CN1007336B - Particularly suitable for equipping container carriers with hatch panels with improved seals - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

提供了一种特别用于集装箱运输船的封闭设备，它包括许多独立的舱口板，每一个舱口板具有集装箱的长度和宽度尺寸，四个垂直导向件构成一组，每组垂直导向件在它们的角部提供集装箱的导向和固定并伸到船舱板的上面，舱口板密封地和独立地被加到上述导向件组开口的四周上和加到导向件的内表面上。为得到沿导向件叠放的在货舱中的集装箱，只须要将叠放在舱口板上的集装箱卸下，然后用同样的装卸装置将舱口板本身卸下即可。

A closure device is provided, particularly for container carriers, comprising a plurality of independent hatch panels, each of which has the length and width dimensions of a container, a group of four vertical guides, each group of which provides guidance and fixation of the container at their corners and extends above the hatch panels, the hatch panels being sealingly and independently applied to the periphery of the opening of the above-mentioned guide group and to the inner surface of the guides. To obtain the containers stacked in the cargo hold along the guides, it is only necessary to unload the containers stacked on the hatch panels and then unload the hatch panels themselves using the same handling device.

Description

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及在船上运输集装箱。The present invention relates to the transport of containers on board ships.

为了将集装箱放置并固定在货舱中，集装箱运输船一般采用了同每一个集装箱的角配合的导向件。在舱板上，利用人工放置的型钢、铰链和张紧装置等将集装箱放置在封闭板上。为了便于将集装箱放置和贮存在封闭板上，已经提出了改进的方法，方法在于将导向件伸到封闭板的上面。这些导向件一定要能断开或具有可拆卸的部分，使得在启开移动封闭板时，能使封闭板在一个水平面上移动，因此，在需要将贮存于一定货舱内的集装箱卸下时，首先必须将在此货舱封闭板上的所有集装箱垛挪开，这是非常大的工作量而且相当费时。In order to place and secure the containers in the hold, container carriers typically employ guides that fit into the corners of each container. On the deck, the container is placed on the closing plate by means of manually placed steel sections, hinges and tensioning devices. In order to facilitate the placement and storage of containers on closure panels, improved methods have been proposed in that guides protrude above the closure panels. These guides must be able to be disconnected or have detachable parts, so that when the movable closing plate is opened, the closing plate can be moved on a horizontal plane. Therefore, when it is necessary to unload the containers stored in a certain cargo hold, First of all all stacks of containers on this cargo hold closing plate have to be removed, which is very laborious and time consuming.

美国专利No.3827384提出了在一种集装箱运输船上采用独立的封闭板，这种封闭板每个设计成可以滑入一组导向件中，这种集装箱运输船具有配置装箱容放单元的贮存空间，每个集装箱容放单元由一组伸到贮存空间上面的垂直导向件构成。每个独立的封闭板在其相对端具有铰接部件，铰接部件在封闭板于封闭位置时进入封闭板的延伸部，因此封闭板的长度大于由导向件构成的容放单元的长度。这种配置有缺点，它要求在舱板的高度断开垂直导向件，并妨碍将封闭板存放在另一组可利用的导向件中。U.S. Patent No. 3,827,384 proposes the use of separate closing panels on a container ship, each of which is designed to slide into a set of guides, and which has a storage unit equipped with a container storage unit. Each container storage unit consists of a set of vertical guides extending above the storage space. Each individual closing panel has hinged parts at its opposite ends which enter into the extension of the closing panel when the closing panel is in the closed position, so that the length of the closing panel is greater than the length of the receiving unit constituted by the guide. This arrangement has the disadvantage that it requires disconnection of the vertical guides at the level of the deck and prevents the closure panel from being stored in another set of guides available.

本发明的目的是克服已知装置的缺点，为此，提供了一种很有效的简单装置，这种装置不仅使系统能够用凸出在舱板上面的垂直导向 件引导集装箱，从而能够获得贮放在一个货舱中的集装箱而不需要移动不是直接贮放在这个货舱上面的那些集装箱，而且还不要求在舱口板的高度上断开导向件，这种装置还可使这些舱口板可以贮放在另外一组可利用的导向件的任何高度上。The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known devices and, for this purpose, to provide a very effective and simple device which not only enables the guides the containers so that containers stored in a hold can be obtained without the need to move those containers not stored directly above the hold, and without requiring disconnection of the guides at the level of the hatch plate, this device It is also possible to make the hatch panels stowable at any height of the other set of guides available.

在本发明中，用来仅复盖一个集装箱位置的独立的舱口板与用来导向集装箱垛的每一导向系统相联系，这种舱口板密封式地同一个在舱板中形成的固定框架和导向件相配合，而这些导向件并不断开。舱口板最好设计成可用搬运集装箱的装卸吊架操作，因此很容易理解，要取得叠放在船洞内部的某个集装箱，只需要挪动叠放在需要取的那个集装箱上的桥接板上的集装箱，再挪动相应的舱口板，即利用搬运过集装箱的吊架将相应的舱口板沿导向件滑动，然后或许再搬开在货舱内的在要取的那个集装箱上面叠放的集装箱就行了。In the present invention, an independent hatch panel for covering only one container position is associated with each guide system for guiding the stack of containers, this hatch panel is sealed with a fixed hatch formed in the deck. The frame and guides cooperate without breaking the guides. The hatch plate is preferably designed to be operated by the loading and unloading hanger for handling containers, so it is easy to understand that to obtain a container stacked inside the ship hole, it is only necessary to move the bridging plate stacked on the container that needs to be taken container, and then move the corresponding hatch plate, that is, use the hanger that has moved the container to slide the corresponding hatch plate along the guide, and then move away the container stacked on the container to be picked up in the cargo hold That's it.

在舱口板自身重量和常规销的作用下，利用密封垫的压缩提供了本发明的舱口板沿其四周的密封，而利用另一个密封垫则提供了每一个导向件内的密封，这个密封垫或者在导向件内水平受压，或者在导向件上构成的短槽中垂直受压。同导向件配合的密封器例如被安装在一个转动活叶上，此活叶在密封位置时在一弹簧的作用下被拉紧。The compression of the gasket provides the sealing of the hatch panel of the present invention around its perimeter under the weight of the hatch panel itself and the conventional pins, while the sealing within each guide is provided by another gasket, the The gasket is compressed either horizontally in the guide or vertically in a short groove formed in the guide. The seal cooperating with the guide is mounted, for example, on a rotating flap which is tensioned under the action of a spring in the sealing position.

本发明的舱口板在其四角有开口，这些开口与集装箱上的开口是一致的，因此使舱口板可以用常规的吊架吊运。但是这些开口被固定在部件上，这些部件在达到舱口板升高位置的支座以前可以垂直滑动，这些部件的滑动自动控制舱口板销的退出和导向件中的密封垫和销的退回，这可使舱口板离开其导向件。为重新放置舱口板，利用吊架进行相反的操作，吊架松开舱口板角部件，从而通过弹簧或平衡块的作用操纵舱口板的密封联锁。The hatch plate of the present invention has openings at its four corners, and these openings are consistent with the openings on the container, so that the hatch plate can be lifted with conventional hangers. But these openings are fixed on parts which can slide vertically before reaching the seat in the raised position of the hatch plate, the sliding of these parts automatically controls the exit of the hatch plate pin and the retraction of the gasket and pin in the guide , which allows the hatch panel to clear its guide. To reposition the hatch panel, the reverse operation is performed using the hanger, which releases the hatch panel corners, thereby operating the sealing interlock of the hatch panel by the action of a spring or counterweight.

为了更好理解本发明的装置，下面参考附图，作为不受限定的例子说明本发明的最佳实施例，在这些附图中：In order to better understand the device of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated as a non-limiting example below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in these accompanying drawings:

图1是集装箱运输船的垂直截面部分示意图，利用本发明的个别舱口板示出了其中货舱的封闭;Figure 1 is a partial schematic view in vertical section of a container carrier showing the closure of cargo holds therein using individual hatch panels of the present invention;

图2是本发明的一块舱口板在封闭位置时并部分被切去的顶视图，此板配置在另一块在封闭位置的舱口板和一个未封闭的舱口之间;Figure 2 is a top view, partly cut away, of a hatch panel of the present invention in the closed position, the panel being disposed between another hatch panel in the closed position and an unclosed hatch;

图3是图2舱口板一个角的垂直截面图，该截面是沿图2的Ⅲ-Ⅲ线切开的，穿过平分一个导向件的平面。Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of one corner of the hatch panel of Figure 2, the section being taken along line III-III of Figure 2, through a plane bisecting a guide.

图4是沿图2Ⅳ-Ⅳ线截开的本发明舱口板一个角的垂直截面图;Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a corner of the hatch panel of the present invention cut along the line of Fig. 2Ⅳ-Ⅳ;

图5是舱口板一个角的部分平面图;Figure 5 is a partial plan view of one corner of the hatch panel;

图6是沿图2Ⅳ-Ⅳ线截开的垂直截面图;Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of Fig. 2;

图7和图8分别是图6的联锁装置在活动位置和固定位置时的部分平面图;Figure 7 and Figure 8 are partial plan views of the interlocking device of Figure 6 in the active position and the fixed position, respectively;

图9是一透视图，示出在垂直导向件附近的舱口的边缘，表示密封装置两种不同的实施例;Figure 9 is a perspective view showing the edge of the hatch near the vertical guide, showing two different embodiments of the sealing means;

图10是图3所示结构的变形结构，示出了角密封垫同垂直导向件中槽的配合。Figure 10 is a variation of the structure shown in Figure 3 showing the engagement of the corner seals with the grooves in the vertical guides.

参考图1，集装箱运输船的货舱用1表示，2表示从货舱底部伸出的许多垂直导向件，此导向件一直伸到船板的上面。这些导向件2被配置成四根一组，以便引导集装箱3的四个角，每个导向件为角铁的形状。按照本发明，利用相同的彼此独立的舱口板5便可达到对货舱的封闭，舱口板的每一个均由一组导向件2引导并提供了在舱面上 为穿过这些导向件而形成的开口的密封封闭。在图1中的左手部分示出了由导向件2保持的，放置在货舱1中和放置在于封闭位置的舱口板5上面的叠置集装箱3。此图的中心部分示出放置在舱口板5′上的集装箱3已被取走后的同样的叠置集装箱，而右边部分表示除去舱口板5″，从而可以得到叠置在货舱1中的集装箱3，图中表示了集装箱3穿过舱口板高度时的状态。Referring to Fig. 1, the cargo hold of a container carrier is represented by 1, and 2 represents a plurality of vertical guides protruding from the bottom of the cargo hold, and this guide extends to the top of the ship deck. Theseguide pieces 2 are arranged in groups of four so as to guide the four corners of thecontainer 3, and each guide piece is in the shape of an angle iron. According to the invention, the closure of the cargo compartment is achieved by means of thesame hatch panels 5 independent of each other, each of which is guided by a set ofguides 2 and provided with a For the sealing closure of the openings formed through these guides. In the left hand part of Fig. 1 is shown a stack ofcontainers 3 held byguides 2, placed in thecargo hold 1 and placed on top of thehatch panel 5 in closed position. The central part of this figure shows the same stacked container after thecontainer 3 placed on the hatch plate 5' has been removed, while the right part shows the removal of thehatch plate 5", so that the stacked container in thecargo hold 1 can be obtained Thecontainer 3 of the figure shows the state when thecontainer 3 passes through the height of the hatch plate.

舱口板5在其横边和纵边都有用橡皮，或用其它具有合适柔性和弹性的材料作的密封垫6（图2和图6），用于在封闭位置时被压缩在钢梁9的平行凸边7和8之间，钢梁9同船的结构为一整体，舱口板的长度和宽度基本上等于集装箱的尺寸。在舱口板的四角上的凸边7和8之间可能产生渗漏，为了从这两条凸边之间的空间除去这种渗漏，装有向外指向的排出管10（图6和图9）。Thehatch plate 5 has a gasket 6 (Fig. 2 and 6) made of rubber, or other suitable flexible and elastic material, on its transverse and longitudinal sides, for being compressed against thesteel girder 9 in the closed position. Between the parallel flanges 7 and 8, thesteel girder 9 is integrated with the structure of the ship, and the length and width of the hatch plate are substantially equal to the size of the container. In order to remove this leakage from the space between the flanges 7 and 8 on the four corners of the hatch plate, where leakage may occur, an outwardly directed discharge pipe 10 (Fig. 6 and Figure 9).

舱口板在每一个角上具有紧扣角部件11，此部件类似于标准集装箱上的紧扣角部件，它被设计成可与提升集装箱的设备，例如与所谓（集装箱）吊架相啮合。紧扣角部件被装置为当该角部件11受到吊架的啮合时（图3和4），它可以在舱口板上形成的圆柱形支柱12中沿一有限距离垂直滑动。角部件的垂直运动也可以由一铰链提供。The hatch panel has fasteningcorner pieces 11 at each corner, similar to those on standard containers, designed to engage with equipment for lifting the container, for example with so-called (container) hangers. The fastening corner piece is arranged so that when thecorner piece 11 is engaged by the hanger (Figures 3 and 4), it can slide vertically along a limited distance in thecylindrical strut 12 formed in the hatch panel. Vertical movement of the corner pieces can also be provided by a hinge.

将密封垫6的纵向和横向部分相邻端结合起来便得到三角形的角密封垫13（见图3），利用此密封垫13可以形成舱口板5的四个角的每一个角的密封，舱口板的角保持同导向件2接触。转动活叶15沿舱口板5的轴16铰接，此角密封垫13利用对接搭板14固定在转动活叶15上。转动活叶15可以在降低的位置（图3中由实线表示的位置）和升高的位置（图3中用虚线表示的位置）之间的一 个垂直平面上转动，在降低的位置，三角形密封垫13被水平地施加到导向件2的内表面上，从而提供沿导向件的密封，而在升高的位置，密封垫13离开导向件2。Combining the adjacent ends of the longitudinal and transverse portions of thegasket 6 results in a triangular corner gasket 13 (see Figure 3), with whichgasket 13 can form a seal for each of the four corners of thehatch panel 5, The corners of the hatch plate remain in contact with theguides 2 . The rotatingflap 15 is hinged along the shaft 16 of thehatch plate 5, and thiscorner sealing gasket 13 is fixed on the rotatingflap 15 by usingbutt straps 14. Therotary flap 15 can be in a position between a lowered position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 3 ) and a raised position (the position indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 3 ). In the lowered position, thetriangular gasket 13 is applied horizontally to the inner surface of theguide 2, thereby providing a seal along the guide, while in the raised position, thegasket 13 leaves theguide 2. .

活叶15与底板17形成一整体，底板凸出在舱口板5的下面，相对于活叶15其指向是这样，使得在活叶升高的位置时，底板17进入水平位置，在这一位置，活叶不再从舱口板向下凸出（图3中用虚线示出的位置）。Theflap 15 is formed in one piece with abottom plate 17 which protrudes below thehatch plate 5 and which is oriented relative to theflap 15 so that in the raised position of the flap thebottom plate 17 enters a horizontal position, in which case position, the flap no longer protrudes downwards from the hatch plate (the position shown by the dotted line in Figure 3).

紧扣角部件11在其下端有钩形部分18，在角部件11升高的位置（图4中用虚线表示），钩形部件18驱动杠杆19，杠杆19的延伸部20装有柱轴21，此柱轴21与片部件23上加工的槽口22配合，片部件23绕固定柱轴24转动，片部件23还有另一个作用在柱轴26上的槽口25，柱轴26与底板17成一整体，用于控制活叶15在其下降位置和其升高位置之间运动。弯钩27固定在杠杆19上，在相应于紧扣角部件11下降位置的杠杆19的位置，弯钩27被设计为同由导向件2支承的支持片部件28啮合，从而锁住舱口板。一个强有力的复位弹簧29配置在转动片部件23和舱口板5之间。Thefastening corner part 11 has ahook part 18 at its lower end, and in the raised position of the corner part 11 (shown in dashed lines in Fig. 4), thehook part 18 drives alever 19, theextension 20 of which is equipped with a column shaft 21 , the column shaft 21 cooperates with the notch 22 processed on the sheet part 23, the sheet part 23 rotates around the fixed column shaft 24, the sheet part 23 also has another notch 25 acting on thecolumn shaft 26, thecolumn shaft 26 and thebottom plate 17 is integral and is used to control the movement of theflap 15 between its lowered position and its raised position. A hook 27 is fixed on thelever 19, at a position corresponding to thelever 19 fastening the lowered position of thecorner piece 11, the hook 27 is designed to engage with the support plate part 28 supported by theguide 2, thereby locking the hatch panel . A powerful return spring 29 is disposed between the rotating piece part 23 and thehatch plate 5 .

当舱口板5被用来封闭用来通过40英尺（12.192米）长的标准化集装箱的舱口时，沿舱口板的每一纵边在其中间装有一个或几个销30（图6）。此销30是直角形的，由垂直连杆31的下端支持，垂直连杆31可于舱口板的支架中转动。连杆31在其四周被固定到环形片部件31′上。而将销30退回到被销着位置的弹簧31″的端部和本身连接到转动片部件23的连杆32的端部沿直径相对地固定在环形片部件31′上。因此如图4上见到的，转动片部件23 在反时针方向的转动将驱动杆31转四分之一转，使销30进入到它的如图6的右边部分所示的未销着的位置，而转动片部件23在相反方向的转动，在紧扣角部件11松开期间将使杆31在弹簧31″的作用下在另外方向转动四分之一转，从而使销30进入到如图6左边部分所示的被锁着的位置。When thehatch plate 5 is used to close the hatch for passing a 40-foot (12.192 m) long standardized container, one orseveral pins 30 are mounted in the middle along each longitudinal side of the hatch plate (Fig. 6 ). Thispin 30 is rectangular and is supported by the lower end of avertical link 31 which is rotatable in the bracket of the hatch plate. The connectingrod 31 is fixed at its periphery to the annular sheet member 31'. And thepin 30 is returned to the end of thespring 31 " of the pinned position and the end of the connectingrod 32 that itself is connected to the rotating piece part 23 and is diametrically oppositely fixed on the annular piece part 31 '. Therefore as shown in Fig. 4 see, turn piece part 23 Rotation in the counterclockwise direction turns the drive rod 31 a quarter turn, causing thepin 30 to enter its unpinned position as shown in the right part of Figure 6, while rotation of the blade member 23 in the opposite direction, During the loosening of thefastening corner piece 11, therod 31 will be turned a quarter turn in the other direction under the action of thespring 31", so that thepin 30 will enter the locked position as shown in the left part of Fig. 6 .

从上面的叙述可以知道操作过程，当由同一组导向件2引导的集装箱3，已利用像吊架这样的常规的装卸位置，被叠置在船的货舱1的顶部时，相应的舱口则利用舱口板5封闭，舱口板5在其角的位置被吊架紧紧夹住，然后沿导向件2下降。在这一时刻，作用在紧扣角部件11上的牵引力使弯钩27进入到它们的由图4虚线表示的退回位置，通过转动片部件23，活叶15转到它的如图3虚线表示的升高位置。如果舱口板具有中间销30，则销30处于图6右边所示的放开位置。在舱口板下移到终点时，舱口板5接触舱口的四周，吊架松开紧扣角部件11，然后此角部件11由于惯性向下运动进入他们的支座12。紧扣角部件11的这种运动松开了由杠杆19和转动片部件23所构成的机构，该转动片部件23在弹簧29的作用下进入由图4实线所表示的位置，在此位置，弯钩27（可能还有图6中受弹簧31″作用的销30）进入到舱口板的锁定位置。在这一位置，转动片部件23通过底板17的柱轴26使活叶15进入到降下的位置，在这一位置，三角形密封垫13被加到导向件2的内角（图3实线表示的位置）。因此没有任何人工干预，舱口板5便自动地被放置而且被密封式地锁定，不仅沿舱口的纵边和横边由密封垫6密封，而且还对着导向件2的内表面密封（利用三角形的密封垫13）。然后可以沿同样的导向件2将集装箱叠置在舱口板5上。It can be known from the above description that when thecontainer 3 guided by the same set ofguides 2 has been stacked on top of the cargo hold 1 of the ship using conventional loading and unloading positions such as the hanger, the corresponding hatch is then Utilize thehatch plate 5 to close, and thehatch plate 5 is clamped tightly by the hanger at its corner position, then descends along theguide 2. At this moment, the traction force acting on the fasteningcorner part 11 causes the crotch 27 to enter their retracted position indicated by the dotted line in Fig. elevated position. If the hatch plate has anintermediate pin 30, thepin 30 is in the released position shown on the right in FIG. 6 . When the hatch plate moved down to the end point, thehatch plate 5 contacted the surroundings of the hatch, the hanger unclamped thecorner parts 11, and then thecorner parts 11 moved down into theirbearings 12 due to inertia. This movement of fastening thecorner piece 11 unclamps the mechanism constituted by thelever 19 and the turning piece part 23, and the turning piece part 23 enters the position indicated by the solid line in Fig. 4 under the effect of the spring 29, in this position , the hook 27 (possibly also thepin 30 acted by thespring 31 "in Fig. 6) enters the locked position of the hatch plate. In this position, the rotating piece part 23 makes theflap 15 enter through thecolumn shaft 26 of thebottom plate 17 To the lowered position, in this position, thetriangular gasket 13 is added to the inner corner of the guide 2 (the position indicated by the solid line in Figure 3).Therefore, without any manual intervention, thehatch plate 5 is automatically placed and sealed locked in a manner not only along the longitudinal and transverse sides of the hatch by thegasket 6, but also against the inner surface of the guide 2 (using the triangular gasket 13). The container can then be moved along thesame guide 2 Superimposed on thehatch plate 5.

如果需要取得叠置在上述导向件2之间的在货舱1中的集装箱3，则利用吊架将叠置在舱口板5上的集装箱3运走，然后利用同样的吊架装置，利用舱口板的紧扣角部件11紧紧扣着舱口板5。由此作用在紧扣角部件11上的牵引力便使这些角部件滑到它们的顶端位置，在此同时自动松开了舱口板（弯钩27和销30），三角形密封垫13离开了角铁2。舱口板因此可以沿导向件2被升高，以致可以被安放在另外的舱口板上，或集装箱上，或码头的地上。在此位置，舱口板5被支承在进入水平位置（由图3虚线所表示的位置）的底板17上，活叶15的升高位置对应于上述的底板水平位置，因此，虽然紧扣角部件11被放松了，但三角形的密封垫13，以及弯钩27和销30仍处于它们被退回的位置，在这一位置它们不会凸出，超过舱口板的几何大小，从而没有受到附近运动物体损害的危险。但是，紧扣角部件11由于惯性仍然还要向下运动到低的位置，由于在此角部件体上在部分18的上面形成的开口11′，因此角部件11受到了保护，能够接收另外的舱口板或在其上叠置集装箱。If it is necessary to obtain thecontainer 3 in the cargo hold 1 stacked between the above-mentionedguides 2, thecontainer 3 stacked on thehatch plate 5 is carried away by using a hanger, and then the same hanger device is used to use the hold The fasteningcorner parts 11 of the mouth plate tightly buckle thehatch plate 5 . The traction force acting on the fasteningcorner parts 11 thus makes these corner parts slide to their top position, at the same time automatically unclamp the hatch plate (hook 27 and pin 30), and thetriangular gasket 13 leaves the corner Iron 2. The hatch panel can thus be raised along theguides 2 so that it can be placed on another hatch panel, or on a container, or on the quay floor. In this position, thehatch panel 5 is supported on thefloor 17 entering the horizontal position (the position indicated by the dotted line in Fig. Thepart 11 is loosened, but thetriangular gasket 13, as well as the hook 27 and thepin 30 are still in their retracted position, in which they do not protrude beyond the geometry of the hatch plate and thus are not affected by the surrounding Risk of injury from moving objects. However, thefastening corner piece 11 still has to move downwards to a low position due to inertia, and because of theopening 11 ′ formed above theportion 18 on this corner piece body, thecorner piece 11 is protected and can receive additional Hatch panels or on which containers are stacked.

在图10所示的变形结构中，设计了由转动活叶15所带的三角形密封垫13，使在其对应于舱口板角部件11松开条件下的有效位置进入一条实际上水平的槽34，该槽被加工在导向件2两翼的每一翼上，因此提供了垂直密封。在这种情况下，导向件2在槽34的高度装有外部加强件35。因为此槽34是倾斜的，所以它不妨碍集装箱的滑动。在图9中在右边的滑动部分被示为连续的，以便水平施加密封垫13，而左边的滑动部分具有槽34，从而允许垂直施加密封垫13。In the deformed structure shown in Figure 10, thetriangular gasket 13 carried by the rotatingflap 15 is designed so that it enters a practically horizontal groove in its effective position corresponding to the loosened condition of the hatchplate corner part 11 34, the groove is machined on each of the two wings of theguide 2, thus providing a vertical seal. In this case, theguide 2 is provided with anexternal reinforcement 35 at the level of thegroove 34 . Since thisslot 34 is inclined, it does not hinder the sliding of the container. The slide portion on the right in FIG. 9 is shown as continuous to allow thegasket 13 to be applied horizontally, while the slide portion to the left has agroove 34 to allow thegasket 13 to be applied vertically.

只利用简单的例子进行了上面的说明，当然没有作任何限制性， 只要不违背下述权利要求所确定的本发明的范围和精神，当然可以进行结构性的补加或改进。当然也可以采用其它的像平衡块或受压液体这样的复位装置来代替弹簧29和31″。当然还可以利用非转动的活叶15的运动，或利用遵从膨胀式密封已知原理的液体使密封垫13施加到该导向体上，密封垫13的松开总是通过紧扣角部件11的运动来实现。The above description has only been carried out using simple examples, of course without any limitation, Structural additions or improvements may of course be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention as defined by the following claims. Of course other return means such as weights or pressurized liquids can be used to replace thesprings 29 and 31". Of course, the movement of thenon-rotating flap 15 can also be used, or a liquid that follows the known principle of inflatable seals can be used. Agasket 13 is applied to this guide body, the release of thegasket 13 being always effected by a movement of thefastening corner part 11 .

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1、一种用于密封式封闭具有许多组垂直导向件的集装箱贮存空间的设备，每一个上述的组包括四根导向件，导向件用于同要被叠置的集装箱的棱角配合，它伸到贮存空间的上面，从而可使集装箱叠置在处于封闭位置的封闭设备的上面，上述封闭设备由许多单个的板构成，其特征在于，这种单个的板可以采用沿一组垂直导向件滑动的方法，独立而且密封式地被加到包围上述垂直导向件组的开口的四周上，在这种密封式封闭集装箱贮存空间的设备中，每一个上述的板，在启开位置如同在封闭位置一样，在导向件的附近具有集装箱的长度和宽度尺寸，并在每一个角包含密封装置，该密封装置适合于密封式地同这个角相应的导向件的内部相配合，这使得可以采用不断开的导向件。1. A device for hermetically closing container storage spaces having a plurality of sets of vertical guides, each of which includes four guides for cooperating with the corners of containers to be stacked, which extend To the top of the storage space, so that the container can be stacked on top of the closing device in the closed position, said closing device is composed of a plurality of individual panels, characterized in that the individual panels can be used to slide along a set of vertical guides The method is independently and hermetically added to the periphery of the opening surrounding the above-mentioned vertical guide group. In this device for hermetically closing the container storage space, each of the above-mentioned panels is in the open position as in the closed position. Also, having the length and width dimensions of the container in the vicinity of the guide, and containing a seal at each corner, the seal is adapted to sealingly cooperate with the interior of the corresponding guide at this corner, which makes it possible to use non-disconnecting guides.2、如权利要求1所述的用于构成封闭设备的舱口板，其特征是：沿其纵边和横边，对着待封闭开口的四周，它具有要受垂直压缩的密封垫，而在每一个角，它具有截面为三角形的密封垫，用于密封式同相应于这个角的导向件的内部相配合。2. Hatch plate for constituting a closing device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it has, along its longitudinal and transverse sides, facing the periphery of the opening to be closed, a gasket to be subjected to vertical compression, and At each corner, it has a gasket of triangular cross-section for sealingly cooperating with the interior of the guide corresponding to this corner.3、如权利要求2所述的舱口板，其中，上述的角密封垫被装在一个活叶上，该活叶可以在升高的松开位置和同导向件密封接触的下降位置之间进行运动，例如进行转动。3. A hatch panel as claimed in claim 2, wherein said corner gasket is mounted on a flap movable between a raised, released position and a lowered position in sealing contact with the guide Make a movement, such as turning.4、如权利要求2或权利要求3所述的舱口板，其中，角密封垫对着导向件两相邻翼的内表面，沿水平方向形成了角密封垫的密封接触。4. A hatch panel as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the corner seals form sealing contact of the corner seals in the horizontal direction against the inner surfaces of two adjacent wings of the guide.5、如权利要求2或权利要求3所述的舱口板，其中，在导向件两个相邻翼中形成的槽中，沿垂直方向形成角密封垫的密封接触。5. A hatch panel as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the sealing contact of the corner gasket is formed in the vertical direction in grooves formed in two adjacent wings of the guide.6、如权利要求2至5中任何一项权利要求所述的舱口板，它在每一个角有一个可垂直移动的部件，这一部件使舱口板可以用集装箱装卸装置紧紧扣住，在同舱口板同一角相关的上述部件和上述可动活叶之间提供了机械连接，以便当牵引力被加到上述部件时，可以自动地使活叶进入到其松开密封垫的升高位置，当上述滑动部件松开时，复位弹簧或重量使活叶回到同密封垫接触的降低的位置。6. A hatch panel as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5 which has a vertically movable member at each corner which allows the hatch panel to be securely fastened by container handling means , a mechanical connection is provided between the said part associated with the same corner of the hatch plate and the said movable flap, so that when traction is applied to the said part, the flap is automatically brought into its lift to loosen the gasket. In the high position, when the above-mentioned sliding member is released, the return spring or weight returns the flap to the lowered position in contact with the gasket.7、如权利要求2至6中任何一项权利要求所述的舱口板，其中，在舱口板的每一个角上提供了在封闭位置锁住舱口板的装置，上述锁定装置由机械装置连接到同舱口板同一角相关的滑动部件，以便当牵引力被加到上述滑动部件时，可以自动控制舱口板的松开，而当上述滑动部件松开时，回复弹簧使上述锁定装置回到起作用的位置。7. A hatch panel as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein means are provided at each corner of the hatch panel to lock the hatch panel in the closed position, said locking means being mechanically The device is connected to the sliding member in relation to the same corner of the hatch plate, so that when traction is applied to said sliding member, the release of the hatch plate can be automatically controlled, and when the said sliding member is released, the return spring makes the said locking device Get back to where it works.8、如权利要求7所述的舱口板，它在每一纵边上，在其长度的中间具有锁定件，根据滑动部件是受到牵引力的作用还是被松开，上述机械装置和回复弹簧自动控制锁定件进入松开的位置或进入锁定的位置。8. A hatch panel as claimed in claim 7, having locking members on each longitudinal side in the middle of its length, said mechanism and return springs automatically Control the locking member into a released position or into a locked position.9、如权利要求3至8中任何一项权利要求所述的舱口板，它在每一个角上包含固定到上述活叶上并通过其上开口凸出于舱口板下面的转动底板，底板和活叶的相对倾斜是这样的，使得当舱口板被放置在地上、船底或在其导向件中的集装箱上时，活叶和销将处于升高的受保护的位置，使舱口板被贮放在可被利用的导向件组的任何高度，其中滑动部件仍然可以自由向下运动到其低位置，因而舱口板可以经受其它舱口板或被贮存的集装箱的压力，而不会损坏机械部件。9. A hatch panel as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 8 including at each corner a pivoting base fixed to said flap and projecting below the hatch panel through an upper opening thereof, The relative inclination of the bottom plate and flaps is such that when the hatch plate is placed on the ground, on the bottom of a ship or on a container in its guides, the flaps and pins will be in a raised, protected position, making the hatch The panels are stored at any height where the set of guides can be utilized, where the slide is still free to move down to its lower position, so that the hatch panel can withstand the pressure of other hatch panels or the container being stored without Can damage mechanical parts.10、如权利要求7至9中任何一项权利要求所述舱口板，其中每一个滑动角部件有一个下部，该下部同用于锁定舱口板的固定在弯钩上的转动杠杆相配合，弯钩被设计来在固定支座部件的下面啮合，上述转动杠杆啮合一块转动片，该转动片对抗复位装置的作用绕固定柱轴转动，一方向转动片同与转动活叶成整体的柱轴配合，另一方面又可能同中间锁定部件的控制连杆配合。10. A hatch panel as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein each sliding corner piece has a lower portion which cooperates with a pivoting lever fixed on a hook for locking the hatch panel , the hook is designed to engage under the fixed support part, and the above-mentioned rotating lever engages a rotating piece, which rotates around the fixed column axis against the action of the reset device. The shaft fits, and on the other hand it may fit with the control link of the intermediate locking part.

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