<Desc/Clms Page number 1> La présente invention a pour' objet un plancher en caoutchouc ou matières analogues, dont la carac téristi- que principale consiste en'ce que ce plancher se compose d'éléments polygonaux munis de moyens pour l'encastrement réciproque de leurs bords. Selon une forme de réalisation de l'invention, ces moyens d'emboîtement comportent des tenons à section en queue d'aronde, prévus sur certains côtés des éléments, et des mortaises de section correspondante prévues sur les autres côtés de ces éléments. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'in- vention 'ressortiront de la description détaillée qui va suivre, donnée en se référant aux dessins annexés, qui <Desc/Clms Page number 2> montrent à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, certaines formes de réalisation. Dans ces dessins : La figure 1 est une vue en plan d'un des élé- ments formant le plancher. La figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne Il-II de la figura 3. La figure 3 est une vue par dessous de cet élément. La figure 4 est une vue en plan d'un groupe d'éléments reliés l'un à l'autre. La figure 5 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne V-V de la figure 4. La figure 6 montre à plus grande échelle une variante de l'objet de la figure 5. La figure 7 est une vue en plan d'une variante d'ex'cution d'un des éléments du plancher. La figure 8 est une vue partielle et en coupe transversale à échelle agrandie de deux éléments contigus selon la figure 7, prêts pour l'assemblage. La figure 9 est une -vue d'un élément en coupe suivant un plan horizontal moyen, dans la région de l'an- gle de cet élément, où se terminent les-extrémités contigûes de deux mortaises. La figure 10 est une vue en plan d'une série d'éléments assemblés. La figure 11 est une vue en plan d'un élément constituant une variante de réalisation. La figure 12 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une autre variante encore. Le plancher selon l'invention se compose d'élé- ments en caoutchouc de forme polygonale, rectangulaire ou carrée par exemple, désignés par 1 . Ces éléments sont munis <Desc/Clms Page number 3> sur deux côtés adjacents de tenons 2 en queue d'aronde et, sur leurs deux autres côtés, de mortaises 3 de forme cor- responda.nte, de façon que l'emboîtement réciproque de ces éléments donne une surface continue (voir figure 4). La face supérieure 1 des éléments est préféra- blement établie en caoutchouc opposant une résistance éle- vée à l'usure, aux agents atmosphériques, aux rayons ultra- violets et au vieillissement en général: La partie infé- rieure 4, sensiblement plus épaisse que la partie supérieure est préférablement établie en un caoutchouc plus souple, voire même spongieux, assurant une adaptation parfaite à des surfaces d'appui non rigoureusement planes, et une bonne adhérence à ces surfaces. La partie inférieure de l'élément peut notamment être établie en un mélange de caoutchouc bon marché, chargé de coton ou d'autres matières pour en réduire le prix. A la face inférieure des éléments du plancher des rainures 5 délimitant des blocs 6 peuvent êtreprati- quées en vue d'améliorer les conditions d'aération. A cet effet, et pour permettre une circulation d'air entre la structure sous-jacente du plancher et sa partie supérieure, les tenons 2 sont convenablement interrompus à leurs ex- trémités, de façon à réserver de petits interstices aux points de jonction entre les éléments. Suivant-la figure 6, les éléments présentent à leurs bords des rainures supérieures propres à recevoir des listeaux 7 garnissant les joints. Ces éléments peuvent être établis en toutes couleurs et en matières autres que le caoutchouc, mais pos- sédant des caractéristiques similaires. Certains éléments peuvent aussi être munis d'un nombre àe lenons et mortaises autre qu'indiqué ci-dessus, <Desc/Clms Page number 4> pour leur adaptation aux zones périphériques du plancher. Selon la variante de réalisation montrée dans la figure 7, le plancher se compose d'une série d'éléments en caoutchouc 10 de forme rectangulaire, comportant préfé- rablement deux eouches de caoutchouc et réunies l'une à l'autre. Chaque élément a convenablement une longueur qui est égale à deux fois sa largeur. Cette proportion particulière des éléments a été calculée en raison du fait que le caoutchouc moulé se rétrécit lorsqu'il se refroidit, dans une mesure inégale 'dans les différentes directions, déterminées en partie par le sens du calandrage du mélange cru. Ainsi, un élément moulé dans un moule exactement carré deviendrait rectangulaire après son refroidissement, ce qui rendrait extrêmement difficile - du fait de la fai- ble-différence de dimensions - de distinguer d'un coup d'oeil son grand côté en vue de la pose du plancher. Si l'on ne tenait pas compte du sens de calandrage du caout- choué cru, lors de son introduction dans le moule, le grand côté de l'élément pourrait être muni tantôt de tenons, et tantôt de mortaises. La forme rectangulaire choisie élimine complè- tement ces inconvénients, en permettant de distinguer fa- cilement, soit au moulage soit à la pose, et sans aucun marquage particulier, le grand côté de chaque élément, et par conséquent de réduire au minimum les variations de di- mensions de ces éléments lorsque les pièces brutes ont été calandrées toutes dans le même.sens. De même que dans les formes de réalisation pré- cédentes de l'invention, ces éléments sont munis de tenons 11 et 12, prévus sur deux bords adjacents, pour assurer <Desc/Clms Page number 5> l'assemblage avec les éléments continus, et de mortaises 13, 14 prévues dans les deux autres bords. Généralement,.et pour des éléments affectant la forme rectangulaire préférée, montrée dans la figure 7 ; on enfile le tenon porté par le grand côté d'un élément dans la mortaise du grand côté de l'élément adjacent, en dépla- çant un élément par rapport à l'autre dans le sens longitu- dinal, l'emboîtement de deux éléments adjacents, par leurs petits côtés, étant opéré par l'effet d'une pression diri- gée normalement à leur ligne de jonction. Les tenons des éléments affectent, en coupe transversale, une forme en pointe de flèche 12a, et compor- tent une tige 12b se raccordant au bord de l'élément. La ppinte est de dimensions un peu inférieures à'celles de la partie 13a de la mortaise coopérante. Ces dimensions'par- ticulières des tenons et mortaises ont été choisies en vue de faciliter.l'emboîtement entre les éléments, qui pourrait mal s'opérer si les deux parties avaient les mêmes dimen- sions. Selon une autre caractéristique del'invention, la partie de la surface du bord de l'élément se trouvant au-dessus du tenon, et indiquée par 16 dans la figure 8, forme un anle c un peu inférieur à 90 avec un plan hori- zontal passant par le tenon, ce qui assure la juxtaposition étroite des arêtes supérieures des éléments adjacents. On voit par la-figure 7 que les tenons sont un peu plus courts que le bord de l'élément qui les porte. Comme le montre la figure 9,qui représente une vue en. coupe horizontale.d'un élément, dans la zone adja- cente à l'angle 17, où se terminent les deux mortaises 13 et 14, les extrémités de ces mortaises sont fermées, pour donner à l'angle 10a, formé de caoutchouc massif, une ré- sistance suffisante pour ne pas fléchir. <Desc/Clms Page number 6> Selon la variante de réalisation montrée dans la figure 11, les tenons comportent des sections 22a, 22b, 22c, etc... et 21a, 21b, 21c, etc... séparées par des vides. Cette réalisation est plus particulièrement appropriée à l'exécution des petits côtés,' à assembler par engagement sous'pression, et non par déplacement du tenon le long de la mortaise. Cette dernière est préférablement continue sur les grands côtés, et interrompue sur les petits côtés, pour assurer l'emboîtement de ces derniers sous une pression exercée en direction normale par rapport 'au bord des deux éléments à joindre, en vue de prévenir tous déplacements latéraux. Selon une autre.variante de l'invention, mon- trée dans la figure 12, chaque tenon d'emboîtement comporte une portion 18 dépassant de,la partie inférieure du bord d'un élément de section en L, et se terminant par une tête 19 formant deux surfaces de portée 19a. Bien entendu, le tenon 18,19 vient s'engager dans une mortaise de forme correspondante, appartenant à l'élément adjacent. Il est évident que, tout en respectant le prin- cipe de l'invention, les détails constructifs et les for- mes de réalisation pourront varier par rapport aux exemples décrits et représentés, sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention. <Desc / Clms Page number 1> The present invention relates to a floor made of rubber or similar materials, the main characteristic of which is that this floor consists of polygonal elements provided with means for the reciprocal embedding of their edges. According to one embodiment of the invention, these interlocking means comprise tenons with a dovetail section, provided on certain sides of the elements, and mortises of corresponding section provided on the other sides of these elements. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description which follows, given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which <Desc / Clms Page number 2> show, by way of nonlimiting examples, certain embodiments. In these drawings:Figure 1 is a plan view of one of the elements forming the floor. Figure 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 3. Figure 3 is a view from below of this element. Figure 4 is a plan view of a group of elements connected to each other. Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line V-V of Figure 4. Figure 6 shows on a larger scale a variant of the object of Figure 5. FIG. 7 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of one of the elements of the floor. Figure 8 is a partial view in cross section on an enlarged scale of two contiguous elements according to Figure 7, ready for assembly. FIG. 9 is a view of an element in section along a mean horizontal plane, in the region of the angle of this element, where the contiguous ends of two mortises terminate. Figure 10 is a plan view of a series of assembled elements. FIG. 11 is a plan view of an element constituting an alternative embodiment. Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of yet another variation. The floor according to the invention is made up of rubber elements of polygonal, rectangular or square shape for example, designated by 1. These elements are provided <Desc / Clms Page number 3> on two adjacent sides of dovetail tenons 2 and, on their two other sides, of mortises 3 of corresponding shape, so that the reciprocal interlocking of these elements gives a continuous surface (see figure 4) . The upper face 1 of the elements is preferably made of rubber offering high resistance to wear, atmospheric agents, ultraviolet rays and aging in general: The lower part 4, appreciably thicker than the upper part is preferably made from a more flexible, or even spongy, rubber, ensuring perfect adaptation to non-strictly flat bearing surfaces, and good adhesion to these surfaces. In particular, the lower part of the element can be made of an inexpensive rubber blend loaded with cotton or other materials to reduce the price. Grooves 5 delimiting blocks 6 can be made on the underside of the floor elements with a view to improving the ventilation conditions. To this end, and to allow air circulation between the underlying structure of the floor and its upper part, the tenons 2 are suitably interrupted at their ends, so as to reserve small interstices at the junction points between the elements. According to Figure 6, the elements have at their edges upper grooves suitable for receiving strips 7 lining the joints. These elements may be produced in any color and in materials other than rubber, but having similar characteristics. Certain elements may also be fitted with a number of lons and mortises other than indicated above, <Desc / Clms Page number 4> for their adaptation to the peripheral zones of the floor. According to the variant embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the floor consists of a series of rubber elements 10 of rectangular shape, preferably comprising two layers of rubber and joined together. Each element suitably has a length which is twice its width. This particular proportion of the elements was calculated due to the fact that the molded rubber shrinks as it cools, to an uneven extent in the different directions, determined in part by the calendering direction of the green mixture. Thus, an element molded in an exactly square mold would become rectangular after cooling, which would make it extremely difficult - because of the small difference in dimensions - to distinguish at a glance its long side in view of the laying the floor. If one did not take into account the calendering direction of the raw rubber, when it is introduced into the mold, the long side of the element could be provided sometimes with tenons, and sometimes with mortises. The chosen rectangular shape completely eliminates these drawbacks, making it possible to easily distinguish, either during molding or during installation, and without any particular marking, the long side of each element, and consequently to reduce to a minimum the variations of dimensions of these elements when the blanks have been calendered all in the same direction. As in the previous embodiments of the invention, these elements are provided with tenons 11 and 12, provided on two adjacent edges, to ensure <Desc / Clms Page number 5> the assembly with the continuous elements, and mortises 13, 14 provided in the other two edges. Generally, and for elements affecting the preferred rectangular shape, shown in Figure 7; the tenon carried by the long side of an element is threaded into the mortise on the long side of the adjacent element, moving one element relative to the other in the longitudinal direction, the interlocking of two elements adjacent, by their short sides, being operated by the effect of a pressure normally directed at their junction line. The tenons of the elements assume, in cross section, an arrowhead shape 12a, and have a rod 12b connecting to the edge of the element. The ppinte is of dimensions a little smaller than those of the part 13a of the cooperating mortise. These particular dimensions of the tenons and mortises were chosen with a view to facilitating the interlocking between the elements, which could work badly if the two parts had the same dimensions. According to another characteristic of the invention, the part of the surface of the edge of the element located above the tenon, and indicated by 16 in FIG. 8, forms an anle c a little less than 90 with a horizontal plane. zontal passing through the tenon, which ensures the narrow juxtaposition of the upper edges of the adjacent elements. It can be seen from FIG. 7 that the tenons are a little shorter than the edge of the element which carries them. As shown in Figure 9, which shows a view in. horizontal section of an element, in the area adjacent to angle 17, where the two mortises 13 and 14 end, the ends of these mortises are closed, to give angle 10a, formed of solid rubber , sufficient resistance not to flex. <Desc / Clms Page number 6> According to the variant embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the tenons have sections 22a, 22b, 22c, etc ... and 21a, 21b, 21c, etc ... separated by voids. This embodiment is more particularly suitable for the execution of short sides, 'to be assembled by engagement under pressure, and not by displacement of the tenon along the mortise. The latter is preferably continuous on the long sides, and interrupted on the short sides, to ensure the interlocking of the latter under a pressure exerted in the normal direction with respect to the edge of the two elements to be joined, in order to prevent any lateral displacement. . According to another variant of the invention, shown in FIG. 12, each interlocking tenon comprises a portion 18 projecting from the lower part of the edge of an element of L-section, and terminating in a head. 19 forming two bearing surfaces 19a. Of course, the tenon 18,19 engages in a mortise of corresponding shape, belonging to the adjacent element. It is obvious that, while respecting the principle of the invention, the construction details and the embodiments may vary with respect to the examples described and shown, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT965656 | 1956-06-27 |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BE557844Atrue BE557844A (en) | 1957-06-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE557844DBE557844A (en) | 1956-06-27 | 1957-05-27 |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE557844A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH345451A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE1212275B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1175582A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB812671A (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1814830U (en) | 1960-07-14 |
| GB812671A (en) | 1959-04-29 |
| CH345451A (en) | 1960-03-31 |
| DE1212275B (en) | 1966-03-10 |
| FR1175582A (en) | 1959-03-27 |
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