一、技术领域1. Technical field
本发明涉及一种集中冷却式风力发电机系统，属风力发电机。The invention relates to a centralized cooling type wind power generator system, which belongs to the wind power generator.
二、背景技术2. Background technology
作为可再生能源技术中最成熟的风力发电，对于应对大量使用传统化石燃料能源所带来的迫在眉梢的自然环境、社会危机，是个切实可行的解决方案。在全世界范围内，风力发电正迅速并持续的发展着，在过去的20多年里，风力发电机的单台最大功率已由原来的几十千瓦到如今的2500千瓦，正朝着单机5000千瓦的目标迈进，采用多台机组并网发电的风电场功率可达数十万千瓦，已成为能源供应链中的重要组成部分，而不再是可有可无的补充能源。我国幅员辽阔，风能资源十分丰富，随着科学技术的不断进步，风力发电的经济性不断改善，加之我国已把可再生能源作为我国能源战略的重要组成部分，风力发电拥有巨大的潜在市场。As the most mature renewable energy technology, wind power generation is a practical solution to the imminent natural environment and social crisis caused by the massive use of traditional fossil fuel energy. All over the world, wind power generation is developing rapidly and continuously. In the past 20 years, the maximum power of a single wind turbine has changed from tens of kilowatts to 2,500 kilowatts today, and is heading towards 5,000 kilowatts for a single machine. The goal is moving forward. The power of wind farms using multiple units connected to the grid for power generation can reach hundreds of thousands of kilowatts, and has become an important part of the energy supply chain, rather than a dispensable supplementary energy source. my country has a vast territory and is rich in wind energy resources. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, the economics of wind power generation has been continuously improved. In addition, my country has taken renewable energy as an important part of my country's energy strategy, and wind power has a huge potential market.
为了实现风力发电机高效、稳定、安全的长期运行，需在风力发电机系统中配置必要的冷却措施，以保证齿轮箱、发电机及控制变频器等部件在一定的温度范围内工作。目前对这些部件的冷却普遍采用强制风冷和水冷方式，其中强制风冷适用于功率低于750kW的小型发电机组，而对于功率大于750kW的风电机组，则需采用循环水冷的方式才能满足冷却的要求。当前，采用水冷方式的风力发电机单机最大功率已达2500kW，进一步改进冷却方式(如采用蒸发制冷循环)，单机最大功率有望进一步提高。然而这些风力发电机组由于需要在每台机子上单独设置完整的冷却系统，普遍存在系统复杂的问题，给安装、维修带来了很大的难度，运行可靠性和经济性也较差，尤其是随着风力发电机组向大型化方向的进一步迈进，其运行过程中产生的热量将急剧增加，对冷却系统的要求也更为苛刻，传统的单机组冷却方式带来的上述不利影响将更为突出，为此十分有必要发展基于其它冷却方式的风力发电机系统，进一步改善风力发电机性能。In order to achieve efficient, stable, and safe long-term operation of wind turbines, it is necessary to configure necessary cooling measures in the wind turbine system to ensure that components such as gearboxes, generators, and control frequency converters work within a certain temperature range. At present, forced air cooling and water cooling are commonly used to cool these components. Among them, forced air cooling is suitable for small generator sets with power less than 750kW, while for wind turbines with power greater than 750kW, circulating water cooling is required to meet the cooling requirements. Require. At present, the maximum power of a single wind turbine using water cooling has reached 2500kW, further improving the cooling method (such as the use of evaporative refrigeration cycle), the maximum power of a single machine is expected to be further increased. However, because these wind turbines need to install a complete cooling system on each machine, there are generally complex problems in the system, which brings great difficulties to installation and maintenance, and poor operating reliability and economy. With the further development of wind turbines in the direction of large-scale, the heat generated during their operation will increase sharply, and the requirements for the cooling system will be more stringent. The above-mentioned adverse effects brought about by the traditional single-unit cooling method will become more prominent Therefore, it is very necessary to develop wind turbine systems based on other cooling methods to further improve the performance of wind turbines.
三、发明内容3. Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种结构简单、调节能力强、可靠性高、运行费用低，能够满足各种冷却要求的集中冷却式风力发电机系统。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a centralized cooling wind power generator system with simple structure, strong adjustment ability, high reliability, low operating cost and meeting various cooling requirements.
该系统包括设置在风力发电场中的冷却机组、循环泵、风力发电机、冷却介质输送管和冷却介质回收管，其中冷却机组的输出与循环泵的输入相连，循环泵的输出通过冷却介质输送管分别连于各个风力发电机的发电机换热器的输入、变频器换热器的输入和齿轮箱换热器的输入，各个风力发电机的发电机换热器的输出、变频器换热器的输出和齿轮箱换热器的输出各自连于冷却介质回收管的输入，冷却介质回收管的输出连于冷却机组的输入。所述的风力发电机内部包括了台架、风轮、低速轴、齿轮箱、齿轮箱换热器、高速轴、控制变频器、控制变频器换热器、发电机、发电机换热器、冷却介质和机舱盖。其特征是冷却介质由冷却机组集中冷却，然后通过冷却介质输送管送入各风力发电机，循环流经设置在齿轮箱、发电机和控制变频器外部的换热器将由它们产生的热量带走，最后通过冷却介质回收管返回冷却机组进行冷却，依此反复循环，保证了风力发电机组高效、稳定、安全的长期工作。The system includes cooling units, circulation pumps, wind generators, cooling medium delivery pipes and cooling medium recovery pipes installed in the wind farm, where the output of the cooling unit is connected to the input of the circulation pump, and the output of the circulation pump is conveyed through the cooling medium The tubes are respectively connected to the input of the generator heat exchanger of each wind turbine, the input of the inverter heat exchanger and the input of the gearbox heat exchanger, the output of the generator heat exchanger of each wind turbine, and the inverter heat exchanger. The output of the heat exchanger and the output of the gearbox heat exchanger are respectively connected to the input of the cooling medium recovery pipe, and the output of the cooling medium recovery pipe is connected to the input of the cooling unit. The inside of the wind power generator includes a stand, a wind wheel, a low-speed shaft, a gear box, a gear box heat exchanger, a high-speed shaft, a control frequency converter, a control frequency converter heat exchanger, a generator, a generator heat exchanger, Cooling medium and canopy. It is characterized in that the cooling medium is centrally cooled by the cooling unit, and then sent to each wind turbine through the cooling medium delivery pipe, and circulates through the heat exchanger arranged outside the gear box, generator and control frequency converter to take away the heat generated by them , and finally return to the cooling unit through the cooling medium recovery pipe for cooling, and repeat the cycle accordingly to ensure the efficient, stable and safe long-term work of the wind turbine.
与目前采用强制风冷、水冷的单机组冷却式发电机系统相比，该系统具有结构简单、调节能力强、可靠性高、运行费用低等突出优点，而且可根据风力发电机设备运行要求，灵活采用各种制冷方式，为风力发电机提供最佳工作温度。Compared with the current single-unit cooling generator system that adopts forced air cooling and water cooling, this system has outstanding advantages such as simple structure, strong adjustment ability, high reliability, and low operating cost. Flexible use of various cooling methods to provide the best working temperature for wind turbines.
四、附图说明4. Description of drawings
图1是集中冷却式风力发电机系统示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a centralized cooling wind turbine system.
图2是集中冷却式风力发电机示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a centralized cooling wind power generator.
图1中标号名称：1、冷却机组，2、循环泵，3、风力发电机，4、冷却介质输送管，5、冷却介质回收管。Designations of labels in Fig. 1: 1. Cooling unit, 2. Circulation pump, 3. Wind generator, 4. Cooling medium delivery pipe, 5. Cooling medium recovery pipe.
图2中标号名称：6、台架，7、风轮，8、低速轴，9、齿轮箱，10、齿轮箱换热器，11、高速轴，12、控制变频器，13、控制变频器换热器，14、发电机，15、发电机换热器，16、冷却介质，17、机舱盖。Label names in Figure 2: 6, platform, 7, wind wheel, 8, low-speed shaft, 9, gear box, 10, gear box heat exchanger, 11, high-speed shaft, 12, control frequency converter, 13, control frequency converter Heat exchanger, 14, generator, 15, generator heat exchanger, 16, cooling medium, 17, nacelle cover.
五、具体实施方式5. Specific implementation
根据图1、2所示，本发明的集中冷却式风力发电机系统包括设置在风力发电场中的冷却机组1、循环泵2、风力发电机3、冷却介质输送管4和冷却介质回收管5，其中的风力发电机3包括台架6、风轮7、低速轴8、齿轮箱9、齿轮箱换热器10、高速轴11、控制变频器12、控制变频器换热器13、发电机14、发电机换热器15、冷却介质16和机舱盖17；其特征是冷却介质16由冷却机组1集中冷却，然后通过冷却介质输送管4送入各风力发电机3，循环流经设置在齿轮箱9、发电机14和控制变频器12外部的换热器将由它们产生的热量带走，最后通过冷却介质回收管5返回冷却机组1进行冷却，依此反复循环，保证了风力发电机组高效、稳定、安全的长期工作。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the centralized cooling wind power generator system of the present invention includes a cooling unit 1, a circulation pump 2, a wind power generator 3, a cooling medium delivery pipe 4 and a cooling medium recovery pipe 5 arranged in a wind power plant , wherein the wind generator 3 includes a stand 6, a wind wheel 7, a low-speed shaft 8, a gear box 9, a gear box heat exchanger 10, a high-speed shaft 11, a control frequency converter 12, a control frequency converter heat exchanger 13, a generator 14. Generator heat exchanger 15, cooling medium 16 and nacelle cover 17; it is characterized in that the cooling medium 16 is cooled centrally by the cooling unit 1, and then sent to each wind power generator 3 through the cooling medium delivery pipe 4, and circulates through the The heat exchanger outside the gear box 9, the generator 14 and the control frequency converter 12 will take away the heat generated by them, and finally return to the cooling unit 1 through the cooling medium recovery pipe 5 for cooling, and repeat the cycle accordingly to ensure the high efficiency of the wind turbine. , stable and safe long-term work.
风力发电机工作时，风轮在风力驱动下旋转，其转速通过低速轴8传至齿轮箱9进行增速，经过增速的高速轴11与发电机14内部的转子联接，带动转子高速旋转并切割磁力线产生电势能。与此同时为了避免风力变化时电机转速波动而引起的供电频率改变，确保送到供配电系统的电力满足并网要求，还需要配备控制变频器12对供电频率进行自动调节。在上述发电机系统工作过程中，齿轮箱9、发电机14、控制变频器12会产生大量的热量，如果没有适当的冷却措施，当温度超过一定范围时将会引起烧毁的严重后果。为了确保这些部件在允许的工作温度范围内工作，保证发电机组安全运行，需要在齿轮箱9、发电机14及控制变频器12的外部分别设置齿轮箱换热器10、发电机换热器15及控制变频器换热器13，由流经各换热器的冷却介质16将以上部件产生的热量带走。温度升高后的冷却介质16通过冷却介质回收管5送入设置在风力发电场中的冷却机组1进行集中冷却，然后经由冷却介质输送管4送入各风力发电机3，对各部件进行下一轮循环冷却，从而保证了风力发电机组高效、稳定、安全的长期工作。When the wind generator is working, the wind wheel is driven by the wind to rotate, and its speed is transmitted to the gearbox 9 through the low-speed shaft 8 to increase the speed. After the speed-up, the high-speed shaft 11 is connected with the rotor inside the generator 14, driving the rotor to rotate at high speed and Cutting the magnetic field lines produces electric potential energy. At the same time, in order to avoid the change of the power supply frequency caused by the fluctuation of the motor speed when the wind force changes, and ensure that the power sent to the power supply and distribution system meets the requirements of grid connection, it is also necessary to be equipped with a control frequency converter 12 to automatically adjust the power supply frequency. During the working process of the above-mentioned generator system, the gearbox 9, the generator 14, and the control frequency converter 12 will generate a large amount of heat. If there is no proper cooling measure, when the temperature exceeds a certain range, it will cause serious consequences of burning. In order to ensure that these components work within the allowable operating temperature range and ensure the safe operation of the generator set, it is necessary to install a gearbox heat exchanger 10 and a generator heat exchanger 15 outside the gearbox 9, generator 14 and control frequency converter 12 respectively. And control the frequency converter heat exchanger 13, the heat generated by the above components is taken away by the cooling medium 16 flowing through each heat exchanger. The cooling medium 16 after the temperature rise is sent to the cooling unit 1 arranged in the wind farm through the cooling medium recovery pipe 5 for centralized cooling, and then sent to each wind power generator 3 through the cooling medium delivery pipe 4, and each component is lowered. One round of cycle cooling ensures the efficient, stable and safe long-term work of the wind turbine.
为了减小冷却介质的输送能耗，可在风力发电厂中建造用于架设冷却机组的平台，使得冷却机组与各风力发电机处于同一高度。在实际应用中，冷却机组可根据发电机的冷却需求，选用不同类型的空气冷却器或制冷机组，相对于空气冷却器，采用制冷机组可以获得更低的冷却温度，有利于开发新一代大功率风力发电机系统。当单台冷却机组无法满足制冷量需求时，可设置多台机组，而在气候、季节变化等因素引起制冷量需求波动时，只要改变设备运行台数即可进行灵活调节。对于占地面积广、发电机台数多的风力发电厂，还可根据实际情况在不同的合适部位设置多处集中式冷却机组，以更好地满足冷却需求和合理配置冷却介质输送管道，获得运行的高可靠性和经济性。而对于风力发电机工作温度较低的场合，为了减少冷却介质输送过程中引起的冷量损耗，可采用绝热性能良好的管材并配以一定的绝热处理，如在管外包裹绝热层等。此外，在冷却介质输送、回收管道与风力发电机的连接处可采用波纹管连接，从而更好地适应风力发电机在实际工作中因为风向的改变而旋转机身的情况。In order to reduce the energy consumption of cooling medium transportation, a platform for erecting the cooling unit can be built in the wind power plant, so that the cooling unit and each wind generator are at the same height. In practical applications, the cooling unit can choose different types of air coolers or refrigeration units according to the cooling requirements of the generator. Compared with the air cooler, the refrigeration unit can obtain a lower cooling temperature, which is conducive to the development of a new generation of high-power generators. Wind turbine system. When a single cooling unit cannot meet the cooling capacity demand, multiple units can be installed, and when the cooling capacity demand fluctuates due to factors such as climate and seasonal changes, it can be flexibly adjusted by changing the number of equipment running. For wind power plants with a large area and a large number of generators, multiple centralized cooling units can also be installed in different suitable locations according to the actual situation to better meet the cooling demand and rationally configure the cooling medium delivery pipeline to obtain operational efficiency. high reliability and economy. For the occasions where the working temperature of the wind turbine is low, in order to reduce the cooling loss caused by the cooling medium transportation, the pipe with good heat insulation performance can be used and equipped with certain heat insulation treatment, such as wrapping the heat insulation layer on the outside of the pipe. In addition, bellows can be used at the connection between the cooling medium delivery and recovery pipes and the wind turbine, so as to better adapt to the situation that the wind turbine rotates due to the change of wind direction in actual work.
与目前采用的强制风冷、水冷单机组冷却式风力发电机系统相比，集中冷却式风力发电机系统虽然增加了铺设冷却介质管道的费用和冷却介质的用量以及输送冷却介质所需的能耗，但它具有结构简单、调节能力强、可靠性高、运行费用低等突出优点，而且可根据风力发电机设备运行要求，灵活采用各种制冷方式，为风力发电机提供最佳工作温度，不仅大幅增加了风力发电效率，而且还能延长设备的使用寿命，从而减少设备的维护费用，提高了风力发电的经济性。另外，与单机组分散冷却式风力发电机系统相比，该系统简化了风力发电机内部的冷却设备，降低了运行的自身重量，更有利于风力发电机在高空的运行，也给系统安装、维护带来了很大的便利。此外，对于因季节、气候等改变引起制冷量需求变化时，只需对冷却机组进行调节即可，而无需逐一对各台风力发电机进行操作，控制难度大大降低。Compared with the current forced air-cooled and water-cooled single-unit cooling wind turbine systems, the centralized cooling wind turbine system increases the cost of laying cooling medium pipelines, the amount of cooling medium and the energy consumption required to transport cooling medium , but it has outstanding advantages such as simple structure, strong adjustment ability, high reliability, and low operating cost, and can flexibly adopt various cooling methods according to the operation requirements of wind turbine equipment to provide the best working temperature for wind turbines, not only The efficiency of wind power generation is greatly increased, and the service life of the equipment can be extended, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment and improving the economy of wind power generation. In addition, compared with the single-unit decentralized cooling wind turbine system, this system simplifies the cooling equipment inside the wind turbine, reduces its own weight during operation, is more conducive to the operation of the wind turbine at high altitudes, and also provides system installation, Maintenance brings great convenience. In addition, when the demand for cooling capacity changes due to changes in seasons and climates, it is only necessary to adjust the cooling unit instead of operating each wind turbine one by one, which greatly reduces the difficulty of control.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100974644ACN100523493C (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2006-11-10 | Centralized cooling type wind driven generator system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100974644ACN100523493C (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2006-11-10 | Centralized cooling type wind driven generator system |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1963193A CN1963193A (en) | 2007-05-16 |
| CN100523493Ctrue CN100523493C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100974644AExpired - Fee RelatedCN100523493C (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2006-11-10 | Centralized cooling type wind driven generator system |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20090805 Termination date:20091210 |