This page contains words for parts of the body that are cognate inall orsome of the six modern Celtic languages.
Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to theCeltiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish.More Celtic Cognates
These words are cognate in all six Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) | Gàidhlig (Gaelic) | Gaelg (Manx) | Cymraeg (Welsh) | Kernewek (Cornish) | Brezhoneg (Breton) | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ae | adha | aane | afu | avi | avu | liver |
| ascaill | asgall | aghlish oghlish | asgell | askel | askell | wing fin armpit |
| bolg | bolg | bolg | bol(a) | bolgh | bolc'h | belly stomach |
| bos | bas | bass | bos | bas | boz | palm fist |
| broinne | broinne | brein | bron bryn | bronn | bronn | breast hill |
| ceann | ceann | kione | pen | penn | penn | head |
| ciall | ciall | keeall | pwyll | poll | poell | mind sense |
| cíoch | cìoch | keeagh | cig | kig | kig | breast meat flesh |
| corp | corp | corp | corff | korf | korf | body |
| craiceann | craiceann | crackan | croen | kroghen | kroc'hen | skin hide surface |
| croí | cridhe | cree | craidd | kres | kreiz | heart centre core |
| dorn | dòrn | doarn | dwrn | dorn | dorn | fist hand |
| inga | ionga | ingin | ewin | ewin | ivin | nail claw talon hoof |
| fabhra abhra | fabhra abhra | ferroogh | amrant | abrans | abrant | eyelid eyelash eyebrow |
| féith | fèith | feh | gwyth | gooth | gwazh | sinew muscle vein channel stream |
| folt | falt | folt | gwallt | gols | guolt† | hair |
| fuil | fuil | fuil | gweli | goli | gouli | blood wound |
| glúin | glùin | glioon | glin | glyn | glinn | knee |
| gualainn | gualainn | geaylin geayliney | ysgywdd | skoodh | skoaz | shoulder |
| ionga | ìne ionga | yngin | ewin | ewin | ivin | (finger/toe) nail |
| lámh | làmh | laue | llaw | leuv | lav | hand arm |
| pus | bus | puiss | gwefus | gweus | gweuz | mouth cheek lip |
| sáil | sàil | saayl | sawdl | seudhel | seul | heel |
| scamhóg | sgamhan | scowan | ysgefaint | skevens | skevent | lung(s) |
| sciathán | sgiathan | skian | ysgwydd | skoodh | skoaz | shoulder |
| smoir | smior | smuir(r) | mêr | mer | mel | (bone) marrow pith sap |
| súil | sùil | sooill | haul | howl | heol | eye sun |
| srón | sròn | stroin | ffroen | frig | froen | nose nostril |
| teanga | teanga | çhengey | tafod | taves | teod | tongue language |
| troigh | troigh | trie | troed | troos | troad | foot |
| tul | tul | tool | tâl | tal | tal | forehead brow head |
| uillinn | uileann | uillin | elin | elin | ilin | elbow |
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These words are cognate in some of the Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) | Gàidhlig (Gaelic) | Gaelg (Manx) | Cymraeg (Welsh) | Kernewek (Cornish) | Brezhoneg (Breton) | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | adhbrann | abane | — | — | — | ankle |
| aghaidh | aghaidh | oai | — | — | — | face front |
| aineach eineach | eanach | — | wyneb | enep | eneb | face honour reputation |
| aisil | — | — | — | esel | ezel | part piece joint limb |
| alt | alt | olt | — | — | — | joint organ knuckle |
| éadan | aodann | eddin | — | — | — | brow forehead |
| áru† | àra | arrey | aren | — | — | kidney |
| — | — | — | asgwrn | askorn | askorn | bone |
| ball | ball | — | — | — | — | organ (male) member |
| béal | beul | beeal | — | — | — | lip mouth |
| — | — | — | blew | blew | blev | hair bristles |
| biss† | — | — | bys | bys | biz | finger |
| — | bòc | — | boch | bogh | boc'h | cheek bloat |
| boil(l)scén† | buillsgean | — | bogel | begel | begel | navel centre core |
| bonn | bonn | boyn | — | — | — | sole base foot |
| bráid | bràid | — | breuant | briansen | breant | neck throat collar trachea |
| brollach | brollach | brollagh | — | — | — | breast bosom |
| — | caill† | — | caill | kell | kell | testicle |
| caithir | — | — | cedor | kedhoren | kezour | pubic hair down |
| — | — | — | calon | kolon | kalon | heart soul |
| caolán | caolan | collane | — | — | — | gut bowel |
| — | — | — | cefn | keyn | kein | back |
| cluas | cluas | cleaysh | clust | — | — | ear |
| — | — | — | clun | klun | klun | hip buttocks |
| coim | com | — | — | — | — | waist chest torso |
| cnámh | cnàimh | craue | cnaw | — | — | bone skull |
| cneas | cneas | — | cnawd | kneus | kneud (?) | skin flesh |
| colainn | colann | callin | celain | — | kelan | body torso corpse |
| — | — | — | coludd | kolodhyon | kaouded | intestine guts heart |
| cos | cas cos | cass | coes | koos | — | leg foot |
| — | — | — | cramen | kramenn | scab sore crust | |
| cró | crò | — | crau | krow | — | blood gore |
| déad | deud | — | dant | dans | dant | tooth |
| dreach | dreach | dreagh | drych | — | derch† | look aspect expression face |
| droim | druim | dreeym | — | — | — | back ridge |
| éadan | aodann | eddin | — | — | — | front face facade |
| esna | asna | asney | ais | asownn | — | rib |
| fadhbh | fadhbh | — | gwddf gwddw(g) | — | gouzoug | plunder throat neck |
| fiacail | fiacail | feeackle feeackyl | — | — | — | tooth |
| galba | galba | — | gylfin | gelvin | golv | beak nose |
| gairr† | — | — | gar | garr | gar | leg shank thigh |
| giall | giall | — | gwefl | gwelv† | gweol† | jaw lip |
| gion | gion | — | gên | gen | gen | mouth jaw cheek chin |
| gnúis | gnùis | grooish | gnis | greuv | — | face brow jaw |
| gob | gob | gob | — | — | — | beak bill point |
| grua | gruaidh | gruaie | grudd | grudh | — | cheek brow jaw |
| — | — | — | gwaed | goos | gwad | blood |
| imleacán | ilmeag | imleig | — | — | — | navel belly button |
| inchinn | eanchainn | — | ymennydd | ympynnyon | empenn | mind brain |
| intinn | inntinn | inçhyn | — | — | — | brain |
| leiceann | lethcheann | lieckan | — | — | — | cheek |
| — | — | — | llygad | lagas | lagad | eye |
| magairle | magairle | maggle | — | — | — | testicle |
| mala | mala | mollee | — | — | malvenn | eyebrow eyelid eyelash |
| méar | meur | mair | — | — | — | finger toe |
| más | màs | maaish | — | — | — | buttock(s) ham thigh |
| — | — | — | migwrn | — | migorn | ankle knuckle cartilage |
| — | — | — | min | min | min | lip mouth pout |
| muin | muin | — | mŵn | — | mun† | (upper) back neck |
| muineál | muineal | mwannal | mwnwg(l) mynwgl | — | — | neck |
| — | — | — | pen-glin pen-lin | penn glin />pedn glin | penn-glin | knee |
| rí | ruighe | roih | — | — | — | forearm arm |
| scornach | sgòrnan | scoarnagh | — | — | — | throat mouth |
| seithe | seiche | sheh | — | — | — | skin hide pelt |
| sine | sine | sbeeiney | — | — | — | nipple teat |
| sliasaid | sliasaid | shleayst | — | — | — | thigh leg |
| — | — | — | teth | teth | tezh | nipple teat |
| tóin | tòn | thoyn toinn | tin | tin† | — | bottom buttocks breech |
| — | — | — | trwyn | tron | stroen | nose snot |
| ucht | uchd | ught | — | — | — | chest breast lap |
| — | — | — | ysgyfarn† | skovarn | skouarn | ear handle |
Words marked † are archaic or obselete.
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TheCeltiadur blog is a collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Middle Breton and Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
On theCeltic Pathways podcast I discuss connections between the Celtic languages, and look for words with Celtic roots in non-Celtic languages, such as English, French, Spanish, Galician and Portuguese.
Breton,Celtiberian,Cornish,Cumbric,Gaulish,Irish,Lepontic,Lusitanian,Manx,Scottish Gaelic,Welsh
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