CN100415046C - Virtual Soft Handoff Method for Code Division Multiple Access Data System - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChineseDescription
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及虚拟切换方法，尤指一种码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法。The invention relates to a virtual switching method, in particular to a virtual soft switching method of a code division multiple access data system.
背景技术Background technique
CDMA20001x EV-DO(码分多址数据系统)标准最早起源于高通(Qualcomm)公司的HDR技术，早在1997年的时候Qualcomm就提出HDR(高速数据)的概念，此后经过不断地完善和实验在2000年3月份以CDMA20001xEV-DO的名称向3GPP2提交正式的技术方案。The CDMA20001x EV-DO (Code Division Multiple Access Data System) standard originated from the HDR technology of Qualcomm (Qualcomm). As early as 1997, Qualcomm proposed the concept of HDR (High Speed Data). In March 2000, a formal technical proposal was submitted to 3GPP2 under the name of CDMA20001xEV-DO.
CDMA 1xEV的意思是‘Evolution’，也表示标准的发展，DO的意思为Data Only，后来有为了能够更好地表达此技术的含义，把Data Only改为DataOptimized，表示EV-DO技术是对1X网络在提供数据业务方面的一个有效的增强手段。CDMA 1xEV means 'Evolution', which also means the development of the standard. DO means Data Only. Later, in order to better express the meaning of this technology, Data Only was changed to DataOptimized, indicating that EV-DO technology is an improvement on 1X An effective means of enhancing the network in providing data services.
码分多址数据系统前向链路上，由于各时刻只有一个终端与基站进行数据通信，因此前向链路无软切换。在前向链路下，终端从一个基站的通信切换到另一个基站的过程称为虚拟软切换(VSHO)，即同一时刻只有一个载频为其提供服务。当终端移动到其它载频覆盖区时，引入虚拟软切换流程，将前向服务载频切换过去。虚拟软切换流程实现：通过快速比较前向导频强度，选择信号最强者作为服务载频；AT(接入终端，Access Terminal)通过前向速率控制(DRC，Data Rate Control)子信道向AN(接入网络，Access Network)快速反馈前向信道的质量，包括下一个时隙所能接受的最高前向速率以及期望从哪一个扇区接收数据，发送DRC请求；而基站根据DRC请求中指定的服务载频给AT发送数据。On the forward link of the code division multiple access data system, since only one terminal performs data communication with the base station at each moment, there is no soft handoff on the forward link. In the forward link, the process that the terminal switches from one base station to another base station is called virtual soft handover (VSHO), that is, only one carrier frequency provides services for it at the same time. When the terminal moves to another carrier frequency coverage area, a virtual soft handover process is introduced to switch the forward service carrier frequency there. Realization of virtual soft handover process: by quickly comparing the strength of forward pilots, the one with the strongest signal is selected as the service carrier frequency; AT (Access Terminal, Access Terminal) transmits data to AN ( Access Network, Access Network) quickly feeds back the quality of the forward channel, including the highest forward rate that the next time slot can accept and which sector it expects to receive data from, and sends a DRC request; and the base station sends a DRC request according to the specified DRC request The service carrier sends data to the AT.
由于高通提出的虚拟切换技术方案采用的是简单门限方式，没有迟滞，一旦发现最优导频发生变化就发起切换，而在发起切换的一段时间内是没有数据传输的。因此，当终端进入交叠覆盖区(交叠覆盖区是指多个小区同时覆盖的区域并且无显著主导频)时，由于主导频的频繁变化，信号强度变化比较快，会造成虚拟软切换的乒乓切换，而从收到请求到提供数据有一定的时间间隔，就会导致前向数据吞吐量降低甚至无法传输数据。Since the virtual handover technology proposed by Qualcomm adopts a simple threshold method without hysteresis, once the optimal pilot is found to change, the handover is initiated, and there is no data transmission for a period of time when the handover is initiated. Therefore, when the terminal enters the overlapping coverage area (the overlapping coverage area refers to the area covered by multiple cells at the same time and has no significant dominant pilot), due to the frequent changes of the dominant pilot, the signal strength changes relatively quickly, which will cause virtual soft handover Ping-pong switching, and there is a certain time interval from receiving the request to providing the data, which will cause the forward data throughput to decrease or even fail to transmit data.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的问题是提供一种码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法，减少虚拟软切换的乒乓切换。The problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a virtual soft handoff method of a code division multiple access data system, which reduces the ping-pong handover of the virtual soft handover.
为解决上述问题，本发明码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法包括1)设置用于虚拟软切换的定时器及超时时间参数；设置用于表示导频强度差的阈值参数；2)在激活态连续测量激活集中的每个导频强度，且当前服务导频为当前最强导频；3)在测量到存在当前最强导频强度与当前服务导频的导频强度差值大于阈值参数值时，启动定时器并继续测量激活集中的导频强度；4)如果定时器未超过超时时间参数值，且测量到当前服务导频再次是最强导频时，则定时器复位，返回步骤2)；5)如果定时器超过超时时间参数值，则选择当前最强导频的载频为服务载频，向接入网络发送虚拟软切换请求，执行虚拟软切换流程。In order to solve the above problems, the CDMA data system virtual soft handover method of the present invention comprises 1) setting the timer and the overtime time parameter for virtual soft handover; Continuously measure the strength of each pilot in the active set, and the current serving pilot is the current strongest pilot; 3) The difference between the current strongest pilot strength and the current serving pilot’s pilot strength is greater than the threshold parameter value, start the timer and continue to measure the pilot strength in the active set; 4) if the timer does not exceed the timeout parameter value, and measure that the current serving pilot is the strongest pilot again, reset the timer and return to step 2); 5) If the timer exceeds the timeout parameter value, select the carrier frequency of the current strongest pilot as the serving carrier frequency, send a virtual soft handover request to the access network, and execute the virtual soft handover process.
所述超时时间参数值可以设置成固定值；或者超时时间参数是当前最强导频强度与当前服务导频的导频强度差的函数，且导频强度差越大，超时时间参数的值越小。The timeout time parameter value can be set to a fixed value; or the timeout time parameter is a function of the current strongest pilot strength and the pilot strength difference of the current service pilot, and the larger the pilot strength difference is, the higher the value of the timeout time parameter is. Small.
所述步骤1)和步骤2)之间还包括配置协商步骤，接入终端接入网络时进行阈值参数配置协商，如果接入终端不支持阈值参数配置，则接入终端拒绝该配置协商，启动虚拟软切换流程；如果接入终端支持该阈值参数配置，则转至步骤2)。The step 1) and step 2) also includes a configuration negotiation step, when the access terminal accesses the network, threshold parameter configuration negotiation is performed, if the access terminal does not support the threshold parameter configuration, the access terminal rejects the configuration negotiation, and starts Virtual soft handover process; if the access terminal supports the threshold parameter configuration, go to step 2).
所述配置协商步骤具体包括：接入网络向接入终端发送配置请求消息，配置请求消息提供给接入终端可选的超时时间参数值和导频强度差的阈值参数值的属性列表；接入终端向接入网络发送配置应答消息，配置应答消息携带从配置请求消息属性列表中选择所支持的超时时间参数值和导频强度差的阈值参数值或者拒绝该配置请求消息。The configuration negotiation step specifically includes: the access network sends a configuration request message to the access terminal, and the configuration request message provides the access terminal with an optional timeout parameter value and an attribute list of the threshold parameter value of the pilot strength difference; The terminal sends a configuration response message to the access network, and the configuration response message carries the timeout time parameter value and the threshold parameter value of the pilot strength difference selected from the attribute list of the configuration request message or rejects the configuration request message.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法在交叠覆盖区采用一定迟滞量(通过超时时间参数和导频强度差的阈值参数)，使最优导频具有一定稳定性再执行虚拟软切换流程，这样减少乒乓切换情况发生，提高前向数据的吞吐量。The virtual soft handover method of the CDMA data system of the present invention adopts a certain amount of hysteresis (through the timeout time parameter and the threshold parameter of the pilot strength difference) in the overlapping coverage area, so that the optimal pilot has a certain stability and then performs the virtual soft handover This reduces the occurrence of ping-pong switching and improves the throughput of forward data.
此外，本发明可以采用导频强度差的阈值参数值越大，超时时间参数值越短。由于这样当在非交叠覆盖区的正常切换时，会出现一个主导频，其他导频较低，主导频的迅速上升，导致定时器很快超时，执行虚拟软切换流程，避免切换缓慢引起的吞吐量下降。In addition, in the present invention, the larger the threshold parameter value of the pilot strength difference, the shorter the timeout time parameter value. Because of this, during normal handover in non-overlapping coverage areas, there will be a dominant pilot, and the other pilots will be lower. The rapid rise of the dominant pilot will cause the timer to time out quickly, and the virtual soft handover process will be executed to avoid the slow handover caused by Throughput drops.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for virtual soft handover of a code division multiple access data system according to the present invention.
图2是图1中配置协商流程图。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of configuration negotiation in FIG. 1 .
本发明码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法实现原理如下：乒乓切换区域很大程度上是交叠覆盖区，两个或多个导频强度相差很小，导致测量所得导频强度最大的载频号变化迅速，而现有的码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法没有任何迟滞的就更换服务载频，这样，前向请求速率没有多少优化，还导致乒乓切换，使前向数据无法下发。在网络实践中，这种交叠覆盖区的存在是不可避免的，而码分多址技术可以在强干扰环境下工作，即使不是最优小区，也能正常工作。因此，如果在码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法中引入一定的切换迟滞量，可以在一定程度上避免乒乓切换情况的出现，提高AT前向吞吐量。The realization principle of the virtual soft handover method for the CDMA data system of the present invention is as follows: the ping-pong handover area is largely an overlapping coverage area, and the difference between two or more pilot frequency strengths is very small, resulting in the carrier with the largest measured pilot strength. The frequency number changes rapidly, and the existing CDMA data system virtual soft handover method changes the service carrier frequency without any delay. In this way, the forward request rate is not much optimized, and it also leads to ping-pong switching, making the forward data unable to download. hair. In network practice, the existence of such overlapping coverage areas is unavoidable, and CDMA technology can work in a strong interference environment, even if it is not an optimal cell, it can also work normally. Therefore, if a certain amount of handover hysteresis is introduced into the virtual soft handover method of the CDMA data system, the occurrence of ping-pong handover can be avoided to a certain extent, and the AT forward throughput can be improved.
请参照图1所示，这样码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法包括以下步骤：Please refer to shown in Figure 1, such CDMA data system virtual soft handover method comprises the following steps:
1)设置步骤，在AT(接入终端)设置用于虚拟软切换的定时器及超时时间参数Tchange，这些参数也可以都在AN中存储，发送，只需要AT支持此流程即可。1) In the setting step, the timer for virtual soft handover and the timeout parameter Tchange are set on the AT (access terminal). These parameters can also be stored and sent in the AN, and the AT only needs to support this process.
在AN(接入网络)中(例如基站控制器)设置用于表示导频强度差的阈值参数Pchange；In the AN (access network) (for example, a base station controller), a threshold parameter Pchange used to represent a difference in pilot strength is set;
2)配置协商步骤，AT接入网络时进行参数配置协商时，网络侧下发协商结果给AT；如果AT不支持此阈值参数配置，即AT拒绝此次协商，则AT启动虚拟软切换流程(即不具有迟滞量的虚拟软切换方法，如现有技术中虚拟软切换流程即可)；2) Configuration negotiation step, when the AT accesses the network for parameter configuration negotiation, the network side sends the negotiation result to the AT; if the AT does not support the threshold parameter configuration, that is, the AT rejects the negotiation, the AT starts the virtual soft handover process ( That is, a virtual soft handover method without hysteresis, such as the virtual soft handover process in the prior art;
3)支持此阈值参数协商的AT，在激活态连续测量激活集中的每个导频强度，当前最优导频与服务导频均为PN1；3) The AT that supports this threshold parameter negotiation continuously measures the strength of each pilot in the active set in the active state, and the current optimal pilot and the serving pilot are both PN1 ;
4)在时刻N，测量到存在导频强度(例如，导频PN2)与当前服务导频PN1的导频强度差值大于阈值参数Pchange时(即(PN2-PN1)＞Pchange)，启动定时器继续测量；4) At time N, when it is measured that the difference between the existing pilot strength (for example, pilot PN2 ) and the current serving pilot PN1 is greater than the threshold parameter Pchange (that is, (PN2 -PN1 )>Pchange ), start the timer to continue measuring;
5)如果定时器未超时Tchange，且当前服务导频PN1导频强度再次是最优导频时(即当前服务载频PN1的导频强度大于所有其他导频强度)，则定时器复位，返回步骤3)；5) If the timer has not expired Tchange , and the pilot strength of the current serving pilot PN1 is the optimal pilot again (that is, the pilot strength of the current serving carrier PN1 is greater than all other pilot strengths), the timer Reset, return to step 3);
6)如果定时器超时Tchange后，选择当前最强导频的载频为服务载频，向网络侧发送虚拟软切换请求，执行虚拟软切换流程。6) If the timer expires Tchange , select the carrier frequency of the current strongest pilot as the serving carrier frequency, send a virtual soft handover request to the network side, and execute the virtual soft handover process.
由于本发明在虚拟软切换时采用一定的迟滞量，可以减少乒乓切换的情况产生，改善用户的服务质量。Since the present invention adopts a certain amount of hysteresis in the virtual soft handover, the situation of ping-pong handover can be reduced, and the user's service quality can be improved.
超时时间参数Tchange可以是固定值，也可以是导频强度差的函数Tchange＝f(P当前最强-P当前服务)，导频强度差的阈值参数值越大，超时时间参数Tchange值越短。这样当在非交叠覆盖区的正常切换时，由于会出现一个主导频，其他导频较低，主导频的迅速上升，导致定时器很快超时，执行虚拟软切换流程，避免切换缓慢引起的吞吐量下降。The overtime parameter Tchange can be a fixed value, or it can be a function of the pilot strength difference Tchange = f (Pcurrent strongest -Pcurrent service ), the larger the threshold parameter value of the pilot strength difference, the greater the overtime parameter Tchange The shorter the value. In this way, when a normal handover occurs in a non-overlapping coverage area, since there will be a dominant pilot and the other pilots are lower, the rapid rise of the dominant pilot will cause the timer to time out quickly, and the virtual soft handover process will be executed to avoid the delay caused by the slow handover. Throughput drops.
由于不同的无线环境以及设备会对参数要求不同，本实施例中定时器Tchange算法以及阈值Pchange是通过配置协商下发到终端。在AN侧，通过网络规划以及优化得到的结果，配置参数。Since different wireless environments and devices have different requirements on parameters, the timer Tchange algorithm and the threshold Pchange in this embodiment are sent to the terminal through configuration negotiation. On the AN side, configure parameters based on network planning and optimization results.
协议使用配置请求(ConfigurationRequest)消息和配置应答(ConfigurationResponse)消息来协商一个双方都可接受的配置。始发方(接入网络)使用ConfigurationRequest消息提供给应答方每个属性一个可接受属性值列表。应答方(接入终端)用ConfigurationResponse消息为始发方提供每个属性所接受的属性值列表，这些所接受的属性值是从始发方可接受属性值列表中选取的。始发方应以优先级降序的顺序，为每个属性的可接受属性值排序。当始发方所有配置协商完成以后，发送配置完成(ConfigurationComplete)消息。本实施例中在值标识(ValueID)为126、127时，Tchange与Pchange的单位为ms与dB，缺省参数为40ms与1dB。The protocol uses configuration request (ConfigurationRequest) message and configuration response (ConfigurationResponse) message to negotiate a configuration acceptable to both parties. The originator (access network) provides the responder with a list of acceptable attribute values for each attribute using the ConfigurationRequest message. The responder (access terminal) uses the ConfigurationResponse message to provide the initiator with a list of accepted attribute values for each attribute, and these accepted attribute values are selected from the initiator's acceptable attribute value list. The originator shall rank the acceptable attribute values for each attribute in descending order of preference. After all the configuration negotiations of the initiator are completed, a configuration complete (ConfigurationComplete) message is sent. In this embodiment, when the value IDs (ValueID) are 126 and 127, the units of Tchange and Pchange are ms and dB, and the default parameters are 40 ms and 1 dB.
请参照图2所示，配置协商步骤具体包括接入网络向接入终端发送配置请求消息，配置请求消息(例如表1报文格式)提供给接入终端可选的超时时间参数值和导频强度差的阈值参数值的属性列表(参见表2单一属性列表用于单一属性或表3复合属性列表用于属性组)；Please refer to FIG. 2, the configuration negotiation step specifically includes that the access network sends a configuration request message to the access terminal, and the configuration request message (such as the message format in Table 1) provides the access terminal with an optional timeout parameter value and pilot An attribute list of threshold parameter values for intensity differences (see Table 2 for a single attribute list for a single attribute or Table 3 for a composite attribute list for an attribute group);
接入终端向接入网络发送配置应答消息，配置应答消息携带从配置请求消息中属性列表选择所支持的超时时间参数值和导频强度差的阈值参数值或者拒绝该配置请求。The access terminal sends a configuration response message to the access network, and the configuration response message carries the timeout parameter value and the threshold parameter value of the pilot strength difference selected from the attribute list in the configuration request message or rejects the configuration request.
表1报文格式Table 1 message format
表2单一属性列表Table 2 Single attribute list
表3复合属性列表Table 3 Composite attribute list
本发明码分多址数据系统虚拟软切换方法在交叠覆盖区采用一定迟滞量(通过超时时间参数和导频强度差的阈值参数)，使最优导频具有一定稳定性再执行虚拟软切换流程，这样减少乒乓切换情况发生，提高前向数据的吞吐量。The virtual soft handover method of the CDMA data system of the present invention adopts a certain amount of hysteresis (through the timeout time parameter and the threshold parameter of the pilot strength difference) in the overlapping coverage area, so that the optimal pilot has a certain stability and then performs the virtual soft handover This reduces the occurrence of ping-pong switching and improves the throughput of forward data.
此外，本发明可以采用导频强度差的阈值参数值越大，超时时间参数值越短。由于这样当在非交叠覆盖区的正常切换时，会出现一个主导频，其他导频较低，主导频的迅速上升，导致定时器很快超时，执行虚拟软切换流程，避免切换缓慢引起的吞吐量下降In addition, in the present invention, the larger the threshold parameter value of the pilot strength difference, the shorter the timeout time parameter value. Because of this, during normal handover in non-overlapping coverage areas, there will be a dominant pilot, and the other pilots will be lower. The rapid rise of the dominant pilot will cause the timer to time out quickly, and the virtual soft handover process will be executed to avoid the slow handover caused by throughput drop
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| US8848656B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2014-09-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Utilizing broadcast signals to convey restricted association information |
| US8737295B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2014-05-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Sector identification using sector parameters signatures |
| US9603062B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2017-03-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Classifying access points using pilot identifiers |
| US8902867B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2014-12-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Favoring access points in wireless communications |
| US8588773B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2013-11-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | System and method for cell search and selection in a wireless communication system |
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| US20020167921A1 (en)* | 2001-03-22 | 2002-11-14 | Faramak Vakil | Method and apparatus for providing soft hand-off in IP-centric wireless CDMA networks |
| KR20030044634A (en)* | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-09 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Handoff method |
| CN1582586A (en)* | 2001-09-05 | 2005-02-16 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | System and method for a virtual soft handover in a high data rate network based on data transmission information |
- 2005
- 2005-04-01CNCNB2005100630219Apatent/CN100415046C/ennot_activeExpired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020167921A1 (en)* | 2001-03-22 | 2002-11-14 | Faramak Vakil | Method and apparatus for providing soft hand-off in IP-centric wireless CDMA networks |
| CN1582586A (en)* | 2001-09-05 | 2005-02-16 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | System and method for a virtual soft handover in a high data rate network based on data transmission information |
| KR20030044634A (en)* | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-09 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Handoff method |
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| CN1842210A (en) | 2006-10-04 |
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