CN100482154C - Portable near-infrared detection apparatus for human body local plasma volume variation parameter - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及人体局部血容量变化参数的便携式近红外检测装置，属于医疗设备技术领域。其特征在于：包括近红外光源，近红外光电传感器，光电信号的采集放大电路，温度传感器，温度信号采集放大电路，模数转换电路，数字控制电路，数据存储模块，与计算机通信的串口电路，以及在计算机上运行的信号采集控制和处理程序。所述传感器均与皮肤接触，同时测量人体的表皮温度和局部皮肤血容量的变化。本发明采用调制激发方式，源与探测器距离适当，光子能够深入到皮肤脂肪层以下的微血管区。本发明在便携式装置上进行数据采集和存储，然后在计算机上完成数据传输，数据处理和分析等操作。本发明具有无创，便携，稳定，使用简便等特点，比较适合临床应用。

The invention relates to a portable near-infrared detection device for local blood volume change parameters of a human body, and belongs to the technical field of medical equipment. It is characterized in that it includes a near-infrared light source, a near-infrared photoelectric sensor, a photoelectric signal acquisition and amplification circuit, a temperature sensor, a temperature signal acquisition and amplification circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a digital control circuit, a data storage module, and a serial port circuit for communication with a computer. And a signal acquisition control and processing program running on the computer. The sensors are all in contact with the skin, and simultaneously measure the skin temperature of the human body and changes in local skin blood volume. The invention adopts the modulation excitation mode, the distance between the source and the detector is proper, and the photons can go deep into the microvascular area below the fat layer of the skin. The invention performs data collection and storage on the portable device, and then completes operations such as data transmission, data processing and analysis on the computer. The invention has the characteristics of non-invasive, portable, stable, easy to use, etc., and is more suitable for clinical application.

Description

Translated fromChinese

人体局部血容量变化参数的便携式近红外检测装置Portable near-infrared detection device for human body local blood volume change parameters

技术领域technical field

本发明属于医疗设备技术领域，特别涉及用于局部血容量变化研究的系统设计.The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a system design for the study of local blood volume changes.

背景技术Background technique

生物组织的光谱学，是利用不同组织对某一特定波长的红外光的吸收和散射特性来判断组织状况的方法。近红外光谱技术主要是利用了人体组织对近红外光具有吸收和散射的特性。而组织中的血液是最主要的吸收红外光的吸收物质，因此，近红外光检测技术成为活体组织中检测血液容积变化的一种主要无创检测方法。另外，与其他成像方法相比，如CT(计算机断层成像)，MRI(核磁共振成像)，PET(正电子断层成像)等，近红外光检测虽然分辨率较低，但是成本低，而且相对容易实现便携式设计，可以方便的运用于各种场合。Spectroscopy of biological tissue is a method of judging the state of the tissue by using the absorption and scattering characteristics of different tissues for a certain wavelength of infrared light. Near-infrared spectroscopy mainly utilizes the absorption and scattering properties of human tissues to near-infrared light. Blood in tissues is the main absorbing substance that absorbs infrared light. Therefore, near-infrared light detection technology has become a major non-invasive detection method for detecting blood volume changes in living tissues. In addition, compared with other imaging methods, such as CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), PET (Positron Tomography), etc., although the resolution of near-infrared light detection is low, it is low-cost and relatively easy. Portable design is realized, which can be conveniently used in various occasions.

当一定波长的光束照射到皮肤表面时，光束将通过透射或反射方式传送到光电接收器。在此过程中由于受到皮肤肌肉和血液的吸收衰减作用，检测器检测到的光强度将减弱。其中皮肤肌肉组织等对光的吸收在整个血液循环中是保持恒定不变的，而皮肤内的血液容积在心脏作用下呈搏动性变化，当心脏收缩时外周血容量最多，光吸收量也最大，检测到的光强度最小；而在心脏舒张时，正好相反，检测到的光强度最大，使光接收器接收到的光强度随之呈脉动性变化。将此光强度变化信号转换成电信号，便可获得局部皮肤血流的变化。由此可见，局部皮肤血流中包含有心搏功能，血液流动等诸多心血管系统的重要生理信息。When the light beam of a certain wavelength is irradiated on the skin surface, the light beam will be transmitted to the photoelectric receiver through transmission or reflection. During this process, due to the attenuation of absorption by skin, muscle and blood, the light intensity detected by the detector will be weakened. Among them, the absorption of light by skin and muscle tissue remains constant throughout the blood circulation, while the blood volume in the skin changes pulsatingly under the action of the heart. When the heart contracts, the peripheral blood volume is the largest, and the light absorption is also the largest. , the detected light intensity is the smallest; while in diastole, on the contrary, the detected light intensity is the largest, so that the light intensity received by the photoreceiver changes in a pulsating manner. Changes in local skin blood flow can be obtained by converting the light intensity change signal into an electrical signal. It can be seen that the local skin blood flow contains many important physiological information of the cardiovascular system such as cardiac function and blood flow.

皮肤局部血容量变化的一个典型应用就是对更年期潮热症状的研究。更年期综合症一直是困扰广大女性的难题。更年期最明显的症状，也是最早出现的症状，是潮热、出汗和心慌。这是血管舒张和收缩失调的一系列表现。更年期综合征中潮热是颇具典型性的。在我国调查中，潮热发生率为更年期妇女的28.6％，在国外达62.5～80％。患者常不自觉地突然出现强烈的发热感，由躯干上部，特别颈面部，向上扩展到头顶，然后自然消失.随之出汗，皮肤有刺激或轻度寒冷感。更年期综合症患者潮热症状的监控和研究成为迫切需要，在患者的治疗过程中，要求客观准确的记录潮热发作时体温以及皮肤血流情况，或者皮肤局部血容量的变化，为医生提供参考。A typical application of skin local blood volume changes is the study of menopausal hot flashes. Menopausal syndrome has always been a problem that plagues the majority of women. The most obvious symptoms of menopause, and the first to appear, are hot flashes, sweating, and palpitations. This is a series of manifestations of vasodilation and contraction disorders. Hot flashes are typical of menopausal syndrome. In our survey, the incidence of hot flashes is 28.6% of menopausal women, and it reaches 62.5-80% abroad. Patients often unconsciously have a strong sense of fever, which extends from the upper part of the trunk, especially the neck and face, upwards to the top of the head, and then disappears naturally. Sweating follows, and the skin feels irritated or slightly cold. The monitoring and research of hot flash symptoms in patients with menopausal syndrome has become an urgent need. During the treatment of patients, it is required to objectively and accurately record body temperature and skin blood flow during hot flashes, or changes in local blood volume of the skin, so as to provide reference for doctors. .

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于设计一种适合用于研究皮肤局部血容量变化功能的近红外检测装置。能够实现无创，便携，准确，稳定的局部皮肤血容量变化监控，能够同时测量患者的表皮温度和局部皮肤血容量。The object of the present invention is to design a near-infrared detection device suitable for studying the function of local blood volume changes in the skin. It can realize non-invasive, portable, accurate and stable monitoring of changes in local skin blood volume, and can simultaneously measure the patient's skin temperature and local skin blood volume.

本发明的特征在于，这是一种使近红外透过人体皮肤外层进入待测组织，从而检测到与血容量变化相关的部分漫射光信息的检测装置，该装置含有：近红外光源；光源调制电路；光电传感器；光电信号采集、放大、处理电路；体温传感器；体温采集电路，以及单片机，其中：The present invention is characterized in that it is a detection device that allows near-infrared to penetrate the outer layer of human skin into the tissue to be measured, thereby detecting part of the diffuse light information related to blood volume changes. The device includes: a near-infrared light source; a light source Modulation circuit; photoelectric sensor; photoelectric signal acquisition, amplification and processing circuit; body temperature sensor; body temperature acquisition circuit, and single-chip microcomputer, of which:

近红外光源，采用906nm的发光二极管，直接与人体皮肤的表面接触；Near-infrared light source, using 906nm light-emitting diodes, directly contacts the surface of human skin;

光电传感器，采用906nm的光电二极管直接与人体皮肤的表面接触，且与所述的近红外光源相距3.0cm，用于采集所述待测组织的漫发射光；A photoelectric sensor adopts a 906nm photodiode to directly contact the surface of the human skin, and is 3.0 cm away from the near-infrared light source, and is used to collect the diffuse emission light of the tissue to be measured;

体温传感器，直接与人体皮肤接触，采用人体温度传感器测量，范围为35℃～42℃；光源调制电路采用555振荡电路，该电路的调制信号输出端与所述近红外光源的相应的调制信号输入端相连；The body temperature sensor is in direct contact with the human skin, and is measured by a human body temperature sensor, with a range of 35°C to 42°C; the light source modulation circuit adopts a 555 oscillator circuit, and the modulation signal output terminal of the circuit is input to the corresponding modulation signal of the near-infrared light source end connected;

光电信号采集、放大、处理电路，含有依次前后串接的第一前级放大电路，5KHz带通滤波电路，第一次级放大电路，解调电路，第一偏置电路，以及第一低通滤波电路，所述解调电路的5KHz调制信号输入端与所述555振荡器的相应的输出端相连，所述第一前级放大电路的信号输入端与所述光电传感器的传感信号输出端相连；Photoelectric signal acquisition, amplification, and processing circuit, including the first pre-amplifier circuit, 5KHz band-pass filter circuit, first-stage amplifier circuit, demodulation circuit, first bias circuit, and first low-pass circuit connected in series. filter circuit, the 5KHz modulation signal input end of the demodulation circuit is connected to the corresponding output end of the 555 oscillator, the signal input end of the first pre-amplification circuit is connected to the sensing signal output end of the photoelectric sensor connected;

体温采集电路，含有：依次前后串接的第二前级放大电路，第二次级放大电路，第二偏置电路和第二低通滤波电路，所述第二前级放大电路的传感信号输入端与体温传感器的相应输出端相连；The body temperature acquisition circuit includes: a second pre-amplifier circuit connected in series, a second secondary amplifying circuit, a second bias circuit and a second low-pass filter circuit, and the sensing signal of the second pre-amplifying circuit The input end is connected with the corresponding output end of the body temperature sensor;

单片机，采用ADuC812，该单片机通过内置的A/D转换器与所述的第一低通滤波电路，第二低通滤波电路的数据信号输出端相连，此外，还分别与存储芯片，串口通信电路相连。The single-chip microcomputer adopts ADuC812, and the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the first low-pass filter circuit and the data signal output end of the second low-pass filter circuit through the built-in A/D converter. In addition, it is also connected with the memory chip and the serial communication circuit respectively. connected.

本发明的特点是无创，准确，便携式的同步检测局部皮肤血容量和表皮温度。The present invention is characterized by non-invasive, accurate and portable simultaneous detection of local skin blood volume and skin temperature.

本发明的数据的容量大，数据的传输方便，操作界面简洁，明了。因为需要涉及到不间断的数据采集和记录，数据存储量比较大。数据的读取很方便，只需要使用专用的软件就能从系统读出数据，设备和计算机的链接可以采用多种方式，比如串口的传输，无线的实时传输.利用串口的传输可以作为后期存储数据的读取，而可升级的无线传输可以作为实时的监控的手段。The invention has large data capacity, convenient data transmission, and simple and clear operation interface. Because it needs to involve uninterrupted data collection and recording, the data storage capacity is relatively large. It is very convenient to read the data. You only need to use special software to read the data from the system. The link between the device and the computer can be connected in a variety of ways, such as serial port transmission, wireless real-time transmission. Utilizing serial port transmission can be used as later storage The reading of data, and the upgradeable wireless transmission can be used as a means of real-time monitoring.

本发明的计算机软件能够对数据进行相应的处理，得出初步的结论，以供参考。配套的计算机处理软件，提供方便，清晰的数据传输和处理平台，能够提供一定的数据处理和分析能力。计算机软件不但要对上游的数据采集进行控制，通信，而且采集的数据要进行进一步的滤波，平滑，分析。计算机软件还要对采集的数据进行管理，建立病例档案，方便的进行调用察看。The computer software of the present invention can process the data accordingly, and draw preliminary conclusions for reference. The supporting computer processing software provides a convenient and clear data transmission and processing platform, and can provide certain data processing and analysis capabilities. Computer software not only needs to control and communicate upstream data collection, but also needs to further filter, smooth and analyze the collected data. Computer software also manages the collected data, establishes case files, and calls and inspects them conveniently.

本发明采用了便携式的设计，装置小巧，佩戴舒适，功耗低，电池使用时间长。而针对一边用户开发的计算机程序，界面美观，操作方便。.The invention adopts a portable design, the device is compact, comfortable to wear, low power consumption, and long battery life. The computer program developed for one side of the user has a beautiful interface and is easy to operate. .

附图说明：Description of drawings:

图1为本发明的系统电路结构框图。Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the system circuit structure of the present invention.

图2为本发明的硬件结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the present invention.

图3为本发明单片机采集控制程序流程图。Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the acquisition control program of the single-chip microcomputer of the present invention.

图4为本发明计算机软件功能框图。Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of the computer software of the present invention.

图5为本发明佩戴示意图：1 体温传感器，2 红外LED，3 腰带，4 人体。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of wearing the present invention: 1 body temperature sensor, 2 infrared LED, 3 belt, 4 human body.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明提出了一种用于测量局部皮肤血容量变化研究的近红外检测装置，包括近红外光源，近红外光电传感器，光电信号的采集放大电路，温度传感器，温度信号采集放大电路，模数转换电路，数字控制电路，数据存储模块，与计算机的串口通信电路，以及在计算机上运行的信号采集控制和处理程序。The invention proposes a near-infrared detection device for measuring changes in local skin blood volume, including a near-infrared light source, a near-infrared photoelectric sensor, a photoelectric signal acquisition and amplification circuit, a temperature sensor, a temperature signal acquisition and amplification circuit, and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a digital control circuit, a data storage module, a serial port communication circuit with a computer, and a signal acquisition control and processing program running on the computer.

利用近红外光在外层组织的良好穿透性，让其透过外层进入待测组织，利用部分漫发射光的信息解出血容量。由于这方法是测量传感器下方待定部位的血氧参数，因此又称为局部组织的血容量。近红外光源发出的红外光经过局部皮肤组织和血液衰减后，光电传感器接收经过衰减后的红外光子，然后基于血液对近红外光的吸收和散射的强度与血容量的关系来判断血容量的变化，同时，皮肤表皮温度和局部血容量的变化密切相关。通过与皮肤接触的温敏传感器，获取人体皮肤温度数据，利用温度传感器同步测量表皮温度，作为局部皮肤血容量的德参照信息。人体体温变化范围一般在35℃～42℃之间，因此需要用专用的人体体温区段的温敏传感器。Utilize the good penetrability of near-infrared light in the outer layer of tissue, let it enter the tissue to be measured through the outer layer, and use the information of part of the diffuse light to decipher the blood volume. Since this method is to measure the blood oxygen parameters of the undetermined part under the sensor, it is also called the blood volume of the local tissue. After the infrared light emitted by the near-infrared light source is attenuated by local skin tissue and blood, the photoelectric sensor receives the attenuated infrared photons, and then judges the change of blood volume based on the relationship between the intensity of absorption and scattering of near-infrared light by blood and blood volume , At the same time, changes in skin surface temperature and local blood volume are closely related. Through the temperature sensitive sensor in contact with the skin, the human skin temperature data is obtained, and the temperature sensor is used to measure the skin temperature synchronously, as the reference information of the local skin blood volume. The temperature range of the human body temperature is generally between 35°C and 42°C, so it is necessary to use a dedicated temperature-sensitive sensor for the body temperature section.

下面结合附图及实例对本发明进行进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

本发明用于检测局部血容量变化和表皮温度的系统结构如图1所示。包括近红外光源(本实例采用906nm的发光二极管TLN104)，近红外光电传感器(本实例采用906nm的光电二极管TLP104)，光电信号的采集放大电路，温度传感采集放大电路(本实例采用的是人体温度传感器503ET)，模数转换电路，数字控制电路(本实例采用的是高速单片机AduC812)，数据存储模块(本实例采用的是大容量存储芯片I2C EEROM AT24C512)，与计算机通信的串口电路(本实例采用的是电平芯片MAX3232)，以及在计算机上运行的信号采集控制和处理程序(本实例开发的版本号为NIMS1.0)。The system structure of the present invention for detecting changes in local blood volume and skin temperature is shown in FIG. 1 . Including near-infrared light source (this example uses 906nm light-emitting diode TLN104), near-infrared photoelectric sensor (this example uses 906nm photodiode TLP104), photoelectric signal acquisition and amplification circuit, temperature sensing acquisition and amplification circuit (this example uses human body temperature sensor 503ET), analog-to-digital conversion circuit, digital control circuit (this example uses a high-speed single-chip AduC812), data storage module (this example uses a large-capacity storage chip I2C EEROM AT24C512), and a serial port circuit for computer communication (this example The example uses the level chip MAX3232), and the signal acquisition control and processing program running on the computer (the version number developed in this example is NIMS1.0).

本发明的近红外光源，光电传感器，以及体温传感器直接与人体皮肤表面接触。光源采用脉冲调制发射方式，光源与光电传感器距离为3.0cm，根据近红外光传播的近似扩散方程，光子能够深入皮肤一下约1.5cm处，这个深度已经能够到达脂肪层下的微血管区域。体温传感器经过软件校准后精度为0.2摄氏度，满足研究要求。The near-infrared light source, photoelectric sensor, and body temperature sensor of the present invention are in direct contact with the surface of human skin. The light source adopts the pulse modulation emission method, and the distance between the light source and the photoelectric sensor is 3.0cm. According to the approximate diffusion equation of near-infrared light propagation, the photons can penetrate the skin about 1.5cm below, and this depth can reach the microvascular area under the fat layer. After software calibration, the temperature sensor has an accuracy of 0.2 degrees Celsius, which meets the research requirements.

本发明采用的数据采集控制和模数转换均在高速单片机AduC512上实现，但是并不局限于在单片机的平台上。系统工作时首先进行各个模块的初始化，准备好与存储芯片以及计算机的通信，在计算机下达命令后，就可以与计算机脱开，自动进行数据采集，模数转换，存储，数据传输等一系列的动作，数字采集控制程序流程图如图3。The data acquisition control and analog-to-digital conversion adopted in the present invention are all realized on the high-speed single-chip microcomputer AduC512, but are not limited to the platform of the single-chip microcomputer. When the system is working, it first initializes each module and prepares for communication with the memory chip and the computer. After the computer gives an order, it can be disconnected from the computer to automatically perform a series of data acquisition, analog-to-digital conversion, storage, and data transmission. Action, digital acquisition control program flow chart shown in Figure 3.

本发明采用便携腰带式设计，将全部硬件结构包装在黑色的腰带中，能够保证传感器与皮肤的可靠接触，并且能够较好地屏蔽自然光对测量的干扰。本发明佩戴示意图如图5。The invention adopts a portable belt design, and packs all hardware structures in a black belt, which can ensure reliable contact between the sensor and the skin, and can better shield the interference of natural light on the measurement. The wearing diagram of the present invention is shown in Fig. 5 .

Claims (2)

1. the portable near-infrared detection apparatus of human body local plasma volume variation parameter, it is characterized in that, this is a kind ofly to make near-infrared see through the human body skin skin to enter tissue to be measured, thereby detect the checkout gear that changes the casual emission of relevant part optical information with blood volume, this device contains: near-infrared light source; The modulation of source circuit; Photoelectric sensor; Photoelectric signal collection, amplification, treatment circuit; Body temperature trans; Body temperature Acquisition Circuit, and single-chip microcomputer, wherein:

Near-infrared light source, the light emitting diode of employing 906nm directly contacts with the surface of human body skin,

Photoelectric sensor adopts the photodiode of 906nm directly to contact with the surface of human body skin, and with described near-infrared light source 3.0cm apart, be used to gather the casual emission light of described tissue to be measured,

Body temperature trans directly contacts with human body skin, adopts temperature sensor for human body to measure, scope is 35 ℃～42 ℃, the modulation of source circuit adopts 555 oscillating circuits, and the modulation signal outfan of this circuit links to each other with the corresponding modulation signal input of described near-infrared light source

Photoelectric signal collection, amplification, treatment circuit, contain first preamplifying circuit of tandem connection successively, the 5KHz bandwidth-limited circuit, first secondary amplification circuit, demodulator circuit, first biasing circuit, and first low-pass filter circuit, the 5KHz modulation signal input of described demodulator circuit links to each other with the corresponding outfan of described 555 oscillating circuits, and the signal input part of described first preamplifying circuit links to each other with the transducing signal outfan of described photoelectric sensor

The body temperature Acquisition Circuit, contain: second preamplifying circuit of tandem connection successively, second subprime amplifying circuit, second biasing circuit and second low-pass filter circuit, the transducing signal input of described second preamplifying circuit links to each other with the corresponding output end of body temperature trans

Single-chip microcomputer adopts ADuC812, and this single-chip microcomputer is by built-in A/D converter and described first low-pass filter circuit, and the data signal outfan of second low-pass filter circuit links to each other, in addition, also respectively with storage chip, serial communication circuit is continuous.

2. the portable near-infrared detection apparatus of human body local plasma volume variation parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described device package is in belt.

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