Summary of the invention
Technical matters of the prior art to be solved by this invention is: because in the prior art, the most DC chopped-wave type of drive that adopt of the electric driving of city trackless or tramway train, the employing mechanical hatching gate stops, can't realize the regeneration feed-back type electric braking, energy consumption and maintenance capacity are big, simultaneously city trackless or tramway train are subjected to the restriction of built on stilts gauze power supply, and alerting ability, manoevreability are poor, and built on stilts power supply gauze has increased the visual pollution of city space again.
The present invention provides a kind of super capacitor energy frequency conversion drive electric control system that is used for electric car for the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical matters adopted that solves in the prior art, the described this super capacitor energy frequency conversion drive electric control system that is used for electric car is made of low pressure headstock control part and high-pressure system control part, wherein, described low pressure headstock control part is made of vehicle screen controller etc., described vehicle screen controller is by optical fiber coupling component and the total wire joint of CAN, described high-pressure system control part is made of system controller and Frequency Drive Control device etc., described system controller and the total wire joint of described CAN, be connected with the Frequency Drive Control device simultaneously on the described CAN bus, described Frequency Drive Control device is connected with the ac variable frequency speed regulation motor, described Frequency Drive Control device is connected with ultracapacitor by first contactless switch, described ultracapacitor is connected with onboard charger, described onboard charger is connected with the operate outside power supply, and described Frequency Drive Control device also can be connected with the operate outside power supply by second contactless switch.
Further, the foot-operated traction master of electric car makes signal, pedal brake is main to make signal and running state master make signal send into described vehicle screen controller, and setting value and control command are sent to described system controller by described optical fiber coupling component and described CAN bus, described system controller carries out according to the signal of input that logic state is differentiated and by described CAN bus and the communication of described Frequency Drive Control device, described Frequency Drive Control device is controlled the operation of the mode of operation and the vehicle of described ac variable frequency speed regulation motor, and the running state of described Frequency Drive Control device and described ac variable frequency speed regulation machine operation and actual value data are sent to described vehicle screen controller by described CAN bus by described system controller.
Further, described ultracapacitor stores direct current energy, the direct current energy that stores in the described ultracapacitor offers the ac variable frequency speed regulation motor by described Frequency Drive Control device with the alternating current form, and described Frequency Drive Control device drives the electric car operation with the torque mode.
Further, during with the regeneration feed-back type electric braking, the kinetic energy of vehicle is converted into direct current energy by described Frequency Drive Control device described ultracapacitor is charged.
Further, described vehicle screen controller is connected with the monitoring read-out.Read-out shows running state and data.
Further, described Frequency Drive Control device can adopt outside built on stilts gauze working power and ultracapacitor dual power supply to select the power supply mode of switching automatically.Concrete, handoff procedure is realized by the change action of described first contactless switch and described second contactless switch.The direct supply that also can adopt interval quick charge station, not having under the built on stilts gauze condition, drives with the independent power supply mode of ultracapacitor to ultracapacitor fast charge stored electric energy then by onboard charger.
Further, the operating voltage of described low pressure headstock control part is 24 volts of vdcs.
Further, described vehicle screen controller and system controller are made of the DSP microprocessor respectively.
Working process of the present invention is as described below: the foot-operated traction master of electric car makes signal, pedal brake is main to make signal and running state master make signal send into described vehicle screen controller, and setting value and control command are sent to described system controller by described optical fiber coupling component and described CAN bus, described system controller carries out according to the signal of input that logic state is differentiated and by described CAN bus and the communication of described Frequency Drive Control device, control the operation of the mode of operation and the vehicle of described ac variable frequency speed regulation motor, the running state of described Frequency Drive Control device and described ac variable frequency speed regulation machine operation and actual value data are sent to described vehicle screen controller by described CAN bus by described system controller, and through on the running state of Chinese interface and data monitoring read-out, showing behind the data handing, the read-out key frame has multiple functional picture, can show voltage and electric current that ultracapacitor is real-time, voltage that variable-frequency motor is real-time and electric current, the speed of a motor vehicle, accumulative mileage, energy consumption, fault, travel condition of vehicle, ultracapacitor fills, discharge energy and feedback braking energy etc.
Frequency Drive Control device described in the present invention, ultracapacitor, onboard charger, ac variable frequency speed regulation motor, monitoring read-out and contactless switch and CAN bus are the electric utility known technology, do not repeat them here.
The present invention and prior art contrast, and its effect is actively with tangible.Concrete advantage of the present invention is as described below:
The present invention adopts the vector control frequency control system of digital torque control, make vehicle screen controller and system controller with the DSP microprocessor, the high and low pressure equipment room adopts the fiber buss communication mode, system line is simple for structure, a large amount of control lines and connection terminal have been reduced, greatly improve the electric car reliability of operation, and realize safe and reliable electricity isolation.
The present invention converts the direct current energy that is stored in the ultracapacitor alternating current of certain frequency to by frequency-conversion drive apparatus, and power supply is given alternating-current motor/AC motor and driven the electric car operation with the torque mode.With the regeneration feed-back type electric braking time, the kinetic energy of vehicle is converted into direct current energy to the ultracapacitor accumulation of energy of charging by frequency-conversion drive apparatus again, has the good energy-conservation power savings, and the electric energy percent recovery is about 10%-30%.
The vehicle screen controller that microprocessor is realized and system controller have logic functions such as the automatic selection of operation operation and co-operative control, and have the processing of operating data and the abstraction function of classifying.
Vehicle control system is easy and simple to handle, directly perceived, and traction pedal master makes signal be equivalent to the throttle of automobile, is convenient to the operation operation of vehicle launch and acceleration.Improved the degree of stability of starting moment of accelerating and vehicle operating, the actv. electric braking is no matter on the level land or can to make the electric car braking deceleration under no mechanical brake condition be zero to speed on the slope.
Control system has special function control, can guarantee that electric car does not have the main order input of traction under the zero position protection condition, guarantees the safety of the equipment and the person, comprises the main zero-bit that makes of traction, main contactor zero-bit and the zero position protection during through the air wire electric switch.And brake-power control function when having automatic discrimination function, the zero-speed on level land/slope, guarantee that the level land reduces lock torque and electric car is steadily stopped and guarantees that at the slope glancing impact electric car keeps maximum braking moment when braking zero, make the electric car on the slope need not mechanical brake and electric braking stops.Even when the zero-speed of level land, depress the electric braking pedal in addition, also guarantee no electric braking moment, add electric braking again when preventing the level land zero-speed and the phenomenon of parking again after causing vehicle to flow backwards.
Has the electric power system that ultracapacitor and built on stilts gauze two covers automatically switch and control, improved the manoevreability of vehicle operating, also can break away from built on stilts gauze fully, the direct supply that adopts interval quick charge station by onboard charger to ultracapacitor fast charge stored electric energy, then with the ultracapacitor driving electric car of powering separately, eliminate the aerial visual pollution of built on stilts gauze, can satisfy view zone construction of environmental protection requirement in the new round urban construction.
This control system can also select configuration that following option content is provided:
Contactless brushing card device and management data software package are used to strengthen intelligent centralized management function.
Global positioning system (GPS) and telecommunication technology are used (GPRS), are used for the centralized management scheduling feature of raising system operation.
Internet network management system software, the vehicle that all are come into operation carries out real-time Transmission monitoring in the Web mode to its operational factor by the Internet net.Simultaneously, the form of history run parameter with curve, chart can be shown.
Purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage will be elaborated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by embodiment.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of super capacitor energy frequency conversion drive electric control system that is used for electric car of the present invention, constitute by low pressure headstock control part and high-pressure system control part, wherein, described low pressure headstock control part is a main control unit with vehicle screen controller 1, described high-pressure system control part is a main control unit withsystem controller 2, the CANbus 20 mutual communications that described vehicle screen controller 1 links to each other with describedsystem controller 2 by opticalfiber coupling component 10, the foot-operated traction master of electric car makes signal, pedal brake is main to make signal and running state master make signal send into described vehicle screen controller 1, and setting value and control command are sent to describedsystem controller 2 by described opticalfiber coupling component 10 and described CANbus 20, describedsystem controller 2 carries out according to the signal of input that logic state is differentiated and by described CANbus 20 and 3 communications of Frequency Drive Control device, the mode of operation of control ac variable frequency speed regulation motor 4 and the operation of vehicle, the running state and the actual value data of described FrequencyDrive Control device 3 and 4 work of described ac variable frequency speed regulation motor are sent to described vehicle screen controller 1 by described CANbus 20 by describedsystem controller 2, and through on the running state of Chinese interface and data monitoring read-out 5, showing behind the data handing, the read-out key frame has multiple functional picture, can show voltage and electric current thatultracapacitor 6 is real-time, voltage and electric current that frequency control motor 4 is real-time, the speed of a motor vehicle, accumulative mileage, energy consumption, fault, travel condition of vehicle,ultracapacitor 6 fills, discharge energy and feedback braking energy etc.
Operation characteristic of the present invention be adopt interval quick charge station direct supply by describedonboard charger 7 to describedultracapacitor 6 fast charge stored electric energies, do not having under the built on stilts gauze condition then, convert the alternating current of certain frequency to by described FrequencyDrive Control device 3 with the direct current energy of describedultracapacitor 6 storages, give 4 power supplies of ac variable frequency speed regulation motor and drive the electric car operation with the torque mode, with the regeneration feed-back type electric braking time, the kinetic energy of vehicle is converted into direct current energy tosuper container 6 charging accumulation of energys by described FrequencyDrive Control device 3 again.Described FrequencyDrive Control device 3 also can adopt outside built on stilts gauze working power andultracapacitor 6 dual power supplies to select the power supply mode of switching automatically, concrete, handoff procedure is that the switching by described firstcontactless switch 30 and described secondcontactless switch 40 realizes.
The Frequency Drive Control device adopts the vector controlled inverter of standard, constitutes the PWM vector control mode operation of torque control, the functional block diagram of moment controlling system as shown in Figure 2, traction is main to make signal pass through behind the reversing/ahead running finder as the given amplitude limit value T of torqueLim*Send into the Frequency Drive Control device, make alternating-current variable frequency motor AM produce corresponding electromagnetic torque T thusEM, electromagnetic torque TEMLoad torque T with vehicleLDifference be dynamic acceleration torque TDA(TEM-TL=TDA), while TLim*Also determined the speed setting value n of system*, TLim*Less than 0 o'clock, n*For the given maxim of forward direction speed, work as TLim*N then greater than zero time*Be the given maxim of inverted speed, (T when the main order of traction is zeroLim*=0) n then*=0.Dynamic acceleration torque TDAMotor is quickened, equal maximum given speed up to speed.Has only electromagnetic torque T when motorEMEqual the load torque T of vehicleLThe time, motor is the stable speed operation, and therefore traction is main makes the throttle of the sizableness of signal in automobile, can conveniently control torque and the starting of vehicle and the operation operation of acceleration of motor.N in the moment controlling system*With by the actual speed n that obtains with the coaxial impulse deviser PG of alternating current dynamo AMActDifference send into the n regulating control and constitute the not busy ring of speed.Torque settings value T by the output of torque amplitude limit link*, after conversion as the setting value I of current torque componentT*, IM*Be the setting value of current flux component, IT*And IM*The current actual value I that obtains with motor model by transform vectorTacT and IMact, pass through ITRegulating control and IMRegulating control constitutes current closed-loop.ITRegulating control and IMThe output of regulating control obtains voltage setting value U after coordinate transform*And phase angle [alpha], U*Through UdObtain the controlling valu U of motor stator voltage behind the correction linkSTIn addition by the rotor frequency f of impulse deviser PG output2The slip-frequency fs that exports with the motor model of transform vector constitutes the slip closed loop, obtains stator frequency f (f=f2+ fs).UST, α, f make 6 IGBT major components of inverter take turns conduction work after PWM drives flip flop equipment, the alternating current of output certain frequency makes alternating current dynamo by torque control requirement frequency control operation.
After making signal by reversing/ahead running finder, same braking master make motor produce the plugging torque, can be zero with car retardation to speed effectively, in the electric braking process, can change the kinetic energy of vehicle into electric energy, to ultracapacitor feedback charging, remarkable energy saving effect is arranged.
Super capacitor energy frequency conversion drive electric car electric control system can adopt built on stilts gauze and ultracapacitor dual power supply to select automatically to switch power supply, also can make somebody a mere figurehead gauze and adopt the independent powered operation of ultracapacitor.
The maximum electromagnetic torque of motor and maximum braking torque can reach 200% torque rating in this system.
Control system of the present invention has parameter and debates good debugging, operation means such as knowledge, automatic fault diagnosis, parameter automatic optimal automatically; and have perfect emergency protection measure (overvoltage, under-voltage, hypervelocity, overcurrent, overload, communication failure etc.), guarantee the electric car reliability service.
The present invention is applicable to various elec. vehicles such as city trolley bus, tramway train, electrocar, electric truck and electri forklift etc.