CN100372215C - Suspending, guiding and propelling vehicles using magnetic forces - Google Patents

Abstract

Magnetic levitation methods and apparatus use arrays of vehicle magnets to provide three forces: suspension, guidance and propulsion. The magnets, which can be permanent magnets or superconducting magnets operating in the persistent current mode, have associated control coils that allow the magnets to provide a controllable attractive force to a laminated steel rail. The control coils adjust the gap between the magnets and the rails so as to be in stable equilibrium without requiring significant power dissipation in the control coils. These same magnets and steel rails also provide lateral guidance to keep the vehicle on the track and steer the vehicle on turns. The suspension control coils can provide lateral damping by means of offset magnets in the suspension arrays. Windings in transverse slots in the steel rails are excited with currents that react against the field produced by the vehicle magnets to create vehicle propulsion.

Description

Use suspension, guiding and the propelled vehicles of magnetic force

Technical field

Do not have

Background technology

The application's case advocates that on October 1st, 2002, the exercise question of application was the priority right of the 60/415th, No. 013 U.S. Provisional Application case of " Suspending, Guiding andPropelling Vehicles Using Magnetic Forces ".The application's case is that the exercise question of on October 1st, 2002 application is the part of the 10/262nd, No. 541 U. S. application case of " the SynchronousMachine Design and Manufacturing " application case that continues.The teaching of aforementioned application is incorporated herein with way of reference.

The present invention relates to magnetic suspension (" maglev ") transportation system and method, and relate in particular to use magnetic force and suspend, the transportation system and the method for guiding and propelled vehicles.

Magnetic force suspends to using, guiding and propelled vehicles have been made extensive studies, and has set up the demonstration model machine of some actual sizes.Although proved the advantage that exists such as fast, comfortable, quiet and effective operation,, recognized that magnetic suspension is expensive and operation that mainly be applicable to hypervelocity.Ability by proposed design limits city should be used for effectively and conventional guidance system competition such as high-speed transit, light rail, single track railway, computer track and express delivery bus main road in using.

In fact, be used for all magnetic suspension designs of transport applications through serious the consideration, it is characterized by electrodynamic suspension (EDS) or electromagnetic suspension (EMS).The EDS design is used by the sympathetic power that produces of induced current with the magnetic field of the continuous variation that produces described electric current, and the EMS design is used magnetic pull to ferromagnetic structure.EDS and EMS design is all set up and is arrived after tested known its speed above 150m/s (336mph, 540km/h) feasible.

Every kind of design all has certain advantage and drawback.Can adopt the advantage of moving than the bigger magnetic gap of EMS although EDS has it, it has the basic drawback that produces high towing property and magnetcisuspension power is not provided when low speed simultaneously when being stopped.On the other hand, although EMS has the advantage that can move capitally when low speed, it has magnetic gap simultaneously must be less than the drawback in the gap that is useful for the EDS design.

Japan's high speed test track has been showed and can be reached the EDS system with 100mm gap at least speed and German high-speed transit (Transrapid) the EMS test track of 150m/s (353mph) have confirmed that the gap with 10mm is reliable in the speed operation of 125m/s (280mph).For urban applications, show EMS and have a main advantage, and if can increase magnetic gap, then for both, will show EMS and have main advantage for low speed and high speed design.

Be present in the considerable prior art that is disclosed in the existing patent and look back them and the instruction meaning is arranged so that understand the improvement how invention that this place discloses to reach unlike the prior art on prior art.

The 3rd, 638, No. 093 patent (Magnetic suspension and propulsion system; JamesRoss, Japanese publication, January 25,1972) be to suspend and the early stage example that advances the design of making up.This patent is reference some important old patent in 1889 also.Described design need be delivered to power on the vehicle so that advance it, and because it does not use permanent magnet, needs substantial power so suspend.

The 3rd, 842, No. 751 patents (Transportation system employing anelectromagnetically suspended, guided and propelled vehicle; Inventor: RichardThornton, Henry Kolm; Published on October 22nd, 1974) show how to use the superconduction of single group or permanent magnet suspends, guiding and propelled vehicles, but it is based on the EDS technology, thereby do not have the needs of controlling another unsettled suspension.This design needs to be used for the wheel of low cruise and because higher low speed towing property is not applicable to low cruise so this designs not goodly.

The 3rd, 860, No. 300 patent (Virtually zero powered magnetic suspension; Inventor: Joseph Lyman; Japan published on January 14th, 1975) be illustrated in and how use permanent magnet in the suspension system, but described magnetic carrying and permanent magnet and the complete independent structures of electromagnet needs of being designed for.The problem of it and unresolved guiding or propelling.

The 3rd, 937, No. 148 patent (Virtually zeros power linear magnetic bearing; Inventor: Paul A.Simpson; Published on February 10th, 1976) show that No. 300 patent is used for transport applications how with the 3rd, 860, but need electromagnet independently and and the problem of unresolved guiding and propelling.

The 4th, 088, No. 379 patent (Variable permanent magnet suspension system; Inventor: Lloyd Perper; Published on May 9th, 1978) build in the 3rd, 860, No. 300 patents inwardly, but it also can not directly apply in the magnetic suspension of using EMS.

The 5th, 722, No. 326 patent (Magnetic Levitation system for moving objects; Inventor: Richard Post; On March 3rd, 1998 published) be patent 3,842,751 variant, it uses Halbach (Haier Bake) array of permanent magnets.Its at EDS and not teaching in EMS design, how to use permanent magnet.

The 6th, 860, No. 300 patent (Virtually zero powered magnetic suspension; Inventor: Joseph Lyman; On January 14th, 1975) how teaching can permanent magnet be provided provide magnetic suspension, but the design that is disclosed needs independently electromagnet and is difficult to be applied in the transport applications.

Special the 3rd, 937, No. 148 profits (Virtually zero power linear magnetic bearing; Inventor: Paul A.Simpson; On February 10th, 1976 published) show how aforementioned patent can be used for transport applications, but need independently electromagnet and and unresolved guiding and propelling problem.

Patent as described above has been indicated the importance of the patent target of this place announcement, but described patent has been omitted important composition.

It seems that from aforesaid viewpoint the target of the present invention is for being provided for the method and apparatus of improvement of magnetic suspension (" maglev "), and especially magnetic force suspends in order to use, the method and apparatus of guiding and/or propelled vehicles.

Another target is for providing this kind method and apparatus, and it causes the vehicle weight that reduces so that can reduce guide rail, suspension and propelling cost.

Another target is for providing this kind method and apparatus, and it can adopt short time interval and move at a high speed so that reduce stand-by period and traveling time.

A relevant target is for providing the method and apparatus that can be set up economically.

Summary of the invention

Preamble is described in by the target that the present invention obtained, the present invention provides magnetic levitation system in some aspects, and described magnetic levitation system adopts single magnetic texure or adopts a plurality of magnetic texures that vertical suspending power, laterally steering power and vertical propulsive force is provided at required place.In one aspect of the invention, magnetic texure comprises that one provides the magnet of suspension.According to a preferred practice of the present invention, described magnetic texure can be permanent magnet.The coil control of twining near described magnet (perhaps being placed near the magnet) suspends (for example) so that it is stable on all directions that need.

According to related fields of the present invention, excite aforementioned coil (for example) so that make the weight of vehicle equal the attraction of magnet by the electric current of controlling magnetic gap.For example can produce the active attenuation that described Control current provides lifting, jolts, goes off course, rolls and/or waves by feedback control system.

In aspect other, magnetic levitation system as described above applies Control current so that produce any disturbance that will cause that the magnet gap changes from ideal value of opposing.

Others of the present invention provide magnetic levitation system as described above, and wherein magnet is staggered.It allows to use identical control coil that the ACTIVE CONTROL of transverse movement is provided.

Others of the present invention provide magnetic levitation system as described above, and it is furnished with the gap of the gap twice (or bigger) that equals to be useful for prior art systems.

Others of the present invention provide magnetic levitation system as described above, wherein replace aforesaid permanent magnet (or except that aforesaid permanent magnet) and the use superconducting magnet.In related fields of the present invention, described superconducting magnet can persistent mode operation and do not need to control described supercurrent.

Others of the present invention provide the vehicle of utilization magnetic levitation system as described above.For example, these vehicles other mobile device of can be people conveyor, luggage delivery vehicle or moving with the short time interval.

System and a method according to the invention has superiority in many aspects.Wherein, in described advantage, one for they provide higher acceleration, even thereby when frequent parking and the high speed of service still may be steadily when need regulate break turn than jogging speed the time time.

Others of the present invention are provided for moving people conveyor, the luggage delivery vehicle reaches and other magnetic levitation system of function parallelization as described above.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 describes the cross section according to magnetic suspended guide of the present invention and suspension system, and wherein the magnet module that provides through suspension, guiding and the propelling of combination is provided each side of vehicle;

The segment magnet module of the intermediate cross-section of Fig. 2 adepiction 1 system and the end view of structure;

The tail end section of Fig. 2b depiction 1 system, its balancing flux amount also alleviates a power;

Fig. 3 is depicted under the situation in 80mm broad gauge road, suspending power, guiding force and the propulsive force of the 1-wavelength segment of the magnet case (magnetpod) shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b;

Fig. 4 shows the short stator part that has the stator laminate patch that advances winding according to the present invention for (a), and (b) has may command magnet and have equilibrium flux and minimize Dun Li and the vehicle magnets case of the special terminal magnet of pitch force three-dimensional graphic in the centre;

Fig. 5 is the calcspar according to suspension control system of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the calcspar according to linear synchronous motor of the present invention (LSM) control system;

Fig. 7 describes to have according to the present invention the vehicle of four casees, and it pivots on two dimension so that allow coordination level and vertical turn;

Fig. 8 shows how all those magnet casees as shown in Figure 7 append on the vehicle according to the invention.Described figure shows that also it is with respect to the vibration of vehicle attenuation box according to optional mechanical mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is illustrated in according to how magnet being offset with respect to suspension railway so that allow suspension control system decay swaying in the system of the present invention.

Figure 10 describes according to system of the present invention, and wherein permanent magnet is replaced by superconducting magnet.

Embodiment

Can use a magnet arrangement suspension to be provided, to advance and guiding according to system of the present invention.In one embodiment, suspension can lift the weight of about ten times of magnet arrangement weight and all-in-one-piece propulsion system can 90% or bigger average efficiency operation.Use the transportation system of this suspension, propelling and guiding can have lighter vehicle, consume energy still less and still have the advantage of known magnetic suspension design, for example, the noise of minimizing, higher maximum speed, higher acceleration and lack the maintenance that is associated with system based on wheel.

Size Selection

Fig. 1 is illustrated in the cross section that suspends and design according to the baseline in the system of the present invention (baseline).Describedvehicle 11 is supported by astring magnet 16 on each side, and these magnet produce attraction to the laminate patch rail on theguide rail 24 12.And Fig. 1 has also showncontrol coil 18 and the height of theboxlike beam column 20 adjusted according to the interval span.Consider some factors and select the size shown in Fig. 1, for example,

The width of vehicle should be adapted on the scope of 2.0 to 3.2 meters (6.6 to 10.5 feet) at least so that adapt to various application.This scope comprises the width of covered truck, bus and train, its have the best be used for more speed and more high power capacity bigger width and have the best and be used for the lower speed and the narrower width of low capacity more.

It is fixed and be about 0.9 ton of every meter length (0.9Mg or 20001bs) that the weight of desired levitation train is looked load on the market.Show among the embodiment said, suppose that the magnet case extends most vehicle length, then each case is supported about 0.5 ton for every meter.In addition, in the embodiment shown, it can reach (although can use the magnet of other type, the gap and the track of other size, and the track of other material) by using the permanent magnet with the magnetic gap that is about 20mm that obtains easily and being about the wide rail of 80mm.

Preferably, provide the same magnet of lifting also should provide guiding.For example, under the worst condition of turning and strong wind, laterally steering power requires to arrive 0.4g greatly.The inventor recognizes, if the rail on the guide rail is about 4 times wide of specified magnetic gap, then can reach afore-mentioned.This is consistent with the wide track of (for example) 20mm magnetic gap of above being discussed and 80mm.

Selecting the centre of rail in the specification is 1700mm to midfeather, and it is less times greater than conventional railway, for the 1435mm that is spaced apart between the internal edge of conventional railway track.

The size of other embodiment can be different, as suitably in its application.For example, for low speed group transports (GRT) application fast, the track specification that suitable use is narrower, and for hypervelocity or heavy load, expectation uses every meter guide rail to have the wideer rail of high load capacity.

The selection of pole pitch (pitch) and magnet size

The suspension end view of explodedview 1 among Fig. 2 a.Fig. 2 a has described themagnet array 20 of the mid portion that is used to support case.It has indicatedstator 22, andsteel laminate patch 12,22 and three-phase advance winding 14.It has also indicated thevehicle 11 onmagnet 16,Suspension Control coil 18 and the aluminium supporting frame 26.Magnetic field with the interval that is called wavelength come repetition himself.The optimum value of wavelength can be according to for the requirement of vehicle dimension, speed, weight and acceleration and change on relative broad range.For the size shown in Fig. 1, preferable being chosen as makes wavelength equal about 0.5 meter (although also can use other size).This causes being approximately square and the given propulsion coil that receives the less propelling winding inductance in ground on cross section.With the car speed of 0.5 metric wave length and 45m/s (101mph), linear synchronous motor (LSM) stimulating frequency is 90Hz.Have more long wavelength's embodiment can adopt more back iron and use it for vehicle magnets (it can increase guide rail cost and vehicle weight) in stator track.Having more, short wavelength's embodiment can have higher stimulating frequency (it can increase the problem of vortex flow loss and winding inductance).

Fig. 3 is for the figure such as system as described above, the lateral displacement function that it will advance and guiding force is depicted 1-wavelength (0.5 meter) fragment that is used for vehicle magnets as and is used for the 80mm track width.This figure makes the 3D finite element analysis of apparatus periodic boundary condition and is that the magnet with 40 mega gaussorersteds (MGO) energy output produces.As shown in curve chart, 20mm vertical displacement and zero level displacement are adopted in normal operation, and then, suspending power is every wavelength 2,700N.Then, suspension will be supported the quality of 550kg on every meter magnet case length.The size and the magnet of position that has is as shown in Figure 2 amounted to, and two halfbody magnet on the case end will produce the lifting force of other 630N.Subsequently, four casees that all have 3 meters length will lift 6,700kg, promptly common Approximation Quality of loading (anticipate promptly, 75% seat occupies), the vehicle of mini bus size.

In the illustrated embodiment, such as in the patent application case below discussion decide stator dimensions: as described in the patent application case exercise question for " Synchronous Machine Design andManufacturing ", its with in October 1 calendar year 2001 application, advocate the 60/326th, the application case of the priority right of No. 278 application cases of the same name is being applied on the same day, two application cases all are presented to its assignee, and its teaching all is incorporated herein by reference.

Advance winding for minimizing inductance and oversimplifying, the slot for winding in the stator has the vertical plane that no any magnetic pole tip (pole tip) extends.For minimizing time power, can such as in the application case that is incorporated herein by reference discussion come the longitudinal length of select magnet.For example, adopt three grooves of every wavelength, if groove width equals the facewidth, the every wavelength of magnet length that then minimizes a power is half 0.45 or 0.77 times of wavelength.For the 500mm wavelength, best magnet length is about 112mm or 186mm.These two selections will cause a few power, and wherein, short magnet only provides 70% suspending power (therefore, the normally preferable selection of magnet of length).For minimizing the power owing to edge effect (depending on track width), the magnet length of 186mm is the above preferable selection of size.

Groove width can change on width range, but by making groove width equal the facewidth, can not produce any waste material ground structure stator laminate patch.In certain embodiments, expectation change associated winding well width reaches desired effect; Use different magnet length to minimize a power, this has also just become necessary means.

The height of select magnet (anticipating promptly thickness) is that the magnet height is 25mm greater than air gap about 25% or when the gap is 20mm.Higher magnet will provide bigger attraction and propulsive force, but must use more ampere-turn and use the magnet weight that increases in control coil.Littler value is attraction and decay propulsive force still less.Select 25% to the approaching optimum of some application.

The control coil height need be greater than the magnet height so that reduce to acceptable level with the anti-power loss in the winding in start-up course.This can reach by magnet is placed on the pedestal.For some application, the control coil height of 40mm is for gaining in weight in addition and the other preferable half-way house that produces between the power consumption.

Magnet types and configuration

Adopt present technique, as the preferable neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) that is chosen as of ferromagnetic material.When in rank, selecting, preferably, under the possible operating temperature of maximum, estimate ceiling capacity output and the required coercive force of demagnetization.Illustrated embodiment uses a kind of material, and under 50 ℃ temperature, it has 40 mega gaussorersted energy output capacities and has the not constraint of demagnetization substantially of material when magnetic flux is driven into 0.Also can use the NdFeB magnet with the energy output that surpasses 40 mega gaussorersteds,, adopt current available material, they tend to easier demagnetization.In selecting the material of some embodiments of the present invention, target is to guarantee when Control current reduces to magnetic flux when the gap is minimum value the required level that increases the gap the enough little demagnetization of any part and parcel existence of magnet.Can will be used for other embodiment such as the different magnet configuration of Halbach array, but this not substantially influence design.

Terminal magnet

In system according to the present invention, the vehicle magnets array only is the length of several wavelength usually.When judging terminal magnet array, preferable consideration is content hereinafter.

1. the preferable termination of magnet is similar to its stator flux does that should be when the vehicle array is extremely long from the magnetic flux of the periodic portions of array so that described magnet produces the utmost point.

2. if cyclic array does not cause any power, then terminal magnet will preferably not cause a power.

3. terminal magnet does not preferably produce excessive pitch force on array.

In certain embodiments, the configuration below this has caused, wherein

1. the approximate magnet with rule of magnet is the same long, but it highly reduces.Select its size and placement so as from half of the magnetic flux of adjacent magnet along on each longitudinal direction.

2. select the length and the interval of terminal magnet, thereby do not have a power.

3. the magnet with even number is used for cyclic array and uses careful size of calculating of warp and placement so that there is not the minimum pitch force that is produced by terminal magnet.

Relative dimensions shown in Fig. 2 b is selected according to this standard.Show among Fig. 4 and have four magnet casees that are integral magnet and two terminal magnet.

Fig. 2 b has described themagnet array 30 of the end that is used to supportcase.Terminal magnet 32 is not satisfactory height and does not have control coil.The height that reduces hour has reduced attraction and this has reduced desired peak current in the control coil when the magnet gap.In certain embodiments, control coil is placed around terminal magnet.If magnet array is extremely short, or if need higher suspending power, then the design of one of terminal magnet can be different fully, and this paper has been contemplated to this point.

Suspension Control

In system according to the present invention, twine the Current Control vertical suspension power of the continuous variation of suspension magnet in the coil.Two targets of control are:

1. convert unstable equilibrium point to stable equilibrium point.

2. magnetic gap is adjusted on the minimized value of the power consumption in the control coil.

Usually the control system that will finish these tasks is construed as two independently feedback control loops.Use the quick loop of gap and acceleration transducer that stability is provided, and use the slower loop of current sensor to minimize Control current.

Because static electromagnetic iron system at least one degree of freedom for unstable in essence, so use stabilisation.Design described herein is unstable in vertical direction, but stable on other the direction at all.Typically in service, if adopt rated load gap design is become 20mm, when the length of then selecting case made by the small amount of current in the control coil (if existence) that suspension magnet power is approximate mates with load forces with box lunch, 20mm was a balance point.If load increases, then the quick response part of control system applies the load that Control current is kept out to be increased immediately, and then, as time passes, the zero energy control loop causes levitation gap to reduce so that only needing a small amount of Control current (if existence) near the balance place.Typical vehicle can have the load that changes approximate ± 20% rated value.Thereby this will hint (referring to Fig. 3), and adopting needs more closely spaced more heavy load, and magnetic gap will change ± the 3mm rated value.

Fig. 5 is the simplification calcspar that is used for according to the control system of typical case of the present invention.Case can have the control coil (being appointed as n herein) of any number, its each be subjected to the control of a H bridge, described H bridge is subjected to the control of digital signal processor (DSP) successively.Gap and acceleration transducer at each case end provide the required transducer input of keeping a stable gap.In fact, can there be a more than processor so that under the situation of control system failure, there be superfluous (redundancy).

LSM and control thereof

The linear synchronous motor of illustrated embodiment (LSM) is based on the interior method (prior art or other) that perhaps can use other through design described in the aforementioned application case that is incorporated herein by reference (USSN 60/326,278 and itself and its succession case of the same name of applying on the same day).Preferably, select LSM and the design that suspends, so that exist the cross force of capacity to eliminate needs for the extra magnetic structure that guiding is provided.If the gap is less, then this may must split into two or more with suspension railway each all provides the part of guiding, for example, and in the mode of Japanese HSST magnetic suspension system.LSM can be driven the control of the microprocessor of the heterogeneous inverter as shown in the control system calcspar among Fig. 6.

As the 6th, 011, No. 508 United States Patent (USP)s, reach the location sensing among the illustrated embodiment described in " Accurate Position Sensing andCommunications for Guideway Operated Vehicles ", the teaching of described patent is incorporated herein by reference; Also can use other mechanism's (in present technique known or other).Position sensing is incorporated among the LSM and this will control the switching of inverter.When desired thrust is low, be preferably the operation inverter so that make electric current and motor counter voltage homophase, and current symbol judges whether motor is just providing the thrust that still falls back forward.Inphase operation is minimized in the power consumption in the LSM winding.

Typical case for illustrated system uses, and the inductance of LSM greatly and when thrust was big, LSM control must be adjusted the phase angle between motor counter voltage and the electric current so that obtain having the desired thrust and the speed of minimal power consumption amount in winding.In this case, electric current and counter voltage not homophase and control more complicated.Because rotary electromotor often has little air gap and excites the field magnet of all windings, so this situation is uncommon in rotary electromotor, therefore every unit inductance is different big.

Fig. 7 describes to have according to the present invention thevehicle 70 of four casees, and it pivots on two dimension so that allow coordination level and vertical turn.

Fig. 8 shows how all those magnet casees as shown in Figure 7 append on the vehicle according to the invention 80.Fig. 8 has also showedstator laminate patch 12,stator coil 40,permanent magnet 16,Suspension Control coil 18 andvehicle laminate patch 22.

The cross force decay

Fig. 1,2a and 2b have produced enough cross forces and have allowed coordinate turn and opposing crosswind force.For the decay of that cross force is provided, magnet is offset as shown in Figure 9 in pairs, and Fig. 9 is the top view according to the short magnet case of the magnet 91 with 4 complete length of the present invention and 91 and 2 terminal magnet 93.

The skew that only produces less decay on vertical suspension power can be used to produce the cross force of essence.For example, if control coil increases the power of coil (and magnet) skew in one direction and reduces the power that coil (and magnet) is offset in the opposite direction, then can there be clean cross force and not change on vertical force.By using transducer to detect the transverse movement of magnet with respect to track, these electric currents of may command are so that attenuated oscillation.Control is not desired laterally steering power is provided, and the vibration that only decays and be associated with transverse movement resonance.

When magnet being installed on the case and some casees are used for support unit, can use the decay amplitude of some type of motion of cross force.For example, wave and be the motion of the side of vehicle, and roll and move around the rotation of its longitudinal axis rolling for vehicle to side.These two patterns combine, because anyly generation is waved and rolled both by the cross force that suspension magnet applied below vehicle.Wave and roll by controlling vertical and horizontal magnetic force, can decaying.

Driftage is moved and this can be by being decayed on the case that cross force is applied to the front around the rotation of its vertical axis for vehicle, and described cross force is in the direction opposite with cross force on the case that is applied to the back.These cross forces that are applied to below the vehicle can produce a small amount of rolling that must be attenuated as described above.

In many cases, the also machinery decay of the one or more degrees of freedom of expectation increase.Yet, for idling slow speed system, can eliminate all or most of machinery decay and only use magnetic force to be used for control.

The purposes of superconducting magnet

In according to one embodiment of present invention, can be except that permanent magnet or replace permanent magnet and use superconducting magnet.For example, this can stablize the gap or describe the external control coil that is used for permanent magnet suspension situation and finish by move superconducting coil and use with the persistent current pattern by the electric current of control in the superconducting coil.Back one method has following advantage: superconducting magnet can very be simplified.

The preferred methods of using superconducting magnet is for replacing permanent magnet structure with the structure that is similar to the structure shown in Figure 10., can adopt high-temperature superconductor to come construction superconducting coil 102a and 102b herein, and center on laminate patch steel pole 103, wherein, magnetic pole tip 104 is used for distributing magnetic flux in the mode that minimizes a power its winding.Use the steel core of coil to have the benefit that reduces required superconducting coil size and also reduce the control coil size.It also reduces the vortex flow loss in superconductor, the vortex flow loss is the composite loss of low temperature time institute event.

Among Figure 10, can independent construction superconduction winding and it is inserted on magnetic pole tip and the control winding.

The purposes of single overhead suspension railway

Additional embodiments of the present invention is used single overhead suspension railway, and it comes support unit in the mode that is similar to the cable car that is subjected to the overhead cable support.This suspension process has some advantages:

. only need a suspension railway and a propelling winding, therefore reduced cost.

. be easy to design quick-action and switch.

. support crossbeam can littler and more not give prominence to (abtrusive).

For such as the indoor use on the airport, overhead system is preferable selection.Can exist mechanical guide to take turns opposing swing activity when vehicle stops or be mobile at a slow speed, and if there is not wind, then the swing activity can be contained.Overhead suspension also can be preferable be used in the tunnel.Under this kind situation, can exist to produce the magnet that repulsive force is contained the swing activity, and overhead suspension takes into account suspension and propulsion system than the tunnel and the lower cost of minor diameter.

Scaling

The size utmost point according to suspension system of the present invention is applicable to mobile personnel, but may be not the best for mobile material.For example, the someone thinks that construction uses in the space of cleaning than the version of small scale, and such as in the semiconductor construction instrument, the pollution based on the suspension of wheel in described structure is a problem.Another example is used for the moving radiographic material, and under this kind situation, vehicle can operation advance winding then to be positioned at the outside of feed tube in the feed tube of sealing.Also can designs scale be amplified the bigger power of handling, or described design design is used to have bigger gap and long wavelength's more speed more by using wideer track.All these variants all are possible, and the design principle that discuss in this place still can be used.

As described above for reaching the system and method for desired target.Should understand this paper embodiment illustrated and that discussed and only be example of the present invention, and other embodiment that other side utilization changes drops in the category of the present invention.

Claims (18)

1. magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of one or more magnet arrays, at least one in the described magnet array:

Influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influencing horizontal restoring force on the described vehicle is enough to guiding is provided and need not extra structure described guiding is provided to described vehicle; With

Response in one or more described windings electric current and influence on a longitudinal direction propulsive force that advances described vehicle;

At least one twines the control coil of described magnet, and it influences a stable substantially down suction on the vertical direction between described magnet and at least one orbit of guide rail.

2. magnetic suspension system according to claim 1, it comprises first control system that is used to control described coil.

3. magnetic suspension system according to claim 2, it comprises second control system that is used to drive the described winding of described synchronous motor.

4. system according to claim 1, it further comprises at least one pair of magnet of lateral shift each other, in order to any waving and yaw forces of decaying.

5. system according to claim 1, it further comprises one or more equipment that are placed on the described vehicle, its any lifting that decays, the vibration of rolling, wave and go off course.

6. system according to claim 1, it further comprises a linear synchronous motor, and it produces suspension or propulsive force and minimizes a power.

7. system according to claim 1, it further comprises a position sensing, and it judges the position of described vehicle with respect to described guide rail.

8. system according to claim 1, wherein said magnet array further comprises through adjusting size and settling so that minimize by end effect that places a magnet array magnetic field on every side to produce and the terminal magnet of Dun Li.

9. system according to claim 8, wherein said magnet array further comprises at least one pair of magnet of lateral shift each other.

10. system according to claim 8, it further comprises one or more equipment that are placed on the described vehicle, its any lifting that decays, the vibration of rolling, wave and go off course.

11. a magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of one or more magnet arrays, at least one in the described magnet array:

Influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influencing horizontal restoring force on the described vehicle is enough to guiding is provided and need not extra structure described guiding is provided to described vehicle; With

Respond the electric current in one or more described windings and influence the propulsive force that on a longitudinal direction, advances described vehicle;

One stablizes the system in gap on the vertical direction between described magnet and the described guide rail substantially;

Wherein, described one or more magnet array comprises any one in superconducting magnet and/or the permanent magnet.

12. system according to claim 11, it comprises a winding control system, and it produces accelerative force.

13. a magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of at least one magnet array, at least one in the described magnet array:

Influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influencing horizontal restoring force on the described vehicle is enough to guiding is provided and need not extra structure described guiding is provided to described vehicle; With

Respond the electric current in one or more described windings and influence the propulsive force that on a longitudinal direction, advances described vehicle;

At least one twines the control coil of described magnet, and it influences a stable substantially gap on the vertical direction between described magnet and the described guide rail;

One is used to control first control system of described coil;

One is used to drive second control system of described winding, and it produces the acceleration of described vehicle; With

Wherein, at least one in the described magnet array comprises any one in superconducting magnet and/or the permanent magnet.

14. a magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of one or more magnet arrays, at least one in the described magnet array:

Influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influence horizontal restoring force be enough to allow successfully deal with turn and the opposing crosswind force at least one; With

Respond the electric current in one or more described windings and influence the propulsive force that on a longitudinal direction, advances described vehicle;

At least one twines the control coil of described magnet, and it influences a stable substantially gap on the vertical direction between described magnet and the described guide rail.

15. a magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of one or more magnet arrays, at least one in the described magnet array:

Influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influence horizontal restoring force be enough to allow successfully deal with turn and the opposing crosswind force at least one; With

Respond the electric current in one or more described windings and influence the propulsive force that on a longitudinal direction, advances described vehicle;

One stablizes the system in gap on the vertical direction between described magnet and the described guide rail substantially; With

Wherein, at least one in the described magnet array comprises any one in superconducting magnet and/or the permanent magnet.

16. a magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of at least one magnet array, at least one in the described magnet array:

Influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influence horizontal restoring force be enough to allow successfully deal with turn and the opposing crosswind force at least one; With

Respond the electric current in one or more described windings and influence the propulsive force that on a longitudinal direction, advances described vehicle;

At least one twines the control coil of described magnet, and it influences a stable substantially gap on the vertical direction between described magnet and the described guide rail;

One is used to control first control system of described coil;

One is used to drive second control system of described winding, and it produces the acceleration of described vehicle; With

Wherein, at least one in the described magnet array comprises any one in superconducting magnet and/or the permanent magnet.

17. a magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of one or more magnet arrays, at least one in the described magnet array: influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influence the horizontal restoring force on the described vehicle; With

Respond the electric current in one or more described windings and influence the propulsive force that on a longitudinal direction, advances described vehicle;

At least one twines the control coil of described magnet, and it influences a stable substantially gap on the vertical direction between described magnet and the described guide rail; With

The magnet that at least one pair of is settled in a lateral shift mode is in order to any waving and yaw forces of decaying.

18. a magnetic suspension system, it comprises:

One comprises the guide rail of one or more ferromagnetism tracks, and at least one in the described ferromagnetism track further comprises the winding that is used for a linear synchronous motor;

One comprises the vehicle of one or more magnet arrays, at least one in the described magnet array: influence is to the magnetic attraction of at least one orbit of guide rail;

Influence the horizontal restoring force on the described vehicle; With

Respond the electric current in one or more described windings and influence the propulsive force that on a longitudinal direction, advances described vehicle;

At least one twines the control coil of described magnet, and it influences a stable substantially gap on the vertical direction between described magnet and the described guide rail;

Wherein said magnet array further comprises and has influence minimum end effect and the size of Dun Li and the terminal magnet of position,

Wherein, described magnet array further comprises the magnet that at least one pair of is settled with a lateral shift.

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