CN100499384C - Device and method for realizing frequency switch and automatic control of multiple-module mobile communication terminal - Google Patents
Device and method for realizing frequency switch and automatic control of multiple-module mobile communication terminalDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及支持多模式通信系统的移动终端设备对多个模式基站的频率切换和频率控制方法和装置。The invention relates to a frequency switching and frequency control method and device for a mobile terminal equipment supporting a multi-mode communication system to a plurality of mode base stations.
背景技术Background technique
在移动通信领域，第三代移动通信技术由于其技术的先进性必将会取代第二代移动通信技术。GSM是全球数字移动通信系统，属于第二代移动通信系统规范。WCDMA是宽带码分多址技术，是第三代移动通信系统规范的三大标准之一。In the field of mobile communication, the third-generation mobile communication technology will surely replace the second-generation mobile communication technology due to its advanced technology. GSM is the global digital mobile communication system, which belongs to the second generation mobile communication system specification. WCDMA is wideband code division multiple access technology, and it is one of the three major standards of the third generation mobile communication system specification.
在技术更新阶段，为规避风险和考虑到第二代通信设备的普及率和覆盖率较高，支持两种或多种模式的移动通信终端设备应运而生。典型的已知多模式终端包括支持GSM和WCDMA两种模式的双模移动通信终端。如图1所示，它是目前双模终端在WCDMA和GSM覆盖交界处的工作示意图，该终端既可以接收和处理GSM基站发送的无线信号，也可以接收和处理WCDMA基站发送的无线信号，因此它既可以工作在GSM的覆盖区域，也可以工作在WCDMA的覆盖区域，在它们的交叉覆盖区域还可以选择最好的基站用于服务。In the technology update stage, in order to avoid risks and take into account the high penetration rate and coverage of second-generation communication equipment, mobile communication terminal equipment supporting two or more modes emerged as the times require. Typical known multi-mode terminals include dual-mode mobile communication terminals supporting both modes of GSM and WCDMA. As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the current dual-mode terminal at the intersection of WCDMA and GSM coverage. The terminal can receive and process wireless signals sent by GSM base stations, and can also receive and process wireless signals sent by WCDMA base stations. Therefore, It can not only work in the coverage area of GSM, but also in the coverage area of WCDMA, and can also select the best base station for service in their cross coverage area.
在无线通信系统中，当采用同步解调或相干检测时，接收端需要提供一个与发射端调制载波同频同相的相干载波。这个相干载波的获取就称为载波同步。载波同步不精确会导致通信质量下降直至通信失败，因而载波同步是无线通信系统中的一项关键技术。移动终端通常使用AFC(自动频率控制)装置对载波频偏(频率偏移的简称)进行连续跟踪，并且根据频偏大小实时调节压控晶体振荡器的输入电压，以补偿频率偏移，提高载波同步的精确程度。如图2所示，它是目前双模终端的自动频率锁定环路结构框图，这种双模终端使用完全独立的载波同步环路，不利于降低终端设备的成本，在第一模式活动状态下对第二模式基站进行测量时，第二模式的频率控制环路初始设定值难以确定。在频偏较大的情况下造成第二模式基站信号测量结果的不准确，更有可能导致终端从第一模式切换到第二模式时频率控制环路长时间不能入锁，引起业务的中断。In a wireless communication system, when synchronous demodulation or coherent detection is used, the receiving end needs to provide a coherent carrier with the same frequency and phase as the modulated carrier at the transmitting end. The acquisition of this coherent carrier is called carrier synchronization. Inaccurate carrier synchronization will lead to communication quality degradation and even communication failure, so carrier synchronization is a key technology in wireless communication systems. Mobile terminals usually use AFC (automatic frequency control) devices to continuously track the carrier frequency offset (abbreviation of frequency offset), and adjust the input voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator in real time according to the frequency offset to compensate for the frequency offset and improve the carrier frequency. The degree of precision of the synchronization. As shown in Figure 2, it is a block diagram of the automatic frequency locking loop structure of the current dual-mode terminal. This dual-mode terminal uses a completely independent carrier synchronization loop, which is not conducive to reducing the cost of terminal equipment. In the active state of the first mode When measuring the base station in the second mode, it is difficult to determine the initial setting value of the frequency control loop in the second mode. In the case of a large frequency offset, the signal measurement results of the base station in the second mode are inaccurate, and it is more likely that the frequency control loop cannot be locked for a long time when the terminal switches from the first mode to the second mode, causing service interruption.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种多模移动通信终端实现频率切换和自动控制的装置及方法，它可以实现多模移动终端的各个模式发送/接收模块共用同一个晶体振荡器以节约成本和电力消耗，并允许多模移动终端在不同模式下使用各自模式的自动频率锁定环路，以便最有效地保持各个模式通信链路的载波同步。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for realizing frequency switching and automatic control of a multi-mode mobile communication terminal, which can realize that the sending/receiving modules of each mode of the multi-mode mobile terminal share the same crystal oscillator to save costs and power consumption, and allows the multi-mode mobile terminal to use the automatic frequency locking loop of each mode in different modes, so as to most effectively maintain the carrier synchronization of the communication links of each mode.
为了解决以上技术问题，本发明提供了一种多模移动通信终端实现频率切换和自动控制的装置，它包括多模自动频率控制字更新装置、压控晶体振荡器和数模转换装置，所述的多模自动频率控制字更新装置用于选择并计算目标模式下的频率控制字，所述的数模转换装置根据所述的频率控制字完成由数字信号产生控制电压，所述的压控晶体振荡器根据所述的控制电压产生参考频率信号。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device for realizing frequency switching and automatic control of a multi-mode mobile communication terminal, which includes a multi-mode automatic frequency control word update device, a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator and a digital-to-analog conversion device. The multi-mode automatic frequency control word update device is used to select and calculate the frequency control word in the target mode, the digital-to-analog conversion device completes the generation of control voltage by digital signal according to the frequency control word, and the voltage-controlled crystal The oscillator generates a reference frequency signal according to the control voltage.
所述的多模自动频率控制字更新装置包括控制模块、数据管理模块、累加器、和两个选通装置，所述的控制模块通过信号SEL控制一个选通装置选择有效的频率偏移估计值给所述的累加器，通过信号LOAD控制所述的另一个选通装置选择来自所述数据管理模块或所述累加器的自动频率控制字，所述数据管理模块用于存储小区信息，列表和与小区相对应的自动频率控制字，并根据所述的控制模块发出的小区信息从小区信息查出对应的自动频率控制字，所述的累加器用于完成每个周期用频率偏移估计值累加并更新自动频率控制字。The multi-mode automatic frequency control word updating device includes a control module, a data management module, an accumulator, and two gating devices, and the control module controls a gating device to select an effective frequency offset estimation value through a signal SEL For the accumulator, control the other gating device through the signal LOAD to select the automatic frequency control word from the data management module or the accumulator, and the data management module is used to store cell information, lists and The automatic frequency control word corresponding to the cell, and the corresponding automatic frequency control word is found from the cell information according to the cell information sent by the control module, and the accumulator is used to complete the accumulation of the frequency offset estimated value in each cycle And update the automatic frequency control word.
在模式切换或异频切换状态时，所述的目标模式下的自动频率控制字的初始值有以下公式得到，自动频率控制字的初始值fk+1＝fk+λ×(f—fk)；其中f是存储的目标小区的自动频率控制字、fk是当前小区的自动频率控制字，λ是权重调节因子，取值[0，1]。In the state of mode switching or inter-frequency switching, the initial value of the automatic frequency control word in the target mode has the following formula to obtain, the initial value of the automatic frequency control word fk+1 =fk +λ×(f—fk ); wherein f is the automatic frequency control word of the target cell stored, fk is the automatic frequency control word of the current cell, and λ is a weight adjustment factor, and the value is [0,1].
另外，本发明还提供了一种实现多模移动通信终端的频率切换和自动频率控制的方法，首先多模自动频率控制字更新模块选择并计算目标模式下的频率控制字，然后数模转换装置根据所述的频率控制字完成由数字信号产生控制电压，最后由压控晶体振荡器根据所述的控制电压产生参考频率信号。In addition, the present invention also provides a method for realizing frequency switching and automatic frequency control of a multi-mode mobile communication terminal. First, the multi-mode automatic frequency control word update module selects and calculates the frequency control word in the target mode, and then the digital-to-analog conversion device The control voltage is generated from the digital signal according to the frequency control word, and finally the reference frequency signal is generated by the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator according to the control voltage.
所述的多模自动频率控制字更新模块的实现包括以下步骤：1)：在频率控制字更新周期来临时开始更新程序，执行下一步；2)：判断是否发生频率切换或多模式切换，如发生切换执行步骤5，如未发生切换执行下一步；3)：根据当前工作模式从多个频偏估计模块中选择一个有效输出的频率偏移值Δf，执行下一步；4)：通过累加器更新目标小区的自动频率控制字值fk+1，其中累加器公式为fk+1＝fk-Δf，fk是当前小区的频率控制字值，然后执行步骤9；5)：判断当前小区是否已记录在数据库中，如未记录即为新小区，执行步骤8，如已记录，则为已测量小区，执行下一步；6)：从数据库中读出该小区自动频率控制字的初始值为f，执行下一步；7)：通过累加器更新目标小区自动频率控制字值fk+1，其中累加器公式fk+1＝fk+λ×(f—fk)，fk是当前小区的频率控制字值，λ是权重调节因子，取值[0，1]，然后执行步骤9；8)：更新数据库内容，添加目标小区，以当前累加器所含有的频率控制字值fk作为自动频率控制字的初始值，然后回到等待状态，如果频率控制字更新周期来临，则重复步骤1；9)：将所述的fk+1输出到数模转换装置中；10)：用所述的fk+1作为当前小区最新的自动频率控制字值替换数据库中的原保存值，然后回到等待状态，如果频率控制字更新周期来临，则重复步骤1。The realization of the described multi-mode automatic frequency control word update module comprises the following steps: 1): when the frequency control word update cycle comes, start the update program and perform the next step; 2): judge whether frequency switching or multi-mode switching occurs, such as Execute step 5 if switching occurs, and execute the next step if no switching occurs; 3): Select an effective output frequency offset value Δf from multiple frequency offset estimation modules according to the current working mode, and execute the next step; 4): pass the accumulator Update the automatic frequency control word value fk+1 of target sub-district, wherein the accumulator formula is fk+1 =fk -Δf , fk is the frequency control word value of current sub-district, then perform step 9; 5): judging Whether the current sub-district has been recorded in the database, if it is not recorded, it is a new sub-district, execute step 8, if it has been recorded, then it is a measured sub-district, and perform the next step; 6): read out the automatic frequency control word of the sub-district from the database The initial value is f, and the next step is performed; 7): Update the automatic frequency control word value fk+1 of the target cell through the accumulator, wherein the accumulator formula fk+1 =fk +λ×(f—fk ), fk is the frequency control word value of the current cell, λ is the weight adjustment factor, the value is [0, 1], and then execute step 9; 8): update the database content, add the target cell, and use the frequency control word contained in the current accumulator Value fk is used as the initial value of the automatic frequency control word, then returns to the waiting state, if the frequency control word update cycle comes, then repeat step 1; 9): the fk+1 is output in the digital-to-analog conversion device; 10): use the fk+1 as the latest automatic frequency control word value of the current cell to replace the original stored value in the database, then get back to the waiting state, if the frequency control word update period comes, then repeat step 1.
因为本发明允许多模移动终端的各个模式发送/接收模块共用同一个压控晶体振荡器以节约成本和电力消耗，并允许多模移动终端在不同模式下使用各自模式的自动频率锁定环路，以便最有效地保持各个模式通信链路的载波同步。采用优化的自动频率控制字(以下简称为“AFC控制字”)保存，载入和更新控制装置或模块，达到在两种模式或频率切换时加快频偏收敛过程。特别是采用公式：自动频率控制字的初始值fk+1＝fk+λ×(f—fk)，计算AFC控制字初始值，加快了自动频率控制的收敛速度，提高了第二模式频率控制初始设定的可靠性，使载波同步快速而准确。Because the present invention allows each mode transmission/reception module of the multimode mobile terminal to share the same voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to save cost and power consumption, and allows the multimode mobile terminal to use the automatic frequency locked loop of each mode in different modes, In order to maintain the carrier synchronization of each mode communication link most effectively. The optimized automatic frequency control word (hereinafter referred to as "AFC control word") is used to save, load and update the control device or module to speed up the frequency offset convergence process when switching between two modes or frequencies. In particular, the formula: the initial value fk+1 of the automatic frequency control word =fk +λ×(f—fk ) is used to calculate the initial value of the AFC control word, which accelerates the convergence speed of the automatic frequency control and improves the second mode The reliability of the initial setting of the frequency control makes the carrier synchronization fast and accurate.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步阐述。The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图1是目前多模终端在两种模式通信系统覆盖交界处的工作情况；Figure 1 shows the working situation of the current multi-mode terminal at the junction of the coverage of the two modes of communication systems;
图2是具有现有多模终端的频率切换和自动频率控制装置的双模终端自动频率锁定环路结构方框图；Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the dual-mode terminal automatic frequency locking loop structure with the frequency switching and automatic frequency control device of the existing multimode terminal;
图3是具有本发明装置的双模终端自动频率锁定环路结构方框图；Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of the dual-mode terminal automatic frequency locking loop with the device of the present invention;
图4是本发明的多模自动频率控制字更新装置方框图；Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the multimode automatic frequency control word updating device of the present invention;
图5是本发明应用于WCDMA和GSM双模信号的方框图；Fig. 5 is the block diagram that the present invention is applied to WCDMA and GSM dual mode signal;
图6是本发明的多模自动频率控制字更新模块的流程图。Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the multi-mode automatic frequency control word updating module of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图3是具有本发明装置的双模终端自动频率锁定环路结构方框图。移动通信终端的每个模式的自动频率锁定环路均包括基带信号处理、频率偏移估计、RF/IF处理器、A/D(模数)转换装置、PLL(锁相环)，并且每个模式共用本发明的多模终端的频率切换和自动频率控制装置。本发明的多模终端的频率切换和自动频率控制装置包括多模自动频率控制字更新装置383、压控晶体振荡器(VCXO)382和数模转换装置385。多模自动频率控制字更新装置383用于选择频率偏移估计的估计值并计算目标模式下的AFC控制字，数模转换装置385根据AFC控制字完成由数字信号产生控制电压，压控晶体振荡器382根据控制电压产生参考频率信号，并将参考频率信号发送给PLL，PLL锁定于用于调制解调的载波频率并将所述的载波频率发送给RF/IF处理器，RF/IF处理器将来自多工器的射频信号用载波频率解调，解调信号通过A/D转换器转换为数字信号后送入各自模式的基带信号处理器，基带信号处理器从基带信号中提取出可用于频偏估计的数字信号序列输出给各自模式的频偏估计装置。Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of the dual-mode terminal automatic frequency locking loop with the device of the present invention. The automatic frequency locked loop of each mode of the mobile communication terminal includes baseband signal processing, frequency offset estimation, RF/IF processor, A/D (analog to digital) conversion means, PLL (phase locked loop), and each The modes share the frequency switching and automatic frequency control device of the multi-mode terminal of the present invention. The frequency switching and automatic frequency control device of the multi-mode terminal of the present invention includes a multi-mode automatic frequency control
图4是本发明的方框图，其中多模自动频率控制字更新装置383包括控制模块406、数据管理模块405、累加器、和两个选通装置412、413，控制模块406通过信号SEL控制选通装置413选择有效的频率偏移估计值给所述的累加器，通过信号LOAD控制选通装置412选择来自所述数据管理模块405或所述累加器的AFC控制字，数据管理模块405用于存储小区信息，列表和与小区相对应的AFC控制字，并根据控制模块406发出的小区信息从小区信息查出对应的AFC控制字，累加器用于完成每个周期用频率偏移估计值累加并更新自动频率控制字。其中累加器由寄存器407、延时408和加法器409构成。Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the present invention, wherein multimode automatic frequency control
其中AFC控制字更新分为三部分实现，1)采用负反馈方式主要由累加器构成的对AFC控制字周期性更新的模块；2)数据管理模块405，它管理所有已经测量过的小区列表，并且保存每个小区的AFC控制字，以及提供AFC控制字的初始值。3)控制模块406，它依据当前工作模式通过选通装置413选择正确的频偏估计装置的输出给累加器；控制模块406通过共享数据通知数据管理模块405当前小区信息；控制模块406在工作模式切换或异频切换时通过装载信号通知数据管理模块405给出AFC控制字初始值，和通知将初始值载入累加器，其中异频切换指同模式不同频率的小区的切换。在数据管理模块中AFC控制字更新的方法按照如下方式工作：Wherein the AFC control word update is divided into three parts and realizes, 1) adopt the module that negative feedback mode mainly is formed by accumulator to AFC control word periodic update; 2)
在正常通信阶段：累加器在每个周期将频偏估计值加入寄存器407中。而数据管理模块405每个周期读出AFC控制字，用此AFC控制字更新该小区的AFC控制字。当有新小区被测量时添加小区列表的元素；In the normal communication phase: the accumulator adds the frequency offset estimation value into the
在模式切换或异频切换状态时：首先移动终端对目标模式射频合成PLL作适当设定以获得期望的目标载波频率；其次数据管理模块405读出目标小区的AFC控制字f和当前小区的AFC控制字fk，用如下公式计算用于切换后目标小区的AFC控制字初始值In the state of mode switching or inter-frequency switching: first, the mobile terminal properly sets the target mode radio frequency synthesis PLL to obtain the desired target carrier frequency; secondly, the
AFC控制字的初始值fk+1＝fk+λ×(f—fk)The initial value of the AFC control word fk+1 =fk +λ×(f—fk )
(公式1) (Formula 1)
其中λ是权重调节因子取值[0，1]。其取值根据fk和f的精度对比关系决定。如对模式2目标小区的频率估计越精确，则λ的取值应越接近1；反之如果对模式2目标小区的频率估计越不精确，则表明应该更为相信模式1源小区的AFC控制字收敛值，因此λ的取值应越接近于0。由公式1算出的AFC控制字写入累加器中的寄存器作为累加器的初始值。Where λ is the value of the weight adjustment factor [0, 1]. Its value is determined according to the precision comparison relationship between fk and f. If the frequency estimation of the target cell in mode 2 is more accurate, the value of λ should be closer to 1; on the contrary, if the frequency estimation of the target cell in mode 2 is less accurate, it indicates that the AFC control word of the source cell in mode 1 should be trusted more Convergence value, so the value of λ should be closer to 0. The AFC control word calculated by formula 1 is written into the register in the accumulator as the initial value of the accumulator.
频偏估计(389、383)用于计算频偏的信号，一般为导频序列或训练序列等。它对其序列作差分，查表和取平均等运算完成对当前频率偏移的估计。它按周期输出频偏估计值，周期由算法特点决定。The frequency offset estimation (389, 383) is used to calculate the frequency offset signal, which is generally a pilot sequence or a training sequence. It makes a difference to its sequence, looks up the table and takes the average operation to complete the estimation of the current frequency offset. It outputs frequency offset estimates in cycles determined by the characteristics of the algorithm.
下面结合图4、5对本发明做进一步的说明。图5是本发明应用于WCDMA和GSM双模移动终端的方框图。在图5中，模式一为WCDMA模式，其射频体系结构为外差式接收机；模式二为GSM模式，其射频体系结构为直接下变频式接收机。天线301用于接收WCDMA的射频信号，接收信号经过双工器302后由LNA(低噪声放大器)303进行信号放大，放大后的信号通过RFBPF(RF滤波器)304，然后进入由乘法器311，321和IF处理基带预处理312组成的解调装置，解调所需的载波信号由PLL 331提供，解调后的模拟基带信号经A/D变换器313、323变换为数字基带信号交给WCDMA数字基带信号处理模块340处理。天线351用于接收GSM的射频信号，接收信号经过双工器352后由LNA353进行信号放大，放大后的信号通过RFBPF354，然后进入由乘法器361、371和LPF(低通滤波器)364、362组成的解调装置，解调所需的载波信号由PLL 381提供，解调后的模拟基带信号经A/D(模数)变换器363、373变换为数字基带信号交给GSM数字基带信号处理模块384处理。两个模式的数字基带处理模块340、384将用于当前频偏估计的数字序列发送给频偏估计模块393、389。频偏估计模块393、389依据输入数据计算当前周期的频率偏移，并且频偏值被输出给多模AFC控制字更新装置383。多模AFC控制字更新装置383在计算和更新AFC控制字后将AFC控制字输出给数模转换装置385，数模转换装置接收数字信号输出模拟电压用于控制压控晶体振荡器382，压控晶体振荡器的输出的参考频率信号用于控制PLL 381或331的载波锁定。由于同一时刻压控晶体振荡器382的频率只能受控于一个模式的频率控制环路，所以同一时刻频偏估计模块393、389只需有一个处于活动状态。多模AFC控制字更新装置383的处理如图4所示(图中以双模为例)，它控制压控晶体振荡器382产生的参考频率使PLL331、381锁定在期望的载波频率。此载波用于各自的信号解调装置。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with FIGS. 4 and 5 . Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the present invention applied to a WCDMA and GSM dual-mode mobile terminal. In Fig. 5, mode one is WCDMA mode, and its radio frequency architecture is a heterodyne receiver; mode two is GSM mode, and its radio frequency architecture is a direct down-conversion receiver.
在图4中，两个频偏估计模块393、389分别用于估计模式一和模式二的频率偏移，它们周期性的输出当前的频率偏移估计值，在同一时刻只有一个估计值有效，控制模块406通过SEL信号选择有效值送入累加器。In FIG. 4, two frequency offset
在图4中，控制模块406输出3个信号：信号SEL用于选择当前频偏估计值，信号SEL随移动终端工作模式(模式一或模式二)切换而发生变化。信号LOAD指示累加器初始值设定，当发生异频切换或模式切换时，在第一个频偏估计周期，信号LOAD指示载入数据管理模块405给出的AFC控制字，在其他时刻LOAD指示载入加法器409运算结果。信号“小区信息”将当前小区信息共享给数据管理模块。In FIG. 4 , the
在图4中，数据管理模块405用于管理各个已经测量过的小区的AFC控制字，该模块中维护一个小区列表和相应的AFC控制字，当LOAD信号指示累加器初始值设定时，数据管理模块依据小区信息从列表中查出其AFC控制字，再经过公式1修正后输出，当列表不包含当前小区时输出AFC累加器当前值。当信号LOAD未指示更新累加器初始值，数据管理模块从累加器的寄存器407读取AFC控制字，并且依据小区信息更新列表，当被测量小区不在列表中时，添加小区列表元素。In Fig. 4, the
在图4中，二选一的选通装置412由信号LOAD控制，二选一的选通装置413由信号SEL控制。In FIG. 4 , the
在图4中，寄存器407，延时408和加法器409构成累加器用于完成每个周期用频偏估计值累加并更新AFC控制字。In FIG. 4, the
模数变换装置385完成由数字信号产生控制电压的功能。The analog-to-
压控晶体振荡器382根据控制电压产生参考频率信号。The voltage-controlled
两个PLL装置381、331分别为模式一和模式二产生用于调制解调的载波信号。Two
移动终端切换过程如下：假定在时刻A点，移动终端完成了对基站2的测量，这时得出了基站2的AFC控制字f，f被数据管理模块保存为基站2的AFC控制字。此控制字表示移动终端在A时刻的工作环境中(移动速度，工作温度等)对基站2的载波跟踪结果。而此后，移动终端一直位于基站1的覆盖范围，即基站1是移动终端的服务基站。假定移动终端在时间B点收到网络指令进行从基站1到基站2的切换，切换前AFC控制字为fk，它同样被数据管理模块保存为基站1的AFC控制字。此控制字表示移动终端在B时刻的工作环境中(移动速度，工作温度等)对基站1的载波跟踪结果。这时切换动作发生，移动终端从基站1切换到基站2。由公式1计算此时使用的AFC控制字初始值。The switching process of the mobile terminal is as follows: Assume that at time A, the mobile terminal has completed the measurement of the base station 2, and at this time the AFC control word f of the base station 2 is obtained, and f is saved by the data management module as the AFC control word of the base station 2. This control word indicates the carrier tracking result of the mobile terminal on the base station 2 in the working environment (moving speed, working temperature, etc.) at time A. Since then, the mobile terminal has been located in the coverage area of the base station 1, that is, the base station 1 is the serving base station of the mobile terminal. Assuming that the mobile terminal receives a network command at time B to switch from base station 1 to base station 2, the AFC control word before the switch is fk , which is also saved as the AFC control word of base station 1 by the data management module. This control word represents the carrier tracking result of the mobile terminal on the base station 1 in the working environment at time B (moving speed, working temperature, etc.). At this time, a handover action occurs, and the mobile terminal is handed over from base station 1 to base station 2 . The initial value of the AFC control word used at this time is calculated by formula 1.
本发明的多模移动通信终端频率切换和自动控制的方法与多模移动通信终端频率切换和自动控制的装置的不同点就在于，用多模自动频率控制字更新模块3830代替了多模自动频率控制字更新装置383，其它部分都相同。图6是本发明的多模自动频率控制字更新模块3830的流程图，本流程假设移动终端支持多种模式接收，每一种模式都有各自的频率偏移(简称“频偏”)估计模块，频偏估计模块都是周期性输出其当前周期的频偏值。它包括以下步骤：第一步，首先开始模块501被开启后，则系统就进入了等待偏频估计周期模块502，它在频率控制字周期没有到来时处于等待状态，执行频率控制周期来临的判断由周期来临判断模块503执行，当判断为频率控制字更新周期来临时开始更新程序，执行下一步；The difference between the multi-mode mobile communication terminal frequency switching and automatic control method of the present invention and the multi-mode mobile communication terminal frequency switching and automatic control device is that the multi-mode automatic frequency control
第二步，进入切换判断模块504，它主要判断是否发生频率切换或多模式的切换，如发生切换执行步骤五，如未发生切换执行下一步；The second step is to enter the switching judging
第三步，进入频偏选择模块505，它主要根据当前工作模式从多个频偏估计模块中选择一个有效输出，并输出频率偏移值Δf，然后执行下一步；The third step is to enter the frequency offset
第四步，进入AFC控制字更新模块506，它主要执行更新AFC控制字的累加器值，通过累加器更新目标小区的自动频率控制字值fk+1，其中累加器公式为fk+1＝fk-Δf，其中fk是当前小区的频率控制字值，然后执行步骤九；The 4th step, enter AFC control
第五步，进入新小区判断模块509，它主要用以判断当前小区是否已记录在数据库中，如未记录即为新小区，执行步骤八，如已记录，则为已测量小区，执行下一步；The 5th step, enter new
第六步，进入提取AFC控制字模块510，它主要是从数据库中读出该小区AFC控制字为f，执行下一步；The 6th step, enter and extract AFC
第七步，进入AFC控制字初始值的计算模块511，它主要是通过累加器更新目标小区自动频率控制字值fk+1，其中累加器公式fk+1＝fk+λ(f-fk)，λ是权重调节因子，取值[0，1]，λ的取值根据所述f、fk的精度对比关系决定，然后执行步骤九The 7th step, enter the
第八步，进入数据库添加更新模块512，它主要用于更新数据库内容，添加目标小区，以当前累加器所含有的频率控制字值fk作为AFC控制字的初始值，然后回到等待状态，等待频率控制字更新周期的来临；The 8th step, enter database and add updating
第九步，进入输出AFC控制字模块507，它主要将fk+1输出到数模变换器装置(385)用于改变压控晶体振荡器(382)的控制电压，并同时执行下一步；In the ninth step, enter the output AFC
第十步，进入更新AFC控制字数据库模块508，它主要用fk+1作为当前小区最新的AFC控制字替换数据库中的原保存值，然后回到等待状态，等待频率控制字更新周期的来临。In the tenth step, enter the update AFC control
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| US8811369B2 (en)* | 2006-01-11 | 2014-08-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for supporting multiple communications modes of operation |
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| CN101150819B (en)* | 2007-11-12 | 2011-09-28 | 北京天碁科技有限公司 | An automatic multi-mode mobile communication terminal and its automatic frequency control method |
| CN102045082B (en)* | 2009-10-12 | 2014-07-23 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Control method of dual-standby terminal and AFC (automatic frequency control) loop of dual-standby terminal |
| CN102271424B (en)* | 2010-12-31 | 2012-08-29 | 重庆重邮信科通信技术有限公司 | AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) device and method for multimode wireless terminal |
| WO2013075301A1 (en)* | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-30 | St-Ericsson Sa | Device, method, mobile communication terminal, computer program and storage medium for frequency control |
| US9277425B2 (en)* | 2012-03-30 | 2016-03-01 | Marvell World Trade Ltd. | Systems and methods for automatic frequency control for mobile communication systems |
| CN103856232B (en)* | 2012-12-07 | 2016-12-21 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Mobile terminal and signal processing method, baseband chip, radio frequency chip |
| CN104079510B (en)* | 2013-03-29 | 2017-05-24 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | Method and device for frequency offset estimation when user device switches cells |
| JP6311228B2 (en)* | 2013-07-05 | 2018-04-18 | 富士電機株式会社 | Alarm output circuit |
| WO2015095986A1 (en)* | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | Intel IP Corporation | System and method for frequency control loop in mobile device with plurality of sims |
| CN106332125B (en)* | 2015-06-30 | 2019-12-03 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Terminal pattern switching method and terminal |
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