CN100361858C - adjustable wheelbase car - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种轴距可调节汽车，是一种前后轮之间距离可以由驾驶员主动调节的汽车，特别适用于各型四轮电动汽车。它包括有车身、动力系统、行走系统、控制系统；所述行走系统有一个用于调节后轮与前轮之间的距离的轴距调节机构，它由前传力杆、后传力杆、轴距调节丝杆、滑移螺母、轴距调节电动机、以及滑移梁组成；轴距调节电动机与轴距调节丝杆通过齿轮啮合传动、连接；滑移梁的前端与车架活动连接，其上部通过减震弹簧与车架连接，其下部有一承载凹槽，套在后轴上的支承滚轮嵌入承载凹槽内。本发明能提高汽车的起步加速、爬坡、越野、平衡等性能，并且承载和传力途径合理、制动性能好、可靠性高。

The invention relates to a vehicle with adjustable wheelbase, which is a vehicle in which the distance between the front and rear wheels can be actively adjusted by the driver, and is especially suitable for various types of four-wheel electric vehicles. It includes a vehicle body, a power system, a walking system, and a control system; the walking system has a wheelbase adjustment mechanism for adjusting the distance between the rear wheel and the front wheel, which consists of a front dowel bar, a rear dowel bar, a shaft It is composed of distance adjusting screw, sliding nut, wheelbase adjusting motor, and sliding beam; the wheelbase adjusting motor and wheelbase adjusting screw are driven and connected through gear meshing; the front end of the sliding beam is movably connected with the frame, and its upper part The shock absorbing spring is connected with the vehicle frame, and its lower part has a bearing groove, and the supporting rollers sleeved on the rear axle are embedded in the bearing groove. The invention can improve the starting acceleration, climbing, off-road, balance and other performances of the automobile, and has reasonable bearing and force transmission paths, good braking performance and high reliability.

Description

Translated fromChinese

轴距可调节汽车adjustable wheelbase car

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种轴距可调节汽车，属于汽车技术领域，是一种前后轮之间距高可以由驾驶员主动调节的汽车，特别适用于各型四轮电动汽车。The invention relates to an automobile with an adjustable wheelbase, which belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and is an automobile whose distance between front and rear wheels can be actively adjusted by a driver, and is especially suitable for various types of four-wheel electric automobiles.

背景技术Background technique

目前的汽车研究都在致力于汽车加速、平稳及越野等方面性能的提高。然而，现有的轴距固定式汽车在起步加速时由于受地面附着系数的制约而使发动机的功率得不到充分地发挥，从而影响了起步低速阶段的加速性能。此外，轴距固定式汽车若改进成为轴距可调节汽车，则其越野性能、爬坡性能及平稳性能等也会得到提高。在现有技术中，有一种内燃机车的轴距可调的技术方案，但是，其后桥上的弹簧同时承受全部的水平和竖向荷载，传力途径不合理，且其用于调节轴距的丝杆时刻承受水平驱动力，可靠性不高。The current automobile research is devoted to the improvement of the performance of automobile acceleration, stability and off-road. However, the power of the engine cannot be fully exerted due to the restriction of the ground adhesion coefficient when the existing fixed-wheelbase vehicle accelerates from the start, thereby affecting the acceleration performance at the low speed stage of the start. In addition, if a vehicle with a fixed wheelbase is improved into a vehicle with an adjustable wheelbase, its off-road performance, climbing performance and stability performance will also be improved. In the prior art, there is a technical solution for adjusting the wheelbase of a diesel locomotive, but the spring on the rear axle bears all the horizontal and vertical loads at the same time, and the way of force transmission is unreasonable, and it is used to adjust the wheelbase The screw rod always bears the horizontal driving force, and the reliability is not high.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术的缺点，提供一种承受载荷和传力途径合理、驱动可靠、能提高汽车的起步加速性能、爬坡性能、越野性能、平衡性及制动性能的轴距可调节汽车。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to provide a shaft bearing with reasonable load and force transmission path, reliable driving, which can improve the starting acceleration performance, climbing performance, off-road performance, balance and braking performance of the automobile. Distance adjustable car.

本发明的技术方案是：所述的轴距可调节汽车，它包括有车身、动力系统、行走系统、控制系统；所述行走系统有一个用于调节后轮与前轮之间的距离的轴距调节机构；所述轴距调节机构主要由前传力杆、后传力杆、轴距调节丝杆、滑移螺母、轴距调节电动机以及滑移梁组成；前传力杆一端与车架连接，另一端与套装在轴距调节丝杆上的滑移螺母活动连接；后传力杆一端与后轮内侧承力支座活动连接，另一端与套装在轴距调节丝杆上的滑移螺母活动连接；轴距调节电动机与轴距调节丝杆通过齿轮啮合传动、连接；轴距调节丝杆两端与车架活动连接；滑移梁的前端与车架活动连接，其上部通过减震弹簧与车架连接，其下部有一承载凹槽；支承滚轮套在后轴上，并嵌入承载凹槽内。The technical scheme of the present invention is: the automobile with adjustable wheelbase, which includes a vehicle body, a power system, a walking system, and a control system; the walking system has an axle for adjusting the distance between the rear wheel and the front wheel The wheelbase adjustment mechanism is mainly composed of a front dowel, a rear dowel, a wheelbase adjustment screw, a slip nut, a wheelbase adjustment motor and a slip beam; one end of the front dowel is connected to the vehicle frame, The other end is movably connected with the slip nut set on the wheelbase adjusting screw; one end of the rear dowel rod is movably connected with the bearing support inside the rear wheel, and the other end is movably connected with the slip nut set on the wheelbase adjusting screw Connection; the wheelbase adjustment motor and the wheelbase adjustment screw are driven and connected through gear meshing; the two ends of the wheelbase adjustment screw are connected to the vehicle frame; the front end of the sliding beam is connected to the vehicle frame, and its upper part is connected to The vehicle frame is connected, and its lower part has a bearing groove; the supporting roller is sleeved on the rear axle and embedded in the bearing groove.

本发明的技术效果在于：Technical effect of the present invention is:

1、可通过调节轴荷在前后轮上的分布来改变其最大起步加速度，而轴荷分布的改变又通过轴距的调节来实现。1. The maximum starting acceleration can be changed by adjusting the distribution of the axle load on the front and rear wheels, and the change of the axle load distribution can be realized by adjusting the wheelbase.

2、提高汽车的可驾驶性。汽车在高速行驶时，将后轴后移，可增大前轴的轴荷调，从而提高汽车的可驾驶性能。2. Improve the drivability of the car. When the car is running at high speed, moving the rear axle backward can increase the axle load adjustment of the front axle, thereby improving the drivability of the car.

3、在汽车遇泥泞小坑而后轮打滑时，对于普通汽车只有用填坑或用力推车的方法才能越过泥坑，而对于后轴可调节的汽车，则可通过只运动后轮，使车身保持不动，从而使后轮“趟”过泥坑。3. When the car encounters a small muddy pit and the rear wheels slip, for ordinary cars, only the method of filling the pit or pushing the cart can pass over the mud pit, while for cars with adjustable rear axles, only the rear wheels can be moved to keep the body do not move, allowing the rear wheels to "wad" through mud holes.

4、减小汽车的振动强度。由车速、轴距和振动强度三个因子绘制的三维坐标曲面图上有一条车身振动强度比较小的波谷带，因而可以通过调节轴距和车速之间的关系，达到较好的的乘坐稳定性。4. Reduce the vibration intensity of the car. The three-dimensional coordinate surface diagram drawn by the three factors of vehicle speed, wheelbase and vibration intensity has a trough belt with relatively small vibration intensity of the vehicle body. Therefore, better riding stability can be achieved by adjusting the relationship between wheelbase and vehicle speed .

5、滑移梁上的弹簧承受荷载合理，整车传力途径合理，且其用于调节轴距的丝杆承受驱动力合理，可靠性高。5. The spring on the sliding beam bears a reasonable load, the force transmission path of the whole vehicle is reasonable, and the screw rod used to adjust the wheelbase bears a reasonable driving force and has high reliability.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1、轴距可调节汽车的底盘结构俯视示意图；Figure 1. A schematic top view of the chassis structure of a vehicle with adjustable wheelbase;

图2、轴距可调节汽车的底盘结构侧视示意图；Figure 2. A schematic side view of the chassis structure of a vehicle with an adjustable wheelbase;

图3、滑移梁的结构图；Figure 3. Structural diagram of the sliding beam;

图4、图3的A-A剖视图；Fig. 4, A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;

图5、轴距调节机构的结构俯视示意图；Figure 5. A schematic top view of the wheelbase adjustment mechanism;

图6、轴距调节机构的结构侧视示意图；Figure 6. A schematic side view of the wheelbase adjustment mechanism;

图7、轴距调节机构的结构局部纵剖视图；Figure 7. A partial longitudinal sectional view of the wheelbase adjustment mechanism;

图8、电动型轴距可调节汽车实施例侧视图。Fig. 8, a side view of an embodiment of an electric vehicle with an adjustable wheelbase.

在附图1-8中各构件标号和相应名称为：1-前轮、2-前支座、3-前传力杆、4-滑移螺母、5-后传力杆、6-定位夹、7-后轮、8-车架、9-轴距调节电动机、10-变矩齿轮、11-轴距调节丝杆、12-支撑滑轮、13-齿轮、14-球形铰、5-定位电动机、16-柔性传动索、17-定位丝杆、18-承载凹槽、19-防滑橡胶块、20-活动铰、21-定位夹力臂、22-定位夹支座、23-支撑滚轮、24-后轮内侧承力支座、25-减震弹簧、26-滑移梁、27-滑移丝杆的横截面、28-丝杆端部支撑滑轮的滚动槽架、29-定位凹形槽、30-滑移梁下部空槽的顶面虚线、31-控制系统、32-车身、33-后轮的调节区域、34-电池、35-行走轮电动机、36-行走系统、37-后轴、38-锁紧螺母。In accompanying drawing 1-8, each component label and corresponding name are: 1-front wheel, 2-front support, 3-front dowel, 4-slip nut, 5-rear dowel, 6-location clip, 7-rear wheel, 8-frame, 9-wheelbase adjustment motor, 10-torque gear, 11-wheelbase adjustment screw, 12-support pulley, 13-gear, 14-spherical hinge, 5-positioning motor, 16-flexible transmission cable, 17-positioning screw, 18-loading groove, 19-anti-slip rubber block, 20-living hinge, 21-positioning clamp arm, 22-positioning clamp support, 23-supporting roller, 24- Bearing support inside the rear wheel, 25-damping spring, 26-sliding beam, 27-cross section of the sliding screw, 28-rolling groove frame for supporting the pulley at the end of the screw, 29-positioning concave groove, 30-The dotted line on the top surface of the empty slot at the lower part of the sliding beam, 31-Control system, 32-Body, 33-Rear wheel adjustment area, 34-Battery, 35-Travel wheel motor, 36-Travel system, 37-Rear axle, 38 - lock nut.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

结合附图和实施例，对本发明作进一步说明如下：In conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described as follows:

附图1-8是本发明一种轴距可调节汽车的实施例，如图8所示，它有一个车身32、包括有电池34和行走轮电动机35的动力系统、行走系统36、控制系统31；如图1-7所示，所述行走系统有一个用于调节后轮7与前轮1之间的距离的轴距调节机构；所述轴距调节机构主要由前传力杆3、后传力杆、轴距调节丝杆11、滑移螺母4、轴距调节电动机9、以及滑移梁26(如图2、3、4、7所示)组成；前传力杆3一端与车架8连接，另一端与套装在轴距调节丝杆11上的滑移螺母4活动连接；后传力杆5一端与后轮内侧承力支座24活动连接，另一端与套装在轴距调节丝杆11上的滑移螺母4活动连接；轴距调节电动机9与轴距调节丝杆11通过齿轮10、13、啮合传动、连接；轴距调节丝杆11两端与车架8活动连接；滑移梁26的前端与车架8活动连接，其上部通过减震弹簧25与车架8连接，其下部有一承载凹槽18；支承滚轮23套在后轴37上，并嵌入承载凹槽18内；上述本发明的附加的、更具体的技术方案为：Accompanying drawing 1-8 is the embodiment of a kind of wheelbase adjustable automobile of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 8, it has avehicle body 32, comprises the power system thatbattery 34 andtraveling wheel motor 35,walking system 36,control system 31. As shown in Figure 1-7, the walking system has a wheelbase adjustment mechanism for adjusting the distance between therear wheel 7 and thefront wheel 1; the wheelbase adjustment mechanism is mainly composed of thefront dowel 3, the rear Dowel bar,wheelbase adjustment screw 11,slip nut 4,wheelbase adjustment motor 9, and slip beam 26 (as shown in Figure 2, 3, 4, 7) are composed; fronttransmission dowel bar 3 one end andvehicle frame 8 connection, the other end is movably connected with theslip nut 4 sleeved on thewheelbase adjustment screw 11; one end of therear dowel bar 5 is movably connected with the rear wheel inner load bearing 24, and the other end is movably connected with thewheelbase adjustment screw 11. Thesliding nut 4 on therod 11 is movably connected; thewheelbase adjustment motor 9 is connected with thewheelbase adjustment screw 11 throughgears 10, 13, meshing transmission and connection; the two ends of thewheelbase adjustment screw 11 are movably connected with thevehicle frame 8; The front end of themoving beam 26 is movably connected with thevehicle frame 8, its upper part is connected with thevehicle frame 8 through adamping spring 25, and its lower part has abearing groove 18; the supportingroller 23 is sleeved on therear axle 37 and embedded in thebearing groove 18 The additional, more specific technical scheme of above-mentioned present invention is:

如图7所示，支承滚轮23的两侧各有一个固定在后轴37上的定位夹支座22；定位夹力臂21通过活动铰20与定位夹支座22铰接；锁紧螺母38通过活动铰20与定位夹力臂21上端铰接；两个锁紧螺母38通过定位丝杆17串联；As shown in Figure 7, the both sides of supportingroller 23 respectively have apositioning clamp support 22 fixed on therear axle 37; positioningclamp force arm 21 is hinged withpositioning clamp support 22 throughmovable hinge 20; Themovable hinge 20 is hinged with the upper end of thepositioning clamp arm 21; twolocking nuts 38 are connected in series through thepositioning screw 17;

如图1、5所示，前传力杆3与车架8的连接是通过固定在车架8上的前支座2的平面活动铰20铰接；后传力杆5与后轮内侧承力支座24是通过球形铰14铰接；As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the connection between thefront dowel bar 3 and thevehicle frame 8 is hinged through the planarmovable hinge 20 of thefront support 2 fixed on thevehicle frame 8; Seat 24 is hinged byspherical hinge 14;

如图1、5、6所示，轴距调节丝杆11上套有两个滑移螺母4；滑移螺母4的后侧通过球形铰14与后传力杆5铰接，滑移螺母4的前侧通过平面活动铰20与前传力杆3铰接；As shown in Figures 1, 5, and 6, twoslip nuts 4 are sheathed on the wheelbaseadjustment screw rod 11; the rear side of theslip nut 4 is hinged with therear dowel 5 through aspherical hinge 14, and The front side is hinged with thefront transmission dowel 3 through aplanar living hinge 20;

如图1、2、5所示，轴距调节丝杆11是一个对称丝杆，其中间部位向两边有旋转方向相反的、能带动两个滑移螺母4同时向中间或两端移动的螺纹；轴距调节丝杆11是通过固定在车架8上的滚动槽架28来活动连接，轴距调节丝杆11两端各有一个嵌在滚动槽架28内的支撑滑轮12；As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, thewheelbase adjustment screw 11 is a symmetrical screw, and its middle part has threads with opposite directions of rotation to both sides, which can drive twoslip nuts 4 to move to the middle or both ends at the same time. Thewheelbase adjustment screw 11 is movably connected through the rolling groove frame 28 fixed on thevehicle frame 8, and the two ends of the wheelbase adjustingscrew rod 11 each have asupport pulley 12 embedded in the rolling groove frame 28;

如图7所示，定位夹6下端支座22为位置固定不变的支座；两个定位夹力臂21的内侧均装有一块高强度、耐摩擦的防滑橡胶块19；As shown in Figure 7, thelower end support 22 of thepositioning clip 6 is a fixed support; the inner sides of the two positioningclamp force arms 21 are equipped with a high-strength, friction-resistantanti-skid rubber block 19;

如图7所示，定位丝杆17上的螺纹与轴距调节丝杆11相同；柔性传动索16一端与定位电动机15连接，另一端与定位丝杆17连接；As shown in Figure 7, the thread on thepositioning screw 17 is the same as thewheelbase adjustment screw 11; one end of theflexible transmission cable 16 is connected to thepositioning motor 15, and the other end is connected to thepositioning screw 17;

如图3所示，滑移梁26外侧表面上有当定位夹6移动到一指定的位置时则轴距调节电动机9锁定、而定位电动机15启动的定位构件，该定位构件为定位凹形槽29，或焊接的固定支点。As shown in Figure 3, there is a positioning member on the outer surface of thesliding beam 26. When thepositioning clip 6 moves to a designated position, thewheelbase adjustment motor 9 is locked and thepositioning motor 15 is started. The positioning member is a positioningconcave groove 29, or welded fixed fulcrums.

图8是电动型轴距可调节汽车实施例示意图，其行走驱动动力是行走轮电动机35。当行走驱动动力是内燃机时，则是本发明另一类型实施例。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electric vehicle with an adjustable wheelbase, and its traveling driving power is aroad wheel motor 35 . When the driving power for walking is an internal combustion engine, it is another type of embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. axle-distance adjustable automobiles, it includes vehicle body (32), power system (34,35), running gear (36) and control system (31), also has a wheelbase regulating mechanism that is used to regulate the distance between trailing wheel (7) and the front-wheel (1); It is characterized in that described wheelbase regulating mechanism is regulated screw mandrel (11), slip nut (4), wheelbase adjusting electrical motor (9) and slippage beam (26) by preceding dowel bar (3), back dowel bar (5), wheelbase and formed; Preceding dowel bar (3) one ends are connected with vehicle frame (8), and the other end flexibly connects with the slip nut (4) that is sleeved on the wheelbase adjusting screw mandrel (11); The inboard load bearing of back dowel bar (5) one ends and trailing wheel (24) flexibly connects, and the other end flexibly connects with the slip nut (4) that is sleeved on the wheelbase adjusting screw mandrel (11); Wheelbase regulate electrical motor (9) and wheelbase adjusting screw mandrel (11) by gear (10,13) engaged transmission, be connected; Wheelbase regulates screw mandrel (11) two ends and vehicle frame (8) flexibly connects; The front end of slippage beam (26) and vehicle frame (8) flexibly connect, and its top is connected with vehicle frame (8) by damping spring (25), and there is a carrying groove (18) its underpart; Supporting rollern (23) is enclosed within on the rear axle (37), and embeds in the carrying groove (18).

2. want 1 described automobile according to right, it is characterized in that, respectively there is a locating clip bearing (22) that is fixed on the rear axle (37) both sides of supporting rollern (23); The locating clip arm of force (21) is hinged by moveable hinge (20) and locating clip bearing (22); Jam nut (38) is hinged with the locating clip arm of force (21) upper end by moveable hinge (20); Two jam nuts (38) are by location screw mandrel (17) series connection.

3. want 1 described automobile according to right, it is characterized in that, preceding dowel bar (3) is hinged by the moveable hinge (20) that is fixed on the preceding bearing (2) on the vehicle frame (8) with being connected of vehicle frame (8); Back dowel bar (5) is hinged by sphere hinge (14) with the inboard load bearing of trailing wheel (24).

4. want 1 described automobile according to right, it is characterized in that, wheelbase is regulated on the screw mandrel (11) and is with two slip nuts (4); The rear side of slip nut (4) is hinged with back dowel bar (5) by spherical hinge (14), and the front side of slip nut (4) is hinged by moveable hinge (20) and preceding dowel bar (3).

5. want 1 described automobile according to right, it is characterized in that, it is a symmetrical screw mandrel that wheelbase is regulated screw mandrel (11), the position, intermediate portion to both sides have hand of rotation opposite, can drive the screw thread that two slip nuts (4) move to centre or two ends simultaneously; It is to flexibly connect by the rolling truss (28) that is fixed on the vehicle frame (8) that wheelbase is regulated screw mandrel (11), and wheelbase is regulated screw mandrel (11) two ends respectively a support pulley (12) that is embedded in the rolling truss (28).

6. want 2 described automobiles according to right, it is characterized in that, locating clip bearing (22) is a stationkeeping unmodified bearing; The non-slip rubber block (19) of a high strength, rub resistance all is equipped with in the inboard of two locating clip arm of forces (21).

7. want 2 described automobiles according to right, it is characterized in that, the screw thread on the location screw mandrel (17) is identical with wheelbase adjusting screw mandrel (11); Flexible transmission rope (16) one ends are connected with positioning motor (15), and the other end is connected with location screw mandrel (17).

8. automobile according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, there is when the locating clip arm of force (21) moves to an appointed positions wheelbase then regulate electrical motor (9) locking on slippage beam (26) outer surface and align member that positioning motor (15) starts, this align member is location Baltimore groove (29), or the fixed pivot of welding.

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