Sega inakhazikitsidwa ndi Martin Bromley ndi Richard Stewart pa June 3, 1960, mongaNihon Goraku Bussan. Pambuyo pake, kampaniyi inapeza katundu wa kampani ya kale ya Service Games of Japan. Mu 1965, inatchedwa Sega Enterprises, Ltd., mutatha kupititsa patsogolo Rosen Enterprises, yomwe inatumiza masewera a coin-operated. Sega inakhazitsa masewera ake oyamba a coin-operated,Periscope, mu 1966. Mu 1969, Sega inagulitsa ku Gulf and Western Industries. Pambuyo pa kutembenuka kwa bizinesi ya arcade mu nthawi ya 1980, Sega inayamba kupanga ma console a vidiyo, kuyambira ndiSG-1000 ndiMaster System, koma inakumana ndi zovuta kuchokera kwa mpikisano mongaNintendo Entertainment System.
Mu 1988, Sega idatulutsaMega Drive, yomwe imatchedwanso kuti Genesis ku North America. Mega Drive inakumana ndi mpikisano mu Japan, koma Genesis inapeza phindu ku dziko lina pambuyo pa kutulutsidwa kwaSonic the Hedgehog mu 1991. Mu 2001, pambuyo pa zovuta zambiri monga32X,Saturn, ndiDreamcast, Sega idasiya kupanga ma console kuti ikhalethird-party developer komanso wopanga.
Mabungwe a Sega padziko lonse lapansi akuphatikizapo Sega of America ndi Sega Europe omwe ali kuIrvine, California, ndi London. Makampani awo akuphatikizapo ma studio a R&D omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yaRyu Ga Gotoku Studio ndiSonic Team. Sega imadziwika ngati imodzi mwa opanga masewera a arcade kwambiri padziko lonse komanso mascot yake,Sonic the Hedgehog, imadziwika bwino padziko lonse.
Ngakhale kuti Sega ikudziwika chifukwa cha ma console ake a vidiyo komanso chitsanzo chake cha ukadaulo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, kampaniyo yakhala ikukhalabe poyera chifukwa cha zisankho zake zamabizinesi komanso khalidwe la zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa.
