Background technology
Since IBM Corporation introduces chip package (Flip chip package) technology in early days in nineteen sixty, compare with routing (Wire bond) technology, the characteristics of Flip Chip are that the electric connection between semiconductor chip and substrate is by solder bump, rather than general gold thread.The advantage of this Flip Chip is to improve the size of packaging density and reduction package assembling.Simultaneously, this Flip Chip need not use long metal wire, so can improve the performance of electrical aspect.In view of this, industry is used high temperature scolding tin on ceramic substrate, and (Control-collapsechipconnection C4), has for many years the chip interconnection technique of promptly so-called control disintegration.In recent years, because high density, at a high speed and the increase of semiconductor subassembly demand cheaply, simultaneously in response to the diminishing trend of the volume of electronic product, to cover brilliant assembly and (for example be arranged at cheaply organic circuit board, printed circuit board (PCB) or substrate), and be filled in chip below with epoxy resin primer (Under fill resin), to reduce between silicon and the organic circuit plate structure, presented volatile growth because of the thermal stress that thermal dilation difference was produced.
In existing Flip Chip, dispose electrical electrode pad (Electrode pads) on the surface of semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) chip, organic circuit board also has corresponding electric connection pad, between this chip and circuit board solder bump or other conductive adhesive material can be set suitably.This chip is to be arranged on this circuit board in the ventricumbent mode of electrical contact, and its characteristics are that this solder bump or conductive adhesive material provide electrical I/O (I/O) and the mechanical connection between this chip and circuit board.
See also Figure 1A and Figure 1B, this is a kind of existing brilliant assembly that covers, as shown in FIG., several metal couplings 11 are formed on theelectrode pad 12 of chip 13, and several are formed on the electric connection pad 15 of organic circuit board 16 by the made pre-solder bump 14 of scolder.Be enough to make under the reflow temperature condition of these pre-solder bump 14 fusions, by pre-solder bump 14 reflows to corresponding metal coupling 11 can be formed scolding tin knot 17.With regard to solder bump scolding tin knot (Solder bump joint), insert primer material 18 in the crack between can be further between this chip and this circuit board, with thermal expansion difference that suppresses 16 of this chip 13 and this circuit boards and the stress that reduces this scolding tin knot.
See also Fig. 2, this is a kind of existing organic circuit board 2 that is used for flip chip, this circuit board haselectric connection pad 21, and theinsulating barrier 22 of this organic circuit board 2 can be made by the organic material of organic material, combined filament or the organic material of mixed particle etc. (for example, epoxy resin, polyimides (Polyimide), span come acyl to come composite material of amine/triazine radical (Bismaleimide triazine-based) resin, cyanate (Cyanate ester) or its glass fibre (Glass fiber) etc.).Thiselectric connection pad 21 is formed by metal material (for example, copper) typically.Generalmetal barrier layer 23 is to comprise being formed on the nickel adhesion coating on thiselectric connection pad 21 and being formed on golden protective layer on the nickel adhesion coating.This barrier layer also can be by gold, nickel, palladium, silver, tin, nickel/palladium, chromium/titanium, palladium/gold or nickel/palladium/gold etc., by electroplating (Electroplating), non-chemically electroplating (Electroless plating) or physical vapour deposition (PVD) methods such as (Physical vapor deposition) and form.Apply organic insulatingprotective layer 24 afterwards on the surface of this circuit board 2, for example green lacquer etc. is formed on the circuit layer on this circuit board surface and insulation characterisitic is provided with protection.
As shown in Figure 2, thiselectric connection pad 21 is to expose in the insulatingprotective layer 24, and is formed withpre-solder bump 25 on thiselectric connection pad 21 and covers brilliant scolding tin knot for follow-up formation; And industry mainly is to deposit scolding tin to form pre-solder bump on thiselectric connection pad 21 by the mould printing technology at present, and wherein the more common template sheet material of this mould printing technology is steel plate.Yet, in practical operation, because communication now, the significantly growth of network and computer etc. various portable (Portable) product, can dwindle the IC area and have high density and the spherical grid array type of many pinizations characteristic (BGA), crystal covering type (Flip chip), chip size packages (CSP, Chip size package) with multi-chip module (MCM, Multi chip module) etc. packaging part day by day becomes the main flow on the encapsulation market, and normal and microprocessor, chipset, high-effect chip collocation such as drawing chip and ASIC is with performance calculation function more at a high speed.These structures certainly will be dwindled line width and electric connection pad size; when electricconnection pad gap 26 continues reduction; because the existence of insulatingprotective layer 24 between this electric connection pad;electric connection pad 21 areas of part will be sheltered from; make expose outside this insulatingprotective layer 24electric connection pad 21 sizes more shape dwindle; cause the contraposition of the pre-solder bump of follow-up formation to have problems; simultaneously also because of the shared space of this insulatingprotective layer 24 and the effect of altitude of its formation; template bore size in the mould printing technology certainly will be reduced thereupon; not only, the template die sinking improves because of being difficult for causing the manufacturing cost of this template; more be difficult to make pre-soldering tin material to pass, cause the bottleneck on the process technique because of the perforate pitch-row of this template is trickle.Moreover; because this insulatingprotective layer 24 shelters fromelectric connection pad 21 areas of part; and the space that it is shared and the effect of altitude of its formation; to cause the pre-soldering tin material use amount increase and the relative thickness of base plate for packaging to increase, cause the increase of processing procedure expense and compactization of unfavorable semiconductor device.In addition; form pre-scolding tin with plating mode in the open area of insulatingprotective layer 24 in addition; also the contact area that is formed on the electric connection pad because of pre-soldering tin material is restricted, and formed pre-scolding tin adhesion intensity is not good enough, fails reliability test by pre-scolding tin.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, how to avoid forming that aligning accuracy deficiency, the adhesion intensity of pre-soldering tin material is not good crosses problems such as low with mould printing technology process rate, effectively on an integrated circuit (IC) substrate package, form the structure of pre-scolding tin, become the problem of desiring most ardently solution at present in fact.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Below be conjunction with figs., describe semiconductor packing substrate for forming presoldering tin material and method for making embodiment thereof among the present invention in detail.What must note a bit is herein, these accompanying drawings are the schematic diagram of simplification, it only illustrates basic structure of the present invention in a schematic way, therefore it only shows the formation relevant with the present invention, and shown formation be not number when implementing, shape with reality, and dimension scale draw, number, shape and dimension scale during its actual enforcement is a kind of optionally design, and its formation arrangement form may be more complicated.
Shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 I, describe the embodiment generalized section of semiconductor packing substrate for forming presoldering tin material method for making of the present invention in detail.
See also Fig. 3 A, semiconductor base plate forpackaging 3 at first is provided, the surface of this base plate forpackaging 3 has been formed with a plurality of electric connection pads 32.Certainly this substrate surface also can be formed with a plurality of conductingwires 31 simultaneously for being connected with this electric connection pad 32.The process technique that forms electric connection pad and conducting wire about base plate for packaging is various, they be industry known process technique, so its non-this case technical characterstic is no longer repeat specification.
See also Fig. 3 B, then utilize modes such as printing, spin coating or applying on this is formed with base plate for packaging 3 surfaces ofelectric connection pad 32, form an organic insulationprotective layer 33, this organic insulation protective layer can be to refuse welding flux layer, for example green lacquer.
See also Fig. 3 C; carry out the thickness of this organic insulationprotective layer 33 of thinning; so as to manifesting the upper surface of thiselectric connection pad 32; it can be by technology such as grindings; remove this organic insulationprotective layer 33 of part,, make the periphery fluid-tight engagement of this organicprotection insulating barrier 33 andelectric connection pad 32 to expose the upper surface of thiselectric connection pad 32; and the complete upper surface that manifests thiselectric connection pad 32, so promptly constitute semiconductor packing substrate for forming presoldering tin material of the present invention.
See also Fig. 3 D, when if this substrate surface is formed withelectric connection pad 32 simultaneously with conductingwire 31, also utilize modes such as printing, spin coating or applying on these base plate for packaging 3 surfaces, be coated with adielectric film 34, thisdielectric film 34 can be the oxidation-resistant film of organic or inorganic, and utilize patterning process such as exposure, development, and make thisdielectric film 34 cover this conductingwire 31, make the upper surface of thiselectric connection pad 32 be emerging in the surface of this base plate for packaging 3.If this base plate forpackaging 3 is not formed with conductingwire 31 at outermost surface, promptly there is not the necessity (shown in Fig. 3 D ') that formsdielectric film 34 coverings.Certainly, this conductingwire 31 also can formdielectric film 34 and be covered (as Fig. 3 D " shown in), and in the pre-scolding tin processing procedure of follow-up plating, directly covers with resistance layer and also can.
See also Fig. 3 E, also can on these base plate forpackaging 3 surfaces, form conductingfilm 35; This conductingfilm 35 is electroplated the required current conduction path of pre-scolding tin mainly as aftermentioned, it can be made of metal, alloy or deposit multilayer metal level, as is selected from any composition of copper, tin, nickel, chromium, titanium, copper-evanohm or group that tin-lead alloy constitutes.By physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), electroless plating or chemical precipitation, for example sputter (Sputtering), evaporation (Evaporation), electric arc steam deposition (Arc vapor deposition), ion beam sputter (Ionbeams puttering), the molten diffusing deposition of laser (Laser ablation deposition) or electricity slurry promote the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) mode to be formed on this circuit board surface.Shown in Fig. 3 E, it is to overlay on the base plate for packaging that the surface haselectric connection pad 32 and conductingwire 31 with conductingfilm 35, and this conductingwire 31 is in its surface coverage one deckdielectric film 34 to be arranged earlier.Shown in Fig. 3 E ', it is that promptly this substrate surface is not coated with dielectric film, but directly forms conductingfilm 35 on substrate surface when base plate forpackaging 3 outermost surfaces when shape does not have the conducting wire.As for Fig. 3 E " shown in be conductingfilm 35 is directly overlayed on the base plate for packaging that the surface haselectric connection pad 32 and conductingwire 31, and these 31 surfaces, conducting wire can be coated with one deck dielectric film 34.The following drawings, to have conducting wire and electric connection pad with this substrate surface, and being formed with a dielectric film (corresponding diagram 3E) on this conducting wire is illustrated for example, this substrate surface only has (the corresponding diagram 3E ') of electric connection pad relatively, and this substrate surface has conducting wire and electric connection pad, and be not formed with on this conducting wire a dielectric film (corresponding diagram 3E "), its fabrication steps is roughly the same, main difference only is to be formed withdielectric film 34 on the conducting wire of substrate surface.
See also Fig. 3 F, then patterning is formed with aresistance layer 36 on the conductingfilm 35 on these base plate for packaging 3 surfaces, makes thisresistance layer 36 be formed with a plurality ofperforates 360, to manifest the conductingfilm 35 on theseelectric connection pad 32 surfaces.Thisresistance layer 36 can be a photoresist layer such as dry film or liquid photoresistance (Photo resist) for example, it is to utilize modes such as printing, spin coating or applying, be formed on this base plate for packaging 3 surfaces, relend, also can form this perforate 360 by laser technology by modes such as exposure, development patterning in addition.
See also Fig. 3 G, then this base plate forpackaging 3 is electroplated (Electroplating) processing procedure, tool conductive characteristic by this conductingfilm 35, when electroplating, can be used as current conduction path, on theelectric connection pad 32 in this resistance layer perforate 360, plating is formed with pre-soldering tin material, reduce the generation of following point by plating mode: in the mould printing technology, when the dwindling of electric connection pad size and spacing, the perforate of this template must diminish thereupon, causes this template die sinking to be difficult for improving with manufacturing cost; Be difficult to make pre-soldering tin material to pass because of the perforate pitch-row of this template is trickle; The template wiped clean causes problems such as bottleneck on the process technique and inconvenience.This can fully be applied on the base plate for packaging with small circuit and electric connection pad spacing.Wherein, this pre-soldering tin material can be selected from the alloy that mixture constituted of lead, tin, silver, copper, bismuth, antimony, zinc, nickel, zirconium, magnesium, indium, tellurium and gallium cohort element.
See also Fig. 3 H, after the exposed surface of thiselectric connection pad 32 is finished the pre-soldering tin material of plating, remove thisresistance layer 36 earlier, then, will have the conductingfilm 35 that is covered by thisresistance layer 36 again now and remove.Wherein, the pre-soldering tin material of finishing of electroplating can be aconductive pole 37 forms on thiselectric connection pad 32, and is follow-up in order to be electrically conducted the electrode pad of crystal covering type semiconductor chip.
See also Fig. 3 I, also can be under the temperature conditions of the pre-soldering tin material fusion that is enough to make this electroplating deposition, carry out reflow (Reflow-Soldering) processing procedure, make this pre-soldering tin material through reflow, form pre-solderbump 38 on thiselectric connection pad 32, follow-up engaging with the metal coupling of semiconductor chip forms the scolding tin knot.
Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E describes another example of semiconductor packing substrate for forming presoldering tin material method for making of the present invention in detail, and it is to utilize the mould printing mode, deposits soldering tin material being revealed on the electric connection pad of substrate surface.
See also Fig. 4 A, semiconductor base plate forpackaging 3 at first is provided, the surface of this base plate forpackaging 3 has been formed with a plurality of electric connection pads 32.Certainly this substrate surface also can be formed with a plurality of conductingwires 31 simultaneously for being connected with thiselectric connection pad 32.
See also Fig. 4 B, then utilize modes such as printing, spin coating or applying on this is formed with base plate for packaging 3 surfaces ofelectric connection pad 32, be formed with an organic insulationprotective layer 33, this organic insulation protective layer can be to refuse welding flux layer, for example green lacquer.
See also Fig. 4 C; carry out the thickness of this organic insulationprotective layer 33 of thinning; so as to manifesting the upper surface of thiselectric connection pad 32, make the periphery fluid-tight engagement of this organicprotection insulating barrier 33 andelectric connection pad 32, and the complete upper surface that manifests thiselectric connection pad 32.
See also Fig. 4 D, when if this substrate surface is formed withelectric connection pad 32 simultaneously with conductingwire 31, also onedielectric film 34 is arranged in these base plate for packaging 3 surface-coated, thisdielectric film 34 can be the oxidation-resistant film of organic or inorganic, and utilize patterning process such as exposure, development, make thisdielectric film 34 cover this conductingwire 31, make the upper surface of thiselectric connection pad 32 be emerging in the surface of this base plate for packaging 3.If this base plate forpackaging 3 is not formed with conductingwire 31 at outermost surface, promptly there is not the necessity (shown in Fig. 3 D ') that formsdielectric film 34 coverings.Certainly, this conductingwire 31 also can formdielectric film 34 and be covered (as Fig. 3 D " shown in).In the present embodiment accompanying drawing, be to be formed with conducting wire and electric connection pad, and be formed with on this conducting wire that a dielectric film is illustrated with substrate surface.
See also Fig. 4 E, afterwards, can be by the mould printing technology, on theelectric connection pad 32 on thesesubstrate 3 surfaces, deposit soldering tin material, and under the reflow temperature condition of the soldering tin material fusion that is enough to make this deposition, carry out the processing procedure of reflow (Reflow-soldering), make this soldering tin material, on thiselectric connection pad 32,form solder bump 35 through reflow.Because the thickness of thisdielectric film 34 only is about 2 to 5 microns, not only do not cover around this electric connection pad, the thickness of thisdielectric film 34 simultaneously, can not influence follow-up surface yet and utilize mould printing at thissubstrate 3, the exploitativeness of deposition soldering tin material on thiselectric connection pad 32 is to reduce the generation of contraposition problem.Certainly,, do not have these problems yet, can effectively provide the mould printing technology to have on theelectric connection pad 32 long-pending, form pre-solderbump 35 than large contact surface at this if this substrate surface is not formed with this dielectric film.The more common template sheet material of above-mentioned mould printing technology is steel plate.
Following conjunction with figs. is illustrated Application Example of the present invention, wherein, base plate forpackaging 3 by the pre-scolding tin structure of the formed tool of method for making of the present invention, in an Application Example, formedconductive pole 37 on theelectric connection pad 32 of this base plate forpackaging 3 is to use the semiconductor chip that is bonded on a tool electrode pad.Shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, onesemiconductor chip 41 withseveral electrode pad 42 is provided, correspond to the position of theconductive pole 37 of this base plate forpackaging 3 respectively with theelectrode pad 42 of thissemiconductor chip 41, thissemiconductor chip 41 is provided with and is electrically conducted on this base plate forpackaging 3.
According to the present invention, another embodiment of this base plate forpackaging 3 can use to be bonded on the semiconductor chip with metal coupling.As shown in Figure 6A,semiconductor chip 51 has the action face that a plurality ofelectrode pad 52 are formed on thissemiconductor chip 51, haveseveral metal couplings 53 on thiselectrode pad 52, and thissemiconductor chip 51 is in the mode of corresponding respectively pre-solderbump 38 positions at this base plate forpackaging 3 of thismetal coupling 53, is arranged on this base plate for packaging 3.Then, shown in Fig. 6 B, make thesepre-solder bump 38 reflows to thismetal coupling 53, cover brilliant scolding tin knot 54 between thissemiconductor chip 51 and this base plate forpackaging 3, to form.Metal coupling 53 on thissemiconductor chip 51 can be made of metal, alloy or deposition several metal, for example solder bump, golden projection, copper bump or with the copper post of scolding tin cap (Solder Caps) covering etc.; And this metal coupling can be an Any shape, for example follows closely the projection of column-like projection block, spherical protrusions, column-like projection block or other shape.
According to the present invention, an Application Example again of this base plate forpackaging 3 also can be used on simultaneously to form covers brilliant scolding tin knot and the plate scolding tin knot to plate.Shown in Fig. 7 A, prepare a circuit board 6, this circuit board 6 can be organic or ceramic circuit board, andchip 62 is arranged on the suitable position of this circuit board 6; On this circuit board 6, severalelectric connection pads 61 are formed on the periphery of thischip 62, wherein, a plurality of metal couplings the 64, the 65th are respectively formed on theelectrode pad 63 of thiselectric connection pad 61 of this circuit board 6 and this chip 62.Then, this circuit board 6 by making itsmetal coupling 64,65 towards the mode that is formed on thepre-solder bump 38 on this base plate forpackaging 3, is connect and puts on this base plate for packaging 3.Shown in Fig. 7 B, make thesemetal coupling 64,65 difference reflows to corresponding pre-solderbump 38, cover brilliantscolding tin knot 66 between thischip 62 and this base plate forpackaging 3, to form, and between this circuit board 6 and this base plate forpackaging 3, form the scoldingtin knot 67 of plate plate.
In further application of the invention embodiment, this base plate forpackaging 3 also can be used as the conductor package substrate of making crystal covered package 70.Please refer to Fig. 8, this substrate respectively thereon, lower surface forms a plurality of electric connection pads, and, on the electric connection pad of this upper surface of base plate, form a plurality ofpre-solder bumps 38, and plant on the electric connection pad of this base lower surface and be connected to several soldered balls 39 by said method.Semiconductor chip 71 is arranged on this base plate forpackaging 3 to cover crystal type, this set-up mode that covers crystalline substance is the metal coupling 73 that makes on the electrode pad 72 that is formed on this chip 71, be soldered to thispre-solder bump 38 that is formed on this base plate forpackaging 3, and be filled in the gap between this chip 71 and this base plate forpackaging 3, to form this crystal covered package 70 with primer material 74.
Because in semiconductor packing substrate for forming presoldering tin material of the present invention and the method for making thereof; be that the organic insulation protective layer is manifested the electric connection pad upper surface; this electric connection pad is had than large tracts of land for forming pre-soldering tin material; avoid formation because of this insulating protective layer; the influence that causes taking integrated circuit and electric connection pad space and form height; the pre-soldering tin material use amount increase and the relative thickness of circuit package substrate are increased; cause the raising of processing procedure expense and compactization of unfavorable semiconductor device; and can be by increasing the contact area of electric connection pad with the pre-soldering tin material of deposition, and help promoting pre-scolding tin adhesion intensity.
Electric connection pad of the present invention, also can be applicable to convex pads, prewelding soldering pad or solder ball pad etc. in the general circuit plate, existing accompanying drawing is only represented with the part electric connection pad, in fact this electric connection pad and the number of scolding tin in advance, be required and designed and be distributed in the surface of base plate for packaging, and this processing procedure may be implemented on the single side or two sided of base plate for packaging according to actual processing procedure.And the foregoing description only is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof, but not is used to limit the present invention.