilized or diffused products react with each other, the first and second chemoattractants and/or their vapors are sealed prior to initial use Any openings or passages in which there is indirect contact, so as to prevent pre-reaction and prolong the life of the attractant.

[0066]在本发明的另一个可选实施方案中，第一和第二化学引诱剂是装到昆虫诱捕装置上的引诱剂系统的一部分，其中引诱剂系统包括限定为至少第一室；至少第二室的壳体；所述壳体被构造成安装到昆虫诱捕装置上。第一化学引诱剂包含在第一室内，第二化学引诱剂包含在第二室内。第一和第二室每个都有至少一个能分别使第一和第二昆虫引诱剂从中扩散出去的开口。第一和第二室基本上被包括一个或多个可移除的密封部件的结构相互隔开，关上室开口就能基本上避免昆虫引诱剂及其扩散产物(如氨气)混合或接触。移去一个或多个可移除的密封部件，打开至少一个室开口，从而使昆虫引诱剂由此扩散出去，以便当壳体装在昆虫诱捕装置上时，将昆虫吸引到昆虫诱捕装置。在所述引诱剂系统的一个实施方案中，限定了第一室的壳体也限定了第二室，进一步包括将第一和第二室分开的结构，以便化学反应的化学引诱剂不会在共同或单个壳体内直接相互接触。根据本发明该实施方案的引诱剂系统进一步具体公开在2004年6月8日申请的名称为“装在昆虫引诱装置上的引诱剂系统”的申请人相同的共同待决临时申请中，代理人备审编号9554/308673，整个内容引入本文以供参考。[0066] In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, the first and second chemical attractants are part of an attractant system incorporated into the insect trapping device, wherein the attractant system comprises defined as at least a first chamber; at least A housing for the second chamber; the housing is configured to mount to an insect trap. A first chemoattractant is contained within the first chamber and a second chemoattractant is contained within the second chamber. The first and second chambers each have at least one opening through which the first and second insect attractants, respectively, can diffuse. The first and second chambers are substantially separated from each other by a structure including one or more removable sealing members, and the closing of the chamber opening substantially prevents mixing or contact of the insect attractant and its diffusion products (eg, ammonia gas). Removing the one or more removable sealing members opens at least one of the chamber openings so that insect attractant diffuses therethrough to attract insects to the insect trap when the housing is mounted on the insect trap. In one embodiment of the attractant system, the housing defining the first chamber also defines the second chamber, further comprising structure separating the first and second chambers such that the chemically reactive chemoattractant does not direct contact with each other within a common or single housing. The attractant system according to this embodiment of the present invention is further specifically disclosed in the same co-pending provisional application of the applicant entitled "Attractant system mounted on an insect attracting device" filed on June 8, 2004, Attorney Docket No. 9554/308673, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0067]在本发明的各种实施方案中，壳体通常包括至少一个入口，热气流，如CO₂气体可由该入口进入与第一和第二引诱剂的至少部分暴露表面接触，和至少一个与各室连接的出口，通过该出口CO₂气体可以排出各自的室和壳体，以及由于与流动的热气流接触而从引诱剂释放出来的第一和/或第二引诱剂(如乳酸和氨)。当然，用于气体流动的一个或多个入口和一个或多个出口可以相同。第一和第二引诱剂在壳体内的装载顺序或者与流动气流的接触顺序是任意的而且可以是任何顺序的。[0067] In various embodiments of the invention, the housing generally includes at least one inlet through which a stream of hot gas, such as CO_gas , can enter into contact with at least part of the exposed surfaces of the first and second attractants, and at least one An outlet connected to each chamber through which_CO gas can exit the respective chamber and housing, as well as first and/or second attractant (such as lactic acid and ammonia). Of course, the inlet(s) and outlet(s) for gas flow may be the same. The order in which the first and second attractants are loaded into the housing or contacted with the flowing gas stream is arbitrary and may be in any order.

[0068]在本发明的另一个实施方案中，将第一和第二引诱剂以并排关系排列，例如它们的各自纵轴至少基本上平行，并装在共同或单个包装或容器内，这样就能防止在最初使用前不同反应引诱物之间的预先接触。[0068] In another embodiment of the invention, the first and second attractants are arranged in a side-by-side relationship, for example with their respective longitudinal axes at least substantially parallel, and housed in a common or individual package or container such that Pre-contact between different response elicitors prior to initial use can be prevented.

[0069]在本发明的另一个实施方案中，可将第一和第二引诱剂以环形构造布置，只要进入待释放的化学引诱剂的流动气流能够与每个引诱剂接触。例如，可将外径d₁的第一引诱剂装到第二引诱剂内纵向延伸的直径为d₂的开口或通道内部，其中d₂≥d₁。在d₂＝d₁的情况下，第一引诱剂可包括其自身纵向延伸的开口，以形成使气流流动的通路，当分开流动的气流与第二引诱剂的外径接触时，就能从第一和第二化学引诱剂中释放各引诱剂。在d₂＞d₁的情况下，在第二引诱剂的纵向延伸开口内流动的气流将会接触两种引诱剂的表面，同时其它任意气流接触第二引诱剂的外表面，就能使这两种引诱剂释放。在此处同样，在环形布置中作为内部或外部引诱剂的第一和第二引诱剂顺序是任意的而且可以倒置。该实施方案尤其有利于在使用前的预期存贮条件下，不发生化学反应或仅缓慢或基本不发生化学反应的化学引诱剂。对于反应性较强的化学引诱剂来说，隔离片和/或可去除包装材料或其它类型的膜或封闭层都能用于保持引诱剂不发生直接接触。[0069] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first and second attractants may be arranged in a ring configuration, provided that the flowing air flow into the chemoattractant to be released is able to contact each attractant. For example, a first attractant of outer diameter_d1 may be fitted into a longitudinally extending opening or channel_of diameter_d2 in a second attractant, where_d2≥d1 . Where d₂ =d₁ , the first attractant may include its own longitudinally extending openings to form pathways for the flow of gas flow, which, when contacted by the outer diameter of the second attractant, are able to flow from Each attractant is released from the first and second chemoattractants. In the case of d₂ >d₁ , the air flow flowing in the longitudinally extending opening of the second attractant will contact the surfaces of both attractants while any other air flow contacts the outer surface of the second attractant, enabling this Two attractants are released. Here too, the order of the first and second attractant as inner or outer attractant in the ring arrangement is arbitrary and can be reversed. This embodiment is particularly advantageous for chemoattractants that do not chemically react, or undergo only slow or substantially no chemical reaction under expected storage conditions prior to use. For more reactive chemoattractants, spacers and/or removable wrapping or other types of membranes or seals can be used to keep the attractant from direct contact.

[0070]根据本发明的上述实施方案，将第一和第二化学引诱剂以相互物理分离的方式保存直到刚使用前。本文所用“物理隔离”或“物理隔离地”的意思是不直接接触，或防止在允许第一和第二引诱剂直接反应或其气体和/或蒸气扩散产物，例如氨和乳酸相互反应的条件下接触。为此，在本发明的一个实施方案中，可将第一和第二引诱剂任一一种或两种分开包装或密封，例如密封在热缩塑料包中。[0070] According to the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the first and second chemoattractants are stored physically separated from each other until immediately before use. "Physically isolated" or "physically isolated" as used herein means not in direct contact, or prevented from reacting with each other under conditions that allow direct reaction of the first and second attractants or their gaseous and/or vapor diffusion products, such as ammonia and lactic acid. down contact. To this end, in one embodiment of the present invention, either one or both of the first and second attractants may be packaged or sealed separately, for example sealed in a heat-shrinkable plastic bag.

[0071]在本发明的实施方案中，产生化学引诱剂的乳酸可包括含凝胶网络的聚合凝胶，但乳酸在里面不会与凝胶网络发生化学性结合，可将乳酸保存在塑料药筒内。可使所述塑料药筒本身，在其侧壁上具有至少一个孔或其它透气方式以便使乳酸蒸气通过，安装到具有开口端的适合容器内。可将药筒和容器中的任一或两者的至少一个孔或透气方式临时密封，以防止其内所含乳酸材料的意外接触或乳酸从中泄漏。还可将作第二引诱剂的氨气源包含在其自身药筒内，或在含乳酸凝胶的药筒壳体的分隔室内。氨气源可以是包含在多孔袋或容器内的松散粉末或颗粒，用例如塑料或铝箔包装临时密封。另外，可将粉末或颗粒模制或造型成诸如单块构型，如圆柱形，并装到药筒或容器的开口内。[0071] In an embodiment of the present invention, the lactic acid that produces the chemoattractant may include a polymeric gel containing a gel network, but the lactic acid will not chemically bond with the gel network inside, and the lactic acid may be stored in a plastic drug inside the barrel. The plastic cartridge itself, having at least one hole in its side wall or other means of venting to allow the passage of lactic acid vapor, may be fitted into a suitable container having an open end. At least one aperture or vent means of either or both the cartridge and container may be temporarily sealed to prevent accidental contact with or leakage of lactic acid material contained therein. The source of ammonia as a second attractant may also be contained within its own cartridge, or within a compartment of the cartridge housing containing the lactic acid gel. Ammonia sources can be loose powders or granules contained in porous bags or containers, temporarily sealed with, for example, plastic or aluminum foil wrapping. Alternatively, the powder or granules may be molded or shaped, such as in a monolithic configuration, such as a cylinder, and fitted into the opening of a cartridge or container.

[0072]在本发明的实施方案中，药筒壳体包括由膜、挡板或用与壳体材料相同或不同于壳体材料的材料制造的其它分隔器分开的第一和第二室，从而将分别含在第一和第二室的第一和第二引诱剂分开。如本文所述，壳体中任何使气体流入或流出的开口都将被诸如可拆去的密封胶带临时密封直到即刻使用前，密封胶带上还可印有广告，成分和/或使用指南。In an embodiment of the invention, the cartridge housing comprises first and second chambers separated by a membrane, a baffle or other divider made of the same or different material as the housing material, The first and second attractants contained in the first and second chambers, respectively, are thereby separated. As described herein, any openings in the housing through which gas may flow in or out will be temporarily sealed until immediately prior to use, such as by removable sealing tape, which may also be printed with advertising, ingredients and/or directions for use.

[0073]用于以物理隔离方式保存第一和第二引诱剂的任何或所有设备或任何其它方式都属于本发明的范围。[0073] Any or all means or any other means for maintaining the first and second attractants in a physically separate manner are within the scope of the present invention.

[0074]作为开口、孔或通风孔的替代方式，壳体或分隔结构可由多孔材料形成，所述多孔材料能允许气体排出，尤其是大气压下的气体排出。例如，壳体，药筒，膜等可以由熔结金属，开孔泡沫塑料或其它多孔材料形成，所述材料具备足以适合预期处理和使用条件的结构完整性。此处，多孔材料也可以被可移动密封剂诸如压缩包装，条带等有效密封，以便防止储存过程中可能发生的任何蒸汽泄漏。[0074] As an alternative to openings, holes or vents, the housing or partitioning structure may be formed from a porous material capable of allowing the escape of gases, especially at atmospheric pressure. For example, housings, cartridges, membranes, etc. may be formed from sintered metal, open cell foam, or other porous materials possessing sufficient structural integrity for the intended handling and use conditions. Here too, the porous material may be effectively sealed by a removable sealant such as a compression pack, strips, etc., in order to prevent any vapor leakage that may occur during storage.

[0075]第一和第二引诱剂都可以位于接近CO₂气体入口的位置，比如CO₂气体入口的下游。[0075] Both the first and second attractants may be located near the_CO2 gas inlet, such as downstream of the_CO2 gas inlet.

[0076]在本发明的一个实施方案中，氨气源是或者包括碳酸氢铵，化学式为NH₄HCO₃。[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, the source of ammonia is or includes ammonium bicarbonate with a chemical formula of NH₄ HCO₃ .

[0077]碳酸氢铵可以与惰性组分混合，所述惰性组分包括诸如粘合剂，以便形成颗粒。取决于壳体和其意欲用于的设备，可将颗粒压制成期望的形状。在一个实施方案中，碳酸氢铵引诱剂的形状基本与包括乳酸的第一引诱剂的形状相同，例如是基本的圆柱形。[0077] Ammonium bicarbonate may be mixed with inert components, including, for example, a binder, to form granules. Depending on the housing and the device for which it is intended, the pellets can be pressed into the desired shape. In one embodiment, the ammonium bicarbonate attractant has substantially the same shape as the first attractant comprising lactic acid, eg, substantially cylindrical.

[0078]使气流或二氧化碳气体经过碳酸氢铵将会产生气体氨、二氧化碳和水，产生的速度决定于空气或CO₂气流的流动速度，气流温度和接触的表面积。[0078] Passing a stream of gas or carbon dioxide gas over ammonium bicarbonate will generate the gases ammonia, carbon dioxide and water at a rate dependent on the velocity of the air or_CO stream, the temperature of the stream and the surface area contacted.

[0079]在本发明的一个实施方案中，第二化学引诱剂包括压缩或模制的碳酸氢铵、粘合剂和水的颗粒混合物。在一个实施方案中，全部基于混合物总重量计算，碳酸氢铵为约50％至约90％，例如约50％，约55％，约60％，约65％，约70％，约75％，约80％，约85％或约90％；粘合剂的量为约5％至约35％，例如约5％，约10％，约15％，约20％，约25％，约30％，或约35％；水的量为约3％至约20％，例如约3％，约5％，约10％，约15％，约20％。[0079] In one embodiment of the invention, the second chemoattractant comprises a compressed or molded particulate mixture of ammonium bicarbonate, binder and water. In one embodiment, ammonium bicarbonate is from about 50% to about 90%, all based on the total weight of the mixture, such as about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, About 80%, about 85% or about 90%; the amount of binder is about 5% to about 35%, such as about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30% , or about 35%; the amount of water is about 3% to about 20%, such as about 3%, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%.

[0080]可使用任何适合的常规惰性粘合剂。适合的粘合剂的实例包括如淀粉，蜡(如卡瑙巴蜡，蜜蜡)，低分子量水溶聚合物(如聚乙烯醇，聚(乙二醇))，纤维素和纤维素衍生物(如微晶纤维素，改性纤维素，纤维素醚，如烷基纤维素)，橡胶(如瓜尔胶，黄蓍胶)，脂肪酸和酯(如硬脂酸，烷基硬脂酸酯)，磷酸氢钙，甘露醇，果糖，木糖醇等等，以及本领域技术人员所熟知的粘合剂。水还提供了粘合功能。[0080] Any suitable conventional inert binder may be used. Examples of suitable binders include, for example, starches, waxes (e.g. canauba wax, beeswax), low molecular weight water-soluble polymers (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, poly(ethylene glycol)), cellulose and cellulose derivatives ( such as microcrystalline cellulose, modified cellulose, cellulose ethers such as alkyl cellulose), rubbers (such as guar gum, tragacanth), fatty acids and esters (such as stearic acid, alkyl stearates) , calcium hydrogen phosphate, mannitol, fructose, xylitol, etc., and binders well known to those skilled in the art. Water also provides a binding function.

[0081]氨气还可通过铵盐和碱反应产生。提供的所述铵盐和所述碱可以是各反应固体微细颗粒的均一或均质混合物。使用例如由CO₂气体的流动提供的或由其它外源提供的温热启动反应。在此，反应产物包括氨气和副产物水蒸汽。铵盐可以是无机铵盐或有机铵盐。可提及的无机铵盐实例是由卤化物、硫酸盐、硫化物、硝酸盐和磷酸盐制成的。醋酸铵是有机铵盐的代表。其他羧酸也可使用。可使用的碱的代表性实例包括强碱，如碱金属(例如钠、钾、锂)的；碱土金属(如钙)的氢氧化物；氧化物(如氧化钙)；碳酸盐(如碳酸钙)。[0081] Ammonia can also be produced by reacting an ammonium salt with a base. The ammonium salt and the base may be provided as a homogeneous or homogeneous mixture of finely divided particles of the respective reactive solids. The reaction is initiated using warm heat such as provided by the flow of_CO2 gas or provided by other external sources. Here, the reaction products include ammonia gas and by-product water vapor. Ammonium salts can be inorganic ammonium salts or organic ammonium salts. Examples of inorganic ammonium salts that may be mentioned are those made from halides, sulfates, sulfides, nitrates and phosphates. Ammonium acetate is representative of organic ammonium salts. Other carboxylic acids can also be used. Representative examples of bases that can be used include strong bases, such as those of alkali metals (e.g., sodium, potassium, lithium); hydroxides of alkaline earth metals (e.g., calcium); oxides (e.g., calcium oxide); carbonates (e.g., carbonate calcium).

[0082]通常，从经济角度考虑，选择氯化铵作铵盐和氧化钙(生石灰)，氢氧化钙(消石灰)或碳酸钙(石灰石)作碱是适宜的。应当指出，当选用碳酸钙时，碳酸铵以中间体形式形成，通常以大致比例为2∶1的碳酸氢铵和碳酸铵的混合物存在。如上所述，碳酸氢铵在与例如CO₂气体热流接触时就会分解为氨。氨基甲酸酯，一旦与空气或CO₂气体接触，也会转化为碳酸氢盐，并产生额外的氨气。[0082] Usually, from an economic point of view, it is suitable to select ammonium chloride as ammonium salt and calcium oxide (quick lime), calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) or calcium carbonate (limestone) as alkali. It should be noted that when calcium carbonate is chosen, ammonium carbonate is formed as an intermediate, usually as a mixture of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonate in an approximate ratio of 2:1. As mentioned above, ammonium bicarbonate decomposes to ammonia when it comes into contact with a hot stream of eg_CO2 gas. Carbamate, upon contact with air or_CO2 gas, also converts to bicarbonate with additional ammonia gas.

[0083]也可以使用任何液体或固体无机或有机铵化合物，该化合物一旦分解就会释放氨气。适合的铵化合物的实例包括，例如醋酸铵，苯甲酸铵，碳酸铵，碳酸铵/碳酸钪二盐一水合物，氯化铵，柠檬酸铵，二钠氨络五氰高铁酸(amminepentacyanoferrate)铵水合物(II)，亚铁(II)氰化铵水合物，甲酸铵，氢氧化铵(氨水)，柠檬酸氢铵，磷酸氢钙铵，硫酸氢铵，柠檬酸铁(III)铵，乳酸铵，硫酸镍(II)铵六水合物，草酸铌铵，硝酸铵，硝酸铵基体改性溶液，草酸铵一水合物，高氯酸铵，过硫酸铵，氨基磺酸铵，硫酸铵，硫化铵水溶液，硫化铵一水合物，和L-酒石酸铵。[0083] Any liquid or solid inorganic or organic ammonium compound that releases ammonia gas upon decomposition may also be used. Examples of suitable ammonium compounds include, for example, ammonium acetate, ammonium benzoate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium carbonate/scandium carbonate di-salt monohydrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium citrate, ammonium disodium amminepentacyanoferrate Hydrate (II), Ammonium Iron(II) Cyanide Hydrate, Ammonium Formate, Ammonium Hydroxide (Ammonia), Ammonium Bicitrate, Ammonium Calcium Phosphate, Ammonium Bisulfate, Ammonium Iron(III) Citrate, Lactic Acid Ammonium, ammonium nickel(II) sulfate hexahydrate, ammonium niobium oxalate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate matrix modification solution, ammonium oxalate monohydrate, ammonium perchlorate, ammonium persulfate, ammonium sulfamate, ammonium sulfate, sulfide Aqueous ammonium solution, ammonium sulfide monohydrate, and L-ammonium tartrate.

[0084]使用氨气本身也在本发明的范围之内，例如加压的氨气缸或适合溶剂中的氨溶液。[0084] It is also within the scope of the invention to use ammonia itself, such as a pressurized cylinder of ammonia or a solution of ammonia in a suitable solvent.

[0085]选择铵化合物或氨气可以取决于要使用引诱剂的地方的可用性。在发明的实施方案中，其中引诱物预期或者特别设计用在封闭的空间内，比如用户家，或烟熏或蒸汽预期与人或其它动物接触的其它地方，尤其重要的是包括分解产物的化学引诱物是无毒，不刺激且基本安全的。在发明的一个实施方案中，食品级乳酸和食品级碳酸氢铵作化学引诱剂使用。然而，可使用任何类似的引诱剂，所述引诱剂基本被认为对消费者和/或接触人和其它动物是安全的。[0085] The choice of ammonium compound or ammonia gas may depend on the availability of the place where the attractant is to be used. In embodiments of the invention where the attractant is intended or specially designed for use in an enclosed space, such as a user's home, or elsewhere where fumes or vapors are expected to come into contact with humans or other animals, it is especially important to include the chemical Attractants are non-toxic, non-irritating and generally safe. In one embodiment of the invention, food grade lactic acid and food grade ammonium bicarbonate are used as chemoattractants. However, any similar attractant that is generally considered safe for consumers and/or exposure to humans and other animals may be used.

[0086]在发明的另一个实施方案中，将视觉诱惑物用于协同地增强诱捕装置对飞虫的吸引力。例如，选择视觉昆虫诱惑物，以便提供被设计成引诱特定种类的飞虫的视觉线索。可以将所述视觉诱惑物设计成提供至少两种较大的反差颜色区。所述视觉诱惑物包括发光的黑色表面，高亮度镜面银表面，或洋红和银区域中的一种或多种。所述视觉诱惑物可以包括比例为约50∶50至约70∶30的洋红∶银区域。洋红∶银的比例为约60∶40至约70∶30。[0086] In another embodiment of the invention, visual attractants are used to synergistically enhance the attractiveness of the trap to flying insects. For example, visual insect lures are selected to provide visual cues designed to attract specific species of flying insects. The visual inducement may be designed to provide at least two large areas of contrasting colour. The visual allure includes one or more of a shiny black surface, a high gloss mirrored silver surface, or a magenta and silver area. The visual inducement may comprise a magenta:silver region in a ratio of about 50:50 to about 70:30. The ratio of magenta:silver is about 60:40 to about 70:30.

[0087]可以将所述视觉诱惑物设计成连接在诱捕装置上的几何形状。选择所述几何形状，以便专门诱捕特定的飞虫种类。例如，所述视觉诱惑物可以包括曲面和平面特征的组合。已经证实，彩色球体和锥体对某些飞虫具有诱惑力。不过，可以将很多形状设计成具有最大的表面积，以便将彩色诱惑物展现给昆虫，从而引诱易受影响的飞虫进入诱捕装置。[0087] The visual lure may be designed as a geometric shape attached to the decoy. The geometry is chosen to specifically trap specific species of flying insects. For example, the visual inducement may include a combination of curved and planar features. Colored spheres and cones have been shown to be attractive to certain flying insects. However, many shapes can be designed to have the greatest surface area in order to present the colorful lure to the insects, thereby luring susceptible flying insects into the trap.

[0088]视觉诱惑物还可以与诱捕装置的功能或结构特征整合。因而，视觉昆虫诱惑物可以包括一个或多个彩色昆虫诱捕部件的至少一部分，如直立的支腿、诱捕装置壳体、排气出口喷头和昆虫进入喷头。例如，诱捕装置可以包括被模制成具有洋红部分和银色部分的昆虫进入喷头，已经令人吃惊地证实了这种颜色方案具有出色的昆虫引诱能力。这种进入喷头与一种或多种化学引诱剂和CO₂排气烟羽的组合，能使飞虫诱捕装置具有特别高的昆虫捕获数量。[0088] Visual lures may also be integrated with functional or structural features of the decoy. Thus, the visual insect attractant may comprise at least a portion of one or more colored insect trap components, such as upstanding legs, trap housing, exhaust outlet nozzle and insect entry nozzle. For example, the trap may include an insect entry sprinkler molded with magenta and silver portions, a color scheme that has surprisingly demonstrated excellent insect attracting capabilities. The combination of this entry nozzle with one or more chemical attractants and a_CO2 exhaust plume enables fly traps with exceptionally high insect capture numbers.

[0089]根据本发明实施方案的水基凝胶状乳酸制备自食品级L(+)-乳酸水溶液。在发明的实施方案中，配制的产物能以相对高的速度在Mosquito Magnet^(American Biophysics Corp.的商标，RhodeIsland，U.S.)诱捕装置中释放L(+)-乳酸至少约3-4周的时间。[0089] Water-based gel-like lactic acid according to an embodiment of the present invention is prepared from an aqueous food-grade L(+)-lactic acid solution. In an embodiment of the invention, the product is formulated to release L(+)-lactic acid in a Mosquito^Magnet( R) (trademark of American Biophysics Corp., Rhode Island, US) trap at a relatively high rate for a period of at least about 3-4 weeks .

[0090]可通过L(+)-乳酸溶液与UV-固化性水溶液混合，并且在紫外线(UV)照射下使整个溶液形成胶凝化网络(L(+)-乳酸凝胶)，来形成凝胶产物。在L(+)-乳酸和形成的胶凝结构之间不存在化学连接。换句话说，在L(+)-乳酸和所述胶凝化网络之间不存在化学键。因此，L(+)-乳酸能够根据如环境温度，化学引诱剂暴露给环境的表面积等等以需要的速度从L(+)-乳酸凝胶中自由地释放出来。[0090] The gel can be formed by mixing the L(+)-lactic acid solution with the UV-curable aqueous solution and making the entire solution form a gelled network (L(+)-lactic acid gel) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Glue products. There is no chemical linkage between L(+)-lactic acid and the gelled structure formed. In other words, there is no chemical bond between L(+)-lactic acid and the gelling network. Thus, L(+)-lactic acid can be freely released from the L(+)-lactic acid gel at a desired rate depending on, for example, the ambient temperature, the surface area of the chemoattractant exposed to the environment, and the like.

[0091]在本发明的一个实施方案中，可将L(+)-乳酸凝胶插入药筒内或在药筒内成形。[0091] In one embodiment of the invention, the L(+)-lactic acid gel may be inserted into or formed within a cartridge.

[0092]在本发明的实施方案中，将水凝胶层置于L(+)-乳酸凝胶下面，它作为贮水池，连续向L(+)-乳酸凝胶供水，以便维持需要的释放速度和时间。[0092] In an embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogel layer is placed under the L(+)-lactic acid gel, which serves as a reservoir for continuously supplying water to the L(+)-lactic acid gel in order to maintain the desired release speed and time.

[0093]表1示出用于生产本发明各实施方案的乳酸凝胶的代表性化合物。[0093] Table 1 shows representative compounds used to produce lactic acid gels according to various embodiments of the invention.

                                                        表1 Table 1

化学名称 Chemical Name 商业名称或商标名称 business or brand name 功能 Function 生产商 manufacturer L(+)-乳酸水溶液(88wt％)；L(+)-乳酸水溶液(80wt％) L(+)-Lactic acid aqueous solution (88wt%); L(+)-Lactic acid aqueous solution (80wt%) Purac^FCC 88Purac^SalanicPurac^® FCC 88 Purac^® Salanic 蚊子引诱剂 mosquito attractant PURAC America，Inc. PURAC America, Inc. 聚乙二醇600二丙烯酸酯(100％) Polyethylene Glycol 600 Diacrylate (100%) SR610，丙烯酸酯 SR610, Acrylic 交联剂 crosslinking agent Sartomer Company，Inc. Sartomer Company, Inc. 2，2-二甲氧基-1，2-二苯基乙-1-酮(100％) 2,2-Dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one (100%) Irgacure^651(Ciba^)Irgacure^(R) 651 (Ciba^(R )) 光引发剂 Photoinitiator Ciba SpecialtyChemicals Corp. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp. 氧化膦(50％) Phosphine oxide (50%) Ciba^Irgacure^819 DWCiba^(R) Irgacure^(R) 819 DW 光引发剂 Photoinitiator Ciba SpecialtyChemicals Corp. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp. 蒸馏水 distilled water 稀释剂 Thinner Culligan Water Culligan Water 丙烯酸(99％) Acrylic (99%) 用于制备丙烯酸钠的反应物 Reactants for the preparation of sodium acrylate Aldrich ChemicalCo.，Inc. Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc. 氢氧化钠，3mm薄片(98％) Sodium hydroxide, 3mm flakes (98%) 用于制备丙烯酸钠的反应物 Reactants for the preparation of sodium acrylate Aldrich ChemicalCo.，Inc. Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc.

[0094]可通过在塑料容器，如高密度聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或其它惰性塑料内，将表1成分混合，按照下述顺序搅拌：SR 610，Irgacure 651/丙酮溶液，乳酸溶液和水，来制备含有上述乳酸凝胶配方的各药筒。Can be by in plastic container, as high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate or other inert plastics, table 1 composition is mixed, stir according to following order: SR 610, Irgacure 651 / acetone solution, lactic acid solution and water to prepare cartridges containing the above lactic acid gel formulation.

[0095]首先制备丙酮中的Irgacure 651溶液，将所得溶液保存在暗处，如茶色瓶密封容器内直到准备使用。光引发剂与丙酮的重量比在约5到约25％，或约10到约20％范围内。First prepare the Irgacure 651 solution in acetone, and the gained solution is kept in a dark place, such as in a brown bottle sealed container until ready to use. The weight ratio of photoinitiator to acetone ranges from about 5 to about 25%, or from about 10 to about 20%.

[0096]在本发明的一个实施方案中，以真空成形和热密封方法，用透明的PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)薄膜生产药筒。所述药筒能够以特定速度通过所述药筒表面上的孔释放L(+)-乳酸。通过所述孔的大小和数量控制L(+)-乳酸从所述药筒中释放的速度。在本发明的一个实施方案中，在药筒表面上有一个孔；所述孔的直径为约0.14英寸。利用诸如由铝箔和可热密封的塑料薄膜组成的多层胶带密封所述药筒的释放表面。还可以用密封部件来标记所述药筒。[0096] In one embodiment of the invention, the cartridges are produced from transparent PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film in a vacuum forming and heat sealing process. The cartridge is capable of releasing L(+)-lactic acid at a specific rate through pores on the surface of the cartridge. The rate at which L(+)-lactic acid is released from the cartridge is controlled by the size and number of the pores. In one embodiment of the invention, there is an aperture in the surface of the cartridge; the aperture is about 0.14 inches in diameter. The release surface of the cartridge is sealed with, for example, a multi-layered adhesive tape consisting of aluminum foil and heat-sealable plastic film. The cartridge may also be marked with a sealing member.

[0097]在一个实施方案中，首先制备丙烯酸钠溶液。丙烯酸钠是UV-可固化水溶液的一个实例，并且丙烯酸钠和乳酸的水溶液在与诸如SR 610(它是双功能交联剂的一个实例，并且该分子中的两个双键是官能团)的二或三官能性交联剂在加热或UV-照射条件下起反应时，能形成凝胶状结构。可以通过使氢氧化钠和丙烯酸起反应制备丙烯酸钠，其中氢氧化钠和丙烯酸都很容易从多个生产商那里购买。可选地，可使用商业化生产的丙烯酸钠，而不用原地生成。[0097] In one embodiment, a sodium acrylate solution is first prepared. Sodium acrylate is an example of a UV-curable aqueous solution, and an aqueous solution of sodium acrylate and lactic acid is used in combination with a difunctional crosslinker such as SR 610 (which is an example of a bifunctional crosslinker and the two double bonds in the molecule are functional groups). Or a trifunctional crosslinking agent can form a gel-like structure when reacted under heating or UV-irradiation conditions. Sodium acrylate can be prepared by reacting sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid, both of which are readily available from several manufacturers. Alternatively, commercially produced sodium acrylate can be used rather than generated in situ.

[0098]可用UV-固化系统(例如，由Fusion UV Systems，Inc.生产的Fusion F300S-6，它包括UV灯和输送带)实现紫外固化。[0098] UV curing can be achieved with a UV-curing system (eg, Fusion F300S-6 produced by Fusion UV Systems, Inc., which includes a UV lamp and a conveyor belt).

[0099]用表2中示出的成分和比例制备丙烯酸钠溶液(在蒸馏水中，35.5wt％)。通过控制反应剂的量和改变反应溶液的pH值，决定该反应的结束。新制备的丙烯酸钠水溶液(35.5wt％)的pH为8-9(用pH试纸测定)。由于氢氧化钠和丙烯酸都是强腐蚀性的，并且该反应是高度放热的，所以可以在冷水浴中进行该反应。不过，用于生产丙烯酸钠的任何方法都属于本发明的范围。另外，已经证实还可以使用可商购的丙烯酸钠。[0099] A sodium acrylate solution (35.5% by weight in distilled water) was prepared with the ingredients and ratios shown in Table 2. By controlling the amount of reactants and changing the pH value of the reaction solution, the end of the reaction is determined. The pH of the freshly prepared sodium acrylate aqueous solution (35.5 wt %) is 8-9 (measured with pH test paper). Since both sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid are highly corrosive, and the reaction is highly exothermic, the reaction can be performed in a cold water bath. However, any method for producing sodium acrylate is within the scope of the present invention. In addition, it has been confirmed that commercially available sodium acrylate can also be used.

[00100]                  表2[00100] Table 2

    化学物质 Chemical material     参考重量(克)   Reference weight (grams)     重量％ weight%     氢氧化钠 Sodium hydroxide     40.0 40.0     15.1 15.1     蒸馏水 distilled water     153.0 153.0     57.7 57.7     丙烯酸 Acrylic     72.0 72.0     27.2 27.2     总计 Total     265.0 265.0     100.0 100.0

[00101]将氢氧化钠薄片(40.0克)溶解在蒸馏水(153.0克)中，制备氢氧化钠溶液，然后搅拌下逐渐添加到丙烯酸(72.0克)中。用pH计测定最终溶液的pH。丙烯酸钠(94.0克)在最终溶液中的浓度为35.5％重量。[00101] A sodium hydroxide solution was prepared by dissolving sodium hydroxide flakes (40.0 grams) in distilled water (153.0 grams), which was then gradually added to acrylic acid (72.0 grams) with stirring. The pH of the final solution was measured with a pH meter. The concentration of sodium acrylate (94.0 g) in the final solution was 35.5% by weight.

[00102]在发明的一个实施方案中，乳酸凝胶引诱物具有双相结构，它包括L(+)-乳酸凝胶(如位于药筒的顶部)和水-凝胶(如位于药筒的底部)。L(+)-乳酸凝胶和水凝胶的适合组分示于表3中。为了制备L(+)-乳酸凝胶和水-凝胶，首先在容器中搅拌丙烯酸钠溶液，按顺序将水(如果需要的话)、L(+)-乳酸、SR 610和Irgacure 651依次添加进去。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，用不同的用量和方法生产类似的L(+)-乳酸凝胶和水凝胶是可行的。[00102] In one embodiment of the invention, the lactic acid gel attractant has a biphasic structure comprising L(+)-lactic acid gel (eg, at the top of the cartridge) and a hydro-gel (eg, at the top of the cartridge). bottom). Suitable components for L(+)-lactic acid gels and hydrogels are shown in Table 3. To prepare L(+)-lactic acid gels and hydro-gels, first stir the sodium acrylate solution in a container, add water (if needed), L(+)-lactic acid, SR 610 and Irgacure 651 in sequence . Those skilled in the art can understand that it is feasible to produce similar L(+)-lactic acid gels and hydrogels with different dosages and methods.

[00103]                             表3[00103] Table 3

化学物质 Chemical material     水-凝胶(wt％)  Water-gel (wt%)     L(+)-乳酸凝胶(wt％)  L(+)-Lactic acid gel (wt%) 丙烯酸钠溶液(35.5wt％) Sodium Acrylate Solution (35.5wt%)     47.0 47.0     37.0 37.0 L(+)-乳酸(Purac^FCC 88)L(+)-lactic acid (Purac^(R) FCC 88)     3.4 3.4     59.6 59.6 SR 610 SR 610     3.4 3.4     2.4 2.4 Irgacure 651溶液 Irgacure 651 solution     1.2 1.2     1.0 1.0 蒸馏水 distilled water     45.0 45.0 总计 total     100.0 100.0     100.0 100.0

[00104]可以选择药筒中的L(+)-乳酸凝胶和水凝胶的量，以获得最高的释放速度和使用寿命。在一个实施方案中，11g的L(+)-乳酸凝胶和3.5克的水凝胶表现出14天的高于10mg/hr的释放速度，以及外加6天的4mg/hr-9mg/hr的释放速度(在约90下)。增加水凝胶的用量能够导致3周以上的高于10mg/hr的释放速度。[00104] The amount of L(+)-lactic acid gel and hydrogel in the cartridge can be selected to obtain the highest release rate and lifetime. In one embodiment, 11 g of L(+)-lactic acid gel and 3.5 g of hydrogel exhibited a release rate greater than 10 mg/hr for 14 days, and an additional 6 days of 4 mg/hr-9 mg/hr Release rate (at about 90°F). Increasing the amount of hydrogel can lead to a release rate higher than 10 mg/hr over 3 weeks.

[00105]乳酸溶液可以(以及水凝胶溶液当使用时)通过直接向塑料药筒添加组分，并使所述药筒从紫外线或热源下面通过而胶凝。在一个实施方案中，使用具有D-灯泡的紫外灯，进行UV-A和UV-V辐射。在另一个实施方案中，使所述药筒在输送带上以约10英尺/分钟的速度从紫外线或热源下面通过。如果同时使用乳酸凝胶形成溶液和水凝胶形成溶液，首先形成水-凝胶，使L(+)-乳酸凝胶溶液分配在所述药筒中的水凝胶顶部，然后使所述L(+)-乳酸凝胶溶液固化。将可热密封的胶带应用在药筒或每个药筒表面上的所有开口，并包装在不透气包裹材料中，以便运送给消费者。属于本发明范围的是，在所述水凝胶溶液固化之前或期间固化所述L(+)-乳酸凝胶溶液。同样属于本发明范围的是，所述L(+)-乳酸凝胶溶液和水凝胶溶液是分别固化的，并且任选在随后的步骤中组装。[00105] Lactic acid solutions can (and hydrogel solutions when used) be gelled by adding the components directly to a plastic cartridge and passing the cartridge under ultraviolet light or a heat source. In one embodiment, UV-A and UV-V radiation is performed using a UV lamp with a D-bulb. In another embodiment, the cartridge is passed under the ultraviolet or heat source on a conveyor belt at a speed of about 10 feet per minute. If a lactic acid gel-forming solution and a hydrogel-forming solution are used simultaneously, the hydro-gel is formed first, the L(+)-lactic acid gel solution is dispensed on top of the hydrogel in the cartridge, and the L(+)- +) - Lactic acid gel solution solidifies. A heat sealable tape is applied to all openings on the surface of the cartridge or each cartridge and packaged in an air impermeable wrapping material for shipment to the consumer. It is within the scope of the present invention that the L(+)-lactic acid gel solution is cured before or during curing of the hydrogel solution. It is also within the scope of the invention that the L(+)-lactic acid gel solution and the hydrogel solution are cured separately and optionally assembled in a subsequent step.

[00106]所述液体L(+)-乳酸和水限制在所述胶凝化网络中，但是，如前所提到的，不与该胶凝化网络结合。[00106] The liquid L(+)-lactic acid and water are confined within the gelled network, but, as previously mentioned, are not bound to the gelled network.

[00107]在本发明的另一个实施方案中，形成凝胶的固化反应仅用可固化的多不饱和化合物进行，而不用可光固化的单不饱和化合物如丙烯酸钠。在此情况下，例如多不饱和组分就会提供足够的自由基，以便形成三维网状结构，该三维结构显现为捕获乳酸溶液的凝胶化结构。所述乳酸溶液含有充足的水，但分开的水凝胶层可能不需要。而在本发明的另一个实施方案中，提供的引诱剂包括乳酸源和氨气源，或包括乳酸源不包括氨气源，其中乳酸源包括在实质不含丙烯酸酯部分的聚合凝胶中的乳酸水溶液，其中实质不合丙烯酸酯部分意思是指用于制备凝胶网络的聚合物不具有丙烯酸酯部分或者仅在某些或所有聚合物末端具有丙烯酸酯部分，而所述丙烯酸酯部分在形成聚合凝胶中对所述聚合物交联是有用的。与从丙烯酸单体或含有实质量的丙烯酸酯部分的聚合物形成的聚合凝胶相比，所述实施方案的优点在于，减少了引诱剂中的丙烯酸酯部分的量，从而降低了某些丙烯酸酯部分和其副产物的驱避效力。[00107] In another embodiment of the invention, the curing reaction to form the gel is carried out with only curable polyunsaturated compounds and not with photocurable monounsaturated compounds such as sodium acrylate. In this case, for example, polyunsaturated components provide enough free radicals to form a three-dimensional network that appears as a gelled structure that traps the lactic acid solution. The lactic acid solution contains sufficient water, but may not be required for a separate hydrogel layer. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, an attractant is provided comprising a source of lactic acid and a source of ammonia gas, or comprising a source of lactic acid and no source of ammonia gas, wherein the source of lactic acid is included in a polymeric gel substantially free of acrylate moieties. Aqueous lactic acid solutions wherein substantially free of acrylate moieties means that the polymers used to prepare the gel network have no acrylate moieties or acrylate moieties only at some or all of the polymer It is useful to crosslink the polymers in the gel. Compared to polymeric gels formed from acrylic acid monomers or polymers containing substantial amounts of acrylate moieties, the described embodiments have the advantage of reducing the amount of acrylate moieties in the attractant, thereby reducing some of the acrylic acid moieties. Repellent efficacy of ester moieties and their by-products.

[00108]例如，可用示于下表4中的组分制备根据本发明的实施方案的含乳酸的凝胶化学引诱剂引诱物。[00108] For example, a lactic acid-containing gel chemoattractant attractant according to an embodiment of the present invention may be prepared with the components shown in Table 4 below.

[00109]                           表4[00109] Table 4

组分 components     Wt％ Wt%     每个药筒中的重量(g)   Weight in each cartridge (g) Purac^Sanilac(80％溶液)Purac^(R) Sanilac (80% solution)     44.21 44.21     6.10 6.10 SR 610 SR 610     15.00 15.00     2.07 2.07 Irgacure 651(丙酮中18.2％) Irgacure 651 (18.2% in acetone)     1.10 1.10     0.15 0.15 蒸馏水 distilled water     39.69 39.69     5.48 5.48 总计 total     100.00 100.00     13.80 13.80

[00110]用上述配方制备凝胶的方法基本与前面描述的相同。例如，将组分加到合适的容器内，如塑料药筒(如聚乙烯或聚丙烯)，同时搅拌，按顺序将SR 610，Irgacure 651，乳酸溶液和水依次添加进去。在所述药筒中，将得到的混合物进行UV固化。对所述药筒进行热密封，以封上药筒的所有开口。[00110] The method of preparing the gel using the above formulation is essentially the same as previously described. For example, add the components into a suitable container, such as a plastic cartridge (such as polyethylene or polypropylene), and while stirring, add SR 610, Irgacure 651, lactic acid solution and water in sequence. In the cartridge, the resulting mixture was subjected to UV curing. The cartridge is heat sealed to seal all openings of the cartridge.

[00111]可以选择光引发剂的量(配方中为约0.2％，示于上述表4中)，以获得所需水平的多不饱和组分的双键分解，从而获得所需水平的交联和凝胶化。Irgacure制造商推荐，根据具体的应用，“651”的量在约0.5至约6重量％。然而，在本发明此实施方案中已经发现使用较少量(约0.2％)仍然能诱导一定程度的交联和凝胶化，获得具有保存能力的凝胶，该凝胶至少能基本稳定地保留凝胶中的乳酸溶液，在数周至数月的贮存过程中不会发生泄漏。凝胶的液体保存能力可以很容易地通过包括反复试验的常规方法进行测定。[00111] The amount of photoinitiator (approximately 0.2% in the formulation, as shown in Table 4 above) can be selected to obtain the desired level of double bond breakdown of the polyunsaturated component and thus the desired level of crosslinking and gelling. The manufacturer of Irgacure recommends that "651" be present in an amount of about 0.5 to about 6% by weight, depending on the particular application. However, in this embodiment of the invention it has been found that use of lower amounts (about 0.2%) can still induce some degree of cross-linking and gelation, resulting in a gel with storage capacity which remains at least substantially stable. The lactic acid solution in the gel will not leak during storage for weeks to months. The liquid retention capacity of gels can be readily determined by routine methods involving trial and error.

[00112]尽管所用的L(+)-乳酸凝胶和水-凝胶是利用UV-活性聚合分子(丙烯酸盐)在形成自由基的固化光引发剂的帮助下形成的，但本领域普通技术人员众所周知的是，所述凝胶可以通过其它方法生产。例如，凝胶可以通过以下方法形成：加聚、缩聚、碳阳离子聚合、自由基离子聚合、阴离子聚合和有机金属聚合。所使用的单体也可以改变，并且包括取代的或未取代的链烷，取代的或未取代的链烯，取代的或未取代的炔，取代的或未取代的二烯，取代的或未取代的糖类，取代的或未取代的核苷酸，取代的或未取代的脂类，和取代的或未取代的聚氨酯。在很多标准化合物上添加诸如卤基-，氨基-，氧-，羟基-，硫基-，硝基-，烷氧基-，芳氧基-的基团可以导致它们适合聚合反应。凝胶聚合物可以是天然的(例如，胶乳)或合成的(例如，尼龙和聚氯乙烯PVC)。凝胶还可以通过其他非聚合反应形成，例如，酸-碱反应，沉淀反应和取代反应。[00112] Although the L(+)-lactic acid gels and hydro-gels used are formed using UV-active polymeric molecules (acrylates) with the help of free-radical-forming curing photoinitiators, ordinary skill in the art It is well known to the person that the gel can be produced by other methods. For example, gels can be formed by polyaddition, polycondensation, carbocationic, radical ionic, anionic, and organometallic polymerizations. The monomers used can also vary and include substituted or unsubstituted alkanes, substituted or unsubstituted alkenes, substituted or unsubstituted alkynes, substituted or unsubstituted dienes, substituted or unsubstituted Substituted carbohydrates, substituted or unsubstituted nucleotides, substituted or unsubstituted lipids, and substituted or unsubstituted polyurethanes. The addition of groups such as halo-, amino-, oxo-, hydroxy-, thio-, nitro-, alkoxy-, aryloxy- to many standard compounds can render them suitable for polymerization. Gel polymers can be natural (eg, latex) or synthetic (eg, nylon and PVC). Gels can also be formed by other non-polymeric reactions, for example, acid-base reactions, precipitation reactions and substitution reactions.

[00113]除了紫外线之外，还可以通过多种手段引发、控制和终止聚合反应，这些手段包括加热、冷却、自由基、可见光、红外(IR)线、β辐射和γ辐射。[00113] In addition to ultraviolet light, polymerization reactions can be initiated, controlled, and terminated by a variety of means, including heating, cooling, free radicals, visible light, infrared (IR) radiation, beta radiation, and gamma radiation.

[00114]根据本发明还可以使用其他形式的固体，半固体或液体乳酸。例如，可以使用熔结的乳酸代替乳酸凝胶或与乳酸凝胶组合使用。同样属于本发明范围的是，所述引诱剂包括凝胶形式的乳酸和熔结形式的另一种引诱剂或熔结形式的乳酸与凝胶形式的另一种引诱剂。[00114] Other forms of solid, semi-solid or liquid lactic acid may also be used in accordance with the present invention. For example, sintered lactic acid may be used instead of or in combination with lactic acid gel. It is also within the scope of the invention that the attractant comprises lactic acid in gel form and another attractant in sintered form or lactic acid in sintered form and another attractant in gel form.

[00115]下面是制备碳酸氢铵的代表性实例，根据本发明的实施方案，碳酸氢铵作产生氨气的化学引诱剂。[00115] The following is a representative example of the preparation of ammonium bicarbonate, which acts as a chemoattractant for the generation of ammonia gas, according to an embodiment of the invention.

[00116]制备下述配方：[00116] The following formulations were prepared:

         表5 table 5

组分components量(wt％)Amount (wt%) 碳酸氢铵¹Ammonium bicarbonate¹ 75 75 淀粉²Starch² 16.5 16.5 蒸馏水 distilled water 8.5 8.5

¹获自Church & Dwight，Inc.的″ammonium bicarbona te-treated″¹ "ammonium bicarbona te-treated" available from Church & Dwight, Inc.

²获自National Starch & Chemical Corp.的National^ 1215² National^(R) 1215 available from National Starch & Chemical Corp.

[00117]为了制备上述配制剂，以任何顺序或同时将碳酸氢铵粉末和淀粉粉末加到混合器中，高速搅拌下缓慢加入水，形成松散的湿性颗粒。然后将所述颗粒加料至制模器桶内，模制单个型产品，如圆柱形。[00117] To prepare the above formulation, ammonium bicarbonate powder and starch powder are added to a mixer in any order or simultaneously, and water is slowly added with high speed stirring to form loose wet granules. The pellets are then fed into the barrel of a molder to mold individual shaped products, such as cylinders.

[00118]在本发明的一个实施方案中，适合与如上所述的乳酸凝胶产物一起使用，单个型产品的重量为约12至约50克，直径约0.5至约1.5英寸，长度约1.5至约3.5英寸。[00118] In one embodiment of the invention, suitable for use with a lactic acid gel product as described above, the individual product weighs from about 12 to about 50 grams, has a diameter of about 0.5 to about 1.5 inches, and a length of about 1.5 to About 3.5 inches.

[00119]图1显示了昆虫诱捕装置的实例，以附图标记10表示，装置10可以与由附图标记12表示的引诱剂系统一起使用。图1显示的装置10是MOSQUITO MAGNET LIBERTY，描述在2002年10月4日申请的美国专利申请No.2003/0084604 A1中。引诱剂系统12还可以与其它任何类型的昆虫诱捕装置一起使用，如其它燃烧型，和非燃烧型昆虫诱捕装置，如CDC光诱捕装置。可以参考其它阐释该装置实例的专利/申请：美国专利申请No.6,286,249，No.6,145,243，和2003年5月27日申请的美国专利申请No.10/445,245；2003年5月27日申请的No.10/445,199；和2003年10月17日申请的No.10/686,815。将上面提及的各专利申请或本申请其它位置提及的其它专利申请的全部内容引入本申请以供参考。[00119] FIG. 1 shows an example of an insect trapping device, indicated at 10, which may be used with an attractant system, indicated at 12. Thedevice 10 shown in Figure 1 is a MOSQUITO MAGNET LIBERTY, described in US Patent Application No. 2003/0084604 Al, filed October 4, 2002. Theattractant system 12 can also be used with any other type of insect trapping device, such as other combustion type, and non-combustible insect trapping devices, such as CDC light trapping devices. Reference can be made to other patents/applications illustrating examples of such devices: U.S. Patent Application Nos. .10/445,199; and No. 10/686,815 filed October 17, 2003. The entire contents of each of the patent applications mentioned above, or other patent applications mentioned elsewhere in this application, are incorporated into this application by reference.

[00120]诱捕装置10包括支架14，在该支架14内部装有燃烧装置(未示出)。该燃烧装置与丙烷罐(未示出)通过常规调节器连接，燃烧器的功能是催化燃烧丙烷以产生废气。所述废气具有较高的CO₂含量，并且含有催化反应产生的湿气。有关该装置的进一步细节可在上面提及的专利/申请中找到。废气从出口管16向外流动，该出口管16限定了朝下的出口孔18。这样可以使废气从出口孔18向下流动，然后从装置10扩散出去。对CO₂高度敏感的蚊子和其它昆虫就会被吸引到烟羽，并且寻着所述烟羽追踪它的源，即所述的出口孔18。[00120] Thetrapping device 10 includes aframe 14 within which a combustion device (not shown) is housed. The burner is connected to a propane tank (not shown) through a conventional regulator, and the function of the burner is to catalytically burn the propane to produce exhaust gas. The exhaust gas has a high_CO2 content and contains moisture from catalytic reactions. Further details on this device can be found in the above mentioned patents/applications. Exhaust gas flows outwardly from anoutlet duct 16 which defines a downwardly facingoutlet aperture 18 . This allows the exhaust gas to flow downwardly from theoutlet aperture 18 and diffuse out of thedevice 10 . Mosquitoes and other insects, which are highly sensitive to CO₂ , are attracted to the plume and follow the plume to its source, theexit hole 18 .

[00121]出口管16同心地安装在入口管20内部，入口管20具有朝下的环形开孔22。入口管20和入口孔22与风扇型的气流产生器(未示出)连通，所述风扇安装在支架14内。风扇通过入口孔22和入口管20抽入进入气流。进入气流靠近流出气流而且与其方向相反，以便将被流出气流吸引并且向流出开口18飞的昆虫抽入入口孔22和入口管20内。典型地，大多数昆虫将沿着流出气流上部边缘而行，因此将进入气流设置成使得进入气流与流出气流反向，而且进入气流靠近流出气流的上部边缘有利于捕获这些昆虫。[00121] Theoutlet tube 16 is mounted concentrically inside theinlet tube 20, which has anannular opening 22 facing downwards. Theinlet duct 20 and theinlet hole 22 communicate with a fan-type air flow generator (not shown), which is installed in thebracket 14 . A fan draws the incoming airflow throughinlet aperture 22 andinlet duct 20 . The incoming airflow is close to and opposite to the outgoing airflow so as to draw insects attracted by the outgoing airflow and flying towards theoutflow opening 18 into theinlet aperture 22 andinlet tube 20 . Typically, most insects will follow the upper edge of the outgoing airflow, so positioning the incoming airflow so that the incoming airflow is opposite the outgoing airflow, and that the incoming airflow is close to the upper edge of the outgoing airflow facilitates the capture of these insects.

[00122]昆虫诱捕室(未示出)也安装在所述支架14内。所述昆虫诱捕室可以在风扇的下游或者上游，但每种情况下风扇都能使进入气流流进所述昆虫诱捕室内。所述昆虫诱捕室可以具有任何结构，装置10中显示的结构是网眼袋子。由于进入气流流到所述昆虫诱捕室内，同进入气流一起被吸入的昆虫就被捕获。一旦被捕获，它们被留下由于脱水/饥饿而最终死亡，或在所述昆虫诱捕室内使用毒药。同样，所述诱捕装置10可利用电死系统杀死昆虫。作为替代杀死昆虫的另一种选择，可将所述诱捕装置10与从诱捕装置10捕获的活昆虫一起用于科学研究目的。[00122] An insect trapping chamber (not shown) is also mounted within saidframe 14. The insect trapping chamber may be downstream or upstream of the fan, but in each case the fan is capable of causing an incoming air flow into the insect trapping chamber. The insect trapping chamber can be of any structure, the structure shown indevice 10 is a mesh bag. As the incoming air flows into the insect trapping chamber, the insects sucked together with the incoming air are captured. Once captured, they are left to eventually die from dehydration/starvation, or poison is used in the insect trapping chamber. Likewise, thetrap 10 may utilize an electrocution system to kill insects. As an alternative to killing insects, thetrap 10 may be used for scientific research purposes with live insects captured from thetrap 10 .

[00123]将引诱剂系统12设计成安装到所述装置10的出口管16内。但也可以把所述系统12设计成安装在其它任何类型装置的出口管内，或者其它任何类型装置上的任何位置上。通常，所述引诱剂系统可以是任何构造或结构，而且并不限于本文所实例的引诱剂系统。[00123] Theattractant system 12 is designed to fit within theoutlet tube 16 of thedevice 10. However, thesystem 12 can also be designed to be installed in the outlet pipe of any other type of device, or at any location on any other type of device. In general, the attractant system can be of any configuration or structure and is not limited to the attractant system exemplified herein.

[00124]为了提供所述系统12的接收，将容器24安装在出口管16内。为了方便，有关所述引诱剂系统12或所述容器24的方向参考关于它们在所述装置10内安装的方向。[00124] To provide for reception of thesystem 12, acontainer 24 is mounted within theoutlet tube 16. For convenience, reference is made to the orientation with respect to theattractant system 12 or thecontainer 24 with respect to their installation within thedevice 10 .

[00125]容器24还可作为所述装置10的原配部件，或者作为改进配套工具销售。所述容器24示于图3-7中。一般所述容器24是狭长型，带有有一个封闭的圆形上部端帽26，底端是一个环形圈28，限定了向下的开口30。四个伸长部件32在端帽26和环28之间纵向延伸，以将端帽26和环28连接在一起，尽管可使用任何数量的所述部件32。一般这些部件32相互平行，其间限定了许多纵向延伸的缝隙34。这种结构限定了具有开口端(即开口30)的内部空间。该空间的截面形状沿着在环28和端帽26之间的容器24的长度基本上一致(选取的截面基本垂直于容器24的纵向方向)。[00125] Thecontainer 24 may also be sold as an original component of thedevice 10, or as a retrofit kit. Thecontainer 24 is shown in Figures 3-7. Thecontainer 24 is generally elongate in shape with a closed circularupper end cap 26 and anannular ring 28 at the bottom end defining adownward opening 30 . Fourelongate members 32 extend longitudinally betweenend cap 26 andring 28 to connectend cap 26 andring 28 together, although any number ofsuch members 32 may be used. Thesemembers 32 are generally parallel to one another and define a plurality of longitudinally extendingslots 34 therebetween. This structure defines an interior space with an open end (ie, opening 30). The cross-sectional shape of the space is substantially uniform along the length of thecontainer 24 between thering 28 and the end cap 26 (the cross-section is taken substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the container 24).

[00126]容器24还具有许多翼36，所述翼36从部件32向外延伸，每对相对的成对部件32都有一个从其向外延伸的杆38。杆38有内部镗孔40，装置10的出口管16有一对完全相反的紧固件接收孔42。为了将容器24安装到出口管16内，容器24被插到管16内，将杆38的内部镗孔40对准管16的紧固件接受孔42。诸如螺钉44的紧固件穿过孔42插到镗孔40内，以将容器24固定在管16内。将翼36构造成使它们啮合出口管16的内表面，从而将容器24稳定在出口管16内部。翼36还可以在容器24主体和出口管16的内表面之间产生空间，以便允许流出气流在容器24周围流动并流过该容器。然而，本发明并不限于这种安装布置方式，可以使用其它任何适合安装容器24的方式。[00126] Thecontainer 24 also has a plurality ofwings 36 extending outwardly from themembers 32, with each opposing pair ofmembers 32 having astem 38 extending outwardly therefrom. Therod 38 has aninternal bore 40 and theoutlet tube 16 of thedevice 10 has a pair of diametrically opposed fastener receiving holes 42 . To install thecontainer 24 into theoutlet tube 16 , thecontainer 24 is inserted into thetube 16 aligning theinternal bore 40 of therod 38 with the fastener receiving hole 42 of thetube 16 . Fasteners such as screws 44 are inserted through holes 42 intobores 40 to securecontainer 24 withintube 16 . Thewings 36 are configured such that they engage the inner surface of theoutlet tube 16 to stabilize thecontainer 24 inside theoutlet tube 16 .Wings 36 may also create a space between the body ofvessel 24 and the inner surface ofoutlet tube 16 to allow the effluent flow to flow around and throughvessel 24 . However, the present invention is not limited to this mounting arrangement, and any other suitable mounting arrangement forcontainer 24 may be used.

[00127]在示例性实施方案中，将容器24整体模制成单件塑料部件。这由于成本节约是优选的。但容器24可以以任何适合的方式制造，而且可以采用任何构造和形状。提供的示例性容器24是用于阐明目的而且并不限于此。[00127] In the exemplary embodiment,container 24 is integrally molded as a single piece plastic part. This is preferred due to cost savings. However,container 24 may be manufactured in any suitable manner and may take any configuration and shape. Theexemplary container 24 is provided for purposes of illustration and is not limiting.

[00128]环28具有与壁32的外表面相匹配的内径。第一对完全相反的壁32沿环28内表面延伸一小段距离。所述环28有一对完全相反的调整翼片接收开口46。这些开口46在上述第一对完全相反的壁32的轴向上，并与所述壁32的末端隔开。第二对完全反向的壁32沿环28内表面的整个轴长延伸，并且在其末端围出了许多脊48。这种结构安排可以由图4-7来理解。[00128]Ring 28 has an inner diameter that matches the outer surface ofwall 32. A first pair of diametricallyopposed walls 32 extends along the inner surface ofring 28 for a short distance. Thering 28 has a pair of diametrically opposed trimtab receiving openings 46 . Theseopenings 46 are in the axial direction of the aforementioned first pair of diametricallyopposed walls 32 and are spaced from the ends of saidwalls 32 . The second pair of diametricallyopposed walls 32 extend along the entire axial length of the inner surface ofring 28 and enclose a plurality of ridges 48 at their ends. This structural arrangement can be understood from Figures 4-7.

[00129]引诱剂系统12有一个伸长的基本圆柱形壳体50。该壳体50有一个上端壁52，一个下端壁54，和一个中间壁56。第一室58限定在上端壁52和间壁56之间，第二室60限定在间壁56和下端壁54之间。第一种扩散性昆虫引诱剂62装在第一室58内，第二种扩散性昆虫引诱剂64装在第二室内。[00129]Attractant system 12 has an elongated, generallycylindrical housing 50. Thehousing 50 has anupper end wall 52 , alower end wall 54 , and anintermediate wall 56 . Afirst chamber 58 is defined between theupper end wall 52 and thepartition wall 56 and asecond chamber 60 is defined between thepartition wall 56 and thelower end wall 54 . A first diffuseinsect attractant 62 is housed in thefirst chamber 58 and a second diffuseinsect attractant 64 is housed in the second chamber.

[00130]昆虫引诱剂62，64可以是任何类型，通常是可以相互进行化学反应的类型。在一个实施方案中，尝试用乳酸凝胶作为第一昆虫引诱剂62，粉末状碳酸氢铵作第二昆虫引诱剂64。因为乳酸是酸，碳酸氢铵是碱，酸和碱能反应生成盐，因此这就是能相互反应的引诱剂的实例。任何其它扩散性液体，固体或半固体昆虫引诱剂都可以使用，而且并不限于这些实例。虽然室58，60被显示为轴向互相靠近，但它们能在壳体50的纵向长度上相互靠近延伸，或者以任何其它方式布置。可以参考美国专利申请No.10/431,586，其全部内容引入本申请作为参考，比如为了详细说明乳酸凝胶。[00130] The insect attractants 62, 64 can be of any type, and generally are of a type that can chemically react with each other. In one embodiment, lactic acid gel was attempted as thefirst insect attractant 62 and powdered ammonium bicarbonate as thesecond insect attractant 64 . Since lactic acid is an acid and ammonium bicarbonate is a base, acids and bases can react to form salts, so this is an example of an attractant that can react with each other. Any other diffusing liquid, solid or semi-solid insect attractants can be used and are not limited to these examples. Although thechambers 58, 60 are shown axially adjacent to each other, they could extend adjacent to each other along the longitudinal length of thehousing 50, or be arranged in any other manner. Reference may be made to US Patent Application No. 10/431,586, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference, eg, for a detailed description of lactic acid gels.

[00131]壳体50内有多个开口，以使扩散的昆虫引诱剂从室58，60流出。开口的大小，数量和布置由室58，60内的引诱剂62，64的期望释放速度决定。因而，可以改变孔的大小，数量和布置，而且并不限于示例性实施方案中的开口。[00131]Housing 50 has a plurality of openings to allow diffused insect attractant to exitchambers 58,60. The size, number and arrangement of the openings are determined by the desired release rate of theattractant 62,64 within thechambers 58,60. Thus, the size, number and arrangement of the holes may vary and are not limited to the openings in the exemplary embodiment.

[00132]第一室58有一对相对大的矩形开口66，它在室58的一对完全相反侧面上轴向延伸。第一室58还有许多轴向间隔的相对小的开口68，所述开口68在室58的另一对完全相反侧面上。第二室60有一个单独的相对小的开口70，所述开口70与开口68轴向间隔。[00132] Thefirst chamber 58 has a pair of relatively largerectangular openings 66 extending axially on a pair of diametrically opposed sides of thechamber 58. Thefirst chamber 58 also has a plurality of axially spaced relativelysmall openings 68 on the other pair of diametrically opposed sides of thechamber 58 . Thesecond chamber 60 has a single relativelysmall opening 70 axially spaced from theopening 68 .

[00133]壳体50的外部构型可以从图4-6和8中获得最佳阐释。除了其中被开口断开外，多个脊72，示例为4个，沿着壳体50的长度轴向延伸。在这些脊72之间限定了相应的多个凹槽74，所述凹槽74同样沿着壳体50的长度轴向延伸。壳体50的横截面(基本垂直于其纵轴方向)与容器24的内部空间的横截面紧密匹配。通过将壳体50纵向地插到容器24的狭长内部空间内，可以使系统12安装到装置10上。[00133] The external configuration ofhousing 50 is best illustrated in FIGS. 4-6 and 8 . A plurality ofridges 72 , four for example, extend axially along the length of thehousing 50 except interrupted by openings therein. Between theseridges 72 are defined a corresponding plurality ofgrooves 74 which also extend axially along the length of thehousing 50 . The cross-section of the housing 50 (substantially perpendicular to the direction of its longitudinal axis) closely matches the cross-section of the interior space of thecontainer 24 .System 12 may be mounted todevice 10 by insertinghousing 50 longitudinally into the elongated interior space ofcontainer 24 .

[00134]为了将引诱剂系统12安装到已装到装置10上的容器24上，将壳体50与所述容器的环28的孔30轴向对准，使得壳体的凹槽74与容器的部件32轴向对准，并且壳体的脊72与在部件32之间限定的开口34轴向对准。然后，用户将壳体50轴向滑动到容器24的内部。当壳体50完全插入时，脊72的上端就紧靠着端帽26的下边缘，从而限制进一步的轴向移动。[00134] To mount theattractant system 12 on thecontainer 24 already attached to thedevice 10, thehousing 50 is axially aligned with thebore 30 of thering 28 of the container so that thegroove 74 of the housing is aligned with the Theparts 32 are axially aligned, and theridge 72 of the housing is axially aligned with theopening 34 defined between theparts 32 . The user then slides thehousing 50 axially into the interior of thecontainer 24 . When thehousing 50 is fully inserted, the upper end of theridge 72 abuts the lower edge of theend cap 26, thereby limiting further axial movement.

[00135]同样，壳体50的下端具有有在弹性弯曲臂78上携带的一对啮合调整翼片76。这些调整翼片76被可释放地接收在环28的调整翼片接收开口46中。调整翼片76啮合在孔46内可防止壳体50从容器24滑出，例如由于重力。为了使容器24从壳体50释放，可将臂78向内弹性弯曲，以从开口46内抽出调整翼片76。这些臂78可以与壳体50形成单件整体，或者分别成形并结合到一起。[00135] Likewise, the lower end of thehousing 50 has a pair of engagingadjustment tabs 76 carried on resilientlycurved arms 78. Thesetrim tabs 76 are releasably received in the trimtab receiving openings 46 of thering 28 . Engagement of theadjustment tab 76 within theaperture 46 prevents thehousing 50 from sliding out of thecontainer 24, for example due to gravity. To release thecontainer 24 from thehousing 50 , thearms 78 can be elastically bent inwardly to withdraw theadjustment tab 76 from theopening 46 . Thearms 78 may be formed as a single piece with thehousing 50, or formed separately and joined together.

[00136]通过将壳体50本身和间壁56作为单块整体来注模生产壳体50，其中壳体50的末端打开。随后，将开口66，68，70切开。作为另一种选择，孔66，68，70可以作为注模操作的一部分来形成。然后，将引诱剂62，64放在室58，60内，并将模制的塑料端壁52，54固定结合到壳体50的开口上端和下端以关闭壳体50。[00136] Thehousing 50 is produced by injection molding thehousing 50 itself and thepartition wall 56 as a single piece, with the ends of thehousing 50 open. Subsequently,openings 66, 68, 70 are cut. Alternatively, holes 66, 68, 70 may be formed as part of an injection molding operation.Attractants 62 , 64 are then placed withinchambers 58 , 60 and moldedplastic end walls 52 , 54 are fixedly bonded to the open upper and lower ends ofhousing 50 to closehousing 50 .

[00137]为了将室58，60密封，并防止昆虫引诱剂62，64在使用引诱剂系统12前扩散和相互混合，提供了一个或多个可移除的密封部件封闭开口66，68，70。关上开口66，68，70基本就能将室58，60相互隔开，从而基本防止引诱剂混合(壁56使引诱剂保持物理分离和隔开)。术语“基本”用来承认生产或设计中的微小误差或不相容可以允许微量的引诱剂62，64通过一个或多个密封部件，间壁56和壳体50间的任何微小空隙，和/或端壁52，54和壳体50间的任何微小空隙中溢出。当然，优选不存在所述的引诱剂溢出，但应该理解微小量的溢出是可能的。[00137] To seal thechambers 58, 60 and prevent theinsect attractants 62, 64 from diffusing and mixing with each other prior to use of theattractant system 12, one or more removable sealing members are provided to close theopenings 66, 68, 70 . Closing theopenings 66, 68, 70 substantially isolates thechambers 58, 60 from each other, thereby substantially preventing the attractants from mixing (wall 56 keeps the attractants physically separated and separated). The term "substantially" is used to acknowledge that minor errors or incompatibilities in manufacturing or design may allow trace amounts ofattractant 62, 64 to pass through one or more of the sealing components, any minor gap between thepartition wall 56 and thehousing 50, and/or Any small gaps between theend walls 52, 54 and thehousing 50 will overflow. Of course, preferably there is no spillage of attractant as described, but it will be appreciated that minor spillovers are possible.

[00138]通过防止引诱剂在使用前相混合，提高了引诱剂在使用期间的寿命和有效性。具体就零售店背景来说，首先制造商生产出引诱剂系统12，然后进行运输包装，通常经由零售店分配中心递送到零售店。接着，引诱剂系统12就被放到货架或展示架上，直到消费者购买和使用。从生产引诱剂系统12到其被消费者使用的时间间隔可以是几周，也可能超过一个月。如果允许引诱剂62，64相互混合，那到用户使用该系统12时引诱剂就会被耗尽，因此降低了引诱剂62，64起高效功能的时间长度。这样，利用一个或多个密封部件将开口66，68，70密封可以理想地防止发生此类混合。另外，使用保持引诱剂62，64在使用过程中的物理分离的壁56可使壳体50内引诱剂62，64之间的任何混合/反应最小化。[00138] By preventing the attractant from mixing prior to use, the longevity and effectiveness of the attractant during use is increased. Specifically in the retail store setting, theattractant system 12 is first produced by the manufacturer, then packaged for shipping, and typically delivered to the retail store via a retail store distribution center. Theattractant system 12 is then placed on a shelf or display until purchased and used by a consumer. The time interval between the manufacture of theattractant system 12 and its use by the consumer can range from a few weeks to more than a month. If theattractants 62, 64 are allowed to mix with each other, the attractants will be depleted by the time thesystem 12 is used by the user, thus reducing the length of time theattractants 62, 64 can function effectively. As such, sealing theopenings 66, 68, 70 with one or more sealing members desirably prevents such mixing from occurring. In addition, the use of thewall 56 to keep theattractants 62 , 64 physically separated during use minimizes any mixing/reaction between theattractants 62 , 64 within thehousing 50 .

[00139]在示例性实施方案中，一个或多个密封部件是由塑料膜80构成的。这种塑料膜80包围壳体50，并在其上进行热收缩处理以覆盖室58，60的开口66，68，70。这通过将一管膜80置于在壳体50之上来实现，其中该管的直径比壳体50的直径略大。然后加热，使管收缩，使膜80紧紧地包住壳体50，封闭开口66，68，70。适合本申请的优选的膜80可以是任何常规透气材料，该材料与化学引诱剂及其扩散产物不起化学反应。膜80可在图11中看到。[00139] In an exemplary embodiment, one or more sealing members are formed from aplastic film 80. Thisplastic film 80 surrounds thehousing 50 and is heat-shrunk thereon to cover theopenings 66 , 68 , 70 of thechambers 58 , 60 . This is achieved by placing atube membrane 80 over thecasing 50 , wherein the tube has a slightly larger diameter than thecasing 50 . Heat is then applied to shrink the tube so that themembrane 80 wraps tightly around thehousing 50, closing theopenings 66,68,70. Apreferred membrane 80 suitable for this application may be any conventional breathable material that is chemically inert to the chemoattractant and its diffusion products.Membrane 80 can be seen in FIG. 11 .

[00140]可用其它类型的一个或多个密封部件代替膜78，例如可用胶带覆盖并封闭开口66，68，70。通常，用来封闭开口66，68，70的任何适合类型的一个或多个密封部件和所述密封部件的大小，形状和结构都可以变化。同样地，可将塑料膜层紧紧包裹在壳体50周围，并固定在适当位置。而且，在某些结构中，可将可变形插塞插到各种开口中将开口封闭。本发明并不限于本文所提及的实施例。[00140] Themembrane 78 may be replaced by one or more sealing members of other types, for example adhesive tape may be used to cover and close theopenings 66, 68, 70. In general, any suitable type of seal member or members for closing theopenings 66, 68, 70 and the size, shape and configuration of the seal members may vary. Likewise, a layer of plastic film may be wrapped tightly aroundhousing 50 and held in place. Also, in some constructions, deformable plugs may be inserted into the various openings to close the openings. The invention is not limited to the examples mentioned herein.

[00141]在使用装置10中的系统12之前，用户会移去膜80或使用的其它密封部件。这样就能使昆虫引诱剂62，64从开口66，68，70扩散出去，以便将昆虫吸引至装置10。[00141] Prior to using thesystem 12 in thedevice 10, the user would remove themembrane 80 or other sealing member used. This allows theinsect attractants 62 , 64 to diffuse out of theopenings 66 , 68 , 70 to attract insects to thedevice 10 .

[00142]实例1-4[00142] Example 1-4

[00143]这些实例阐释了本发明的实施方案，其中组合引诱剂包括作第一化学引诱剂的含乳酸的凝胶，以及作第二化学引诱剂的碳酸氢铵(氨气源)。[00143] These examples illustrate embodiments of the invention wherein the combination attractant includes a lactic acid-containing gel as the first chemoattractant, and ammonium bicarbonate (ammonia gas source) as the second chemoattractant.

[00144]组合物的蚊子引诱性在Mosquito Magnet^TM Liberty和Professional(Pro)诱捕装置中进行评价，所述诱捕装置由AmericanBiophysics，Corp.生产。使用顶部开口的运输间隔室(用于装载引诱剂)，它允许烟羽(二氧化碳，水蒸汽)穿过引诱剂药筒的表面。在野外试验中，使所述诱捕装置在试验地点旋转，以便降低或减少与试验地点条件有关的可能的影响，如蚊子分布，地理和其它环境因素。[00144] The mosquito attractiveness of the compositions was evaluated in Mosquito Magnet^(TM) Liberty and Professional (Pro) traps manufactured by American Biophysics, Corp. An open-top transport compartment (for loading the attractant) is used which allows the smoke plume (carbon dioxide, water vapor) to pass through the surface of the attractant cartridge. In field trials, the traps are rotated at the test site in order to reduce or mitigate possible effects related to test site conditions, such as mosquito distribution, geography and other environmental factors.

[00145]引诱剂样品：[00145] Attractant samples:

[00146]根据本发明实施方案的组合物是双组分引诱剂，包括食品级L(+)-乳酸和碳酸氢铵粉末，所述食品级L(+)-乳酸具有表4所述配方，所述碳酸氢铵粉末具有表5所述配方，它作为活性成分或在多孔袋中直接作为压缩粉末。分别配制L(+)-乳酸和碳酸氢铵引诱剂，并独立包装，以便能物理地将它们组合在一个大部件中-如图11所示。L(+)-乳酸部分是聚合凝胶，它在有多个孔的塑料药筒中光固化，以便允许L(+)-乳酸以蒸汽形式释放。碳酸氢铵部分是圆柱形的压模固体，密封在有用于释放氨，二氧化碳和水蒸汽的小孔的塑料药筒内，或者直接将碳酸氢铵粉末压缩，密封在用多孔聚丙烯膜制成的袋子内。[00146] A composition according to an embodiment of the present invention is a two-component attractant comprising food-grade L(+)-lactic acid and ammonium bicarbonate powder, said food-grade L(+)-lactic acid having the formula described in Table 4, The ammonium bicarbonate powder has the formulation described in Table 5, either as an active ingredient or directly as a compressed powder in a porous bag. L(+)-lactic acid and ammonium bicarbonate attractants were formulated separately and packaged individually so that they could be physically combined in one large unit - as shown in Figure 11. The L(+)-lactic acid moiety is a polymeric gel that is photocured in a plastic cartridge with multiple holes to allow the release of L(+)-lactic acid as a vapor. The ammonium bicarbonate part is a cylindrical compression molded solid, sealed in a plastic cartridge with small holes for the release of ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor, or directly compressed ammonium bicarbonate powder, sealed in a porous polypropylene membrane inside the bag.

[00147]L(+)-乳酸凝胶放在内部有开口的第一药筒室内，在多孔袋内的模制碳酸氢铵圆柱或碳酸铵粉末放在第二室内，在密封一侧有个用一条红带子封闭的释放孔。这两个室是隔开的，以便避免在储存和应用期间，部件内的两个活性组分间发生酸-碱化学反应。[00147] L(+)-lactic acid gel is placed in the first cartridge chamber with an opening inside, the molded ammonium bicarbonate cylinder or ammonium carbonate powder in the porous bag is placed in the second chamber, and on the sealed side there is a Release hole closed with a red tape. The two chambers are separated in order to avoid acid-base chemical reactions between the two active components in the part during storage and application.

[00148]实例1[00148] Example 1

[00149]本实例说明了组合引诱剂对白纹伊蚊的吸引力。吸引力比单独用凝胶L(+)-乳酸或单独用碳酸氢铵作引诱剂高2-4倍，比仅用CO₂高6-13倍。[00149] This example demonstrates the attractiveness of combination attractants to Aedes albopictus. Attraction is 2-4 times higher than that of gel L(+)-lactic acid alone or ammonium bicarbonate alone as attractant, and 6-13 times higher than that of_CO2 alone.

[00150]该试验于2003年8月至9月间在Harris County，Texas进行。白纹伊蚊是该区域内主要的蚊子种类。在该试验中使用释放二氧化碳气体和不同引诱剂的Pro诱捕装置，各诱捕装置在6个地点间每24小时进行交换。每24小时采集各诱捕装置捕捉的蚊子。根据本发明的样品是含乳酸凝胶的药筒和含碳酸氢铵粉末的密封多孔袋的组合物。单独的乳酸凝胶药筒和碳酸氢铵也可以用作引诱剂进行比较。[00150] This trial was conducted in Harris County, Texas between August and September 2003. Aedes albopictus is the dominant mosquito species in this area. Pro traps releasing carbon dioxide gas and different attractants were used in this trial, and the traps were exchanged every 24 hours between 6 locations. Mosquitoes captured by each trap were collected every 24 hours. The sample according to the invention is a combination of a cartridge containing lactic acid gel and a sealed porous bag containing ammonium bicarbonate powder. Lactic acid gel cartridges and ammonium bicarbonate alone were also used as attractants for comparison.

[00151]表6列出了在两个试验期，在Pro诱捕装置内用本发明组合物、单独的乳酸凝胶药筒、单独的碳酸氢铵和单独的CO₂平均每天捕捉的白纹伊蚊量。表7比较了组合引诱剂和单独的乳酸、单独的碳酸氢铵和单独的CO₂的日捕捉量。[00151] Table 6 lists the average daily catches of Pleurotus spp. in Pro trapping devices using the composition of the invention, lactic acid gel cartridges alone, ammonium bicarbonate alone and_CO2 alone during the two test periods. amount of mosquitoes. Table 7 compares the daily capture of combined attractants and lactic acid alone, ammonium bicarbonate alone and_CO2 alone.

[00152]表6白纹伊蚊的日平均捕捉量The daily average capture amount of table 6 Aedes albopictus

8月22-27日 August 22-27  9月6-11日 September 6-11 组合引诱物 combination attractant 180 180  138 138 碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate 80 80  78 78 乳酸凝胶 Lactic Acid Gel 61 61  79 79 CO₂CO₂ 13 13  21 twenty one

表7白纹伊蚊的日平均捕捉量比较Table 7 Comparison of the daily average catch of Aedes albopictus

捕捉比 capture ratio 8月22-27日 August 22-27  9月6-11日 September 6-11  平均 average 组合物vs.碳酸氢铵 Composition vs. Ammonium Bicarbonate 2.2 2.2  1.8 1.8  2.0 2.0 组合物vs.乳酸凝胶 Composition vs. Lactic Acid Gel 3.0 3.0  1.7 1.7  2.4 2.4 组合物vs.CO₂Composition vs._CO2 14 14  7 7  10.5 10.5

[00153]如上述表格所看到的，组合引诱剂对白纹伊蚊的吸引力是碳酸氢铵的2倍，是单独的乳酸凝胶的约2.5倍，是CO₂的10.5倍。[00153] As seen in the table above, the combined attractant was twice as attractive to Aedes albopictus as ammonium bicarbonate, about 2.5 times more attractive than lactic acid gel alone, and 10.5 times more attractive than_CO2 .

[00154]Harris County的白纹伊蚊数量，在2003年7月中旬一场飓风横扫该地区后显著降低。在7月早期(7/5-7/10/03)，在相同地点用L(+)-乳酸凝胶型引诱剂处理的试验中，每天捕获的白纹伊蚊在几百到几千只(高至一天7220只)。而且可以预料，利用我们的Mosquito Magnet^诱捕装置，所述装置包括根据本发明实施方案作为引诱剂的组合乳酸/氨引诱剂，在蚊子高度活跃的区域每天捕获的白纹伊蚊可能会达到几千只。[00154] Aedes albopictus populations in Harris County decreased significantly after a hurricane swept through the area in mid-July 2003. In early July (7/5-7/10/03), in experiments treated with L(+)-lactic acid gel-type attractants at the same sites, the number of Aedes albopictus captured per day ranged from several hundred to several thousand (up to 7220 per day). Furthermore, it is anticipated that using our Mosquito Magnet^(R) trapping device, which includes a combined lactic acid/ammonia attractant as an attractant in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, several Aedes albopictus mosquitoes may be captured per day in areas of high mosquito activity. Thousands.

[00155]实例2[00155] Example 2

[00156]本实例说明了本发明的组合引诱剂对热带家蚊具有高吸引力，而且比作为引诱剂的1-辛烯-3-醇的吸引力高出9-50倍。[00156] This example illustrates that the combined attractant of the present invention has a high attractiveness to tropical house mosquitoes, and is 9-50 times more attractive than 1-octen-3-ol as an attractant.

[00157]该试验于2003年9月19日至10月12日间在巴西的SaoPaulo地区进行，热带家蚊是该地区的主要活蚊种类。组合引诱剂和其它引诱剂是在Mosquito Magnet^ Liberty和Defender诱捕装置中进行试验的，所述装置会释放二氧化碳以及装载在各诱捕装置中的引诱剂。实施例1中使用的样品也用在该试验中。引诱剂1-辛烯-3-醇药筒作为对比进行检测。每48-72小时从诱捕装置中采集所捕获的蚊子。在采集了蚊子以后，在试验地点间，交换诱捕装置。表8列出了采用Liberty和Defender，当利用组合引诱剂和1-辛烯-3-醇分别作为引诱剂时的试验结果(日捕捉量)，而且还有这两种引诱剂间的对比日平均捕蚊量。很清楚，本发明实施方案的组合引诱剂对热带家蚊具有很强的吸引力，而且在相同的试验条件下，其吸引力比用作引诱剂的1-辛烯-3-醇高约9-51倍。[00157] The experiment was carried out between September 19 and October 12, 2003 in the Sao Paulo region of Brazil, where the tropical house mosquito is the main living mosquito species. Combination attractants and other attractants were tested in Mosquito Magnet^(R) Liberty and Defender traps, which release carbon dioxide along with the attractant loaded in each trap. The samples used in Example 1 were also used in this test. A cartridge of the attractant 1-octen-3-ol was tested as a control. Captured mosquitoes were collected from the traps every 48-72 hours. After mosquitoes were collected, traps were exchanged between test sites. Table 8 lists the test results (daily catches) of Liberty and Defender, when the combination attractant and 1-octen-3-ol were used as attractants respectively, and the comparison days between these two attractants Average mosquito catch. It is clear that the combined attractant of the embodiment of the present invention has a strong attractiveness to tropical house mosquitoes, and under the same test conditions, its attractiveness is about 9 times higher than that of 1-octen-3-ol used as an attractant. -51 times.

[00158]表8组合引诱剂和1-辛烯-3-醇对雌性热带家蚊的日捕捉量比较(Sao Paulo，巴西，2003)Table 8 combination attractant and 1-octen-3-alcohol compare (Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2003) to the daily capture capacity of female tropical house mosquito

  日期 date           Liberty Liberty          Defender Defender   乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵 Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate    1-辛烯-3-醇 1-octen-3-ol   乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵 Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate     1-辛烯-3-醇 1-octen-3-ol   Sep.19-21 Sep.19-21   523 523    270 270   821 821     4 4   Sep.22-23 Sep.22-23   309 309    17 17   207 207     3 3   Sep.24-25 Sep.24-25   53 53    4 4   367 367     0 0   Sep.26-28 Sep.26-28   86 86    1 1   197 197     6 6   Sep.29-30 Sep.29-30   68 68    6 6   86 86     2 2   Oct.1-2 Oct.1-2   2 2    5 5   92 92     4 4   Oct.3-5 Oct.3-5   319 319    2 2   1105 1105     3 3   Oct.6-7 Oct.6-7   826 826    7 7   355 355     53 53   Oct.8-9 Oct.8-9   482 482    12 12   1162 1162     107 107   Oct.10-12 Oct.10-12   264 264    12 12   5376 5376     10 10   日平均 Daily average   293 293    34 34   977 977     19 19   乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵vs.1-辛烯-3-醇 Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate vs. 1-octen-3-ol   8.6 8.6   51 51

[00159]实例3[00159] Example 3

[00160]本实例说明了本发明实施方案的组合引诱剂对Ochlerotatus canadensis，Anopheles punctipennis和刺扰伊蚊有吸引力，而且可以比得上作为引诱剂的1-辛烯-3-醇对这些蚊子种类的吸引力或者更好。[00160] This example demonstrates that combined attractants according to embodiments of the invention are attractive to Ochlerotatus canadensis, Anopheles punctipennis and Aedes stinging mosquitoes and are comparable to 1-octen-3-ol as an attractant to these mosquitoes Kind of attractive or better.

[00161]该试验于2003年9月5-24日在North Kingstown，RhodeIsland的Great Swamp地区进行。Ochlerotatus canadensis，Anopheles punctipennis和刺扰伊蚊是14种已鉴定蚊子类型中主要采集的蚊子种类。在本试验中使用释放CO₂加一种待测评引诱剂的Pro诱捕装置。与实施例1和2一样，组合物样品还是密封在多孔袋中的乳酸凝胶药筒和碳酸氢铵粉末混合物。每隔48-72小时从诱捕装置中采集被捕捉的蚊子。在采集了蚊子之后，在试验地点间交换诱捕装置。表9列出了当利用组合引诱剂或1-辛烯-3-醇分别作为引诱剂时的试验结果(日捕捉量)，而且还列出了这两种引诱剂间的对比日平均捕蚊量。结果显示乳酸和氨(碳酸铵)的组合物对Ochlerotatuscanadensis，Anopheles punctipennis和刺扰伊蚊的吸引力可比得上或者超过使用1-辛烯-3-醇作为引诱剂。[00161] The trial was conducted September 5-24, 2003 in the Great Swamp area of North Kingstown, Rhode Island. Ochlerotatus canadensis, Anopheles punctipennis, and Aedes stinging mosquitoes were the main mosquito species collected among the 14 identified mosquito types. A Pro trap releasing_CO2 plus an attractant to be tested was used in this trial. As in Examples 1 and 2, the composition sample was again a cartridge of lactic acid gel and ammonium bicarbonate powder mixture sealed in a porous bag. Captured mosquitoes were collected from the traps every 48-72 hours. After mosquitoes were collected, traps were exchanged between test sites. Table 9 lists the test results (daily catches) when using combination attractants or 1-octen-3-ol as attractants respectively, and also lists the comparison between these two attractants. The average daily mosquito catch quantity. The results showed that the attractiveness of the combination of lactic acid and ammonia (ammonium carbonate) to Ochlerotatus canadensis, Anopheles punctipennis and Aedes stinging mosquitoes was comparable or exceeded that of using 1-octen-3-ol as attractant.

[00162]表9乳酸/氨组合物和1-辛烯-3-醇之间的日捕蚊量比较(Great Swamp，RI，2003)The comparison (Great Swamp, RI, 2003) of daily mosquito catch amount between table 9 lactic acid/ammonia composition and 1-octen-3-alcohol

    日期 date   乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵 Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate     1-辛烯-3-醇 1-octen-3-ol     Sep.5-8 Sep.5-8   979 979     683 683     Sep.8-10 Sep.8-10   317 317     456 456     Sep.10-12 Sep.10-12   471 471     301 301     Sep.12-15 Sep.12-15   284 284     419 419     Sep.15-17 Sep.15-17   461 461     336 336     Sep.17-19 Sep.17-19   273 273     306 306     Sep.19-22 Sep.19-22   86 86     172 172     Sep.22-24 Sep.22-24   86 86     178 178     日平均 Daily average   370 370     350 350

[00163]实例4[00163] Example 4

[00164]本实例说明了本发明的组合引诱剂对白纹伊蚊和其它蚊子种类有吸引力，而且对白纹伊蚊的吸引力比1-辛烯-3-醇高3倍，比作引诱剂使用的乳酸凝胶高2.5倍。[00164] This example illustrates that the combination attractant of the present invention is attractive to Aedes albopictus and other mosquito species, and is 3 times more attractive to Aedes albopictus than 1-octen-3-ol, compared to the attractant The lactic acid gel used is 2.5 times higher.

[00165]该试验于2003年12月在Waipahu，Hawaii进行。设备基本按照图11所示构建，包括组合引诱剂：在第一室内的乳酸凝胶和在第二室内的碳酸铵模制颗粒。[00165] This trial was conducted in December 2003 in Waipahu, Hawaii. The apparatus was constructed substantially as shown in Figure 11 and included a combination attractant: lactic acid gel in the first chamber and ammonium carbonate molded particles in the second chamber.

[00166]在试验过程中会释放CO₂的Pro诱捕装置内，对组合引诱剂进行评价，并且与1-辛烯-3-醇，单独的乳酸凝胶和其它引诱剂对蚊子的吸引力相对比。每隔24小时从各诱捕装置采集被捕捉的蚊子。分别计算白纹伊蚊和总蚊数日捕捉量，组合引诱剂，单独的乳酸凝胶和1-辛烯-3-醇的结果显示在下表10和11中。组合引诱剂对白纹伊蚊和其它蚊子种类的吸引力强于作为引诱剂的1-辛烯-3-醇或乳酸凝胶。[00166] The combined attractant was evaluated in a Pro trap that released_CO2 during the test and compared to the attractiveness of 1-octen-3-ol, lactic acid gel alone and other attractants to mosquitoes Compare. Captured mosquitoes were collected from each trap every 24 hours. The results of calculating daily catches of Aedes albopictus and total mosquitoes, combined attractants, lactic acid gel and 1-octen-3-ol alone are shown in Tables 10 and 11 below. The combination attractants were more attractive to Aedes albopictus and other mosquito species than 1-octen-3-ol or lactic acid gel as attractants.

[00167]表10组合引诱剂和1-辛烯-3-醇之间的捕蚊量比较[00167] Table 10 combination attractant and 1-octen-3-alcohol between the amount of mosquito catch comparison

  日期 date     乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵   Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate     1-辛烯-3-醇 1-octen-3-ol     总蚊数 Total number of mosquitoes   白纹伊蚊 Aedes albopictus     总蚊数 Total number of mosquitoes   白纹伊蚊 Aedes albopictus   Doc.12-13 Doc.12-13     190 190   38 38     126 126   7 7   Doc.14-15 Doc.14-15     294 294   158 158     32 32   5 5   Doc.16-17 Doc.16-17     107 107   59 59     123 123   24 twenty four   Doc.18-19 Doc.18-19     161 161   73 73     98 98   35 35   Doc.20-21 Doc.20-21     117 117   15 15     64 64   40 40   日平均 Daily average     174 174   69 69     89 89   22 twenty two   乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵vs.1-辛烯-3-醇 Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate vs. 1-octen-3-ol     1.95 1.95   3.1 3.1

[00168]表11组合引诱剂(乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵)和乳酸凝胶之间的捕蚊量比较[00168] Table 11 combination attractant (lactic acid gel adds ammonium bicarbonate) and the mosquito-catching amount comparison between the lactic acid gel

    日期 date     乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵   Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate        乳酸凝胶   Lactic Acid Gel     总蚊数 Total number of mosquitoes   白纹伊蚊 Aedes albopictus     总蚊数 Total number of mosquitoes   白纹伊蚊 Aedes albopictus     Doc.12-13 Doc.12-13     190 190   38 38     131 131   24 twenty four     Doc.14-15 Doc.14-15     294 294   158 158     93 93   51 51     Doc.16-17 Doc.16-17     107 107   59 59     43 43   11 11     Doc.18-19 Doc.18-19     161 161   73 73     25 25   2 2     Doc.20-21 Doc.20-21     117 117   15 15     83 83   49 49     日平均 Daily average     174 174   69 69     75 75   27 27     乳酸凝胶加碳酸氢铵vs.乳酸凝胶 Lactic acid gel plus ammonium bicarbonate vs. lactic acid gel     2.3 2.3   2.5 2.5

结论：in conclusion:

[00169]本研究显示根据本发明的组合的乳酸和氨引诱剂能有效吸引各种蚊子种类包括白纹伊蚊，热带家蚊，Ochlerotatuscanadensis和其它种类。组合引诱剂对这些种类的蚊子的吸引力高于1-辛烯-3-醇和单独的乳酸凝胶。[00169] This study shows that combined lactic acid and ammonia attractants according to the present invention are effective in attracting various mosquito species including Aedes albopictus, Tropical house mosquito, Ochlerotatus canadensis and others. The combination attractant was more attractive to these species of mosquitoes than 1-octen-3-ol and lactic acid gel alone.

[00170]本发明能提供无毒或比现有产品毒性低的蚊子控制措施。[00170] The present invention can provide mosquito control measures that are non-toxic or less toxic than existing products.

[00171]应该理解，已经全面和有效地描述了本发明的实施方案。已经提供了上述具体的实施方案以示例本发明的结构和功能原理，并且不限于此。相反，本发明意欲包括属于以上具体描述的精神和范围内的所有修改，改变和替代。[00171] It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention have been fully and effectively described. The foregoing specific embodiments have been provided to illustrate the structural and functional principles of the invention, and not to be limiting thereto. On the contrary, the present invention is intended to embrace all modifications, changes and substitutions falling within the spirit and scope of the above specific description.

Claims (160)

1, a kind of decoy that is used to lure winged insect comprises first chemical inhibitor and second chemical inhibitor, and wherein said first chemical inhibitor is included in the lactic acid solution in the carrier, and described carrier is selected from polymeric gel and porous material; Described second chemical inhibitor comprises the ammonia source; Wherein said first attractant and described second attractant are mutual physical separation before using this decoy.

2, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said decoy further comprises first Room and second Room at least, and wherein first attractant is kept at first indoorly, and it is second indoor that second attractant is kept at.

3, the described decoy of claim 2, has at least one opening, this opening can make carrier gas pass through and contact with in first and second Room each, can diffuse in the described carrier gas from described chamber thereby make from the lactic acid of first Room with from the ammonia of second Room.

4, the described decoy of claim 2, indoor enough openings are arranged, so that the carrier gas that separates by and contact with first and second Room respectively, can from described chamber, diffuse in the described carrier gas thereby make from the lactic acid of first Room with from the ammonia of second Room.

5, each described decoy of claim 3-4, wherein at least a carrier gas is an air flow.

6, a kind of device comprises described decoy of claim 5 and carbon dioxide source, and wherein said carbon dioxide source can offer air flow with carbonic acid gas.

7, each described decoy of claim 3-4, wherein said carrier gas are the surrounding airs that flows owing to diffusion.

8, a kind of decoy that is used to lure winged insect comprises

First chemical inhibitor comprises lactic acid solution; With

Second chemical inhibitor comprises the ammonia source;

Wherein said first and second attractants are mutual physical separation before using this decoy, and

Wherein said decoy can provide the lactic acid and the ammonia of effective dose at least for a long time continuously, wherein further is a week for a long time.

9, the described decoy of claim 8, wherein said lactic acid solution is in first carrier, and described carrier is selected from polymeric gel and porous material.

10, the described decoy of claim 9, wherein first carrier is a polymeric gel, comprises further that wherein the second polymeric gel carrier of water contacts with first carrier.

11, the described decoy of claim 8 describedly was selected from for two weeks for a long time, three weeks and all around, six weeks, eight weeks, ten week and 12 weeks.

12, the described decoy of claim 8 wherein was three weeks for a long time.

13, the described decoy of claim 8, wherein the lactic acid of effective dose and ammonia can effectively attract the winged insect of following kind: Aedes aegypti (Aedes aegypti), aedes albopictus (Aedesalbopictus), Aedes vexans (Aedes vexans), Anopheles atropos, Anopheles crucians, Anopheles punctipennis, Anopheles walkeri, Culex erraticus, Culex nigripalpus, northern house (Culex pipiens), tropical tame mosquito (Culex quinquefasciiatus), Culex salinarius, culiseta melanura (Culiseta melanura), Ochlerotatus canadensis, Ochlerotatusfulvus-pallens, Ochlerotatus infirmatus, Ochlerotatusintrudens, Ochlerotatus triseriatus and Psorophora ferox.

14, the described decoy of claim 1, object height at least 50% is lured in the attraction winged insect effective sex ratio contrast of wherein said decoy, described contrast decoy contains a kind of in first and second chemical inhibitors, but does not comprise first and second chemical inhibitors simultaneously.

15, the described decoy of claim 14, the validity of wherein said decoy is measured at the contrast decoy, and therefore described decoy and contrast decoy all detect with suitable carbon dioxide source combination.

16, the described decoy of claim 14, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 100% at least.

17, the described decoy of claim 14, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 200% at least.

18, the described decoy of claim 14, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 300% at least.

19, the described decoy of claim 14, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 400% at least.

20, the described decoy of claim 14, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 500% at least.

21, the described decoy of claim 8, wherein said decoy attracts the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of winged insect to exceed 50% at least, described contrast decoy comprises first chemical inhibitor but does not contain second chemical inhibitor that wherein the validity that increases determines as the mean value in long-time.

22, the described decoy of claim 21, the validity of wherein said decoy is measured at the contrast decoy, and therefore described decoy and contrast decoy all detect with suitable carbon dioxide source combination.

23, the described decoy of claim 21, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 100% at least.

24, the described decoy of claim 23, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 200% at least.

25, the described decoy of claim 24, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 300% at least.

26, the described decoy of claim 25, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 400% at least.

27, the described decoy of claim 26, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 500% at least.

28, the described decoy of claim 14-27, wherein said decoy can more effective attraction winged insect be selected from following kind: Aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, Aedes vexans, Anophelesatropos, Anopheles crucians, Anopheles punctipennis, Anopheleswalkeri, Culex erraticus, Culex nigripalpus, northern house, tropical tame mosquito, Culex salinarius, culiseta melanura, Ochlerotatus canadensis, Ochlerotatus fulvus-pallens, Ochlerotatus infirmatus, Ochlerotatus intrudens, Ochlerotatus triseriatus and Psorophoraferox.

29, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said decoy attracts the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of winged insect to exceed 50% at least, described contrast decoy comprises 1-octene-3-alcohol but do not contain first and second chemical inhibitors, wherein further the ratio of the speed that from first chemical inhibitor of described decoy, discharges of the speed that from the contrast decoy, discharges of 1-octene-3-alcohol and lactic acid about 0.5 in about 5 scope.

30, the described decoy of claim 29, the validity of wherein said decoy is measured at the contrast decoy, and therefore described decoy and contrast decoy all detect with suitable carbon dioxide source combination.

31, the described decoy of claim 29, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 100% at least.

32, the described decoy of claim 31, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 200% at least.

33, the described decoy of claim 32, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 300% at least.

34, the described decoy of claim 33, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 400% at least.

35, the described decoy of claim 34, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 500% at least.

36, the described decoy of claim 8, wherein said decoy attracts the effect comparison of winged insect to exceed 50% at least than decoy, described contrast decoy comprises 1-octene-3-alcohol but does not conform to first and second chemical inhibitors that wherein the validity that increases determines as the mean value in long-time.

37, the described decoy of claim 36, the validity of wherein said decoy is measured at the contrast decoy, and therefore described decoy and contrast decoy all detect with suitable carbon dioxide source combination.

38, the described decoy of claim 36, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 100% at least.

39, the described decoy of claim 38, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 200% at least.

40, the described decoy of claim 39, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 300% at least.

41, the described decoy of claim 40, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 400% at least.

42, the described decoy of claim 41, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 500% at least.

43, the described decoy of claim 29-42, wherein said decoy can more effective attraction winged insect be selected from following kind: Aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, Aedes vexans, Anophelesatropos, Anopheles crucians, Anopheles punctipennis, Anopheleswalkeri, Culex erraticus, Culex nigripalpus, northern house, tropical tame mosquito, Culex salinarius, culiseta melanura, Ochlerotatus canadensis, Ochlerotatus fulvus-pallens, Ochlerotatus infirmatus, Ochlerotatus intrudens, Ochlerotatus triseriatus and Psorophoraferox.

44, the described decoy of claim 1, the effective sex ratio of wherein said decoy and carbon dioxide source combination attracts winged insect does not comprise the carbon dioxide source height at least 200% of described decoy.

45, the described decoy of claim 44, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 300% at least.

46, the described decoy of claim 45, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 500% at least.

47, the described decoy of claim 46, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 750% at least.

48, the described decoy of claim 8, the effective sex ratio of wherein said decoy and carbon dioxide source combination attracts winged insect does not comprise that the carbon dioxide source of described decoy exceeds 200% at least, and wherein the validity that increases determines as the mean value in long-time.

49, the described decoy of claim 48, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 300% at least.

50, the described decoy of claim 49, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 500% at least.

51, the described decoy of claim 50, the effective sex ratio contrast decoy of wherein said decoy exceeds 750% at least.

52, the described decoy of claim 44-51, wherein said decoy can more effective attraction winged insect be selected from following kind: Aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, Aedes vexans, Anophelesatropos, Anopheles crucians, Anopheles punctipennis, Anopheleswalkeri, Culex erraticus, Culex nigripalpus, northern house, tropical tame mosquito, Culex salinarius, culiseta melanura, Ochlerotatus canadensis, Ochlerotatus fulvus-pallens, Ochlerotatus infirmatus, Ochlerotatus intrudens, Ochlerotatus triseriatus and Psorophoraferox.

53, the described decoy of claim 8, wherein the effective dose of the lactic acid that discharges from first chemical inhibitor is 1mg/hr at least, the effective dose of the ammonia that discharges from second chemical inhibitor is 1mg/hr at least.

54, the described decoy of claim 53, wherein said decoy is fit to indoor use.

55, the described decoy of claim 53, wherein the effective dose of the lactic acid that discharges from first chemical inhibitor is 2mg/hr at least, the effective dose of the ammonia that discharges from second chemical inhibitor is 2mg/hr at least.

56, the described decoy of claim 55, wherein the effective dose of lactic acid is 3mg/hr at least.

57, the described decoy of claim 55, wherein the effective dose of ammonia is 3mg/hr at least.

58, the described decoy of claim 8, wherein work as described decoy under about 90  of temperature, when contacting with the high air-flow of carbon dioxide content, can be continuously with the speed release ammonia of about 3mg/hr, with the speed release lactic acid of about 1mg/hr to 20mg/hr in long-time to about 30mg/hr.

59, the described decoy of claim 58, wherein said was at least two weeks for a long time.

60, the described decoy of claim 59, wherein said was at least three weeks for a long time.

61, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said ammonia source is a solid.

62, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said ammonia source are cylinder compression ammonias.

63, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said ammonia source is a liquid.

64, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said ammonia source comprises carbonic hydroammonium.

65, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said ammonia source comprises the homogeneous mixture of ammonium salt and highly basic.

66, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said ammonia source are the ammonium compounds that can produce ammonia when heating.

67, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein said ammonia source are in case contact the ammonium compounds that will produce ammonia with the carbonic acid gas warm current.

68, the described decoy of claim 64, wherein said ammonia source further comprises the adhesive that mixes with carbonic hydroammonium, the form in wherein further described ammonia source is a granular pattern, mucus, wax or its combination.

69, the described decoy of claim 68, wherein the ammonia source is mold formed.

70, the described decoy of claim 68, wherein said ammonia source comprise about 50wt% to the carbonic hydroammonium of about 90wt%, and about 5wt% is about 35wt% adhesive and about 3wt% about 20wt% water extremely extremely.

71, the described decoy of claim 68, wherein said adhesive comprises starch.

72, the described decoy of claim 64, wherein second attractant comprises molded composition, and described composition has basic for cylindrical, and perhaps longitudinal component is columniform shape substantially.

73, the described decoy of claim 72, wherein the weight of molding compounds be about 3 to about 50 the gram.

74, the described decoy of claim 73, wherein said decoy is fit to indoor use, and the weight of described molding compounds be about 3 to about 25 the gram.

75, the described decoy of claim 73, wherein said decoy is fit to outdoor application, and the weight of described molding compounds is that about 30 grams are to about 50 grams.

76, the described decoy of claim 64, wherein second chemical inhibitor comprises about 5 to about 15 gram carbonic hydroammonium, so that attractant can provide the ammonia of effective dose continuously weekly.

77, the described decoy of claim 72, wherein columniform basically diameter are about 1.0 inches to about 1.5 inches.

78, the described decoy of claim 77, wherein the length of molding compounds is about 1.5 inches to about 3.5 inches.

79, the described decoy of claim 62, wherein columniform basically diameter are about 0.8 inch to about 1.3 inches, and further wherein said decoy is fit to indoor use.

80, the described decoy of claim 78, wherein the length of molding compounds is about 1.0 inches to about 2.0 inches.

81, the described decoy of claim 72, wherein the carrier of first chemical inhibitor is a polymeric gel, it is columniform shape for cylindrical or its longitudinal component substantially substantially that first chemical inhibitor has.

82, the described decoy of claim 81, wherein to have longitudinal component be columniform shape to first chemical inhibitor substantially, it is columniform shape substantially that second chemical inhibitor has longitudinal component, and the mutual adjacent arrangement of the shape of first and second attractants is cylindrical so that form substantially.

83, the described decoy of claim 81, wherein first and second attractants have essentially identical diameter and essentially identical length.

84, the described decoy of claim 64, wherein carbonic hydroammonium is food-grade carbonic hydroammonium.

85, the described decoy of claim 64, wherein the purity of carbonic hydroammonium is at least 99%.

86, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein lactic acid comprises food-grade L (+)-lactic acid.

87, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein the spatial chemistry of lactic acid (L-isomer) purity is at least about 95%.

88, the described decoy of claim 1, wherein the carrier of first chemical inhibitor is a polymeric gel, and lactic acid is that about 1wt% is to about 99wt% in first chemical inhibitor.

89, the described decoy of claim 88, wherein lactic acid is that about 25wt% is to about 90wt% in first chemical inhibitor.

90, the described decoy of claim 89, wherein lactic acid is that about 25wt% is to about 60wt% in first chemical inhibitor.

91, the described decoy of claim 90, wherein lactic acid is that about 30wt% is to about 40wt% in first chemical inhibitor.

92, the described decoy of claim 91, wherein lactic acid is that about 34wt% is to about 37wt% in first chemical inhibitor.

93, the described decoy of claim 88, wherein the ammonia source is a carbonic hydroammonium, and carbonic hydroammonium is that about 25wt% is to about 99wt% in second chemical inhibitor.

94, the described decoy of claim 90, wherein the ammonia source is a carbonic hydroammonium, and carbonic hydroammonium is that 50wt% is to about 90wt% in second chemical inhibitor.

95, the described decoy of claim 91, wherein the ammonia source is a carbonic hydroammonium, and carbonic hydroammonium is that 70wt% is to about 80wt% in second chemical inhibitor.

96, the described decoy of claim 92, wherein the ammonia source is a carbonic hydroammonium, and carbonic hydroammonium is that 72wt% is to about 78wt% in second chemical inhibitor.

97, a kind of device, comprise a trap chamber that is used to entomologize, an inlet that is connected with trap chamber and a flow generator, this flow generator is configured to through described inlet air be sucked in the described trap chamber, thereby will suck in this trap chamber near the insect of this inlet; And decoy as claimed in claim 1.

98, the described device of claim 97, wherein said decoy is designed, and constructs or is placed in the described device, so that controllably discharge lactic acid and ammonia.

99, the described device of claim 98, it further comprises the carbon dioxide generator, described generator can produce carbon dioxide in about environmental temperature to about 140 .

100, the described device of claim 99, wherein said carbon dioxide generator is designed to produce the waste gas plume that contains carbon dioxide, and described decoy is positioned such that to the waste gas plume of small part and contacts with first chemical inhibitor, contacts with second chemical inhibitor with waste gas plume to small part.

101, the described device of claim 98, wherein said device to about 140 , controllably is released into gas with lactic acid and ammonia in about environmental temperature.

102, the described device of claim 97, wherein said decoy further comprises at least the first chamber and second Room, wherein first attractant is placed on first indoor, it is second indoor that second attractant is placed on, wherein first and second chemical inhibitors keep being separated from each other by at least one removable seal member before use further.

103, the described device of claim 102, wherein there are one or more openings first and second Room, and wherein one or more openings are to seal with removable seal member.

104, the described device of claim 103, wherein the gross area of the one or more openings in first Room is about 0.3in²To about 2.0in², the gross area of the one or more openings in second Room is about 0.01in²To 0.2in²

105, the described device of claim 103, wherein the gross area of the one or more openings in first Room is about 0.2in²To about 1.2in², the gross area of the one or more openings in second Room is about 0.005in²To 0.2in²

106, the described device of claim 103, wherein one or more openings allow carrier gases to contact with in first and second chemical inhibitors each, thereby can be diffused in the described carrier gas from described chamber from the lactic acid of first Room with from the ammonia of second Room.

107, the described device of claim 106, it further comprises the carbon dioxide generator, described generator can produce carbonated plume, and to the plume of small part can be carrier gas.

108, the described device of claim 103, wherein one or more openings can make separately carrier gas by and contact with first and second Room respectively, thereby can from described chamber, be diffused in the described carrier gas that separates from the lactic acid of first Room with from the ammonia of second Room.

109, the described device of claim 108, it further comprises the carbon dioxide generator, described generator can produce carbonated plume, and to the plume of small part can be carrier gas separately.

110, the device of a kind of effective attraction winged insect comprises the described decoy of claim 64, and carbon-dioxide generator, and described generator can produce the high air-flow of carbon dioxide content in environmental temperature to the temperature of about 140 .

111, the device of winged insect in a kind of effective suction chamber comprises the described decoy of claim 53.

112, the described device of claim 111 further comprises being used to trap the trapping device that is attracted winged insect so far.

113, the described device of claim 112, wherein trapping device comprises a trap chamber that is used to entomologize, an inlet that is connected with this trap chamber, with a flow generator, this generator is configured to air is attracted in the described trap chamber through described inlet, thereby will suck near the insect of this inlet in this trap chamber.

114, a kind of method that is used to lure winged insect, be included under the temperature at least about room temperature, the lactic acid source is contacted with the high air-flow of ammonia source and carbon dioxide content, thereby the carbonic acid gas, lactic acid and the ammonia that attract winged insect to fly to the effective dose in this source are flowed out from described source in long-time, and described is at least about a week for a long time.

115, the described method of claim 114, wherein said is at least about two weeks for a long time.

116, the described method of claim 115, wherein said is at least about three weeks for a long time.

117, the described method of claim 114, at least some fly near the winged insect in described source further to comprise trapping.

118, the described method of claim 114, the speed that wherein said lactic acid and ammonia flow out from described source is as follows: ammonia is extremely about 30mg/hr of about 3mg/hr, and lactic acid is that about 1mg/hr is to about 20mg/hr.

119, the described method of claim 118 further comprises and traps at least some by the winged insect of airstream suction.

120, a kind of winged insect is attracted to the method for the device of catching winged insect, this method comprises:

Produce airflow flowing, wherein said air-flow outwards flows from described device;

Airflow flowing contact with at least a chemical inhibitor that attracts winged insect, and wherein at least a chemical inhibitor comprises lactic acid source and ammonia source, thus the general at least lactic acid and ammonia be released in the described airflow flowing and

In at least about week age, produce airflow flowing at least off and on continuously, thereby in the described at least time, the concentration of lactic acid and ammonia can attract to fly winged insect so far with remaining valid.

121, the described method of claim 67, wherein said lactic acid source is included in the lactic acid solution in the gelatine network.

122, the described method of claim 68, wherein said ammonia source comprises carbonic hydroammonium.

123, the described method of claim 69, wherein said outwards flowing is in about room temperature extremely under the temperature of about 140 .

124, a kind of decoy that is used to lure winged insect comprises L (+)-lactic acid-gel solution, and further comprises the ammonia source, wherein:

L (+)-lactic acid-gel solution comprises:

(i) 20wt% to 50wt% PAA;

(ii) 50wt% to 75wt%L (+)-lactic acid;

(iii) 1wt% to 5wt% Macrogol 600 diacrylate;

(iv) 1wt% to 3wt% phosphine oxide.

125, the described decoy of claim 124, wherein said ammonia source comprises carbonic hydroammonium and starch.

126, the described decoy of claim 125 further comprises water-gel solution, and wherein said hydrogel solution comprises:

(i) 30wt% to 70wt% PAA;

(ii) 2wt% to 6wt%L (+)-lactic acid;

(iii) 1wt% to 5wt% Macrogol 600 diacrylate;

(iv) 0.5wt% to 2wt% phosphine oxide; With

(v) 30wt% to 70wt% distilled water.

127, a kind of decoy that is used to lure winged insect comprises L (+)-lactic acid-gel solution, and further comprises the ammonia source, wherein:

Described L (+)-lactic acid-gel solution comprises:

(i) the crosslinkable polymer of 10wt% to 50wt%;

(ii) 30wt% to 75wt%L (+)-lactic acid;

(iii) 0.001wt% to 5wt% light trigger;

(iv) 5wt% to 25wt% water;

Wherein the percentage by weight of the lactic acid gel solution component of Ji Suaning is for whole lactic acid gel solutions.

128, the described decoy of claim 127, wherein said lactic acid gel solution comprises 30wt% to 40wt% lactic acid; Crosslinkable polymer comprises 10wt% to 20wt% diacrylate macrogol ester; Light trigger comprises 0.1wt% to 2wt%2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-ketone, and water.

129, the described decoy of claim 127, wherein the ammonia source comprises carbonic hydroammonium, adhesive and solvent.

130, the described decoy of claim 128, wherein the ammonia source comprises 65wt% to 85wt% carbonic hydroammonium, 5wt% to 25wt% starch, and water, wherein the percentage by weight of the ammonia source component of Ji Suaning is for whole ammonias source.

131, a kind of attractant system that is used to be installed to insect trap device, described attractant system comprises:

A housing, it defines at least the first chamber and second Room; Described housing is configured to be installed on the described insect trap device;

First kind of diffusible insect attractant, it is carried by first Room;

Second kind of diffusible insect attractant, it is carried by second Room, and wherein chemical reaction can take place in first and second kinds of diffusible insect attractants mutually;

First Room and second Room have at least one opening respectively, are used for first kind and second kind of diffusible insect attractant are released respectively via it;

First and second Room are separately basic mutually by one or more removable seal members, and described seal member mixes the described closure of openings of described chamber to avoid first and second kinds of diffusible insect attractants substantially;

One or more removable seal members can be removed and the opening of described chamber is opened, so that allow insect attractant therefrom to discharge, thereby when described housing is mounted thereto, attract insects are arrived this insect trap device.

132, the described insect attractant of claim 131 system, wherein said housing comprises the wall that is placed between first and second Room, this wall separates first and second Room.

133, the described insect attractant of claim 132 system, wherein common described housing is columniform.

134, the described insect attractant of claim 133 system, wherein first Room is the axially extended part of housing, second Room is the axially extended another part of housing, has the wall that is axially set between first and second Room.

135, the described insect attractant of claim 134 system, wherein one or more removable seal members are that the plastic foil by the opening that covers described chamber constitutes.

136, the described insect attractant of claim 135 system, wherein said plastic foil wraps housing.

137, the described insect attractant of claim 136 system, the thermal contraction thereon of wherein said plastic foil, thus the opening of chamber is covered.

138, the described insect attractant of claim 131 system, wherein one or more removable seal members are that the plastic foil by the opening that covers described chamber constitutes.

139, the described insect attractant of claim 138 system, wherein plastic foil wraps housing.

140, the described insect attractant of claim 139 system, the thermal contraction thereon of wherein said plastic foil, thus the opening of chamber is covered.

141, the described insect attractant of claim 131 system, wherein first kind of insect attractant is acid, second kind of insect attractant is alkali.

142, the described insect attractant of claim 141 system, wherein first kind of insect attractant comprises lactic acid, second kind of insect attractant comprises ammonia.

143, the described insect attractant of claim 142 system, wherein said lactic acid is in gel, and this lactic acid can discharge from this gel.

144, the described insect attractant of claim 142 system, wherein said ammonia is included in the carbonic hydroammonium, and this ammonia can discharge from this carbonic hydroammonium.

145, the described insect attractant of claim 135 system, wherein first kind of insect attractant is acid, second kind of insect attractant is alkali.

146, the described insect attractant of claim 145 system, wherein first kind of insect attractant comprises lactic acid, second kind of insect attractant comprises ammonia.

147, the described insect attractant of claim 146 system, wherein said lactic acid is in gel, and this lactic acid can discharge from this gel.

148, the described insect attractant of claim 146 system, wherein said ammonia is included in the carbonic hydroammonium, and this ammonia can discharge from this carbonic hydroammonium.

149, the described insect attractant of claim 138 system, wherein first kind of insect attractant is acid, second kind of insect attractant is alkali.

150, the described insect attractant of claim 149 system, wherein first kind of insect attractant comprises lactic acid, second kind of insect attractant comprises ammonia.

151, the described insect attractant of claim 150 system, wherein said lactic acid is in gel, and this lactic acid can discharge from this gel.

152, the described insect attractant of claim 150 system, wherein said ammonia is included in the carbonic hydroammonium, and this ammonia can discharge from this carbonic hydroammonium.

153, the described insect attractant of claim 131 system, wherein said housing is formed by molded plastics.

154, the described insect attractant of claim 135 system, wherein said housing is formed by molded plastics.

155, the described insect attractant of claim 138 system, wherein said housing is formed by molded plastics.

156 1 kinds of attractant systems that are used to be installed on the insect trap device, described device includes the container of inner space and openend, and described system comprises:

Limit the housing of at least the first chamber;

The first kind of diffusible insect attractant that in first Room, carries;

Having at least one opening can make first kind of diffusible insect attractant via its first Room that spreads out;

Described housing is configured to make described housing pass described openend on the described container by the engagement between this housing and this container, be inserted in the inner space of described container, and described attractant system is installed on the described insect trap device, releasedly housing is remained in the container.

157, the described attractant of claim 156 system, the inner space of wherein said container is that elongated and wherein said housing is elongated, so that longitudinally insert via the openend of described container in the elongated interior space of described container.

158, the described attractant of claim 157 system, wherein said housing has the ridge and the groove of a plurality of extend longitudinallies.

159, the described attractant of claim 158 system, wherein said housing has one or more adjustment fins, is used for receiving the one or more corresponding opening in the container, thereby releasedly the attractant system is remained in the container.

160, a kind of attractant system that is used to be installed on the insect trap device, described attractant system comprises:

Be configured to be installed to the housing on this insect trap device;

First kind of diffusible insect attractant;

Second kind of diffusible insect attractant, chemical reaction can take place in wherein said first kind and second kind of diffusible insect attractant mutually;

Wherein first kind and second kind of diffusible insect attractant are loaded in the described housing substantially mutually isolator, spread before use and mix so that prevent; With

Wherein said housing can make first kind and second kind of diffusible insect attractant exposure, thereby spread out from this housing in use.

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