CN100502779C - Practical test system for psychophysiological parameters of advanced brain functions - Google Patents

Abstract

A portable system for measuring the psychologic and physiologic parameters of high-class brain functions is disclosed, which features high portability, environment adaptability and practicality.

Description

The practical test macro of the psychological physiological parameter of portable brain Premium Features

The present invention relates to a kind of people's the event-related brain poential of psychological diathesis, ability and personal characteristics and the practical portable test macro of slow wave potential, belong to the higher brain function field tests.

The test instrunment of the existing a lot of higher brain functions researchs of international academic community, but all very heavyly be difficult to move, and require under strict especially laboratory condition, just can be used for theoretical research or clinical diagnosis.In addition with regard to portable and practicality, though the eeg monitoring instrument is abroad arranged, can take 24 hour record brain waves with oneself by patient, but the epileptic that it is primarily aimed in the variation of epileptic patient spontaneous brain electricity is provided ripple, the psychological physiological parameter that can't test higher brain function.Though therefore it has portability and practicality, can not test the psychological physiological parameter of higher brain function.On July 18th, 2000, disclosed U.S. 6.092.058 patent " showed the automatic assisting device of human cognitive function (Automatic aider) with computer ", and its goal of the invention is that people are subjected to the assessment (estimate) that a kind of stimulation is made a response and made a strategic decision.The bioelectrical signals simulation is amplified although this invention has been adopted, A/d changes and the multiple technologies of data analysis; But the data analysis of brain electricity (EEG) eye movement when it is only limited to simple reaction ability and 1 second in the window etc.The signal processing method that this invention is used comprises nonlinear regression, parameter model, pattern recognition, fuzzy classification and artificial neural network principle etc.With the simple consciousness response feature of this Instrumental Analysis.Although this simple consciousness reaction may be the basis of many complicated psychological process and technical ability; But it is different from multiple higher brain function after all, as quality, intelligence and personal characteristics etc.

For overcoming the limitation of above-mentioned background technology, the psychological physiological parameter of the higher brain function of the present invention's aiming, be meant the event related potential followed in people's senior mental activity parameter such as intelligence, thinking, language, memory, perceptive judgment and the brain thereof and the physiological parameter of slow potential, lay particular emphasis on the Practical significance of psychological physiological parameter especially particular problem in the social life.For example, the problem of detecting a lie for justice system, it can provide the cognitive state of brain, is different from the instrument of detecting a lie (surveying breathing, skin electricity and the variation of pulse wave when lying .) of oneself employing of various countries fully, has bigger reliability and anti-counterreconnaissance than existing lie detector.For educational problem, the teacher and the head of a family pay close attention to the student natural gift, intelligence, ability and with the relation of brain; Some new pedagogy is also paid close attention to by educational circles the effect of student's Brain and Cognition function.To the drug rehabilitation problem, people wish to know that detoxification person sees what can be tempted out again and wants the psychology of the taking drugs factor of reverting to take drugs.Human resource management or personnel department pay close attention to its administration personnel's special talent, comprise the ability of abstract and imaginal thinking and creative ability etc.Therefore, this practical test macro is different from medical diagnostic equipment, and it is at the psychological physiological parameter of normal brain Premium Features and relevant with some social problem thereof; It is different from the United States Patent (USP) about brief response analysis, and its writes down and analyze the slow potential and the event related potential of 10 seconds time-histories.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes following technical scheme.The present invention be one portable, the practical test macro (seeing Fig. 1 for details) of the higher brain function that hardware and software have concurrently, it comprises four hardware componenies such as event generator, reactor, signal picker, controller. and the software that makes these hardware component performance usefulness.

Event generator is made up of earphone, display, electrocutaneous stimulation device, motion stimulator four parts, presents respectively to listen.Look, touch and the movement sensation incident.The time that various stimulation incidents take place.Intensity, sequential scheduling are controlled by control device, and the persistent period can ask alternative several seconds and even several minutes.

Reactor is made up of hands reactor, foot reactor and eye movement reactor three parts, and its reaction signal is collected storage by control device.Energy transducer adopts touch screen, response key, foot-operated key, recording electrode and infrared light record respectively.

Signal picker is formed (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 6 for details) by baffle-box, amplifier, data acquisition unit and microprocessor.The peculiar part of these devices is extraordinary antinoise measures, is the core of hardware among the present invention.This also is the basis of other characteristics of native system, makes it have extensive applicability.Main amplifier directly is not connected with the ground of data acquisition unit, and having adopted special Coupling and isolation method and having established low-pass cut-off frequencies is 40Hz.Therefore, the noise of avoiding general amplification system to import by ground end and reference electrode end.Yet, there is not the higher brain function test control system, amplifier just can't operate as normal.

Controller is made up of online control interface and microprocessor, and its controls the generation of incident, and the harvester of signal (event-related brain poential and slow potential) is sent triggering signal, controls its collection to event-related brain poential.It also carries out record to reaction simultaneously.Control signal is got in touch by data transmission card and peripheral hardware.The superiority of this measure can only it carry out in the psychological physiological parameter mensuration process by it functional requirement and the condition that triggers of control system pair amplifier work under just can show.

Software is made up of advanced signal processing module, utility software package and data base's three parts.(1) the advanced signal processing module is applicable to the higher brain function analysis, is the international cutting edge technology of contemporary signal processing, comprises complexity analyzing, independent component analysis and self adaptation multivariate autoregression coherent analysis, is installed in the microcomputer with modular form.(2) utility software package by test and appraisal program, stimulation programs, signals collecting program, date processing and as a result display routine etc. form.The program of wherein testing and assessing is by the application program of intelligence, intellectual potential, imaginal thinking, the psychology of reverting to take drugs and different purposes such as detecting a lie.Date processing and as a result display routine comprise classical event related potential component analysis software, slow potential analysis software etc.(3) data base is the important foundation that evaluating result is judged, is important component part of the present invention, is made up of basis and special-purpose two class data bases.Basic database comprises cognitive function parameter and relevant classical composition of ERP and slow wave physiological parameters thereof such as consciousness, attention and memory.Private database comprise detect a lie, data base such as intelligence test and drug dependence mental analysis, the psychological physiological parameter of promptly corresponding psychological test normal form.

Technical scheme provided by the invention has three distinguishing features: (1) this aims of systems is that the higher brain function of complicated cognitive process detects, and analysis window was not limited to 1 second, and extensible is 10 seconds, comprises slow wave analysis and event related potential.(2) adopt the contemporary New Methods of Signal Processing that is applicable to that more complex process is analyzed, as the coherence analysis of complexity analyzing, independent component analysis, self adaptation multivariate autoregression model.(3) reporting system as a result of multi-purpose data base and automatically search coupling thereof, comprise detect a lie, reporting systems such as intelligence test and appraisal, malicious distressed reason analysis.Oneself is used to the actual measurements such as brain function parameter of mental analysis, intelligence of detecting a lie, quit drug abuse the present invention, and has obtained effect preferably.

The Figure of description explanation:

Fig. 1. system block diagram

Fig. 2. the amplifier block diagram

Fig. 3. know the classical composition conclude of lie detector of test ERP based on crime

Fig. 4. based on the classical composition conclude of lie detector of the ERP of control problem test

Fig. 5. bring out the slow wave conclude of lie detector based on the brain that delays to test

Fig. 6. event-related brain poential and slow potential amplifier circuit figure

Fig. 7. the comparison of mentally retarded child and normal children of the same age P300 wave amplitude value difference in strange ball experimental paradigm

Fig. 8. junkie ERPs reaction

Fig. 9. physiology detoxification person changes at the ERPs that occiput brings out

Further specify concrete technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment one is the system that detects a lie.

Traditional lie detector mainly is by circumstances of crime relevant issues, unrelated problem and control problem being caused pulse wave, the variation analysis that respiratory wave and skin resistance change.Taking counterreconnaissance means such as tranquilizer can cause this class technology malfunctioning.Event-related brain poential and slow potential are that the cognition of mesencephalic centre changes, and people can not experience its variation, more can't be controlled.

Circuit design adopts two measures (as Fig. 2) of expertness Filtering Processing in the present embodiment.The one, at the movable input of scalp with the above radio-frequency component filtering of 40Hz, it has satisfied fully and has been longer than incubation period more than the 50ms, cycle is generally greater than event related potential (the altricial branch of the average evoked potential) record of 30ms, the brain motor of this point general basic theoretical research and on average bring out recording equipment and can not accomplish.Because they must leave the popularity that filtering is selected, so that be applicable to the amplification of all biological signal of telecommunication, comprise incubation period less than 10ms, the cycle is as short as composition morning average evoked potential about 1ms, and for example auditory brainstem is brought out the diagnosis of current potential to acoustic neuroma.This instrument is specifically designed to the relevant event related potential record of higher brain function, can get rid of below the 50ms incubation period composition that cycle 30ms is following.With second measure be input (or amplifier out) in A/D conversion, adopted special Coupling and isolation method, make general physiology instrument reference electrode input commonly used and earth terminal adopt secondary amplifier coupling process, the noise in the A/D input is eliminated.

The lie that relates to significant problem or legal case follows the complexity of brain cognitive process to change, and utilizing three kinds of normal form analysis-by-synthesis 7-10 slow wave and classical ERP compositions within second of detecting a lie is original creation of the present invention.

(1) knowing the classical composition of the ERP that tests Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) based on crime detects a lie

The tested age is 18-30 year, is divided into five sub-experimental grouies according to the difference of visual stimulus material.Literal (26 people), article (24 people), face (26 people), scene (24 people) and apparatus (24 people) are respectively as stimulus material.Stimulus material and merit relation are divided three classes: continuous item, outlier and target item.Experimental technique: three intermediate item are presented on the computer screen at random, and presentative time is 300ms, tested target item button are reacted.200ms before the record of brain electricity presents from stimulation continues 1200ms.Through the A/D conversion, reject data electric by eye and that myoelectricity pollutes, be stored in hard disk after the classification stack.Discrimination standard and result: bring out P with continuous item and outlier₃₀₀Difference in magnitude is as the index of detecting a lie, illustration such as Fig. 3 as a result, the P that continuous item brings out₃₀₀Amplitude is significantly higher than the outlier outlier.The youngster in the tested 18-30 of being of experiment year because our simulation is detected a lie, with reference to foreign standard and the data of oneself, we are that standard is judged tested whether lying with 2 μ v.Correct recognition rata is 91%, and misclassification rate is 9%.

(2) detect a lie based on the classical composition of the ERP of control problem test Control Question Test (CQT)

Tested 42 people, the age is 18-38 year.Stimulate and use written material, be divided into 4 classes: continuous item, outlier, control item and target item.Experimental technique: 4 intermediate item are presented on the computer screen at random, and presentative time is 300ms, tested target item button are reacted.The ERP record is existing earlier preceding 200ms from stimulation, continues 1200ms.Through the A/D conversion, reject data electric by eye and that myoelectricity pollutes, be stored in hard disk after the classification stack.The P that we bring out with continuous item and outlier₃₀₀Difference in magnitude is as detecting a lie index, illustration such as Fig. 4 as a result.The person between twenty and fifty in the tested 18-38 of being of experiment year are to realize optimal identification because our simulation is detected a lie, and we are that standard is judged tested whether lying with 3 μ v.Correct recognition rata is 91%, and misclassification rate is 9%.

(3) bringing out slow wave based on the brain that delays to test detects a lie

Tested 19 people, the age is 18-21 year.Stimulate and use the face visual material, be divided into 2 classes: relevant face and irrelevant face.Experimental technique: prompting stimulates the back 1000ms that disappears face to occur, and face continues 500ms, occurs prompting behind the interval of 1000ms, requires tested button reaction to show the photo whether oneself is familiar with presenting.200ms before the record of brain electricity presents from the face stimulation continues 5500ms.Through the A/D conversion, reject the data of being polluted by myoelectricity, proofreaied and correct with the method that Semlitsch (1986) proposes by the data of eye electropollution, be stored in hard disk after the classification stack.The slow wave difference in magnitude of bringing out with relevant face and irrelevant face is as the index of detecting a lie, as a result illustration such as Fig. 5.The slow wave amplitude is that the amplitude of bringing out current potential of back 5000ms is average.The youngster in the tested 18-21 of being of experiment year is to realize optimal identification because our simulation is detected a lie, and we are that standard is judged tested whether lying with 0.2 μ V.Correct recognition rata is 92%, and misclassification rate is 8%.

Embodiment two is brain function parametric measurement systems of an intelligence.

Intelligence is the problem that the educational circles and the public extremely pay close attention to intellectual potential, although intelligence is had multiple different definition, the public that concerns of intelligence and brain function more pays close attention to.The research of the research, particularly ERPs of brain imaging in the present age has accumulated many data, can carry out the comparison of brain function difference to different level of intelligence.

The design of circuit such as Fig. 6 in the present embodiment are described as follows:

(1) the instrument amplifier INA111 that adopts laser wafer collimation technique to make, it is easy to adjust, and need not to regulate, and only needs 1 foot and the indirect resistance R g of 8 feet to be arranged to needed gain G during use, and the relational expression of G and Rg is as follows

G＝1+50KΩ/Rg (1)

The main characterisitic parameter of INA111 has: 1. CMRR (common mode rejection ratio) 120dB (G 〉=100); 2. input impedance 10G Ω; 3. noise voltage 0.2 μ Vp-p, noise current 0.9pAp-p.Rg must select astute resistance for use, otherwise the low-noise performance of INA111 will lose, and we select for use is 0.01% metalfilmresistor.

(2) input structure adopts three kinds of measures: the i. common mode drives shielding line; Ii. common mode driving " " electrode (G ' among the figure); Iii. buffering input.So promptly can eliminate of the influence of cable shield electric capacity to input impedance, can make again the center of floating " " point change with common-mode signal one.In addition, drive by cushioning input and common mode " " electrode, can reduce the voltage magnitude of the 50Hz of human body, thereby reduce the 50Hz voltage difference of human body input electrode, reach and suppress the interferential purpose of 50Hz.

(3) A3 is a main amplifier, and gain is made as 200 times.A0 and A1 constitute buffer stage, help reducing because of the long interference that brings of input line.A7 drives for summation shielding, and A2 is the common mode drive circuit, rise anti-interference, the effect of noise reduction sound.A4 and peripheral capacitance-resistance thereof constitute the second amplifying circuit of band filter and Gain Adjustable, high pass cut off frequency is 0.05Hz, its effect is the flip-flop that the blocking-up preamplifier may be exported, prevent that saturated phenomenon from appearring in subsequent conditioning circuit, low-pass cut-off frequencies is 40Hz, eliminated the clutter composition that is mingled in the weak electric signal effectively, made follow-up analog digital conversion be unlikely the generation signal aliasing when sampling in addition greater than 40Hz.

(4) for preventing since polarization of electrode voltage to the influence of back level, before the sign-changing amplifier that A4 constitutes, adopted every at electric capacity.

(5) " " for the little biological weak electric signal to μ v magnitude of amplitude, require harsh.Select for use multi-layer sheet to arrange that one deck floats the scheme of ground level on the spot with one deck.But domestic being difficult to found such making sheet producer, thus can only abandon this scheme, and adopt following measure to approach grounding requirement:

1. widen ground wire.Neutral on the printed substrate is ground wire on the cloth all, and guarantees that the narrowest place is not less than 1.5mm, and holding wire all wide only be 0.3mm.

2. rational deployment.The line of enclosing the land on the periphery cloth of the two sides of printed substrate.

(6) adopting shielding is to reduce the interferential effective means of external interference, particularly power frequency.At the inboard evenly spraying plating one deck glass of shielding box alloy (ferromagnetic material) not, like this can electric field shielding, again can armoured magnetic field.According to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the penetration depth of disturbing wave is

$\mathrm{\δ}=\sqrt{2/\mathrm{\ω\μ\σ}}---\left(2\right)$

ω is the angular frequency of disturbing wave in the formula, and σ is the electrical conductivity of shielding material, and μ is a pcrmeability, is that the thin polyester sheet of 0.5mm can reach satisfied shielding properties so select thickness for use.In order to make shielding more effective, we will connect together with outer radome on the spot.

(7), this circuit needs the high dc source of degree of stability.Power supply is made of the annular ferrum transformator of selected low magnetism leakage, low-leakage current on the spot, and stability is better than 0.4%.Between each amplifier positive-negative power and the ground all cross-over connection the high-quality decoupling filter capacitor of 0.1 μ and 22 μ/16V.

(8) can hold under the prerequisite of down components and parts and cabling, compact layout components and parts as much as possible with the length of the track that shortens signal path, and guarantee that analog signal line and digital line are not parallel.The board selection isolation performance is good, and the minimum high-quality epoxy resin board of leakage current.

The data acquisition software bag

Data acquisition software is write by Turbnoc++4.0, and sample rate may command timer 8253 is set flexibly, can be set at 256Hz/s according to the desired signal composition, 512Hz/s or higher.The inspection of leading earlier before the collection is promptly gathered 60 seconds signals earlier and is shown in real time, by just knowing to the observation of gathering waveform whether crosslinking electrode connects, and whether display sensitivity is suitable.Just can carry out formal data acquisition after carrying out the above-mentioned inspection of leading, after configuring acquisition time, computer is just gathered simultaneously to 16 road signals.Owing to need multichannel to gather for a long time, the data volume that needs reaches 5M, the range of management of DOS640K head and shoulders above, in order to solve the problem of low memory, when we use a computer image data, form with the series data file directly is stored in hard disk, and file famous mountain computer is got the subjects's who imports when entering detection system name automatically, and multichannel data is added the file sequence number automatically.

Utilize native system can carry out the relevant test and appraisal of multiple intelligence, existing is example with three normal forms tests that certain mountain area mentally retarded child and normal children are carried out, illustrates how to analyze ERP.

(1) extensively strange ball experiment: red ball is small probability event (15%), and basketball is big probability event (85%), tested the small probability event button is reacted.

(2) space is noted: this laboratory observation space transfer of attention process.Point of fixation (+) appears in the middle of the screen (background black), tested attention point of fixation, and the time is 500ms; Presenting four equirotal Archons, is being that the time is 1000ms on foursquare four jiaos of center with the point of fixation respectively; In four balls of arrow points one, the time is 250ms; Target (arrow indication ball reddens) or do not have target and present, tested to the reaction of target button, the time is 100ms.

(3) repeated priming: this laboratory observation is tested to stimulate to be regular figure (triangle, circle etc.) and irregular figure to being familiar with and the ERP reaction of unfamiliar symbol, and target is specified symbol, tested target is reacted in button.

Experimental result such as Fig. 7: the mentally retarded child significantly is better than high probability to low probability irritant reaction amplitude to be stimulated, and gives and appears strong reaction; But the spoke value to two class irritant reaction all is lower than normal children.Therefore EPRs is a sensitive index to child's brain development.All supported our discovery about the document of cerebral function imaging experiment (fMRI) and clinical questionnaire survey.

Embodiment three is drug rehabilitation Psychoanalysis System.

Drug abuse is one of public hazards of contemporary society, to the existing processing method preferably of the physiological dependence of drugs; But in the high relapse rate the most scabrous be psychology revert to take drugs or think the pain problem.For analyze psychology revert to take drugs in which vision object be the easiest psychological clue of thinking poison that causes, the questionnaire survey that junkie is carried out, the psychological clue of finding to cause drug addiction comprises the environment of article such as heroin, needle tubing, the medicine friend in past, medication at first.Adopt the clue method for designing, clue take drugs exactly relative article such as needle tubing etc.The design of 3 * 2 factors, three classes tested (just having entered narcotic house does not finish student that physiology gives up, finishes student and the similar normal person of education background that physiology is given up) be tested variable, two class photos stimulate (class is to be irrelevant photo with relevant photo one class of taking drugs) totally 11 kinds of pictures be tested internal variable.Experiment totally 110 test, every kind of photo repeats 10 random alignment, and the friend k stacking fold of corresponding two class photos is 30 to 50 times.Single test comprises prompting 200ms, 200ms, photo present 300ms at interval, and EEG writes down 1s.Seven places such as F3, Fz, F4, Cz, P3, Pz, P4 are selected at the eeg recording position.Before formal experiment beginning, we at first allow the operation and the experiment model of tested familiar with computers.With P₃₀₀And N₂₀₀Statistical result as index finds that the waveform of two class junkie frontal lobe district ERPs is all not normal.Drugs related stimulus thing is to effect difference tested before and after the physiology detoxification, and detoxification person is not brought out the wave amplitude of frontal lobe and changes (Fig. 8) greatly incubation period; The variation that detoxification person is brought out at occiput is big (Fig. 9).And to two class drug abstainers, P₃₀₀Amplitude disappears in the asymmetry of frontal region, is different from the normal person.

Claims (6)

1, the practical test macro of a kind of psychological physiological parameter of portable brain Premium Features, form by hardware and software, it is characterized in that: hardware comprises event generator, reactor, signal picker and controller, event generator is made up of earphone, display, electrocutaneous stimulation device, motion stimulator, presents respectively to listen, look, touch and movement sensation stimulation incident; Reactor is made up of hands reactor, foot reactor and eye movement reactor; Signal picker is made up of buffer circuit, amplifier, data acquisition unit and microprocessor, and signal picker is gathered and analyzed event-related brain poential and slow potential; Controller, the generation, the control signal harvester that are used to the incident of controlling carry out record to the collection of event-related brain poential and slow potential and the reaction signal that reactor is produced.

2, the practical test macro of the psychological physiological parameter of portable brain Premium Features as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the reference electrode of amplifier and earth terminal adopt secondary amplifier coupling process.

3, the practical test macro of the psychological physiological parameter of portable brain Premium Features as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the low-pass cut-off frequencies of the input of described signal picker is 40Hz.

4, the practical test macro of the psychological physiological parameter of portable brain Premium Features as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the band filter that amplifier out connection one is made of sign-changing amplifier and peripheral capacitance-resistance thereof connects a capacitance before the sign-changing amplifier.

5, the practical test macro of the psychological physiological parameter of portable brain Premium Features as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the ground of data acquisition unit directly is not connected with the ground of amplifier.

6, the practical test macro of the psychological physiological parameter of portable brain Premium Features as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: cross-over connection 0.1 μ-22 μ/16V electric capacity all between each amplifier positive-negative power and the ground in the circuit of signal picker.

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